IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2680933

Mitchell L Eisen, Rebecca C Ying

{"title":"When high confidence implies high accuracy: lessons learned from a decade of field-simulation studies examining witness performance in under real-world conditions.","authors":"Mitchell L Eisen, Rebecca C Ying","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2680933","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2680933","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, eyewitness experts have provided clear and consistent direction to the criminal justice community that if \"pristine\" non-suggestive procedures are used, high confidence suspect-identifications imply accuracy: Not a perfect relationship, but much stronger than previously thought. However, when suggestion is present, high-confidence suspect identifications no longer provide reliable evidence of accuracy. Recently, some experts have promoted a much broader picture of how and when confidence implies accuracy to the legal community, noting that confidence can still reliably predict accuracy even when suggestive procedures like showups are used. Although this observation is statistically correct, its practical meaning may be lost in translation to legal audiences, who may interpret this as support for treating high-confidence showup identifications as strong evidence of witness accuracy. In this paper, we argue for researchers to be cautious in how they disseminate research results to clearly specify the limitations on how new findings can be used to evaluate eyewitness evidence in court. In making this argument, we review findings from numerous experiments employing the field-simulation paradigm, which clearly illustrate a situation where a positive correlation between confidence and accuracy exists, but at the same time, nearly half of all false-identifications are made with 90-100% confidence.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"879-886"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148157073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The "what" and "where" of the threat superiority effect in children's memory. 儿童记忆中威胁优势效应的“什么”和“在哪里”。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2681870

Elodie Lhoste, Patrick Bonin, Patrick Bard, Bénédicte Poulin-Charronnat, Annie Vinter

{"title":"The \"what\" and \"where\" of the threat superiority effect in children's memory.","authors":"Elodie Lhoste, Patrick Bonin, Patrick Bard, Bénédicte Poulin-Charronnat, Annie Vinter","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2681870","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2681870","url":null,"abstract":"Although a substantial body of research has demonstrated a processing advantage for threatening entities compared to nonthreatening ones in adults, very few studies have investigated the effect of threat on memory processes in children. The present study aimed to address this gap by testing memory for dangerous entities and their locations in 88 children aged 5-10 years. To do so, the children played Memory games on a digital tablet. Location memory was assessed by recording the number of errors made when matching card pairs. Item memory was assessed using a free recall task administered after the Memory game session. The results revealed a significant threat superiority effect for both item and location memory. Specifically, dangerous animals were remembered better than nondangerous ones as early as age 5. Location memory advantages for threatening items emerged by the age of 8. Further analysis showed significant relationships between memory performance and the emotional dimensions of the stimuli (arousal and emotional intensity). Finally, modern threats were recalled better than evolutionary threats, although no differences were observed in location memory. Overall, these findings provide further evidence to support the idea that threatening information has an adaptive value in memory processes during childhood.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"845-857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining autobiographical memory retrieval as an intervention to increase physical activity in adults aged 60 and older. 检查自传式记忆检索作为一种干预措施，以增加60岁及以上成年人的身体活动。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2680911

Zuzanna Smurzynska, Emily Lerolland, Karen L Siedlecki

{"title":"Examining autobiographical memory retrieval as an intervention to increase physical activity in adults aged 60 and older.","authors":"Zuzanna Smurzynska, Emily Lerolland, Karen L Siedlecki","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2680911","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2680911","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research examining the directive function in autobiographical memory in college-aged participants found that recalling autobiographical memories related to physical activity was associated with an increase in subsequent physical activity. The current study, using an experimental test-retest design, examined whether this same effect was evident in a sample of adults aged 60 and older. At Time 1, participants (N = 451) were randomly assigned to the control or experimental groups and asked to complete a survey assessing physical activity and health; the experimental groups were asked to recall either a positive or negative motivational memory associated with exercise. Participants (N = 340) completed a similar survey seven days later. Levels of exercise were compared between Time 1 and Time 2 to examine whether the memory retrieval intervention had a significant impact on the level of physical activity. There was no significant main effect of memory condition on Time 2 physical activity, suggesting that the effect may not generalise to older adults. This null finding provides support for the assertion that the directive function may be more limited and specific than originally thought and that other factors may be more important for influencing behaviour (e.g., age-related differences in motivation).","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"887-893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148157016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing the effects of schema-congruency and agency on collective memories by roleplaying a fictional collective identity. 通过角色扮演一个虚构的集体身份来检验图式一致性和代理对集体记忆的影响。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-14 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2672000

Osman Görkem Çetin, Sami Gülgöz

{"title":"Testing the effects of schema-congruency and agency on collective memories by roleplaying a fictional collective identity.","authors":"Osman Görkem Çetin, Sami Gülgöz","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2672000","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2672000","url":null,"abstract":"The role of agency in collective memory is largely unexplored, and evidence that schema-congruent collective events are more readily integrated than incongruent ones remains largely correlational. Studying these factors experimentally is challenging because real-world collective identities are difficult to manipulate. To address this, we developed a novel paradigm in which 51 participants were trained about a detailed fictional state and collectively role-played its citizen identity for a week. After the training, participants played a role-playing game in which they made decisions during events of collective significance. Events were manipulated along two dimensions: congruency with the collective's master narratives (congruent vs. incongruent) and the degree of agency afforded to the player (agency vs. no agency). After gameplay, participants completed a recall task and later rated the perceived agency phenomenology of the events. Events involving agency were recalled more frequently, more often from a first-person perspective, and received higher ratings of perceived agency and phenomenology. Although congruency did not affect recall frequency, incongruent events were associated with higher perceived agency and enhanced phenomenological qualities across several dimensions. Findings are discussed in terms of self-referential processing and highlight the potential of interactive fiction as a simulative tool for studying collective memory.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"773-796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147942155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reward enhances false memory in a long term. 长期来看，奖励会增强错误记忆。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2680913

Yu Yao, Jiawen Lin, Jianqin Wang

引用次数: 0

Relative contribution of associative memory and working memory to subjective organisation in aging. 联想记忆与工作记忆对老年人主观组织的相对贡献。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2655432

Aurélien Frick, Badiâa Bouazzaoui, Jordan Mille, Lucie Angel, Erika Borella, Séverine Fay, Vincent Ferrandez, Florent Pinard, Sandrine Vanneste, Laurence Taconnat

{"title":"Relative contribution of associative memory and working memory to subjective organisation in aging.","authors":"Aurélien Frick, Badiâa Bouazzaoui, Jordan Mille, Lucie Angel, Erika Borella, Séverine Fay, Vincent Ferrandez, Florent Pinard, Sandrine Vanneste, Laurence Taconnat","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2655432","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2655432","url":null,"abstract":"Organising information is an efficient way to improve episodic memory performance. When the information is not semantically related to each other, individuals can self-organize this information. This spontaneous subjective organisation involves important working memory (WM) resources and is negatively affected by aging, potentially because it also relies on associative memory. Here, we examined whether such subjective organisation involves associative processes, whether this relation is explained by WM capacity, and whether this relationship differs with age. We tested 40 young (non-students) adults and 40 older adults on two memory tasks: one allowing for subjective organisation to be implemented and another accounting for associative memory processes. These participants also performed three different WM tasks to compute a WM capacity index. Whilst reporting classical age-related effects on recall, recognition and WM performance, we found that both associative memory and WM are related to subjective organisation in both young and older adults. However, between these two factors, WM capacity was the main factor explaining subjective performance in both age groups, though to a greater extent in young adults. These results confirm the central role of WM in episodic memory, particularly in explaining the age-related decline of this function.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"647-655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength of social episodic memory influences subsequent social decisions. 社会情景记忆的强度影响随后的社会决策。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2665729

Allison M Sklenar, Andrea N Frankenstein, Pauline Urban Levy, Eric D Leshikar

{"title":"Strength of social episodic memory influences subsequent social decisions.","authors":"Allison M Sklenar, Andrea N Frankenstein, Pauline Urban Levy, Eric D Leshikar","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2665729","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2665729","url":null,"abstract":"Many social factors influence decisions to approach or avoid social targets, but less research has directly investigated the impact of cognitive factors, such as memory, on such social decisions. Recent work has shown that social episodic memory (i.e., memory for specific details associated with specific social targets based on prior experiences) can influence subsequent approach/avoidance decisions. The goal of the current study is to investigate the influence of social episodic memory strength (i.e., comparing stronger versus weaker memory representations) on approach/avoidance decisions. In this investigation, participants viewed social targets represented by a face image and a trait-implying behaviour and formed positive or negative impressions of targets viewed twice (double presentation) or once (single presentation). Participants then completed two different memory measures (impression memory, behavior memory) followed by an approach/avoidance decision task. By presenting some targets twice and others once, this allowed us to compare stronger (double presentation) versus weaker (single presentation) social episodic memory representations on subsequent social decisions. Results showed support for the role of memory in approach/avoidance decisions (regardless of memory strength), where correct memory for targets associated with positive impressions induced approach decisions, whereas correct memory for targets associated with negative impressions induced avoidance decisions. Importantly, results further showed stronger impact of social episodic memory on decisions for targets seen twice relative to once, suggesting that stronger social episodic memory representations have a larger effect on approach/avoidance judgments. These findings add to a growing body of work suggesting that memory plays an essential role in social decision-making.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"725-739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The concurrent relationship of specific and detailed turning points and young adults' depressive symptoms: the moderating role of recollective experience. 具体和详细的转折点与年轻人抑郁症状的并发关系：回忆经验的调节作用

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-23 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2671999

Laurel Keats, Paul E Jose, Karen Salmon

{"title":"The concurrent relationship of specific and detailed turning points and young adults' depressive symptoms: the moderating role of recollective experience.","authors":"Laurel Keats, Paul E Jose, Karen Salmon","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2671999","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2671999","url":null,"abstract":"Recalling either a specific (unique, 24 h or less) turning point memory narrative or a turning point with greater episodic detail (who, when, where and what happened) has been shown to predict higher youth depressive symptoms. The current research with emerging adults (N = 195, M = 20.5 years), therefore examined first the relationships of specific and detailed turning points with depressive symptoms, and second, whether recollective memory qualities moderated the association. We hypothesised that both a specific turning point and greater episodic detail would each predict depressive symptoms when rated as more vivid, emotionally intense, intrusive, negative valence for self, and recalled with greater negative emotions. Moderation results partially supported our predictions. The positive association between specific turning points and depressive symptoms was significant only under high ratings of intrusiveness, negative valence for self, and a greater proportion of negative emotions during recall. In addition, the positive association between episodic detail and depressive symptoms was significant only under greater negative emotions during recall, whereas other self-ratings were not significant moderators. These findings shed light on the critical role of negative affect in the relationship between specific and detailed turning point narratives and higher concurrent depressive symptoms in emerging adults.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"760-772"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148005956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Picturing the past: the role of photo cue visual perspective on positive autobiographical memory recall in dysphoria. 描绘过去：照片线索视觉视角在焦虑症患者积极自传体记忆回忆中的作用。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-20 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2670371

Sarah Snow, Zachary Adolph Niese, Julie L Ji

{"title":"Picturing the past: the role of photo cue visual perspective on positive autobiographical memory recall in dysphoria.","authors":"Sarah Snow, Zachary Adolph Niese, Julie L Ji","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2670371","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2670371","url":null,"abstract":"Positive autobiographical memory plays a key role in emotional well-being and is distorted by cognitive processing biases in dysphoria. This experiment investigated how the visual perspectives (first-person vs. third-person) of personal photographs influence recall of positive memories depending on dysphoria. Eighty-five participants (42 low dysphoria, 43 high dysphoria) submitted photos of positive events from both perspectives. Later, participants recalled these events while viewing either a first- or third-person photo before rating and describing their memory. While first-person photos promoted more recall from an own-eyes vantage point regardless of dysphoria level, dysphoria was still associated with greater observer-like recall, reduced mental imagery and lower internal episodic detail. Additionally, dysphoria predicted less focus on the meaning of pictured events in general and lower positive and higher negative emotional impact of recalling the events in the presence of first-person photo cues. Thus, while photo cues can shift memory vantage point, memory emotional engagement remains constrained by mood-related biases.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"740-759"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147982010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

People remember their past performance, and predict their future performance, more positively when learning easier ideas first. 当人们先学习简单的概念时，他们会更积极地记住自己过去的表现，并预测自己未来的表现。

IF 1.9 3区心理学

Memory Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2026.2653722

Jackson A Cate, Kayla Jordan, Mevagh Sanson, Andrea Taylor, Maryanne Garry

{"title":"People remember their past performance, and predict their future performance, more positively when learning easier ideas first.","authors":"Jackson A Cate, Kayla Jordan, Mevagh Sanson, Andrea Taylor, Maryanne Garry","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2653722","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2653722","url":null,"abstract":"Beginners are often overconfident when judging their performance at a new skill. Why? One possibility is beginners draw on early experiences of fluency when recalling their past - and predicting their future - performance. We addressed this possibility in two experiments comprising three phases. First, we gave people a key piece of information: that many kanji, the Japanese language characters, look like their translation. Second, everyone guessed the translations of a series of kanji, ordered either from easiest (looks like its meaning) to hardest (looks nothing like its meaning), or the opposite. Third, everyone rated how well they performed translating those kanji, and predicted how well they would do in future scenarios requiring skill in kanji. We found people who translated easy kanji first thought they performed better guessing the translations, and were more confident in their ability at hypothetical future scenarios requiring reading kanji, such as understanding a recipe. Our findings extend our understanding of beginners' overconfidence, and have implications for teaching.","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"635-646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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