Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise最新文献

{"title":"An Exercise Intervention May Counteract the Degradation of Nerve Conduction from Age-Related Disuse.","authors":"JoCarol E Shields, Claire M Smith, Shawn M Reese, Marcel L Dos Santos, Maria Parodi, Jason M DeFreitas","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003767","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose was two-fold: first, to determine the effects of resistance training on nerve conduction velocity (NCV), and second, to determine if changes in NCV are dependent on age. We hypothesized that training would result in faster nerve conduction in both young and older adults, albeit to a lesser extent in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight subjects (18-84 yrs) completed this study (training: n = 14 younger, 14 older; control: n = 12 younger, 8 older). Median motor NCV and maximal strength were recorded before and after 4-weeks of handgrip training in both limbs. Training was conducted 3×/week with the use of a grip training kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mixed-factorial ANOVAs revealed significant increases in NCV for both the young ( p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.749) and older training groups ( p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.679), but neither control groups (young: p = 0.353, Cohen's d = 0.326; older: p = 0.108, Cohen's d = -0.184).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that resistance training may be a viable method to counteract age-related nerve deterioration. These outcomes have the potential to improve quality of life and generate greater independence for our older populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Power Closely Approximates the Power Output at the Estimated Maximal Metabolic Steady State in Trained and Untrained Participants.","authors":"Brynn E A Lindstrom, Pablo R Fleitas-Paniagua, Gabriele Marinari, Letizia Rasica, Alessandro M Zagatto, Juan M Murias","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared estimations of critical power (CP) to maximal metabolic steady state (MMSSest) to see if the differences in the predictions were affected by training status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve trained (6 females) and 12 untrained and not experienced with maximal testing (5 females) participants underwent: i) a Step-Ramp-Step (SRS) test to task failure to determine maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) and peak power output (POpeak); ii) 4-5 time to task failure (TTF) trials at average power outputs (PO) ranging from 70 to 90% of POpeak for CP estimations; iii) 2-3 30-min constant PO rides to establish MMSSest as the highest PO at which oxygen consumption (V̇O2) and blood lactate concentrations ([La-]b) are stable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PO associated with CP was significantly greater than that associated with MMSSest in both untrained (155 ± 39 W vs. 147 ± 34 W, respectively) and trained (233 ± 37 W vs. 225 ± 39 W, respectively) individuals (p < 0.001). Both the untrained and trained groups displayed a similar and significant bias for MMSSest compared to CP (i.e., 7.5 W; p < 0.05), with 95% limits of agreement from -13 to 28 W, and -11 to 26 W for untrained and trained, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that, despite a significant (albeit small) difference between CP and MMSSest, the CP model provided a close approximation of the PO associated with MMSSest in both untrained and trained participants, as the difference in PO was within the expected measurement error. Therefore, our results showed that, despite some small discrepancies between groups, the CP model fitting was not affected by training status and that previous testing experience with highly demanding exercise is not a key component of the quality of the prediction model.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The American College of Sports Medicine's 2024 Annual Meeting Abstract Supplement.","authors":"","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Re-Examination of the Relationship Between Foot Strike Angle and Early Stance Loading Variables during Running.","authors":"Caleb D Johnson, Torstein E Dæhlin, Lauren K Sara, Katelyn I Guerriere, Leila A Walker, Stephen A Foulis, Julie M Hughes, Irene S Davis","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare nonlinear and piecewise linear models for FSA with VLR/VTA during running, controlling for competitive running experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>475 U.S. Army trainees completed surveys on their participation in sports and a running gait assessment on an instrumented treadmill while VLRs, VTAs, and FSAs were measured (via force plates, tibial-mounted accelerometers, and high-speed cameras, respectively). A 3-minute warm-up was given and then participants ran for one minute at 2.68-2.91 m/s, followed by 14 strides of data collection. Multiple regression was used to assess the prediction of VLR and VTA by FSA, including nonlinear/piecewise terms and controlling for competitive running experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A nonlinear, quadratic relationship was found for FSA x VLR (R2= 0.25, p<0.001) and VTA (R2= 0.14, p<0.001), and with a significant effect of running experience (p<0.02). Models showed similar shapes but better fit for those with (VLR: R2=0.38, VTA: R2=0.16) versus without (VLR: R2=0.21, VTA: R2=0.11) competitive running experience. Finally, VLRs peaked at similar FSAs as in previous work (≈10-12° current vs 5-10° previous). Piecewise linear regression produced similar results to quadratic models (R2 Difference< 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results show that nonlinear or piecewise linear models can be used to represent the relationship between VALR/VTA and FSA. While VLRs/VTAs were lowest with the lowest FSAs (i.e, most forefoot), participants with the highest FSAs (i.e., most rearfoot) showed reduced values compared to FSAs typical of a more moderate/flatter rearfoot strike pattern.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory Reweighting Revealed by Superior Parietal Cortex-Based Functional Connectivity in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Resting-State fMRI Study.","authors":"Xiao'ao Xue, Shanshan Zheng, Zikun Wang, Yushi Chen, Lin Chang, Ziyuan Wang, Chang Liu, Ziyu Lu, Rong Lu, Yang Sun, He Wang, Yinghui Hua","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) are believed to rely more heavily on visual input during postural control due to impaired somatosensory function; however, the neural mechanisms underlying sensory reweighting in CAI are not well understood. This study explored the neural and behavioral correlates of increased visual reliance in CAI through functional connectivity (FC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 37 patients with CAI and 36 healthy individuals. Participants underwent postural stability assessments using the single-leg stance test, both with their eyes open and closed. Traditional and modified Romberg ratios were calculated. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to estimate FC between the superior parietal cortex (SPC) and visual, sensorimotor, and cerebellar regions, as well as the coefficient of variation of these FCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with healthy individuals, patients with CAI displayed significantly higher visual reliance, as indicated by the traditional and modified Romberg ratios of sway length (Cohen's d = 0.47-0.57). Patients with CAI also exhibited stronger FC between the SPC and higher-level visual cortices (Cohen's d = 0.56-0.62) and more unstable coefficient of variation for FC between the SPC and the cerebellar anterior lobe (Cohen's d = 0.64). Subregion analysis revealed that variability in FC between subregions I-IV of the cerebellar anterior lobe and anterior lateral area 7 of the SPC was negatively correlated with the modified Romberg ratio in the anterior-posterior direction (r = -0.35) among the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed high visual reliance, strong yet variable SPC-based connections with visual cortices and variable SPC-based connections with the cerebellum among patients with CAI, suggesting that neural changes associated with sensory reweighting mechanisms underlie increased visual reliance during postural stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Velocity specific adaptations to three widely used strength training methods.","authors":"Glenn Trane, Stine Pedersen, Håkon André Mehus, Jan Helgerud, Runar Jakobsen Unhjem","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003630","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>We examined bench press adaptations to three widely used strength training methods; maximal strength training (MST), hypertrophy training (HT) and explosive strength training (EST). To reflect how these methods are typically applied by practitioners, MST and EST were volume matched, whereas HT were performed at higher volume.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-three moderately trained subjects (32 males; 31 females) were assigned into 8 weeks of MST, HT, EST or control (CON), 3 sessions/week. MST performed 4 x 4 repetitions bench press at ≥85% of 1RM. HT performed 3 x 8-12 repetitions at ∼70-80% of 1RM. EST performed 4 x 6-7 repetitions bench press throws at 40% of 1RM. Maximal-, explosive- and endurance strength characteristics were assessed, as well as muscle hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1RM increased more after MST (+21.5%) and HT (+17.9%) compared to EST (+5.9%) and CON (all p ≤ 0.001). Rate of force development (RFD) at 50% of 1RM increased more after MST (+58.4%) and HT (+38.9%) compared to CON ( p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05, respectively). Mean propulsive velocity (MPV) increased more after MST and HT compared to CON across all loads (20-80% of 1RM), and more than EST at 80% and 60% (all p ≤ 0.05-0.001). MST increased MPV more than EST at 40% of 1RM ( p ≤ 0.05). Δ1RM correlated with ΔMPV at all loads of the L-v profile ( r = 0.40-0.56, p ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MST and HT were more effective than EST for improving maximal strength and concentric velocity against moderate and high loads. At low loads, EST was not more effective than MST and HT, despite high degree of velocity specificity. Changes in muscle strength appear to be more important than velocity specificity to increase performance across the L-v profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postprandial Bioavailability and Efficacy of Recombinant Bovine β-lactoglobulin for Resistance Training-Induced Skeletal Muscle Adaptation in Young Adults.","authors":"Lucy M Rogers, Jonathan I Quinlan, Karen Lau, Archie E Belfield, Marie Korzepa, Sarkis J Hannaian, Ari Gritsas, Tyler A Churchward-Venne, Gareth A Wallis, Leigh Breen","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increasing concerns surrounding the environmental impact of animal- and plant-derived proteins warrants further investigations of alternative protein sources and their efficacy for supporting skeletal muscle anabolism. Herein, the postprandial amino acid bioavailability of a novel protein derived from recombinant bovine β-lactoglobulin (rBLG) was determined, alongside the muscle adaptive response to resistance exercise (RE) with rBLG, compared with dairy-derived whey (WHEY).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy adults (n = 8; age: 24 ± 4 yrs; BMI: 23.5 ± 2.1 kg·m2) completed a randomised crossover study and ingested 0.3 g·kg body mass-1 of rBLG or WHEY with arterialised blood sampled in the fasted state and 240 min postprandially for measurement of plasma amino acid concentrations via UPLC-MS. In a separate double-blind randomised parallel group design, 24 healthy adults completed thrice-weekly lower-body RE for 8 weeks, with twice daily supplementation of 0.3 g·kg body mass-1 rBLG (n = 12; age: 23 ± 6 yrs; BMI: 25.6 ± 3.4 kg·m2) or WHEY (n = 12; age: 25 ± 6 yrs; BMI 25.1 ± 3.1 kg·m2). Training-induced changes in muscle strength and DEXA-derived leg lean body mass (LBM) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma essential amino acid concentrations increased following protein ingestion (P < 0.001), but did not differ between trials (P = 0.554). Mean plasma leucine incremental area under curve was greater following rBLG compared to WHEY (mean diff(95%CI) 10727 (7738 to 13716) μmol·240 min·L-1P < 0.001). LBM and leg press 1RM increased following training (mean diff±SD: 0.65 ± 0.70 kg and 81.46 ± 42.81 kg, respectively; P < 0.05), with no differences between groups (P > 0.05). Training volume and daily protein intake did not differ between groups (P > 0.05 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data highlight rBLG, a sustainable, precision-engineered mimetic of dairy-derived whey as a novel protein source with the capacity to support skeletal muscle anabolism and exercise-induced remodelling similarly to dairy-derived whey.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response.","authors":"Christopher R Harnish, Gregory P Swinand","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003709","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running Distance and Biomechanical Risk Factors for Plantar Fasciitis: A 1-yr Prospective 4HAIE Cohort Study - Corrigendum.","authors":"Jan Plesek, Joseph Hamill, Michal Burda, Steriani Elavsky, Jiri Skypala, Jan Urbaczka, Julia Freedman-Silvernail, David Zahradnik, Jaroslav Uchyti, Daniel Jandacka","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003711","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Intensity Intervallic Exercise (HIIE) Is Superior to Isocaloric Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise (MICE) at Reducing Postprandial Hyperglycemia.","authors":"Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez, Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas, Laura Alvarez-Jimenez, Diego Mora-Gonzalez, Felix Morales-Palomo","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003625","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We investigated if a bout of high-intensity intervallic exercise (HIIE) is more efficacious at reducing postprandial hyperglycemia than an isocaloric bout of moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen healthy physically active individuals (21% women) completed three trials in a randomized order: i ) HIIE cycling consisting of five bouts of 4 min at 83 ± 9% of subjects' maximal oxygen consumption ( O 2MAX ) with active recoveries at 53 ± 8%, for a total of 50 min; ii ) MICE cycling at 65 ± 8% of O 2max for 50 min; and iii ) CONTROL no exercise. All trials were followed by a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ingesting 74 g of glucose traced with 1 g of uniformly labeled [ 13 C]-glucose. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and plasma glucose kinetics ([6,6 2 H 2 ] glucose infusion) were measured before exercise, during exercise, and during the OGTT. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by the Matsuda index (ISI). Energy expenditure and carbohydrate oxidation (CHOxid) were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At rest, blood glucose, insulin concentrations, and CHOxid were similar in all three trials. During exercise, energy expenditure was similar in HIIE versus MICE (548 ± 131 vs 560 ± 125 kcal; P = 0.340). However, CHOxid, plasma glucose concentration, and its rates of appearance in plasma (Ra) were higher in HIIE versus MICE (Ra glucose 34.3 ± 9.8 vs 28.9 ± 6.8 μmol·kg -1 ·min -1 ; P = 0.021). During the OGTT, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were lower, and insulin sensitivity was higher in HIIE versus CONTROL (ISI MATSUDA ; 12.4 ± 4.7 vs 10.8 ± 4.7 au; P = 0.007). Exercise delayed blood incorporation of [ 13 C]-glucose into blood ( P = 0.023). Early during the OGTT, glucose clearance rates were higher in HIIE versus CONTROL (7.1 ± 3.1 vs 5.5 ± 3.0 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 ; P = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HIIE is more effective than MICE to reduce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia after glucose ingestion. HIIE improves glycemic control by increasing splanchnic glucose retention and glucose clearance rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1019-1031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}