Journal of Applied Polymer Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Ultrafine Cement Mineral Phase C4AF on the Properties of PVDF Composite Films","authors":"Han Guo,&nbsp;Zhaocai Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Zhu","doi":"10.1002/app.56607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56607","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of intelligent buildings requires energy harvesting technology, especially smart piezoelectric materials. This paper mainly explores the possibility of applying polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a piezoelectric energy storage material in building structures. In order to make PVDF piezoelectric energy storage materials suitable for the cement-based materials, the cement mineral phase tetracalcium aluminate (C₄AF) as filler and PVDF as matrix are used to prepare ultrafine C₄AF-PVDF composite films. The mechanical properties, crystal structure, thermal behavior, electrochemical behavior, and morphology of C₄AF-PVDF composite films are characterized. The results show that a small amount of C₄AF can be uniformly dispersed in the PVDF matrix and fill the pores, which not only maintains the good toughness of the PVDF film but also promotes the nucleation and crystallization of the film. Meanwhile, the conceptual model developed in this paper shows the mechanism of C₄AF on PVDF film in macro and microstructures, explains, and analyzes the influence of C₄AF on the PVDF film matrix from the level of nucleation and crystallization. This paper can provide reference value for the application of cement-based mineral phase materials combined with PVDF in the field of intelligent buildings for piezoelectric energy harvesting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials: Hybrid Fillers Reinforced Bio-Based Composites","authors":"Bedriye Ucpinar,&nbsp;Ayse Aytac","doi":"10.1002/app.56618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56618","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electromagnetic pollution, also known as electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues, is a growing concern as electronic and telecommunication technologies advance. The resulting urgent demand for EMI shielding materials underscores the need for the development of high-performance, environmentally friendly shielding materials. Here, we assess the impact of multiscale carbon-based hybrid filler on the EMI shielding performance of polyamide 11/poly(lactic acid) composites. The effects of the amounts (0.5 to 5 wt%) of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanofillers in carbon fiber (CF)/GNP and CF/MWCNT-reinforced hybrid composites were comparatively investigated. The composites were fabricated through melt blending/compression molding and subsequently characterized in terms of morphological, fiber length, electrical properties, and EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). Morphological imaging revealed a good adhesion between the fillers and the matrix, indicating a favorable interaction. The fiber length analysis demonstrated that fiber lengths were longer in CF/GNP hybrid composites than in CF/MWCNT. The EMI SE measurements showed the synergistic effects of the fillers in the X and Ku bands. The highest EMI SE values at 10 GHz and 16 GHz for the 20CF-5GNP composite were 34 and 40 dB, respectively.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison Study of the Synergistic Influence of Discrepancy in Exothermic Behavior of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Precursor Fibers and the Continuous Gradient Pre-Oxidation Condition on Stabilization Structure","authors":"Yong Liu,&nbsp;Peipei Guo,&nbsp;Zongwei Guo,&nbsp;Shengtao Dai,&nbsp;Honglong Li,&nbsp;Lei Shang,&nbsp;Yuhui Ao","doi":"10.1002/app.56672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56672","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The synergistic influence of discrepancy in exothermic behavior of two types of polyacrylonitrile-based precursor fibers (labeled as fiber A and B) and the continuous gradient pre-oxidation conditions on stabilization structure were studied. The evolution and development process of skin-core structure at different stabilization stages and corresponding influencing factors was clarified. Results showed fiber A had gentle exothermic behavior, smaller exothermic rates, and weaker heat flow, while fiber B had faster exothermic rates and concentrated heat flow, especially at stabilization later stage. Stabilization behaviors revealed that the cyclization index (Ic), oxidation index (Io), dehydrogenation index (Id), aromatization index (AI), X-ray stabilization index, O elements, and bulk density increased with proceeds of pre-oxidation. The relationship between the aromatization cross-linked structure, bulk density, and chemical structure indicated that cyclization, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions jointly promoted the formation of aromatization cross-linked conjugated lamellar structure. Under the same pre-oxidation conditions, the stabilization degree of fiber B was much higher than that of fiber A. Meanwhile, a more serious inhomogeneous structure appeared at the early stage and further deteriorated at a later stage, which is related to its concentrated exothermic behavior, locally high temperature in the core and nonuniform oxygen distribution in the radial direction. These factors become the internal factors that affect the formation and development of skin-core structure. By adjusting temperature and gradient distribution as well as shortening time, the skin-core structure disappeared without compromising the stabilization degree. The formation of the skin-core structure was controlled by chemical reactions at early stage but by double diffusion and locally high temperature in the core at the later stage. In order to promoted oxygen diffusion, the Ic, Io, and AI values at the initial stage should be controlled below 0.8%, 0.36%, and 32%, respectively. The principles, reasons, and regulatory mechanisms for optimizing the stabilization structure and set proper pre-oxidation procedures were provided.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Graphene on the Mechanical Properties of Glycidyl Azide Polymer-Based Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomer","authors":"Teng Wang,&nbsp;Wenhao Liu,&nbsp;Cong Zhu,&nbsp;Tianqi Li,&nbsp;Yunjun Luo","doi":"10.1002/app.56670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56670","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Energetic adhesives with excellent mechanical properties are of great significance for the development of solid propellant. In this paper, a small amount of graphene is used to enhance the mechanical properties of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP)-based energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE), and an in-depth analysis of the graphene enhancement mechanism is conducted through the structural characterization of the composite elastomer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that the solvent-assisted ultrasonic dispersion method can fully disperse graphene in GAP-ETPE, taking advantage of its high specific surface area. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and low-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) analysis show that graphene can provide physical crosslinking sites, significantly increasing the crosslinking density of GAP-ETPE. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) indicates that the increased crosslinking density caused by graphene will restrict the segmental motion of GAP-ETPE. Static tensile test result shows that the use of 0.1 wt% graphene can increase the tensile strength of GAP-ETPE from 7.0 to 7.8 MPa. This work provides a basis for the application of graphene in energetic adhesives.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Cleaning of Fluorescent Polyester: Construction of Superhydrophobic Coatings by Surface Microsolubility Particle Semi Embedding Technology","authors":"Xiong Zheng,&nbsp;Xuzhen Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaoxue Shi,&nbsp;Zhichao Yang,&nbsp;Shuyang Li,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Xiuhua Wang","doi":"10.1002/app.56665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56665","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fluorescent materials are extensively utilized in anti-counterfeiting and security applications, and surface cleanliness is crucial for preserving their functionality. This study presents a novel hydrophobic fluorescent coating characterized by a morphology in which particles are semi-embedded and evenly dispersed within the primer. The coating was developed using an innovative method that involves spraying hydrophobic silica onto a microscopically dissolved fluorescent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) primer. The coating demonstrates superior hydrophobicity, with a water contact angle (WCA) of 165.0° ± 5.0° and a sliding angle of 3.0°, as well as an outstanding luminous intensity 541.4 mcd/m². Due to strong primer and semi-embedded particle binding, the coating shows good durability. After 80 wear treatment, the hydrophobic properties of the fluorescent coating were largely maintained. After 32 days of exposure to 0.68 W/m² ultraviolet light, the contact angle decreased from 160.0° to 154.7° (with a sliding angle of 8.0°). In addition, the firmness, transparency, and self-cleaning function of the coating can be effectively maintained. The coating in this work has solved the inherent problems of functionality, hydrophobicity, and durability in the coating field, and has a wide range of applications including flexible fabrics, road safety field, and building exterior materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Layered Structure as an Efficient Design for Improving Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Properties of Polypropylene/EVA/Carbon Nanotube Composites","authors":"Adriane Sena,&nbsp;Debora P. Schmitz,&nbsp;Adriana A. Silva,&nbsp;Bluma G. Soares","doi":"10.1002/app.56648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56648","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flexible and lightweight conducting polymer composites for application as electromagnetic wave absorbing (EMWA) materials were prepared by a one-step melt-blending procedure using a polypropylene/EVA (50:50 wt%) blend filled with carbon nanotube. The co-continuous structure and the preferential localization of CNT in the EVA phase and at the interface are responsible for the low percolation threshold (0.02 vol%) and a conductivity of 10⁻³ S m⁻¹ with 1.5 wt% of CNT. Metal-backed configuration was used for measuring the electromagnetic attenuation in both X- (8–12 GHz) and Ku-band (12–18 GHz). Samples 3 mm thick were compared with three-layered structures constituted by three layers of 1 mm each. The best EMWA response in terms of minimum reflection loss (RL) (−35.5 dB) and large effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) (6.6 GHz) was observed for the three-layered system with the appropriate arrangement. The low cost of polymer components and processing conditions, lightweight, and processability, due to the low amount of CNT, make this system a promising candidate for applications in both civilian and military areas as telecommunication and stealth technology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Based Mono- and Difunctional Phthalonitrile Resin Foams","authors":"Caleb M. Bunton,&nbsp;James D. Sitter,&nbsp;Tyler J. Richardson,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Dysart,&nbsp;Grant C. Daniels,&nbsp;Olufolasade F. Atoyebi,&nbsp;Matthew Laskoski","doi":"10.1002/app.56660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56660","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of two new bio-based phthalonitrile (PN) resin foams with intrinsic blowing agents is reported. The resins were characterized via attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), pycnometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), rheometry, and compression testing. The porosity of 3-[4-(3,4-Dicyanophenoxy)phenyl]-2-propenoic acid-phthalonitrile <b>CAPN</b> and 3-[3,4-di(3,4-Dicyanophenoxy)phenyl]-2-propenoic acid-phthalonitrile <b>CFPN</b> were calculated to be 0.610 and 0.437 respectively. Thermal and thermooxidative stability was determined for both resins under nitrogen and air environments. <b>CAPN</b> and <b>CFPN</b> displayed final char yields of 67% and 69% under nitrogen environments while the <i>T</i>\u0000 _d,5% under air environments were 200°C and 360°C respectively. Finally, compression analysis shows the <b>CAPN</b> to be a stiffer material than the larger <b>CFPN</b> foam resin.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-Tuning of Hydrophilic Properties of Asymmetrically Porous Poly(ε-Caprolactone)-Based Nanofibrous Scaffolds Containing Dexamethasone for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications","authors":"Reyhaneh Rahnamafar,&nbsp;Farzad Moradikhah,&nbsp;Mehdi Doosti-Telgerd,&nbsp;Mina Oveisi,&nbsp;Iman Yousefi,&nbsp;Leila Moradi,&nbsp;Ali Zandi Karimi,&nbsp;Tayebeh Akbari,&nbsp;Alireza Lotfabadi,&nbsp;Mehdi Khoobi","doi":"10.1002/app.56627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56627","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bone abnormalities and injuries provide serious medical issues. Bone has the ability for regeneration; however, its regenerative potential is limited. Tissue engineering has gained significant attention as a potential treatment for bone abnormalities. In this study, poly-caprolactone (PCL)-based nanofibers containing various concentrations of poly-ethyl-2-oxazoline (PEtOx) and loaded with Dexamethasone (Dex) were prepared and evaluated as multifunctional bioscaffolds for bone regeneration. Various techniques were employed to characterize the feature of the electrospun scaffolds including ¹H-NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and gel permission chromatography (GPC). The swelling degree, mechanical property, degradation behavior, and drug release profile were also evaluated. The cell viability of the electrospun nanofibers on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) were examined by MTT, and osteogenic differentiation potency was studied by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium deposition assessments. According to the findings, a higher PEtOx concentration in the polymer solution reduced the nanofiber diameter while increasing the swelling rate, mass loss amount, and Young's modulus of the produced scaffolds. The release profile of Dex from the electrospun scaffold influenced osteogenic differentiation in stem cells. The scaffold revealed promising features that could be employed for further bone injury studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Conformational Relationship of New Fluorinated Acrylate Polymer-Based Internal Mold Release Agents","authors":"Jingang Zhang,&nbsp;Zhensheng Huang,&nbsp;Jianyin Xu,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Dongping Sun,&nbsp;Zhenyu Jia,&nbsp;Lu Zhou","doi":"10.1002/app.56675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56675","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employed short fluorocarbon chain perfluorohexylethyl methacrylate (PFOL, <i>R</i>\u0000 _f = 6) and long hydrocarbon chain Stearyl acrylate (SA, <i>R</i> = 18) to synthesize a series of fluorinated acrylate polymers (FAP) via solution polymerization. The copolymerization rates of PFOL and SA were calculated, and the copolymer composition curves were plotted to produce FAP with uniform composition and varying PFOL ratios. Experiments revealed that these FAP demonstrated significant dissolution and migration behaviors during the processing of fluoroelastomers, influenced by the PFOL to SA ratio. The optimized FAP (PFOL ratio of 0.7), with a weight-average molecular weight between 23,000 and 26,000, significantly reduced the demolding force of fluoroelastomer O-rings from 49 to 20 N. Water contact angle and demolding force tests further verified the internal mold release effects of the FAP. Predictions from the CISOC-PSAT program indicate that the FAP synthesized in this study is less toxic compared to the copolymer of perfluorooctylethyl methacrylate (POEMA) and SA, with negative results for carcinogenic and mutagenic toxicity, demonstrating its potential as an environmentally friendly, green fluorine-containing internal mold release agent.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of Renewable Porous Nanofiltration Membrane by Amino Cyclodextrin for the Treatment of High Salinity Textile Wastewater","authors":"Jianping Zhou,&nbsp;Jingtao Cui,&nbsp;Shangsong Han,&nbsp;Shenghui Liu,&nbsp;Jintuan Zhang,&nbsp;Biqin Chen,&nbsp;Yuxia Li","doi":"10.1002/app.56634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/app.56634","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The discharge of textile wastewater containing pollutants could cause serious environmental pollution. The use of loose nanofiltration membranes to separate dyes and salts from textile wastewater had great significance. This study used β-cyclodextrin (β-CD-AAm) as a novel porous aqueous monomer for IP reaction, and prepared a novel membrane for filtering textile wastewater. Due to the porous structure of β-CD-AAm, it could separate dyes and salts, increase water flux and mechanical property. Additionally, azobenzene was added to the bowl-like structure of β-CD-AAm to endow the nanofiltration membrane with renewable functions. The permeability increased from 27 to 75 L/m²·h, and increased by 177.8%. It also increased the retention rate of methyl blue from 95.9% to 98.9%, and decreased the rejection rate of Na₂SO₄ from 22.3% to 10.1%; the separation selectivity <i>a</i> of dye and salts increased from 35.2 to 82.7. The effects of porous aqueous phase monomer β-CD-AAm on diffusion speed of aqueous phase were demonstrated via ultraviolet light test and mean square displacement, demonstrating the influence of β-CD-AAm on the polyamide layer structure and property of the membrane. This provides a new approach for using new aqueous monomers to produce porous nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of textile wastewater.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","volume":"142 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}