{"title":"Prediction of Tribological Properties of PC-PBT/GNP-MWCNT Nanocomposites Using Machine Learning Models","authors":"Tuba Özdemir ÖGE, Mecit ÖGE","doi":"10.1002/app.56834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56834","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the effect of the incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in polycarbonate-poly(butylene terephthalate) (PC-PBT) blends on the mechanical and tribological blend properties. PC-PBT/GNP-MWCNT nanocomposites were synthesized via melt-compounding with various filler loadings (0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt.%). SEM analyses revealed adequate dispersion and strong interaction between the nano-fillers and the polymer matrix. Mechanical testing demonstrated up to ~16%, ~38%, and ~9% improvement in tensile modulus, bending modulus, and impact strength, respectively, with the optimum nano-filler fraction of 0.5 wt. %. Tribological assessments, conducted using a pin-on-disc apparatus, showed marked reductions in specific wear rates (SWRs) reaching ~87% at the optimal filler loading of 0.5 wt.%. The mechanical behavior of the nanocomposites was found to depend primarily on dispersion state, whereas tribological properties were found to be dictated by a transfer film formation mechanism facilitated by filler addition. The experimental results were corroborated by a Random Forest machine learning model yielding the highest accuracy with R<sup>2</sup> = 0.94 for tensile modulus estimations and R<sup>2</sup> = 0.82 for SWR estimations under a 10 N load.</p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.56834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Healing Waterborne Polyurethane With Enhanced Mechanical Properties Based on Nano-Silica","authors":"Kaiyang Zhao, Chao Zhou, Li Liu, Guangfeng Wu","doi":"10.1002/app.56822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56822","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Waterborne polyurethanes with self-healing damage and restore mechanical properties became widely used. The self-healing performance was closely related to good chain segment mobility, but loose chain segments could weaken mechanical properties. High mechanical performance and high self-healing performance were contradictory. Therefore, research on how to ensure high self-healing while improving the mechanical properties of materials became one of the research directions for self-healing materials. In this work, waterborne polyurethanes with disulfide bonds were first prepared, and then nano-silica was dispersed through mechanical stirring to obtain silica-modified self-healing waterborne polyurethane (SWPU-SiX). The effect of nano-silica content on the properties of SWPU-SiX were studied. It was found that the tensile strength of the prepared material reached 16.58 MPa, and the toughness reached 67.51 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>representing increases of 397.57% and 150.43% compared to SWPU, respectively. It could be almost completely healed at 80C. The enhancement of these properties provides a new method for the research of self-healing materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sijia Yang, Xiao Song, Ran Wei, Chuanjiang Zhou, Zhaoqiang Wu, Hong Chen
{"title":"A Transparent, Abrasion-Resistant Anti-Fog Coating on Glass Substrates","authors":"Sijia Yang, Xiao Song, Ran Wei, Chuanjiang Zhou, Zhaoqiang Wu, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1002/app.56818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56818","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The formation of fog on the surface of transparent glass severely reduces its transmittance, which limits its application in medical devices, optical instruments, and other industries that require high transmittance. A new transparent, water-resistant, and abrasion-resistant PVA anti-fog coating based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 5-sulfosalicylic acid (SAD), and ammonium persulfate (APS) was developed in this study. The hydroxyl, carboxyl, and sulfonic acid groups in the SAD molecule can form dense hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the PVA side chain, which increases the water resistance of the coating. APS, as a free radical initiator, can produce sulfate radicals during the thermal curing of the coating and eventually form a cross-linked structure of the PVA main carbon chain, thereby further improving the water resistance, friction resistance, and thermal stability of the coating. The experimental results show that the transparent glass surface modified by the coating not only has excellent light transmittance and anti-fog performance but also has good abrasion resistance and thermal stability. In addition, the preparation method of the transparent hydrophilic anti-fog coating is simple and convenient, and nontoxic and environmentally friendly water is used as the solvent, which is expected to be used in large-scale industrial production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hlalisa Kula, Shirley Motaung, S. A. Adeyemi, P. Ubanako, Lindokuhle Ngema, T. Y. Fonkui, D. T. Ndinteh, P. Kumar, Y. E. Choonara, Blessing A. Aderibigbe
{"title":"Development and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of Hydrocolloid-Based Wound Dressings Incorporated With Capparis sepiaria Extract","authors":"Hlalisa Kula, Shirley Motaung, S. A. Adeyemi, P. Ubanako, Lindokuhle Ngema, T. Y. Fonkui, D. T. Ndinteh, P. Kumar, Y. E. Choonara, Blessing A. Aderibigbe","doi":"10.1002/app.56809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56809","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing wound dressings containing plant extracts is an innovative method of preparing wound dressings suitable for treating infected wounds. Different species of <i>Capparis</i> are known for their rich sources of antioxidants with wound-healing effects. However, the <i>Capparis sepiaria</i> extracts have not been sufficiently explored for wound healing. Infected wounds are challenging to treat, revealing the need to design effective wound dressings. Novel single-layer hydrocolloids (SLHs) and double-layer hydrocolloids (DLHs) loaded with <i>Capparis sepiaria</i> aqueous extract were developed from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), sodium alginate (SA), and hydroxy methylcellulose (HPMC), and characterized using appropriate techniques. Their SEM images revealed an interwoven and porous morphology that promotes cell activities and gaseous exchange. The water vapor transmission rates and % porosity of the hydrocolloids ranged from 1000 ± 2.80 to 9500 ± 0.0025 g/m<sup>2</sup>/24 h and 70 ± 0.09 to 89%± 15.0%, respectively. The DLH2 hydrocolloids showed significant antibacterial efficacy against most bacterial strains, with MIC values of 15.625 μg/mL. The hemostatic effects of SLH3 and DLH3 were substantial, with the lowest absorbance values being 0.1869 and 0.1816, respectively. The prepared hydrocolloids were nontoxic, supported cellular migration suitable for accelerated wound healing, and exhibited antibacterial and hemostatic effects, making them promising dressings for treating infected and bleeding wounds.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin J. Stovall, Charles J. Rafalko, Harrison J. Cassady, Tawanda J. Zimudzi, Hlengilizwe Nyoni, Michael A. Hickner
{"title":"Permeability of 3D Printed Acrylate Rubbers","authors":"Benjamin J. Stovall, Charles J. Rafalko, Harrison J. Cassady, Tawanda J. Zimudzi, Hlengilizwe Nyoni, Michael A. Hickner","doi":"10.1002/app.56814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56814","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The versatility of vat photopolymerization additive manufactured (VPAM) elastomers garners much interest in the production of medical supplies and microfluidic devices. However, little research has characterized the liquid barrier properties and chemical resistance specifically related to these emerging acrylate-based VPAM polymers. Herein, we describe a systematic approach to studying the structure–property relationships for a series of 3D printable elastomers from commonly used monomers and crosslinkers, including n-butyl acrylate (BA) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). Polymer samples showed elongations-to-break between 200%–400% and Young's moduli between 0.4–0.6 MPa. The study helps to develop a picture of the chemical space inhabited by these model systems via permeability experiments and relation to Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs). The permeability of the tested solvents dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), pyridine, isopropanol (IPA), and tetrahydrofuran (THF) was related to the composition and increased water uptake of the materials. As the weight percent of HEA increased in the polymer composition, the permeability of all solvents increased. The magnitude of the permeability depended on solvent interactions with water, quantified by HSPs, and was independent of polymer composition. THF exhibited the highest permeability through the polymer membranes due to its low HSP. The formulated elastomers represent modular VPAM materials accessible with current commercial 3D printing technology that can be deployed for specific applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.56814","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Branch Side-Chains on the Foaming Properties of Thermoplastic Polyether Ester Elastomers in Supercritical CO2","authors":"Hao-Chen Yen, Hsu-I Mao, Yen-Yu Chang, Tzu-Hsien Chan, Wei-Hsiang Lin, Chin-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1002/app.56828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56828","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ester-based polymers are widely used in numerous applications today. However, thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer (TPEE), despite being an ester-based elastomer, is typically unsuitable for lightweight applications due to its limited foamability, caused by low melt strength and a narrow molecular weight distribution. This study performed a series of TPEE modifications using a methyl-branched diol (neopentyl glycol) as the monomer and a tri-block polymer (ENHOL BE-3520) as the soft segment. Adjustments to the methyl-branched diol content notably impacted the thermal properties of the TPEE. All modified samples demonstrated decomposition temperatures exceeding 300°C at 5% weight loss, and melting temperatures ranging from 159°C to 219°C. Tensile strengths varied between 14.66 and 22.96 MPa, while the foam samples achieved expansion rates of 1.50% to 2.45% at temperatures 5°C below the melting point, and 2.19% to 3.88% at 10°C below the melting point. These modifications resulted in TPEE foams with enhanced mechanical properties and stable structures, significantly expanding their potential applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Sea-Island Structured EPDM/PP TPV With Shape Memory Performance In Situ Compatibilized by Magnesium Maleic and Maleic Anhydride","authors":"Mengmeng Xu, Chengzhong Zong","doi":"10.1002/app.56813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56813","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is challengeable to obtain shape memory effect in the traditional thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) with sea-island microstructure. Herein, we successfully achieved shape memory behavior in the type of ethylene propylene diene monomer/polypropylene thermoplastic vulcanizate (EPDM/PP TPV) compatibilized by the graft products of magnesium maleic (MgMA) and maleic anhydride (MAH) on the interface of EPDM/PP. MgMA and MAH derived from the in situ neutralization reaction of maleic acid (MA) with magnesium oxide (MgO) and the dehydration reaction of MA respectively. In this paper, the mole ratio of MA and MgO on the performance of EPDM/PP TPV was studied. With the incorporation of MA and MgO, the mechanical property and shape memory performance were improved. The result of DMA, FTIR, and SEM verified the successful graft reaction of MgMA and MAH on the polymer chains. The compatibilized EPDM/PP TPV achieved the improved mechanical property of tensile strength (12.9 MPa) and elongation at break (583.5%), the increased <i>R</i><sub>f</sub> of 96.2% and <i>R</i><sub>r</sub> of 86.7% at the tailoring mole ratio of MA:MgO (1:1.5).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinrong Li, Yang Bai, Deng Gu, Jianing He, Qiang Hu, Zhongxiang Chen, Haibo Wang, Shahad Ali Badr, Lu Liu
{"title":"Application of Graphene Oxide/Polymer Composites as Filter Loss Reduction Agents With Water-Based Drilling Fluids","authors":"Xinrong Li, Yang Bai, Deng Gu, Jianing He, Qiang Hu, Zhongxiang Chen, Haibo Wang, Shahad Ali Badr, Lu Liu","doi":"10.1002/app.56791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56791","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In deep and ultra-deep wells, drilling fluids often experience increased filtration loss due to elevated temperatures and high salinity. To solve this problem, 5 g of N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA), 13 g of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), 2 g of 4-acryloylmethiolane (ACMO), and 0.2 g of graphene oxide (GO) were polymerized through aqueous phase polymerization at 50°C for 2 h to form the Graphene oxide and DMAA, AMPS, ACMO Composites (GO-NAA). The synthesized nanocomposite, GO-NAA, was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analysis to confirm its structure. The experimental results showed that under the conditions of 220°C and 15% NaCl, water-based drilling fluid (WBDF) containing 3% GO-NAA reduced the filtration value of the American Petroleum Institute(FLAPI) by 82.15% (from 76.2 to 13.6 ml) and the high-temperature and high-pressure filtration value (FLHTHP) by 88.50% (from 238.2 to 27.4 ml) compared to water-based drilling fluid without GO-NAA. Morphological analysis revealed that GO-NAA adhered to bentonite particles through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, promoting uniform dispersion of particles in the aqueous drilling fluid. This mechanism facilitated the formation of a thin and dense mud cake, which effectively minimized filtration loss. These findings quantitatively demonstrate the potential of GO-NAA as a temperature- and salt-resistant filtration loss reduction agent, offering significant performance improvements under extreme drilling conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancement of Phosphoric Acid-Functionalized Graphene Oxide on SPEEK Membrane Performance","authors":"Juan Li, Jiang Liu, Shuai Wang, Yao Xu","doi":"10.1002/app.56804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56804","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) membrane has a great potential in the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells owing to low cost. However, it suffers from limited proton conductivity. In this paper, quantum chemistry calculation and molecular dynamics simulation are employed to reveal the enhancing mechanism of phosphoric acid-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) on proton conduction in the SPEEK membrane. The results reveal that the strong interaction between sulfonic acid group and phosphoric acid group leads to the dissociation of proton and the proton transfer pathway with a low energy barrier is formed. Meanwhile, it is found that the phosphoric acid-functionalized GO can interact well with water molecule and membrane matrix so as to promote the transport of water molecules in the membrane.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nano-SiO2 Composite Solid Polyelectrolyte Membranes Based on Bis-Imidazole Cationic-Functionalized Benzonorbornadiene Block Copolymers for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Xiaohui He, Zengwei Qin, Defu Chen","doi":"10.1002/app.56826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56826","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Solid polyelectrolytes (SPEs) have garnered considerable attention and extensive research due to their exceptional flexibility, low cost, and ease of industrial production. This study synthesized bis-imidazole cationic functionalized benzonorbornadiene block copolymers rP(NB-MGE-<i>b</i>-BenzoNBD-BisIm<sup>+</sup>TFSI<sup>−</sup>) via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The block copolymers were blended with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTFSI) and nano SiO<sub>2</sub> to prepare the composite solid polyelectrolytes membrane (CSPEMs) rP(NB-MGE-<i>b</i>-BenzoNBD-BisIm<sup>+</sup>TFSI<sup>−</sup>)/LiTFSI/SiO<sub>2</sub> by a solution casting method for applications in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This research investigates the effect of different nano-SiO<sub>2</sub> content on the ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability of the composite SPEs. The relationship between the intrinsic structure and properties of rP(NB-MGE-<i>b</i>-BenzoNBD-BisIm<sup>+</sup>TFSI<sup>−</sup>)/LiTFSI/z wt% SiO<sub>2</sub> (<i>z</i> = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5) was studied. When the SiO<sub>2</sub> content is 5.0 wt%, the maximum ionic conductivity reaches 9.3 × 10<sup>−5</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup> at 30°C and 1.5 × 10<sup>−3</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup> at 80°C. The NCM811/CSPEM/Li battery exhibits an initial reversible discharge capacity of 149.7 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 0.2 C, with a coulombic efficiency maintained above 96%. After 50 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C, the capacity remains at 148.9 ± 8 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, with the coulombic efficiency continuing to exceed 96%, which demonstrating robust cycling stability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}