Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews最新文献_第10页

Molecular Virology of SARS-CoV-2 and Related Coronaviruses. 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型和相关冠状病毒的分子病毒学。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Epub Date: 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00026-21

Yu-An Kung, Kuo-Ming Lee, Huan-Jung Chiang, Sheng-Yu Huang, Chung-Jung Wu, Shin-Ru Shih

引用次数: 13

Mechanical Forces Govern Interactions of Host Cells with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens. 机械力控制宿主细胞与细胞内细菌病原体的相互作用。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00094-20

Effie E Bastounis, Prathima Radhakrishnan, Christopher K Prinz, Julie A Theriot

{"title":"Mechanical Forces Govern Interactions of Host Cells with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens.","authors":"Effie E Bastounis, Prathima Radhakrishnan, Christopher K Prinz, Julie A Theriot","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00094-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00094-20","url":null,"abstract":"To combat infectious diseases, it is important to understand how host cells interact with bacterial pathogens. Signals conveyed from pathogen to host, and vice versa, may be either chemical or mechanical. While the molecular and biochemical basis of host-pathogen interactions has been extensively explored, relatively less is known about mechanical signals and responses in the context of those interactions. Nevertheless, a wide variety of bacterial pathogens appear to have developed mechanisms to alter the cellular biomechanics of their hosts in order to promote their survival and dissemination, and in turn many host responses to infection rely on mechanical alterations in host cells and tissues to limit the spread of infection. In this review, we present recent findings on how mechanical forces generated by host cells can promote or obstruct the dissemination of intracellular bacterial pathogens. In addition, we discuss how in vivo extracellular mechanical signals influence interactions between host cells and intracellular bacterial pathogens. Examples of such signals include shear stresses caused by fluid flow over the surface of cells and variable stiffness of the extracellular matrix on which cells are anchored. We highlight bioengineering-inspired tools and techniques that can be used to measure host cell mechanics during infection. These allow for the interrogation of how mechanical signals can modulate infection alongside biochemical signals. We hope that this review will inspire the microbiology community to embrace those tools in future studies so that host cell biomechanics can be more readily explored in the context of infection studies.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9199418/pdf/mmbr.00094-20.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9475784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Advances in the Structural Biology, Mechanism, and Physiology of Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Modifications of Bacterial Membranes. 环丙烷脂肪酸修饰细菌膜的结构生物学、机理和生理学研究进展。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00013-22

John E Cronan, Tiit Luk

引用次数: 5

The ArcAB Two-Component System: Function in Metabolism, Redox Control, and Infection. ArcAB 双组分系统：新陈代谢、氧化还原控制和感染中的功能

IF 8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Epub Date: 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00110-21

Aric N Brown, Mark T Anderson, Michael A Bachman, Harry L T Mobley

{"title":"The ArcAB Two-Component System: Function in Metabolism, Redox Control, and Infection.","authors":"Aric N Brown, Mark T Anderson, Michael A Bachman, Harry L T Mobley","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00110-21","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00110-21","url":null,"abstract":"ArcAB, also known as the Arc system, is a member of the two-component system family of bacterial transcriptional regulators and is composed of sensor kinase ArcB and response regulator ArcA. In this review, we describe the structure and function of these proteins and assess the state of the literature regarding ArcAB as a sensor of oxygen consumption. The bacterial quinone pool is the primary modulator of ArcAB activity, but questions remain for how this regulation occurs. This review highlights the role of quinones and their oxidation state in activating and deactivating ArcB and compares competing models of the regulatory mechanism. The cellular processes linked to ArcAB regulation of central metabolic pathways and potential interactions of the Arc system with other regulatory systems are also reviewed. Recent evidence for the function of ArcAB under aerobic conditions is challenging the long-standing characterization of this system as strictly an anaerobic global regulator, and the support for additional ArcAB functionality in this context is explored. Lastly, ArcAB-controlled cellular processes with relevance to infection are assessed.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9199408/pdf/mmbr.00110-21.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9328388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Interplay of Multiple Positive and Negative Factors Governs Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. 多种阳性和阴性因素的相互作用决定了金黄色葡萄球菌对甲氧西林的耐药性。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00159-21

Bohdan L Bilyk, Viralkumar V Panchal, Mariana Tinajero-Trejo, Jamie K Hobbs, Simon J Foster

引用次数: 11

Computational Tools for the Analysis of Uncultivated Phage Genomes. 分析未培养噬菌体基因组的计算工具。

IF 8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Epub Date: 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00004-21

Juan Sebastián Andrade-Martínez, Laura Carolina Camelo Valera, Luis Alberto Chica Cárdenas, Laura Forero-Junco, Gamaliel López-Leal, J Leonardo Moreno-Gallego, Guillermo Rangel-Pineros, Alejandro Reyes

{"title":"Computational Tools for the Analysis of Uncultivated Phage Genomes.","authors":"Juan Sebastián Andrade-Martínez, Laura Carolina Camelo Valera, Luis Alberto Chica Cárdenas, Laura Forero-Junco, Gamaliel López-Leal, J Leonardo Moreno-Gallego, Guillermo Rangel-Pineros, Alejandro Reyes","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00004-21","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00004-21","url":null,"abstract":"Over a century of bacteriophage research has uncovered a plethora of fundamental aspects of their biology, ecology, and evolution. Furthermore, the introduction of community-level studies through metagenomics has revealed unprecedented insights on the impact that phages have on a range of ecological and physiological processes. It was not until the introduction of viral metagenomics that we began to grasp the astonishing breadth of genetic diversity encompassed by phage genomes. Novel phage genomes have been reported from a diverse range of biomes at an increasing rate, which has prompted the development of computational tools that support the multilevel characterization of these novel phages based solely on their genome sequences. The impact of these technologies has been so large that, together with MAGs (Metagenomic Assembled Genomes), we now have UViGs (Uncultivated Viral Genomes), which are now officially recognized by the International Committee for the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), and new taxonomic groups can now be created based exclusively on genomic sequence information. Even though the available tools have immensely contributed to our knowledge of phage diversity and ecology, the ongoing surge in software programs makes it challenging to keep up with them and the purpose each one is designed for. Therefore, in this review, we describe a comprehensive set of currently available computational tools designed for the characterization of phage genome sequences, focusing on five specific analyses: (i) assembly and identification of phage and prophage sequences, (ii) phage genome annotation, (iii) phage taxonomic classification, (iv) phage-host interaction analysis, and (v) phage microdiversity.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9199400/pdf/mmbr.00004-21.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9148261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcending Dimensions in Apicomplexan Research: from Two-Dimensional to Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cultures. 超越表皮复合菌研究的维度：从二维到三维体外培养。

IF 8 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Epub Date: 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00025-22

Carlos J Ramírez-Flores, Andrés M Tibabuzo Perdomo, Gina M Gallego-López, Laura J Knoll

{"title":"Transcending Dimensions in Apicomplexan Research: from Two-Dimensional to Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cultures.","authors":"Carlos J Ramírez-Flores, Andrés M Tibabuzo Perdomo, Gina M Gallego-López, Laura J Knoll","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00025-22","DOIUrl":"10.1128/mmbr.00025-22","url":null,"abstract":"Parasites belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum are among the most successful pathogens known in nature. They can infect a wide range of hosts, often remain undetected by the immune system, and cause acute and chronic illness. In this phylum, we can find parasites of human and veterinary health relevance, such as Toxoplasma, Plasmodium, Cryptosporidium, and Eimeria. There are still many unknowns about the biology of these pathogens due to the ethical and practical issues of performing research in their natural hosts. Animal models are often difficult or nonexistent, and as a result, there are apicomplexan life cycle stages that have not been studied. One recent alternative has been the use of three-dimensional (3D) systems such as organoids, 3D scaffolds with different matrices, microfluidic devices, organs-on-a-chip, and other tissue culture models. These 3D systems have facilitated and expanded the research of apicomplexans, allowing us to explore life stages that were previously out of reach and experimental procedures that were practically impossible to perform in animal models. Human- and animal-derived 3D systems can be obtained from different organs, allowing us to model host-pathogen interactions for diagnostic methods and vaccine development, drug testing, exploratory biology, and other applications. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in the use of 3D systems applied to apicomplexans. We show the wide array of strategies that have been successfully used so far and apply them to explore other organisms that have been less studied.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9199416/pdf/mmbr.00025-22.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9278342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Facts and Family Secrets of Plasmids That Replicate via the Rolling-Circle Mechanism. 通过滚动循环机制复制的质粒的事实和家族秘密。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00222-20

M Pilar Garcillán-Barcia, Radoslaw Pluta, Fabián Lorenzo-Díaz, Alicia Bravo, Manuel Espinosa

{"title":"The Facts and Family Secrets of Plasmids That Replicate via the Rolling-Circle Mechanism.","authors":"M Pilar Garcillán-Barcia, Radoslaw Pluta, Fabián Lorenzo-Díaz, Alicia Bravo, Manuel Espinosa","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.00222-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00222-20","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmids are self-replicative DNA elements that are transferred between bacteria. Plasmids encode not only antibiotic resistance genes but also adaptive genes that allow their hosts to colonize new niches. Plasmid transfer is achieved by conjugation (or mobilization), phage-mediated transduction, and natural transformation. Thousands of plasmids use the rolling-circle mechanism for their propagation (RCR plasmids). They are ubiquitous, have a high copy number, exhibit a broad host range, and often can be mobilized among bacterial species. Based upon the replicon, RCR plasmids have been grouped into several families, the best known of them being pC194 and pUB110 (Rep_1 family), pMV158 and pE194 (Rep_2 family), and pT181 and pC221 (Rep_trans family). Genetic traits of RCR plasmids are analyzed concerning (i) replication mediated by a DNA-relaxing initiator protein and its interactions with the cognate DNA origin, (ii) lagging-strand origins of replication, (iii) antibiotic resistance genes, (iv) mobilization functions, (v) replication control, performed by proteins and/or antisense RNAs, and (vi) the participating host-encoded functions. The mobilization functions include a relaxase initiator of transfer (Mob), an origin of transfer, and one or two small auxiliary proteins. There is a family of relaxases, the MOBV family represented by plasmid pMV158, which has been revisited and updated. Family secrets, like a putative open reading frame of unknown function, are reported. We conclude that basic research on RCR plasmids is of importance, and our perspectives contemplate the concept of One Earth because we should incorporate bacteria into our daily life by diminishing their virulence and, at the same time, respecting their genetic diversity.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8653906/pdf/mmbr.00222-20.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10370713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Evolutionary Morphogenesis of Sexual Fruiting Bodies in Basidiomycota: Toward a New Evo-Devo Synthesis. 担子菌性子实体的进化形态发生:一种新的进化- devo合成。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-03-16 Epub Date: 2021-11-24 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00019-21

Máté Virágh, Zsolt Merényi, Árpád Csernetics, Csenge Földi, Neha Sahu, Xiao-Bin Liu, David S Hibbett, László G Nagy

{"title":"Evolutionary Morphogenesis of Sexual Fruiting Bodies in Basidiomycota: Toward a New Evo-Devo Synthesis.","authors":"Máté Virágh, Zsolt Merényi, Árpád Csernetics, Csenge Földi, Neha Sahu, Xiao-Bin Liu, David S Hibbett, László G Nagy","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.00019-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00019-21","url":null,"abstract":"The development of sexual fruiting bodies is one of the most complex morphogenetic processes in fungi. Mycologists have long been fascinated by the morphological and developmental diversity of fruiting bodies; however, evolutionary developmental biology of fungi still lags significantly behind that of animals or plants. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on fruiting bodies of mushroom-forming Basidiomycota, focusing on phylogenetic and developmental biology. Phylogenetic approaches have revealed a complex history of morphological transformations and convergence in fruiting body morphologies. Frequent transformations and convergence is characteristic of fruiting bodies in contrast to animals or plants, where main body plans are highly conserved. At the same time, insights into the genetic bases of fruiting body development have been achieved using forward and reverse genetic approaches in selected model systems. Phylogenetic and developmental studies of fruiting bodies have each yielded major advances, but they have produced largely disjunct bodies of knowledge. An integrative approach, combining phylogenetic, developmental, and functional biology, is needed to achieve a true fungal evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) synthesis for fungal fruiting bodies.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8612260/pdf/mmbr.00019-21.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39907356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Chemotropism and Cell-Cell Fusion in Fungi. 真菌的趋化性和细胞-细胞融合。

IF 12.9 1区生物学

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00165-21

Manuella R Clark-Cotton, Katherine C Jacobs, Daniel J Lew

{"title":"Chemotropism and Cell-Cell Fusion in Fungi.","authors":"Manuella R Clark-Cotton, Katherine C Jacobs, Daniel J Lew","doi":"10.1128/mmbr.00165-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00165-21","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi exhibit an enormous variety of morphologies, including yeast colonies, hyphal mycelia, and elaborate fruiting bodies. This diversity arises through a combination of polar growth, cell division, and cell fusion. Because fungal cells are nonmotile and surrounded by a protective cell wall that is essential for cell integrity, potential fusion partners must grow toward each other until they touch and then degrade the intervening cell walls without impacting cell integrity. Here, we review recent progress on understanding how fungi overcome these challenges. Extracellular chemoattractants, including small peptide pheromones, mediate communication between potential fusion partners, promoting the local activation of core cell polarity regulators to orient polar growth and cell wall degradation. However, in crowded environments, pheromone gradients can be complex and potentially confusing, raising the question of how cells can effectively find their partners. Recent findings suggest that the cell polarity circuit exhibits searching behavior that can respond to pheromone cues through a remarkably flexible and effective strategy called exploratory polarization.","PeriodicalId":18520,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8826960/pdf/mmbr.00165-21.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10685452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6