Microsystems & Nanoengineering最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced electrochemically-directed oligonucleotide synthesis via porous silica thin-film for DNA data storage.","authors":"Shijia Yang, Dayin Wang, Qiaoli Liu, Xuedong Lan, Zequan Zhao, Weidong Wang, Kai Xia, Xiuli Gao, Yuan Luo, Jianlong Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01456-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41378-026-01456-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA-based data storage has emerged as a promising alternative for long-term information archiving and its implementation accelerates the development for on-chip large scale oligonucleotide synthesis. Among various technological routes, electrochemically directed synthesis offers exceptional synthesis-site density thanks to its compatibility with semiconductor microfabrication processes. Yet increasing density typically comes at the expense of reduced per-site oligonucleotide yield, compromising the practical utility of these synthesis platforms for reliable data recovery. Here we report a porous silica thin-film strategy in order to address this fundamental trade-off by substantially increasing the effective on-chip synthesis surface area while preserving spatial confinement during electrochemically generated acid-mediated deblocking. The porous thin-film, fabricated via a sacrificial templating approach, forms an interconnected high-surface-area porous network that enables efficient reagent transport and stable electrochemical control. The presented method enables an areal oligonucleotide yield of more than 1821 pmol/cm², which represents more than 11-fold enhancement compared to a planar silica substrate. Moreover, this platform achieves comparable error statistics of deletion, insertion and substitution compared to other laboratory-built DNA data writing systems. Using this platform, we demonstrated parallel synthesis of 121-nt oligonucleotides and successful encoding, writing and error-corrected recovery of digital information. These results establish a scalable strategy for high-yield on-chip DNA synthesis and provide a practical pathway towards integrated molecular data storage systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and application of a smartphone-based thermal contrast amplification reader for photothermal lateral flow immunoassays.","authors":"Jiajie Liang, Peijun Teng, Lei Wu, Wanli Liang, Qifang Song, Guanbo He, Yanqiang Hao, Haorong He, Yaqi Wang, Yong He, Xiaoli Zhang, Xiangming Peng, Wei Xiao, Bing Zhu, Yong Tang, Daxiang Cui, Jianfu Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01450-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-026-01450-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high cost and poor portability of external infrared thermal imagers have limited the widespread adoption of photothermal lateral flow immunoassays (PT-LFIAs) in on-site testing. To address this, we developed a smartphone-based handheld Thermal Contrast Amplification (TCA) Reader, eliminating the need for costly external hardware. Compared with existing recent external thermal imager-based PT-LFIA readout, this reader integrates a selected thermal-sensor-equipped smartphone, a motorized laser module, Bluetooth-enabled control, and a fixed 3D-printed holder into a compact device. The reader enables automated thermal signal acquisition with a same-strip measurement CV below 1% and supports multiple PT-LFIA formats. Using Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs) as reliable photothermal labels, the handheld TCA reader-based PT-LFIAs (hT-PT-LFIAs) offers higher sensitivity compared to conventional LFIAs. The hT-PT-LFIAs can be used for the multiplex detection of viral antigens (Influenza A/B, SARS-CoV-2), small molecule drugs (morphine, methamphetamine, ketamine) and nucleic acids (HPV 16/18), demonstrating versatility across various LFIA formats, good clinical performance in training cohort, and high repeatability for small molecule assay. By seamlessly integrating micro-engineering, nanotechnology, and smartphone-based sensing, this work provides a low-cost, portable, and broadly applicable PT-LFIAs detection strategy that bridges a critical technological gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiated skeletal myotubes coupled with bimodal biosensing for dynamic functional evaluation of inflammatory myotube dysfunction.","authors":"Huimin Li, Cheng-Wen He, Haote Han, Wei Wei, Jiaru Fang, Ning Hu, Chong Teng","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01468-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41378-026-01468-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory skeletal muscle atrophy is a growing clinical challenge, driven by chronic inflammatory conditions and life-threatening illnesses that cause progressive muscle loss. This condition leads to premature muscle fatigue and a decline in muscle function, highlighting the necessity for highly sensitive diagnostic methods to detect impairment prior to the occurrence of structural damage. Conventional diagnostic methods, including electromyography, serum biomarker assays, and medical imaging, often fail to detect early and subtle alterations in myotube electrophysiological responsiveness because of limited temporal accuracy and insufficient target specificity. Furthermore, these techniques are limited in resolving dynamic electrophysiological fluctuations as well as characterizing the coupling between electrical signaling and intracellular calcium dynamics. Herein, we have developed an integrated bimodal biosensing platform that combines microelectrode array (MEA)-based electrophysiological recording with high-resolution, fluorescence-based calcium imaging. This platform performs coordinated and real-time tracking of extracellular field potentials and intracellular calcium transients across networks of differentiated C2C12 myotubes. Using an in vitro model of LPS-induced inflammatory skeletal muscle atrophy, LPS exposure progressively disrupted spontaneous electrical firing, field potential amplitude, and intracellular calcium transients in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Diclofenac, a clinically applied anti-inflammatory agent, effectively maintained both electrophysiological function and calcium homeostasis in myotubes under inflammatory stress. Therefore, our bimodal platform functions as a robust, real-time preclinical tool for the detection of incipient inflammatory myopathy. Its integrated capabilities enable the precise quantification of drug responses and the scalable screening of therapeutic candidates, thereby establishing a versatile, translationally-oriented platform for the investigation of skeletal muscle atrophy mechanisms and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain-engineered piezo-phototronic interface modulation in flexible GaN/monolayer MoS₂ heterostructures.","authors":"Peddathimula Puneetha, Siva Pratap Reddy Mallem, Yeo Jin Choi, Chanyeong Park, Seung Hwan Jang, Daekyu An, Dong Yeon Lee, Jaesool Shim, Sung Jin An","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01448-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41378-026-01448-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A flexible, strain-mediated, and photo-responsive device based on a heterostructure comprising a chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown MoS₂ monolayer and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)-grown GaN films is fabricated. By integrating the distinct piezo-phototronic properties of GaN with the excellent carrier transport characteristics of MoS₂, the device exhibits a synergistic response to both mechanical strain and optical excitation. Under compressive and tensile strain, piezo-polarization charges generated in the GaN layer effectively modulate interfacial charge transport at the MoS₂ monolayer, leading to significantly enhanced sensing performance. The device achieves ultrahigh gauge factors of 2224 and 3349 at a compressive strain of -0.25% under halogen and UV illumination, respectively, corresponding to ~11.1 and ~11.7 times higher sensitivity than standard metallic stain gauges. Furthermore, it demonstrates rapid electro-opto-mechanical responses, detecting halogen and UV irradiation with response and recovery times of 186/84 ms and 83/53 ms, respectively, under -0.25% compressive strain. These results reveal strong coupling between strain-induced polarization and photoexcited carrier dynamics at the nanoscale interface. This work provides new insights into strain-engineered interfacial charge modulation in low-dimensional heterostructures and establishes a promising platform for multifunctional, self-powered, ultra-sensitive and active flexible optoelectronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibody-detecting resistive biosensor for protein biomarkers.","authors":"Yi-Hsiu Kao, Reo Takahashi, Nguyen Van Toan, Takaaki Abe, Ioana Voiculescu, Takahito Ono","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01465-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-026-01465-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteins serve as important biomarkers for clinical diagnostics, and a simple detection method for point-of-care applications is highly desirable. We developed an antibody-detecting resistive biosensor that utilizes a conductive network of gold (Au) nanoparticles for the detection of protein biomarkers. The proposed biosensor comprises two electrodes bridged by a functional film comprising Au nanoparticles, a polymer matrix, and target-specific antibodies, and the nanoparticle concentration is selected within an experimentally identified percolation transition region to achieve high sensitivity to small changes in resistance. In experiments, the electrical response of the proposed biosensor showed reliable concentration-dependent behavior, consistent with charge-mediated modulation of electron transport within the conductive network. When applied to detecting urinary growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) as the target protein, the proposed biosensor exhibited a detection range of 23.4-1500 pg/mL and a fast response time of approximately 30 s, which would allow the tracking of dynamic changes in protein concentration. These results demonstrate that the proposed biosensor provides a simple and effective method for detecting various biomarkers in real time. The sensing concept may be extendable to other antigen-antibody systems, providing a potential general platform for biomolecular sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust structural superlubric interfaces under high current density, from understandings to applications.","authors":"Tielin Wu, Weipeng Chen, Yelingyi Wang, Dinglin Yang, Xiaoqi Yang, Deli Peng, Ze Liu, Cangyu Qu, Changheng Zhuang, Jin Wang, Xiaojian Xiang, Quanshui Zheng, Zhanghui Wu","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01455-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-026-01455-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Structural superlubricity (SSL) exhibits significant potential for applications in micro/nanoelectromechanical systems, switches, and sensors, owing to its characteristics of near-zero friction and zero wear. However, the deployment of the more universal 2D/3D SSL interfaces in efficient electronics is severely limited by an insufficient understanding of their electrical stability and failure mechanisms under high current density. In contrast to the Joule-heating-induced interlayer bonding that limits the critical current density in 2D/2D SSL interfaces, we report a fundamentally different failure mechanism for 2D/3D SSL interfaces under high current density: the interfacial Au layer melts and transitions from single-crystalline to polycrystalline state, which drastically increases surface roughness and thus causes a friction surge, severe graphite wear, and the eventual collapse of the SSL state. Notably, under this new failure mechanism, the critical current density of the interface increases by nearly an order of magnitude compared to that of 2D/2D SSL interfaces, exceeding 110 GA/m². Furthermore, we developed a high-power switch prototype that significantly outperforms conventional ones, demonstrating a critical step in translating SSL from principle to practice and paving the way for addressing contact issues in high-power, long-life electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architected conductive networks enabling tunable pressure sensitivity in stretchable sensor arrays for intelligent tactile perception.","authors":"Juntao Zhu, Haoting Zhang, Yuhan Bian, Qunchen Yuan, Jialong Shou, Ruiyang Chen, Mengxiao Chen, Liujing Zhuang, Ping Wang, Xiandi Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01454-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-026-01454-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stretchable sensor arrays are essential for bridging the physical environment with intelligent tactile perception in wearable electronics and soft robotics. However, achieving high sensitivity across a wide dynamic range remains a persistent challenge due to the inherent trade-offs in conductive network stability. Here, we report an architected sensor array featuring tunable sensitivity, enabled by a mixed-dimensional network comprising carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon black (CB). Diverging from single-filler systems characterized by abrupt conductivity transitions, this synergistic design employs CNFs as a structural skeleton and CB particles as interconnected tunneling bridges. Such geometric coupling effectively lowers the percolation threshold and establishes a gradual transition zone, which preserves mechanical compliance while ensuring stable electromechanical transduction. To mitigate crosstalk in large-scale matrices, a hardware-software integrated strategy is implemented, combining multi-channel scanning with an optimized equivalent circuit model. This approach facilitates algorithmic signal decoupling for high-fidelity pressure mapping and precise reconstruction of handwritten trajectories. This work provides a scalable strategy for engineering high-performance soft electronics with enhanced tactile intelligence.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband wearable acoustic sensing for continuous cardiopulmonary monitoring.","authors":"Pengfan Wu, Tao Liu, Dongxiao Li, Hanjie Dou, Jiaqian Yang, Hongliang Wang, Hengyu Guo, Xiaojing Mu","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01460-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41378-026-01460-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human body continuously generates weak, broadband acoustic-mechanical signals that encode rich cardiopulmonary information, yet their reliable capture in real-world settings remains constrained by motion artifacts, limited bandwidth, and suboptimal mechanical coupling. Here, we present a wearable, wireless stethoscope that enables high-fidelity acquisition of heart and respiratory sounds through a mechanically compliant, broadband sensing interface. The system is built on a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) engineered to achieve ultrahigh sensitivity (-167.5 dB), a wide operating bandwidth (10 Hz-10 kHz), and a flat frequency response (±0.5 dB), enabling accurate reconstruction of subtle physiological signals across a broad spectral range. Integration with soft, skin-conformal packaging and a robust wireless readout minimizes motion-induced noise and supports stable, long-term monitoring during daily activities. Validation across multiple participants demonstrates strong agreement with clinical-grade systems, including consistent auscultation at standard cardiac sites and accurate heart-rate tracking during dynamic exercise. Furthermore, coupling the sensing platform with a residual neural network enables automated classification of five respiratory states (awake, asleep, apnea, rhonchi, and wheeze) with an accuracy of 98.7%. This work establishes a scalable, low-cost framework for continuous, high-fidelity cardiopulmonary monitoring in real-world environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wearable closed-loop insulin micropump toward a miniaturized artificial pancreas for diabetes.","authors":"Ziyu Kuang, Xiangbin Kong, Tan Cao, Rui Lin, Zhihe Long, Tianyou Jiang, Xianchun Jin, Xinyu Xue, Zhangzhi Zhao, Meihua Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01463-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41378-026-01463-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of a fully autonomous artificial pancreas faces fundamental constraints from the bulky mechanical drives of conventional insulin pumps and the spatially separated glucose sensing unit. Herein, we report a wearable closed-loop insulin micropump that enables a miniaturized artificial pancreas for diabetes treatment. It seamlessly integrates an electrochemical micropump with an optical glucose-responsive microneedle (MN) sensor. The core actuation module features a novel semi-dry sandwich electrode configuration combined with a highly elastic latex membrane and a groove-type epoxy sealing architecture. This structural paradigm shift effectively eliminates bulk fluid flow and ensures robust hermeticity for precise, electrolysis-gas-driven, microliter-scale dosing with a precision of 0.5 μL. For continuous glucose monitoring, a polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyvinyl alcohol (PVP/PVA) hydrogel MN array functionalized with 9-anthracene boronic acid (9-ANB) is employed. The specific binding of interstitial glucose triggers measurable fluorescence quenching, which is precisely digitized by an integrated XYZ true-color sensor (detection range: 0-600 mg/dL). Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrate the platform's predictable, programmable delivery kinetics and excellent biocompatibility. In type 1 diabetic mouse models, a smartphone-controlled system by autonomously and effectively suppressed postprandial glycemic spikes, maintaining glycemic fluctuations within 25 mg/dL. This highly integrated, miniaturized design offers a compelling paradigm shift for next-generation, patient-friendly diabetes management systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated polyacrylonitrile fiber mat sensor for simultaneous temperature and pressure monitoring in high-temperature environments.","authors":"Zhaojun Liu, Bogang Liu, Xiaolong Liu, Chen Wu, Yuhe Liu, Meng Wang, Guoliang Zhou, Zhongkai Zhang, Zifei Liu, Bian Tian, Song Wang, Zhuangde Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41378-026-01452-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41378-026-01452-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flexible sensors capable of simultaneous temperature and pressure monitoring are highly desirable for electronic skin, wearable devices, and safety monitoring in high-temperature environments. However, existing flexible sensors are often limited by narrow operating temperature ranges, thermally induced signal interference, and insufficient durability under cyclic mechanical loading. This study develops a flexible wide-temperature-range temperature-pressure sensor based on polyacrylonitrile fiber mats. By combining laser processing or heat treatment, the electrical properties of polyacrylonitrile are regulated in situ, enabling its use as a multimodal sensing material. Temperature sensing is achieved through the thermosensitive effect of the treated polyacrylonitrile fiber mat, with a resolution of 0.1 °C in the temperature range of 25 °C-300 °C. Pressure sensing is realized through the piezoresistive response of polyacrylonitrile nanowires, featuring a measurement range of 0-480 kPa and response/recovery time of 53.2 ms/8.8 ms. After 10,000 loading-unloading cycles, the pressure-response attenuation remains below 1%, demonstrating good mechanical durability. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits reliable responses under dynamic thermal-mechanical coupling conditions and can be integrated with robotic grippers for simultaneous temperature and pressure perception. These results suggest that the proposed sensor holds promise for lithium-ion battery thermal management, industrial equipment condition monitoring, and emergency rescue applications in high-temperature environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18560,"journal":{"name":"Microsystems & Nanoengineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}