Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise最新文献

{"title":"Associations Between Characteristics of the Home and Physical Activity Behavior in Youth.","authors":"Russell R Pate, Marsha Dowda, Alexander C McLain, Natalie Colabianchi, Gail Woodward-Lopez, Edward A Frongillo","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Most children in developed countries fail to meet public health recommendations for physical activity. This study identified home, parent and family factors that are associated with physical activity in a large and diverse sample of U.S. children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Field staff conducted structured interviews with child/parent dyads (n=5138, mean age (SD) =9.28 (2.65) years) sampled from 130 U.S. communities. Children and/or parents reported children's participation in moderate to vigorous physical activities. Home, parent, neighborhood and child factors that were hypothesized to be associated with child physical activity were assessed. The study involved secondary analysis of data collected in 2013-2015. Data were analyzed in 2023-2025 using classification and regression trees (CART) to identify home-based factors that were cross-sectionally associated with children's MVPA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CART showed that children tended to be more physically active if they participated frequently in structured physical activity programs, rated themselves and their friends as physically active, and had parents who regularly provided transportation for them to be active.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Future interventions to increase children's physical activity should focus on promotion of children's participation in structured physical activity programs and parental provision of transportation of children to physical activity programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Prefrontal Oxygenation and Neuromuscular Fatigue to Incremental Cycling and Cognitive Testing Lead to Similar Cognitive Performance.","authors":"Thomas Goepp, Marie Nivet, Guillaume Y Millet, Mark Hayes, Thomas Rupp","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cognitive-motor dual-task performance is prevalent in many sports and appears to be impaired during high-intensity exercise, in association with central fatigue and cerebral deoxygenation. However, the extent to which these responses differ between males and females remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight well-trained adults (16 females) performed an incremental cycling test with a sustained-attention Mackworth task. The protocol consisted of 3-min ramp stages (starting at 1 W·kg -1, +0.4 W·kg -1 per stage) until an \"extremely strong\" perceived exertion was achieved (Borg CR100, task-failure). At each stage, cognitive performance (Mackworth score), quadriceps isometric maximal voluntary contraction (IMVC), neuromuscular fatigue (peripheral: twitch force, Pt; central: voluntary activation, VA) and prefrontal oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both sexes reached similar normalised power output (~3.3±0.5 W·kg -1) and heart rate (~175±7 bpm) at task-failure (all P≥0.25). Mackworth score declined at task-failure (P=0.014), with no sex differences (males: -9±28%; females: -4±28%; P=0.56). Prefrontal oxygenation was lower in females versus males (-3.0±2.6%; P=0.031), while females exhibited reduced prefrontal total-haemoglobin at task-failure (-9.1±4.4 ∆µmol; P=0.016). IMVC and Pt declined more in males (all P≤0.014), whereas VA decreased similarly in both sexes (P=0.62), concomitant with comparable increased perceived exertion (P=0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although high-intensity exercise similarly impaired sustained attention performance and VA, females conjointly exhibited reduced prefrontal total-haemoglobin and less peripheral fatigue for comparable perceived exertion. These results extend the understanding of women's reduced (primarily peripheral) fatigability to whole-body exercise under a challenging dual-task paradigm.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Ground Reaction Forces, Tibial Forces, and Clinician Perspectives on Tibial Bone Load During Common Rehabilitation Exercises.","authors":"Meredith K Owen, Katherine M Rodzak, Tereza Janatova, Lauren N Erickson, Camille C Johnson, Karl E Zelik, Brian Noehren","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004133","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Optimal healing after a tibia fracture depends on appropriate mechanical loading. Ground reaction force is often used as an indicator of expected tibia load, but it does not account for internal forces placed on the tibia from muscle contractions. Objectives of this study were to 1) characterize peak forces on the distal tibia during common exercises used for rehabilitation after lower extremity injury, 2) compare peak tibial force to peak ground reaction forces for each exercise, and 3) compare rank-ordered exercises based on tibial force to clinician expectations of tibial load.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (10 M/10 F) completed 16 rehabilitation exercises in standardized order while three-dimensional marker data and ground reaction forces were recorded synchronously. Physical therapists (n=12) completed a survey to rank the same exercises in order of expected tibial load. Compressive tibia force was estimated using a musculoskeletal model with ankle joint moment and ground reaction force as inputs. Exercises were ranked by peak tibial force and peak ground reaction force. Survey data were compiled to provide a clinician rank for each exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The relationship between peak tibial force and ground reaction force was not consistent across exercises. Clinician ranking of exercises by tibial load differed from the model-estimated order of calculated tibia force.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ground reaction forces are not a suitable surrogate for estimated distal tibia force across exercises, which may result in under- or over-dosing of load relative to recovery trajectory. This study provides a reference data set of estimated tibial force that can support clinicians' exercise prescription.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External Validation of an Injury Risk Prediction Algorithm in US Army Paratroopers.","authors":"Christopher W Boyer, Garrett S Bullock, Daniel I Rhon","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) pose a major threat to military readiness, affecting nearly 40% of personnel annually, driving over 5 million medical visits and 24 million limited duty days. Validated methods for identifying and preventing injuries are a priority for the Department of Defense.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To externally validate a previously developed prediction model for identifying MSKI risk in a U.S. Army airborne infantry brigade.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective cohort; model validation study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>U.S. Army paratroopers newly assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade (Nov 2022-Aug 2023) underwent baseline screening with a published risk prediction algorithm. The primary outcome was a duty-limiting MSKI within one year, identified through the Army's e-Profile database from the Medical Operations Data System. Model performance was assessed for discrimination, calibration, calibration-in-the-large, overall fit, and decision curve analysis, with internal validation using 2,000 bootstrap interactions. Performance was compared with the original model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>308 paratroopers were prospectively followed for one year (93,636 military exposure days), during which 30.7% sustained a duty-limiting musculoskeletal injury. The model demonstrated poor discrimination (AUC 0.59, 95% CI 0.52-0.66) and only marginal net benefit over a treat-all strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The model failed to discriminate injury risk (AUC 0.59) and did not provide reliable calibration or meaningful net benefit. This model does not justify implementation for injury risk screening in this specific setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Career and Healthcare Impacts of Hip/Pelvic Bone Stress Injuries Sustained During Basic Combat Training: A Case-Control Study in Graduates.","authors":"Garry F Dredge, Daniel I Rhon, Abe R Dummar, Brian W Noehren, Johanna M Hoch, Nicholas R Heebner","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip and pelvic bone stress injuries (BSIs) represent a small but clinically significant subset of overuse injuries sustained during U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT). However, the long-term military service and healthcare implications remain unclear. This study examined the impact of hip and pelvic BSIs sustained during BCT on subsequent military career outcomes and musculoskeletal healthcare utilization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, BCT graduates from fiscal years 2015 to 2017 were analyzed. Cases included 895 BCT graduates with MRI-confirmed hip or pelvic BSI, representing 63.6% of all BSI-diagnosed trainees; controls (n=2,685) were BCT graduates without BSI, matched 3:1 by age and sex. Adjusted logistic regression models evaluated differences in Advanced Individual Training (AIT) graduation, service retention, and satisfactory completion of obligated service. Time-to-discharge was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, and annual musculoskeletal healthcare encounters were compared using negative binomial regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with controls, trainees with MRI-confirmed hip and pelvic BSIs had significantly worse career and healthcare outcomes. BSI cases had significantly lower odds of graduating from AIT (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.18-0.41) and lower odds of satisfactory completion of obligated service (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.48-0.79) compared to controls. BSI cases had a higher risk of early discharge (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.30-1.60). Female cases demonstrated higher attrition and lower graduation rates than males. Musculoskeletal healthcare utilization was 2.6 times higher among BSI cases during the first post-BCT year (RR = 2.61, 95% CI: 2.31-2.96) and remained elevated through year three.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trainees who sustain hip or pelvic BSIs during BCT experience lasting negative impacts on military retention and healthcare utilization, despite successfully graduating from BCT. These injuries impose a disproportionate long-term burden, particularly among female trainees. Targeted prevention and comprehensive rehabilitation strategies are essential to mitigate their career and readiness impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Fitness to Cognition: Machine-Learning Prediction of Cognitive Performance Using Physiological Parameters in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Tzu-Cheng Yu, Wen-Lan Wu, Wen-Hsien Ho, Yu-Kai Chang, I-Hua Chu","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004024","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current cognitive tasks are not suitable for frequent monitoring of cognitive function in healthy adults. Increasing evidence suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular function, and autonomic regulation are associated with cognitive performance; however, these multidimensional relationships are challenging to interpret using traditional statistical methods. The present study examined the feasibility of using fitness-related physiological and cardiac autonomic indicators, together with interpretable machine-learning approaches, to assess relative cognitive performance in healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional sample of 240 adults, 39 physiological variables were recorded as input features. Trail Making Test (TMT) completion time was dichotomized at the median as the outcome variable. Four feature-selection strategies, correlation, mutual information, genetic algorithms, and recursive feature elimination, were combined with grid-tuned classifiers under stratified fivefold cross-validation and probability calibration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A random forest model with ten recursive feature elimination-selected features achieved 70.83% accuracy, 71.38% F1, and area under the curve = 71.2%, outperforming an untuned logistic-regression baseline model. SHAP-based interpretation indicated that older age, higher systemic vascular resistance, and higher resting heart rate shifted predictions toward the longer TMT-time group, whereas greater stroke volume, cardiac output, high-frequency power, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia shifted predictions toward the shorter TMT-time group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physiological parameters related to cardiovascular and autonomic function showed moderate ability to discriminate relative TMT-based performance groups in healthy adults, supporting the feasibility of physiology-based cognitive assessment. Several key features identified by the model are modifiable through exercise and lifestyle interventions, suggesting potential translational value. With further validation and refinement, including evaluation of wearable-accessible physiological features, such models may support lower-burden monitoring and future personalized cognitive-health applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"2048-2062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13446916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Since Childhood and its Association with Changes in Midlife Cognitive Functions: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Heidi J Syväoja, Tuuli H Suominen, Tuomas Kukko, Marja A Heiskanen, Jaakko Nevalainen, Katja Pahkala, Xiaolin Yang, Juha Mykkänen, Jorma Viikari, Markus Juonala, Mika Kähönen, Tomi P Laitinen, Päivi Tossavainen, Eero Jokinen, Terho Lehtimäki, Ari Ahola-Olli, Olli T Raitakari, Suvi P Rovio, Tuija H Tammelin","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004020","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine whether cumulative physical activity (PA) in youth, adulthood, or from childhood to midlife is associated with cognitive changes in midlife. We further investigated whether cumulative PA in youth or adulthood was independently related to cognitive changes and whether these associations differed by sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data ( n = 1353, 57% females) from the longitudinal, population-based cardiovascular risk in Young Finns Study, initiated in 1980. Cognitive functions (learning and memory, working memory, reaction time, and information processing) were evaluated using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery in 2011 and 2018. PA was assessed with a standardized questionnaire in all study phases (1980-2018), with repeated measurements conducted at 3- to 9-yr intervals. Cumulative PA was determined for youth (ages 9-24), adulthood (ages 24-48), and life course (ages 9-48). Associations were analyzed using linear regression models with standardized variables, adjusted for age, education, cardiometabolic risk factors, health behaviors, and a polygenic risk score for cognitive function. Models of cumulative PA in youth and adulthood were additionally adjusted for each other.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher life-course PA was associated with a smaller decrease in information processing in midlife (β = 0.08, P = 0.003; each unit increase in PA corresponded to a predicted 3-yr advantage in information processing). Moreover, higher life-course PA was associated with a smaller decrease in working memory among males (β = 0.09, P = 0.040; a predicted 2.7-yr advantage in working memory). Life-course PA was not associated with other cognitive functions. Youth PA showed no association with cognitive changes after adjusting for adulthood PA, and vice versa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that individuals with higher life-course PA experience a smaller decrease in executive aspects of cognitive function during midlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1927-1936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13446910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting DXA-Derived Body Composition in Older Women Using Anthropometry-Based Linear Regularized Regression.","authors":"Felipe Lisboa, Natã Stavinski, Analiza M Silva, Witalo Kassiano, Manuel J Coelho-E-Silva, Aline Prado, Alex Silva Ribeiro, Ingrid Manske, Alexandre Miguel, Melissa Antunes, Leticia T Cyrino, Luis Alberto Gobbo, Luís B Sardinha, Edilson S Cyrino","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to develop and validate Elastic Net-based predictive models using simple anthropometric measurements to estimate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived body composition variables in older women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Body mass, skinfolds, circumferences, and DXA measures of total and regional fat mass (FM) and lean soft tissue (LST) were obtained from 523 older women. Elastic Net regression developed models for total body, upper- and lower-limb FM and LST, and android and gynoid FM. The sample was split into training, validation, and independent testing sets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elastic Net models demonstrated high predictive accuracy for DXA-derived body composition. Coefficients of determination were strong for total FM and LST (R² ≥ 0.884), and good for regional compartments (R²≥ 0.711). Root mean square errors were low across outcomes (0.272-1.858 kg). Bland-Altman analyses showed minimal mean bias for most variables, except for lower-limb FM and android FM, which presented small but significant biases (≤ 2.78 %). Proportional bias was identified in some models, although the explained variance remained low (≤22%). Limits of agreement were narrow for total body estimates (≤11.73%), while wider limits were observed for segmental measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elastic Net-based models provide accurate estimates of total body composition and acceptable estimates of regional compartments, although regional predictions showed greater individual variability than total body estimates. However, these prediction equations should be interpreted as internally validated models intended primarily for screening and research applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects Of Soft/Quiet Running Cues Versus Changing to a Forefoot Strike Pattern on Gait Mechanics.","authors":"Lucas Sarantos, David J Zeppetelli, Cole A Dempsey, Lauren K Sara, Caleb D Johnson","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare changes in running biomechanics between two gait modifications: cues to run softly and quietly (SOF) and shifting to a forefoot strike pattern (FFS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight individuals completed testing, including running with habitual gait (HAB) and the two gait modifications, while biomechanical data were collected. Variables of interest included joint angles and moments, knee stiffness, and ground reaction forces. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare gait conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SOF condition showed higher peak knee flexion angles and excursion, foot strike angles (vs. HAB and FFS), and higher peak and initial contact ankle dorsiflexion angles, peak eversion angles, and lower initial contact ankle inversion angles (vs. FFS). The FFS condition resulted in a more plantarflexed and inverted ankle at initial contact, as well as a more plantarflexed foot. The SOF condition resulted in reduced peaks and loading rates for vertical and posterior forces, however FFS led to reduced vertical loading rates compared to HAB and SOF. For joint moments, the SOF condition showed increased hip flexion and extension moments and reduced knee stiffness (vs. HAB and FFS), and reduced ankle plantarflexion moments (vs. FFS). The FFS condition also showed increased knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion moments compared to HAB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SOF modification was shown to be a viable alternative to FFS for reducing several key aspects of biomechanical loading during running, including sagittal knee and ankle moments and knee stiffness, as well as peaks and loading rates for vertical and posterior ground reaction forces. However, the increases in hip joint moments should lead to some caution and warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More Pain, Less Strength: Higher Pain is Associated with Lower Knee Extensor Strength in Adolescents with Patellofemoral Pain-a Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Samual A Kayll, Rana S Hinman, Adam L Bryant, Kim L Bennell, Fiona McManus, Patrick L Rowe, Kade L Paterson","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000004125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000004125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Assess differences in lower limb strength between adolescents with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP) and explore the association between strength and pain in adolescents with PFP.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and two male and female (n=24) adolescents aged 12-19 (mean=17 years ± 2) participated in this cross-sectional study (n=51 with PFP and n=51 age- and sex-matched controls). Strength was measured as peak isometric torque (Nm) using an isokinetic dynamometer during knee extension/flexion, and ankle plantar flexion. The worst pain in the previous week was rated on an 11-point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst pain imaginable). Differences in strength between participants with and without PFP, as well as associations between strength measures and pain in adolescents with PFP, were investigated using separate linear regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, and body weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) knee extension strength was 18.2 (3.6-32.8)Nm less in adolescents with PFP than in controls. For every one-point increase in pain, there was a mean (95% CI) adjusted reduction of 8.0 (15.4-0.6)Nm and an unadjusted reduction of 12.6 (23.5-1.7)Nm of knee extension torque in the PFP group. There were no between-group differences or associations between strength and pain for the other strength measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents with PFP may have lower knee extension strength than their pain-free counterparts. Higher pain may be associated with lower knee extension strength in adolescents with PFP. Future research may investigate whether increases in knee extension strength in adolescent PFP mediate improvements in pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}