Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise最新文献

{"title":"Response.","authors":"Christopher R Harnish, Gregory P Swinand","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003709","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003709","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BEETter AGING: Short-Term Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Enhances Muscle Contractile Properties in Older But Not in Young Adults.","authors":"Letizia Rasica, Marta Colosio, Alessandra Ferri, Giovanni Baldassarre, Chris Easton, Mia Burleigh, Gianluca Vernillo, Roberto Bottinelli, Mauro Marzorati, Simone Porcelli","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003708","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dietary nitrate (NO 3- ) supplementation has been shown to improve skeletal muscle contractile function and reduce fatigue, potentially due to alterations in skeletal muscle Ca 2+ handling/sensitivity. Because aging muscle can have impaired Ca 2+ handling, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of dietary NO 3- supplementation on muscle contractile properties in young and older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eleven older (69 ± 4 yr, O) and 11 young (26 ± 2 yr, YG) adults consumed either NO 3- -rich beetroot juice (BR) or placebo (PLA), for 7 d. After supplementations, plantar flexors of dominant leg were evaluated as follow: a) maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), b) potentiated single twitches (Tw pot ) and double twitches electrical stimulations at the frequency of 100 Hz (Db 100 ) on the tibial posterior nerve, c) a fatigue isometric (70% of MVIC) test until exhaustion. The force-frequency relationship was assessed with trains of electrical pulses across a wide range of frequencies on the muscle belly of the nondominant leg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BR supplementation increased plasma [NO 3- ] and nitrite [NO 2- ] in both O and YG compared with PLA (more than sevenfold; all P ≤ 0.02). No changes were observed in MVC, Tw pot , and Db 100 force after BR compared with PLA in both YG and O. Only in O, Db 100 area under the curve (-7 ± 6 N·s change from PLA) and half relaxation time (-0.05 ± 0.06 s change from PLA) were significantly reduced, and time to exhaustion (+32 ± 43 s change from PLA) was significantly longer (all P < 0.02) after BR. In O, BR also significantly increased submaximal force produced by trains of electrical pulses ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NO 3- supplementation positively affects muscle contractile proprieties, submaximal electrically evoked force production, and fatigue resistance in older adults, whereas these positive results were not found in young.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1721-1731"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Biomechanical Interactions between Bones, Patellar Tendon, and Cartilage Surfaces at the Knee during Cycling.","authors":"Tung-Wu Lu, Kuan-Hsien Wu, Mei-Ying Kuo, Jia-DA Li, Hsuan-Yu Lu, Horng-Chaung Hsu","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003713","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Stationary cycling is essential in rehabilitation programs for various patient groups, such as knee osteoarthritis and cruciate ligament injuries and reconstruction. The study aimed to measure in vivo the 3D rigid-body and articular surface kinematics of the knee and the patellar tendon orientations during stationary cycling and isolated flexion-extension exercise in healthy young adults using a model-based tracking approach with dual-plane fluoroscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten healthy left knees were imaged by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to reconstruct subject-specific volumetric bone-cartilage models. The 3D rigid-body and articular surface kinematics and patellar tendon angles during stationary cycling and isolated knee flexion-extension exercise were measured in vivo using a dual-plane fluoroscopy with a voxel-based registration method, compared between tasks and between power and recovery phases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in the rigid-body and surface kinematics and patellar tendon orientations were found between the power and recovery phases and between the power phase and isolated knee extension. Compared with the recovery phase, the power phase showed significantly greater external rotations, adductions, and posterior translations for flexions greater than 45° ( P < 0.05) with significantly more posterior medial and lateral contact positions for flexion angles less than 45° ( P < 0.05) and more vertical patellar tendon orientations for flexion angles lesser than 60° ( P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The contact locations and loads on the posterior half of the tibial articular surface during the first half of the power phase indicate that stationary cycling as a daily and rehabilitative exercise is safe for people with anterior medial knee osteoarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1743-1754"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiometabolic Benefit of Replacing Sedentary Time with Light-Intensity Physical Activity: Compositional Data Analysis of the Nijmegen Exercise Study.","authors":"Koen M VAN DER Sluijs, Janneke I A Vloet, Dick H J Thijssen, Thijs M H Eijsvogels, Esmée A Bakker","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003705","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The cardiometabolic benefits of replacing sedentary time with light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) are unclear. We studied the associations of hypothetically reallocating sedentary time toward LIPA with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors using thigh-worn accelerometery. We also explored whether reallocation effects differed across subgroups with low, moderate, and high sedentary time and compared proportionally similar reallocations to either LIPA or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed physical behaviors across 8 consecutive days using thigh-worn accelerometers among adults from the Nijmegen Exercise Study. Multiple cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed and categorized as 1) anthropometrics, 2) cardiovascular biomarkers, and 3) glucose metabolism. Reallocation effects were estimated for each cardiometabolic risk factor using compositional isotemporal substitution models adjusted for confounders. Analyses were repeated in sedentary time subgroups, that is, <8.5, 8.5-10, and >10 h·d -1 .</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 1041 participants (64 (standard deviation 11) yrs; 39.5% female). Reallocating sedentary time toward LIPA was associated with improvements in anthropometrics, some cardiovascular biomarkers, and glucose metabolism; for example, replacing 60 min·d -1 of sedentary time with LIPA was associated with improvements in body mass index (-0.28 (-0.42 to -0.13) kg·m -2 ), estimated glomerular filtration rate (0.68 (0.15 to 1.20) mL·min -1 ·1.73m -2 ), and glucose (-0.05 (-0.08 to -0.03) mmol·L -1 ). Trends suggested that reallocation benefits were strongest in those with >8.5 h·d -1 of sedentary time. Proportionally similar replacements of sedentary time with either LIPA or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with similar cardiometabolic benefits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reallocation of sedentary time to LIPA was associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, predominantly in anthropometrics and glucose metabolism, with greater benefits in the most sedentary individuals. Time reallocation from sedentary time to LIPA may be an effective and arguably feasible strategy to improve population-wide cardiometabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1711-1720"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Running Speed and Time Postoperatively on Lower Extremity Work in Collegiate Athletes after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Keith A Knurr, Daniel G Cobian, Stephanie A Kliethermes, Mikel R Joachim, Bryan C Heiderscheit","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003695","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), individuals present with significant and persistent deficits in surgical knee biomechanics during running. Little is known regarding the role of the hip and ankle in compensating for these knee-specific deficits. The purpose of this study was to characterize how limb (surgical and nonsurgical), time postoperatively (3.5-7 months [EARLY], 8-13 months [LATE]), and running speed influence lower extremity joint-specific and total work during running post-ACLR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-six Division I collegiate athletes post-ACLR (EARLY: n = 41; LATE: n = 42; both: n = 27) completed running analyses at 2.68, 2.95, 3.35, 3.80, and 4.47 m·s -1 or up to their maximum comfortable speed. Linear mixed effects models assessed the influence of limb, speed, time post-ACLR, and their interactions on hip, knee, ankle, and total negative work and positive work.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surgical limb hip positive work was greater (0.044 J·kg -1 [95% CI = 0.015-0.074], P < 0.001) than the nonsurgical limb EARLY. Surgical limb ankle negative (-0.054 J·kg -1 [-0.093 to -0.015], P = 0.003) and positive work (-0.115 J·kg -1 [-0.168 to -0.063], P < 0.001) were less than the nonsurgical limb EARLY. Surgical limb knee negative (EARLY: -0.339 J·kg -1 [-0.382 to -0.296], P < 0.001; LATE: -0.222 J·kg -1 [-0.265 to -0.180], P < 0.001) and positive work (EARLY: -0.214 J·kg -1 [-0.246 to -0.182], P < 0.001; LATE: -0.142 J·kg -1 [-0.174 to -0.110], P < 0.001) were less than the nonsurgical limb. Total negative work and positive work followed the same pattern as the knee.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Athletes post-ACLR exhibited greater hip positive work and lesser ankle positive work and negative work during running of the surgical limb EARLY, which resolved LATE. Both knee and total negative work and positive work of the surgical limb were substantially less than the nonsurgical limb, which improved from EARLY to LATE, but between-limb asymmetries remained.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1626-1635"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running Economy Benefits of Advanced Footwear Technologies Remain over a Prolonged Run in Highly Trained Distance Runners - A Randomized Crossover Trial.","authors":"Lars C Schwalm, Dominik Fohrmann, Marcelle Schaffarczyk, Antonia Herrmann, Thomas Gronwald, Karsten Hollander","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Running economy (RE) improvements in advanced footwear technologies (AFTs) have been investigated during short running bouts, while performance enhancing effects may be greater over longer distances. Therefore, the aim was to compare RE and biomechanics during a 90-min run between AFTs and traditional shoes in highly trained distance runners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine highly trained distance runners (5 females) visited our laboratory on two separate sessions within 14 days. In each session, they performed a submaximal threshold assessment treadmill test, followed by a 90-min treadmill run. We used linear mixed effects models (with random intercepts for participants) to examine the effects of time, shoe condition, and their interaction on energetic cost of transport (ECOT) and biomechanical measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (age: 32.4 ± 8.4y, body mass index: 20.8 ± 1.2 kg/m2) had a mean maximal World Athletics score of 930 ± 84points, corresponding to 10 km times (min:s) of 30:17 and 36:09 for males and females. ECOT was different between AFT and Non-AFT (β = 0.57 (0.41 to 0.72), p = 0.009) throughout 15 to 90 min. On average, ECOT was 3.18% (95% CI: 2.14 to 4.22) lower in the AFTs compared to the non-AFT condition. Over time, ECOT (β = 0.30 (0.19 to 0.41), p < 0.001) increased by 5.63% (95% CI: 3.00 to 8.27) across both shoe conditions, but was not shoe-dependent (ECOT: p = 0.553). With AFTs, step rate was lower (β = 0.13 (0.04 to 0.21), p = 0.030), flight time longer (β = -0.08 (-0.14 to -0.03), p < 0.001), and contact time (β = 0.05 (-0.00 to 0.11), p = 0.001) shorter than with non-AFTs, but differences disappeared over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were no differences between shoe conditions in deterioration of RE during the 90-min run, but AFTs maintained their beneficial properties in RE over time and therefore are probably a good choice for long distances.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulations Reveal how Touchdown Kinematic Variables affect Top Sprinting Speed: Implications for Coaching.","authors":"Nicos Haralabidis, Ashton J Eaton, Scott L Delp, Jennifer L Hicks","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003797","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sprint performance is a priority for coaches and athletes. Several kinematic variables, including horizontal touchdown distance (HTD) and inter-knee touchdown distance (IKTD), are targeted by coaches to increase top sprinting speed. However, the results of past research are conflicting, potentially due to the use of experimental inter-athlete study designs where it is not possible to establish cause-effect relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we used a predictive simulation approach to assess cause-effect relationships between HTD and IKTD and sprinting speed. We scaled a three-dimensional musculoskeletal model to match the anthropometry of an international caliber male sprinter and generated predictive simulations of a single symmetric step of top-speed sprinting using a direct collocation optimal control framework. We first used our simulation framework to establish the model's top speed with minimal constraints on touchdown kinematics (the optimal simulation). Then, in additional simulations we enforced specific HTD or IKTD values (± 2, 4 and 6 cm compared to optimal).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model achieved a top speed of 11.85 m·s -1 in the optimal simulation. Shortening HTD by 6 cm reduced speed by 7.3%, while lengthening HTD by 6 cm had a smaller impact on speed, with a 1.6% reduction. Speed in the simulation was insensitive to the IKTD changes we tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of our simulations indicate there is an optimal HTD to maximize sprinting speed, providing support for coaches and athletes to adjust this technique variable. Conversely, our results do not provide evidence to support utilizing IKTD as a key technique variable for speed enhancement. We share the simulation framework so researchers can explore the effects of additional modifications on sprinting performance ( https://github.com/nicos1993/Pred_Sim_Sprinting ).</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Changes in 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Cognitive Function during Retirement Transition: Longitudinal Compositional Data Analysis.","authors":"Lotta Palmberg, Kristin Suorsa, Tuija Leskinen, Jesse Pasanen, Suvi Rovio, Sari Stenholm","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transitioning to retirement may change physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, i.e., 24-h movement behaviors, but it is unknown whether these changes are linked to cognitive function. This study investigates the longitudinal associations between changes in 24-h movement behaviors and cognitive function during the retirement transition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study population consisted of public sector workers (n = 147, mean age 63.3 years, SD 1.0) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study. A thigh-worn Axivity accelerometer was used to estimate daily time in sleep, sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) before and after retirement (one year in-between). Similarly, computerized Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery was conducted repeatedly to evaluate six cognitive domains: learning and memory, working memory, sustained attention and information processing, executive function and cognitive flexibility, and reaction time. Associations between changes in 24-h movement behaviors and cognitive function were analyzed using compositional linear regression and isotemporal substitution analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An increase in active (LPA and MVPA) relative to passive behaviors (sleep and SED) and SED relative to sleep were associated with improvement in reaction time (βilr = 0.21, p = 0.04, βilr = 0.55, p = 0.02). Especially reallocating time from sleep to other behaviors showed positive associations. For instance, reallocating 30 min from sleep to other behaviors was associated with 0.05 standardized unit improvement in reaction time. No associations between changes in movement behaviors and changes in any other cognitive domain were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reallocating time from sleep to other behaviors during retirement transition was associated with improvement in reaction time. Further studies are needed to examine long-term consequences of changes in 24-h movement behaviors for cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition, Not Body Mass Index, Is Associated with Clinical Outcomes Following ACL Reconstruction.","authors":"Ashley N Buck, Sam R Moore, Abbie E Smith-Ryan, Todd A Schwartz, Amanda E Nelson, Hope Davis-Wilson, J Troy Blackburn, Brian Pietrosimone","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003670","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Determine the associations of body mass index (BMI) and body composition (lean and fat mass) with i ) patient-reported outcomes, ii ) quadriceps strength, and iii ) physical performance in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-four individuals participated (56% female; 22 ± 4 yr; % body fat: 22.9% ± 6.7%). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to measure percent lean (%LM) and fat (%FM) mass for the whole-body, and the whole-limb and thigh region of the ACLR limb. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) subscales were used to evaluate patient-reported outcomes. Isometric quadriceps strength (maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC)) was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer with the knee flexed at 90°. Single-leg hop (SLH) distance was used to evaluate physical performance. Spearman rank correlations were used to separately evaluate the associations between BMI and body composition with KOOS, MVIC, and SLH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMI was not significantly associated with KOOS, MVIC, or SLH ( P > 0.05). Greater whole-body %LM was associated with greater MVIC and SLH, whereas greater whole-body %FM was associated with worse KOOS Activities of Daily Life, MVIC, and SLH ( P < 0.05). Greater whole-limb %LM was associated with greater MVIC, whereas greater whole-limb %FM was associated with worse KOOS Symptoms, Pain, Quality of Life, and MVIC ( P < 0.05). Greater thigh %LM was associated with better KOOS Symptoms and MVIC, and greater thigh %FM was associated with worse KOOS Symptoms, Pain, Quality of Life, and MVIC ( P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Body composition characteristics of higher %LM and lower %FM were associated with better clinical outcomes in ACLR patients of normal BMI status, thereby elucidating a potential modifiable target to mitigate poor ACLR-related outcomes. Future research should further evaluate mechanistic links between body composition and ACLR-related outcomes to inform clinical practice and rehabilitation frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1309-1318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12173763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Work in Humid Heat Impairs Postural Balance during Simulated Construction Tasks at Height.","authors":"Beverly Wei Lin Tan, Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad, Gerald Zheng Yang Tan, Pearl Min Sze Tan, Bruno Lemke, Jason Kai Wei Lee","doi":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003666","DOIUrl":"10.1249/MSS.0000000000003666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Occupational heat strain can impair construction workers' motor and cognitive functions, potentially leading to accidents, injuries and lowered productivity. We examined the effects of physical work under various warm and humid tropical conditions on performance in virtual reality (VR)-based construction tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen healthy men (age: 29 ± 5 yr) completed three randomized, counterbalanced experimental trials comprising ~2.5 h of exposure to wet-bulb globe temperatures of 24.6°C ± 0.2°C (COOL), 28.1°C ± 0.3°C (WARM), and 32.4°C ± 0.3°C (HOT), representing Singapore's current (COOL and WARM) and projected (HOT) conditions. Participants performed three 30-min bouts of treadmill walking at fixed metabolic heat productions representing light (EX1: 250 W), moderate (EX2: 350 W), and heavy (EX3: 450 W) workloads, each separated by completion of a battery of VR-based construction tasks (welding and plank-walking at height). Task speed and accuracy, postural sway, and gait were recorded during the VR tasks, whereas body core ( Tc ) and mean skin temperatures ( Tsk ), and heart rate were recorded continuously.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Posttrial T c was higher in HOT (38.6°C ± 0.4°C) compared with WARM (38.1°C ± 0.3°C; P < 0.001) and COOL (37.9°C ± 0.3°C; P < 0.001), whereas mean Tsk ( P < 0.001) and heart rate ( P < 0.001) differed between all conditions (HOT > WARM > COOL). Task speed and accuracy during welding and plank-walking were similar between conditions (all P > 0.05). However, postural sway velocity during welding increased (by 2.08 ± 2.5 mm·s -1 ; P < 0.05) from baseline to posttrial in HOT but not in WARM or COOL (both P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although task performance was maintained across environments, postural balance during an attention-demanding task (welding) was impaired following physical work in Singapore's projected environmental conditions, which could increase the risk of potentially fatal accidents and injuries (e.g., falling from height). Effective workplace interventions are needed to protect workers' health, safety, and productivity against future warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":18426,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":"1579-1592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12129388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}