IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203)最新文献_第8页

Photodetector development for the Wheel Abrasion Experiment on the Sojourner microrover of the Mars Pathfinder mission 火星探路者任务中旅居者微型飞行器车轮磨损实验的光电探测器研制

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.659283

D. Wilt, P. P. Jenkins, D. Scheiman

引用次数: 4

The conversion of biomass to ethanol using geothermal energy derived from hot dry rock to supply both the thermal and electrical power requirements 利用从干热岩石中提取的地热能来提供热能和电能需求的生物质转化为乙醇的过程

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.656700

Donald E. Brown

引用次数: 1

The flammability limits of hydrogen and methane in air at moderately elevated temperatures 在适度升高的温度下，氢气和甲烷在空气中的可燃性极限

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.661895

B. Ale, I. Wierzba

{"title":"The flammability limits of hydrogen and methane in air at moderately elevated temperatures","authors":"B. Ale, I. Wierzba","doi":"10.1109/IECEC.1997.661895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECEC.1997.661895","url":null,"abstract":"The flammability limits of hydrogen and methane in air were determined experimentally at elevated initial mixture temperatures up to 350/spl deg/C at atmospheric pressure for upward flame propagation in a conventional steel test tube apparatus. Additionally, the extent to which a prolonged exposure of the mixture to elevated temperatures before spark ignition and, consequently, the existence of pre-ignition reactions that may influence the value of the lean and rich flammability limits was also investigated. It was shown that the flammability limits for methane widened approximately linearly with an increase in the initial mixture temperature over the whole range of temperatures tested. These limits were not affected by the length of the residence time before spark ignition. Different behavior was observed for flammability limits of hydrogen. They were also widened with an increase in the initial temperature but only up to 200/spl deg/C. In this initial temperature range the limits were not affected by the length of the residence time. However, at initial temperature exceeding 200/spl deg/C the flammability limits, especially, the rich limits narrowed with an increase in the temperature and were significantly affected by the residence time before spark ignition. It was suggested that the substantial drop in the value of the rich limit with the increase in the residence time was caused by the relatively low temperature catalytic reactions on the stainless steel surface of the flame tube. A simple method for calculating the hydrogen conversion to water was proposed. The results are in fair agreement with the experimental evidence.","PeriodicalId":183668,"journal":{"name":"IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203)","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115118788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A theoretical study of a carbon lattice system for lithium intercalated carbon anodes 锂插层碳阳极碳晶格体系的理论研究

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.659165

L. Scanlon, D. M. Storch, J. Newton, G. Sandí

引用次数: 1

Summary of collaborative photovoltaic industry work to proactively improve codes and standards for photovoltaic power system applications 协同光伏产业积极完善光伏发电系统应用规范和标准

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.656656

W. I. Bower

{"title":"Summary of collaborative photovoltaic industry work to proactively improve codes and standards for photovoltaic power system applications","authors":"W. I. Bower","doi":"10.1109/IECEC.1997.656656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECEC.1997.656656","url":null,"abstract":"Several important milestones in codes and standards pertaining to the design, installation and operation of photovoltaic (PV) power systems have recently been completed with collaboration of participants from all sectors of the PV industry, electric utilities and the US Department of Energy's National Photovoltaic Program. Codes and standards that have been proposed, written or modified include changes and additions for the 1999 National Electrical Code(R) (NEC(R)), standards for fire and personnel safety, system testing, component qualification and utility interconnection. Project authorization requests with the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) have resulted in standards for listing PV modules and balance-of-system components. Industry collaboration with Underwriter Laboratories, Inc. (UL), with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and through critical input and review for international standards with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) have resulted in domestic and international standards for PV. Work related to the codes and standards activities through the International Energy Agency (IEA) is also being supported by the PV industry and the US DOE. This paper concentrates on and summarizes the important new NEC proposals for PV systems and also describes and shows the bonds between the activities in either standards writing activities. The paper also provides an analysis of changes and resulting impacts of selected proposed NEC changes on PV designs, installations and performance.","PeriodicalId":183668,"journal":{"name":"IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126938853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oil dependence: the value of R&D 石油依赖:研发的价值

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.656759

D. Greene

引用次数: 10

Materials Adherence Experiment on Mars Pathfinder: early results [space power] 火星探路者号材料粘附实验:早期成果[空间动力]

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.659281

G. Landis, P. P. Jenkins, G. Hunter

引用次数: 2

GAISUS-1 thermionic converter for the Integrated Solar Upper Stage GAISUS-1热离子转换器用于集成太阳能上层

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.659235

L. Begg, T. Heffernan, M. H. Horner

{"title":"GAISUS-1 thermionic converter for the Integrated Solar Upper Stage","authors":"L. Begg, T. Heffernan, M. H. Horner","doi":"10.1109/IECEC.1997.659235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECEC.1997.659235","url":null,"abstract":"The Integrated Solar Upper Stage (ISUS) system is a compact orbital transfer vehicle which generates thrust to boost payloads from LEO to higher orbits. It does this by collecting and concentrating solar flux into a sensible thermal storage, graphite receiver which is used to heat hydrogen propellant to temperatures of up to 2500 K. The ISUS receiver also radiates heat into an array of thermionic converters which produce electrical power. The GAISUS-1 thermionic converter is a first generation planar converter designed to produce electrical power when coupled with the ISUS receiver. GAISUS-1 will deliver over 31 W/sub 0/ at 1900 K. A wrought Re hotshoe accepts radiant heat from the receiver. The back side of the hotshoe forms the emitting surface of the converter. Special attention was paid to optimize the electrical and thermal losses experienced through the sleeve. Triple and single sleeve geometries were thermally modeled and evaluated, resulting in the selection of a single sleeve design. A high temperature metal/ceramic seal isolates the emitter sleeve from the collector. A Nb collector is used and is an integral part of a Nb/Na heat pipe. The heat pipe transports reject heat from the collector surface to a thermal radiator (condenser) portion of the heat pipe. The converter utilizes an integral graphite Cs reservoir. This type of reservoir automatically produces a rise in Cs pressure in response to a rise in emitter/collector temperatures. This Cs pressure feedback mechanism insures adequate Cs coverage of the emitter over a broad range of operating conditions (temperatures).","PeriodicalId":183668,"journal":{"name":"IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127347978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrode fabrication for Li-ion: processing, formulations and defects during coating 锂离子电极制造:工艺、配方和涂层过程中的缺陷

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.659156

K. S. Nanjundaswamy, H. D. Friend, C. Kelly, D.J. Standlee, R. Higgins

{"title":"Electrode fabrication for Li-ion: processing, formulations and defects during coating","authors":"K. S. Nanjundaswamy, H. D. Friend, C. Kelly, D.J. Standlee, R. Higgins","doi":"10.1109/IECEC.1997.659156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECEC.1997.659156","url":null,"abstract":"The chemistry of the constituent electrode/electrolytes determines the electrochemical stability, reversibility and kinetics of the Li insertion/extraction process and hence limits the performance of Li-ion batteries. However, mechanical stability/configuration of the electrodes is equally important for extended cycle life and is largely determined by the electrode processing and fabrication techniques. Inhomogeneous distribution of the binders and active materials on the electrodes resulting from variations in rheological parameters for the slurry/suspension during formulation and additional defects introduced during processing/fabrication not only lead to poor adhesion and subsequent mechanical failure by delamination, but also result in electrode thickness, porosity and density variations which severely affect the chemistry of the insertion process. The purpose of this paper is to: (1) evaluate the various possible electrode defects with different fabrication techniques used for small scale, specialty purpose Li-ion electrode fabrication such as the aqueous/nonaqueous pasting process, and doctor-blade/web-coating methods and (2) examine the origin of defects and role of curing, drying and electrode formulations which affect the adhesion, coating defects and hence influence the subsequent electrochemical characteristics.","PeriodicalId":183668,"journal":{"name":"IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125030999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Thermal design and verification of the EOS-AM1 nickel hydrogen batteries EOS-AM1镍氢电池的热设计与验证

IECEC-97 Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (Cat. No.97CH6203) Pub Date : 1997-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/IECEC.1997.659185

E.W. Grob, D. Chalmers, C. Bennett

引用次数: 1