Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews最新文献

Microbial phenazines: biosynthesis, structural diversity, evolution, regulation, and biological significance. 微生物非那嗪：生物合成、结构多样性、进化、调控和生物学意义。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00147-23

Dmitri V Mavrodi, Wulf Blankenfeldt, Olga V Mavrodi, David M Weller, Linda S Thomashow

引用次数: 0

Genetic and environmental control of parasexual reproduction in the pathogenic Candida species. 致病性念珠菌种副性生殖的遗传和环境控制。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00002-25

Chengjun Cao, Li Tao, Tianren Hu, Haiqing Chu, Austin M Perry, Clarissa J Nobile, Guanghua Huang

{"title":"Genetic and environmental control of parasexual reproduction in the pathogenic Candida species.","authors":"Chengjun Cao, Li Tao, Tianren Hu, Haiqing Chu, Austin M Perry, Clarissa J Nobile, Guanghua Huang","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00002-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00002-25","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYCandida species are major yeast pathogens that cause both mucosal candidiasis and life-threatening invasive infections. Most Candida species, including Candida albicans, have long been thought to be \"imperfect\" due to the lack of a complete sexual reproduction cycle. Since the discovery of the mating type-like locus in C. albicans in 1999, the regulation of (para)sexual reproduction has been intensively investigated in this organism as well as in several phylogenetically closely related species. The (para)sexual cycle is not only critical for the generation of genetic and phenotypic diversity but is also involved in the regulation of other biological processes, such as morphological transitions, biofilm development, and virulence in pathogenic fungi. In this review article, we focus on the unique characteristics and genetic and environmental regulatory mechanisms of parasexual reproduction in the pathogenic Candida species. We discuss the relationship between the white-opaque switching and mating in the Candida species, particularly in C. albicans. We describe recent findings on environmental factors, genetic regulators, and key signaling pathways involved in sexual mating in C. albicans and related species. Finally, we discuss the mating potential and associated regulatory machinery in several Candida species, where parasexual reproduction has not been observed and bring to light some open-ended questions regarding the unique features of parasexual reproduction that should be addressed in future studies in the field.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0000225"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peptidoglycan polymerase function and regulation. 肽聚糖聚合酶的功能与调控。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00070-25

Mohammed Terrak, Frédéric Kerff

{"title":"Peptidoglycan polymerase function and regulation.","authors":"Mohammed Terrak, Frédéric Kerff","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00070-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00070-25","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYMost bacterial species possess two distinct types of glycosyltransferases (GTases or GTs), each with unique structural folds, which catalyze the addition of lipid II monomers to the anomeric reducing end of a growing glycan chain, ultimately forming β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These bonds link the GlcNAc-MurNAc-peptide disaccharide subunits of the peptidoglycan (PG) polymer. The first type belongs to the carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) GT51 family, which includes a lysozyme-like domain typically associated with a transpeptidase domain in bifunctional class A penicillin-binding proteins (aPBPs) and is occasionally found as a monofunctional GTase in certain bacteria. The second type, a C1-type GTase from the CAZy GT119 family, has a distinctly different structural fold and is composed of polytopic membrane proteins. These proteins also belong to the SEDS (shape, elongation, division, and sporulation) family and are characterized by 10 transmembrane segments and a large extracellular loop. In a single bacterial cell, multiple representatives of each family (aPBPs and SEDS) are typically present, often performing semi-redundant or distinct physiological functions. This review focuses on the structure-activity relationship of these two crucial PG GTases, the coordination between their GTase and the transpeptidase activities, and the regulatory mechanisms controlling these enzymes during cell growth and division within the elongasome and divisome complexes.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0007025"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational function prediction of bacteria and phage proteins. 细菌和噬菌体蛋白的计算功能预测。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00022-25

Susanna R Grigson, George Bouras, Bas E Dutilh, Robert D Olson, Robert A Edwards

引用次数: 0

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, food contamination, and bacteriophages as a control strategy. 产志贺毒素大肠杆菌、食品污染和噬菌体作为控制策略。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00244-25

Ana E Juarez, Alejandra Krüger, Paula M A Lucchesi

{"title":"Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, food contamination, and bacteriophages as a control strategy.","authors":"Ana E Juarez, Alejandra Krüger, Paula M A Lucchesi","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00244-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00244-25","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYShiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains cause diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. HUS is a severe systemic illness that can affect individuals of all ages, especially children. There is no specific treatment for HUS, and interventions consist of supportive therapy. STEC infections occur worldwide, and severe illness may occur in sporadic cases or outbreaks. In 2023, STEC was the third most frequently reported zoonotic agent detected in foodborne outbreaks in the EU. In this manuscript, we have focused on STEC reservoirs, STEC contamination of foods, source attribution of STEC infections, and current discussions about the pathogenic potential of STEC strains present in foods. Considering that food contamination with STEC represents a serious threat to public health, that preventive strategies for STEC infection are critical, and natural antimicrobials have gained increasing interest, we also present thoroughly revised information about bacteriophages as a strategy for STEC control. We also discussed the main aspects of the performance of commercial and non-commercial bacteriophages on foods artificially contaminated with STEC.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0024425"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polio virotherapy provokes MDA5 signaling and CD4⁺ T cell help to mediate cancer in situ vaccination. 脊髓灰质炎病毒治疗激发MDA5信号和CD4+ T细胞帮助介导癌症原位疫苗接种。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00040-24

Matthias Gromeier, Michael C Brown

{"title":"Polio virotherapy provokes MDA5 signaling and CD4+ T cell help to mediate cancer in situ vaccination.","authors":"Matthias Gromeier, Michael C Brown","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00040-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00040-24","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYThere is overwhelming evidence that antitumor CD8+ T cell responses can mediate effective tumor control. CD8+ T cell responses are quintessential defensive measures directed against categorically intracellular pathogens. It is thus intuitively obvious that viruses hold unique potential to mediate cancer in situ vaccination, the process whereby endogenous immune responses are provoked to empower antitumor immunity. Numerous attenuated viruses have been derived from diverse virus families and tested as intratumor \"cancer virotherapies.\" However, the mechanistic understanding of how viruses mediate cancer in situ vaccination -including whether such attenuated viruses maintain the capacity to subvert antigen presentation and T cell priming, a common, defining feature of their wild-type precursors that may limit in situ vaccination, as well as the role of innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses in mediating overall therapy benefit-remains largely undefined. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms, the unexpected benefit of profound attenuation, and the central role of both innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses in mediating polio virotherapy. In doing so, we aim to highlight the need for unraveling the enormous complexity and depth of virus:host interactions for devising rational strategies to leverage them for cancer immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0004024"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the complexities of neurotropic virus infection and immune evasion. 揭示嗜神经病毒感染和免疫逃避的复杂性。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00185-23

Abhishek Kumar Verma, Stanley Perlman

{"title":"Unraveling the complexities of neurotropic virus infection and immune evasion.","authors":"Abhishek Kumar Verma, Stanley Perlman","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00185-23","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00185-23","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYNeurotropic viruses, a diverse group of pathogens targeting the central nervous system (CNS), utilize multiple mechanisms to invade this highly protected compartment. These include hematogenous spread, retrograde axonal transport, and Trojan horse strategies, enabling viral entry and dissemination. Once within the CNS, these viruses interact with resident immune cells such as microglia and astrocytes, triggering type I interferon responses critical for antiviral defense. However, neurotropic viruses employ immune evasion strategies, including inhibition of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), suppression of interferon signaling, and disruption of antigen presentation pathways, allowing them to evade immune detection. These tactics facilitate their productive replication within the CNS and, in some cases, lead to persistent infections, often resulting in severe neurological consequences such as encephalitis and neuronal damage. This review explores these dynamic interactions and emphasizes future research needs, particularly in understanding virus-host interactions and developing targeted therapeutics to combat these pathogens effectively.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0018523"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry: implications for biomedical strategies. SARS-CoV-2进入的分子机制：对生物医学策略的影响

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00260-24

Irene Santamaria-Castro, Rocio Leiva-Rebollo, Sonia Marín-Wong, Jose M Jimenez-Guardeño, Ana Maria Ortega-Prieto

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry: implications for biomedical strategies.","authors":"Irene Santamaria-Castro, Rocio Leiva-Rebollo, Sonia Marín-Wong, Jose M Jimenez-Guardeño, Ana Maria Ortega-Prieto","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00260-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00260-24","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYThe mechanisms by which viruses enter host cells are crucial for their ability to infect and cause disease, serving as major targets for both host immune responses and therapeutic strategies. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry process is primarily driven by the binding of the viral spike (S) protein to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, in conjunction with the activity of endosomal cathepsin L and the serine protease transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Nevertheless, recent scientific advances have expanded our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 entry mechanisms, uncovering alternative receptors and novel cofactors that may enhance viral tropism and adaptability. Given the critical role of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein in mediating host cell entry, it has become a primary target for prevention and therapeutic strategies. However, the continuous spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of S protein variants that may potentially confer a fitness advantage or modify key aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology, such as transmissibility, infectivity, antigenicity, and/or pathogenicity, posing significant challenges to the efficacy of current interventions. In this review, we provide an updated and comprehensive overview of the latest advances in SARS-CoV-2 entry pathways and molecular mechanisms, exploring their implications for antiviral drug discovery, vaccine design, and the development of other biomedical strategies while addressing the challenges posed by the ongoing evolution of the virus.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0026024"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological relevance of in vitro cellular models to study varicella-zoster virus-host cell interactome: current limitations and future perspectives. 体外细胞模型研究水痘-带状疱疹病毒-宿主细胞相互作用的生物学相关性：目前的局限性和未来的前景。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00165-25

Jonas Govaerts, Charlotte Goethals, Elise Van Breedam, Catherine Sadzot-Delvaux, Peter Delputte, Benson Ogunjimi, Marielle Lebrun, Peter Ponsaerts

{"title":"Biological relevance of in vitro cellular models to study varicella-zoster virus-host cell interactome: current limitations and future perspectives.","authors":"Jonas Govaerts, Charlotte Goethals, Elise Van Breedam, Catherine Sadzot-Delvaux, Peter Delputte, Benson Ogunjimi, Marielle Lebrun, Peter Ponsaerts","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00165-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00165-25","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYWith varicella-zoster virus (VZV) being a strictly human-specific pathogen, in vitro cell culture models to study the VZV-host cell interactome predominantly rely on the use of primary human cells, immortalized cell lines, and-more recently-stem cell-derived models. In this work, based on literature reports published within the past 15 years, we attempted to summarize major lessons learned from in vitro VZV research, with a specific focus on whether and how a variety of host cells respond upon VZV infection at the cellular level. Following this specific approach, we describe the cellular events occurring following VZV infection in a neural cell type context, an immune cell type context, and a skin cell type context. Highly relevant, and for sure subject to the development of future VZV research, cell types within each of the three compartments reviewed display similarities but also significant differences in cellular response to VZV infection. Clearly, these need further clarification on a cell-type and/or VZV strain-specific level. Finally, to increase physiological relevance, we propose an integrated approach for future VZV-host cell interactome studies on a systems level by using advanced human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived skin, peripheral, and central nervous system compartments that can be complemented with an isogenic immune cell component. Combined with the implementation of state-of-the-art multi-omics analyses, as well as electrophysiological recordings, this next-generation toolbox for advanced virus-host cell interactome studies may help to elucidate important aspects of VZV biology, including the suggested link between VZV pathology and neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0016525"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How fungi see the world: fungal photoreceptors and their role in the regulation of fungal biology. 真菌如何看世界：真菌光感受器及其在真菌生物学调节中的作用。

IF 7.8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-25 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00149-22

Luis M Corrochano, Gabriel Gutiérrez, María Corrochano-Luque, Antonio Franco-Cano, David Cánovas

{"title":"How fungi see the world: fungal photoreceptors and their role in the regulation of fungal biology.","authors":"Luis M Corrochano, Gabriel Gutiérrez, María Corrochano-Luque, Antonio Franco-Cano, David Cánovas","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00149-22","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00149-22","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYFungi use light as a signal for the regulation of development, to guide the growth of reproductive structures, and to protect the fungal cell from DNA damage produced by light and UV radiation. Light perception requires the activity of photoreceptors that relay the light signal through transduction pathways into the cellular response. Fungi can see and react to a wide range of colors, but most fungi use blue light as their primary signal to regulate its photobiology. Examples of fungal perception of UV, green, and red light, like plants, have been documented and, in most cases, the photoreceptors responsible for these responses have been identified. Blue light is perceived through the activity of light-regulated transcription factors, the WC proteins, first identified in Neurospora crassa. Red light is perceived by phytochromes, a photoreceptor characterized in detail in Aspergillus nidulans. A novel type of rhodopsin, rhodopsin guanylyl cyclase (RGS) has been identified in the zoosporic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii. These types of photoreceptors, together with the blue-light photoreceptor cryptochrome, are widespread in fungi, suggesting that the ancestor of the fungi could see a wide range of colors. Gene duplication and specialization have allowed specific use of fungal photoreceptors in the regulation of fungal biology.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e0014922"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0