Materials Express最新文献

{"title":"Research on the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in rural areas under the background of rural revitalization","authors":"Mi Duan, Hongjun Chen","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2537","url":null,"abstract":"This research addresses the excessive presence of pollutants, such as total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 -N), and chemical oxygen demand (COD), among others, in rural water bodies that are heavily contaminated and emit a foul odor. The base substrate used in this research consists of nano-particles of ferric chloride. Subsequently, these particles undergo chemical modifications using various agents, such as hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium hydroxide, chitosan, acrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, and zinc sulfate. To alleviate the contamination and foul odor in rural water bodies, the resulting composite material was combined with microbial effective microorganisms (EM) agents and subjected to an aeration process. The findings of this study indicate a significant reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) value over a 70-day experimental period. The COD concentration in the water decreased significantly from 80 mg/L to a mere 15 mg/L, resulting in a reduction percentage of approximately 68.56%. Additionally, the water quality improved from a fifth-class rating, indicating inferior quality, to a third-class rating, denoting a higher quality. The oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) value remained stable at levels below 50 mV, while the redox potential increased fivefold, effectively eliminating black and smelly water. Moreover, the levels of TN and TP also improved from inferior fifth-class to third-class water quality. This research highlights the capacity of using a combination of flocculants and microbial treatments, in aerated environments, to significantly enhance the water quality in heavily contaminated and foul-smelling rural water bodies. The proposed method exhibits the potential to efficiently remediate heavily contaminated and foul-smelling water bodies in small-scale rural regions, indicating its robust scope for future application.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total alkaloids of <i>Sophora alopecuroides</i> alleviate atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage pyroptosis induced by reactive oxygen species-NLRP3 signaling axis","authors":"Yu Shi, Bing Han, Xianchi Li, Xiaojing Yuan","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2526","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are common diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides (TASA) in atherosclerosis and exploring the underlying mechanism. Mice were given normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and TASA plus ND or HFD. The mice were further administered with NLRP3 shRNA and shControl. After treatment, Hematoxylin and Eosin and Oil Red O staining assessed histological changes. CD31/caspase-1 double staining was detected by fluorescent staining and pyroptosis expression assessed by CD31/TUNEL double staining. Western blot results determined caspase-1 expression in HFD mice. TASA treatment suppressed plaque formation in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice but insignificantly altered the lesion area in ND-fed ApoE-/- mice. Caspase-1 content and TUNEL positive cells were significantly elevated in mice fed with HFD or ND, whilst advent of TASA further enhanced the activation of caspase-1 in HFD mice. TASA treatment reduced activity of ROS, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome and regulated macrophage pyroptosis. Inhibition of NLRP3 decreased the lesion area of atherosclerosis and lipid deposition. TASA inhibited the expression of ROS to reduce macrophages necrosis and secretion of inflammatory mediators, thereby alleviating inflammation, delaying plaque formation and stabilizing plaques in atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nanomaterials in the treatment of medical waste in hospitals","authors":"Xuefeng Su, Mengni Zhu, Hui Li, Yilin Li, Cheng Sun","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2521","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the amount of medical waste produced, which poses a serious threat to the environment. Within such waste, the presence of antibiotics, which are now widely used, poses a potential threat to human health. This paper investigates the ability of Fe–Mn-NAM adsorbent material made from water hyacinth extract, iron chloride, and manganese sulfate, to adsorb the antibiotics norfloxacin (NOR) and ofloxacin (OFLX) in medical solid waste. Experimental results indicated that the specific surface area of the Fe–Mn-NAM nanosorbent material was 32.56 m 2 /g, with an average pore volume of 0.083 cm 3 /g and an average pore size of 3.21 nm. The amount of antibiotics adsorbed by Fe–Mn-NAM peaked under weakly alkaline conditions, and the capacity of the material to adsorb NOR significantly exceeded that for OFLX. There was a negative correlation between the amount of Fe–Mn-NAM adsorbent material added and the adsorption of NOR and OFLX, and a positive correlation with the antibiotic removal rate. At the same adsorbent dosage, the amount of adsorption and the removal rate of NOR by the Fe–Mn-NAM adsorbent material were significantly higher than for OFLX. Through electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, surface complexation, and surface hydrophobicity, the Fe–Mn-NAM adsorbent material demonstrated a certain capacity to treat and eliminate NOR and OFLX in medical solid waste.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress of nano-drug delivery systems in gastrointestinal cancer","authors":"Xiaoqi Guan, Ke Zhang, Xianghuang Mei, Zhipeng He, Shi Su, Jingcheng Yang, Jiake Lv, Li Yuan, Xiao Duan, Wei Guo","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2519","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal cancer is a major cancer type with a high incidence worldwide. In China, most patients with gastrointestinal tumors are diagnosed in the late stage and are unsuitable for surgery. Chemotherapy is the last treatment option for most advanced tumor patients. However, it always leads to severe side effects on the human body. The emergence of nano-carrier-based drug delivery can remarkably increase drug efficiency and avoid severe side effects in cancer patients. This article reviews the therapeutic application of nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) in gastrointestinal tumors in recent years, which is expected to improve the quality of life of advanced cancer patients and help develop more nano-drugs for gastrointestinal cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel nano-siRNA delivery system loaded with anti-ESR1 siRNA for ovarian cancer clinical and nursing value assessment","authors":"Jin Zhang, Wenhui Fan","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2520","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and one of the most common causes of cancer death. Researchers have been committed to investigating new treatment methods for ovarian cancer. In the present study, a new nano-siRNA delivery system loaded with anti-ESR1 siRNA was designed and synthesized. Its clinical and nursing value for ovarian cancer was evaluated, and the related mechanism was explored. First, the inhibitory activity of the new compound on the viability of ovarian cancer was measured via CCK-8 assay. Second, the relative expression of the estrogen receptor in the ovarian cancer cells was determined through real-time RT-PCR detection. Results revealed that the novel nano-siRNA delivery system loaded with anti-ER α siRNA could negatively regulate the expression of ER α and suppress the progression of ovarian cancer.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential genomic effects of four nano-sized and one micro-sized CeO₂ particles on HepG2 cells","authors":"Sheau-Fung Thai, Carlton P. Jones, Brian L. Robinette, Hongzu Ren, Beena Vallanat, Anna Fisher, Kirk T. Kitchin","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2527","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to perform a genomics study of five cerium oxide particles, 4 nano and one micrometer-sized particles which have been studied previously by our group with respect to cytotoxicity, biochemistry and metabolomics. Human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells were exposed to between 0.3 to 300 ug/ml of CeO 2 particles for 72 hours and then total RNA was harvested. Fatty acid accumulation was observed with W4, X5, Z7 and less with Q but not Y6.The gene expression changes in the fatty acid metabolism genes correlated the fatty acid accumulation we detected in the prior metabolomics study for the CeO 2 particles named W4, Y6, Z7 and Q, but not for X5. In particular, the observed genomics effects on fatty acid uptake and fatty acid oxidation offer a possible explanation of why many CeO 2 particles increase cellular free fatty acid concentrations in HepG2 cells. The major genomic changes observed in this study were sirtuin, ubiquitination signaling pathways, NRF2-mediated stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction. The sirtuin pathway was affected by many CeO 2 particle treatments. Sirtuin signaling itself is sensitive to oxidative stress state of the cells and may be an important contributor in CeO 2 particle induced fatty acid accumulation. Ubiquitination pathway regulates many protein functions in the cells, including sirtuin signaling, NRF2 mediated stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. NRF2-mediated stress response and mitochondrial were reported to be altered in many nanoparticles treated cells. All these pathways may contribute to the fatty acid accumulation in the CeO 2 particle treated cells.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulation aging diagnosis and defect location of crosslinked polyethylene cable in the distribution network based on radio frequency identification","authors":"Chenggang Li, Zhaojie Chu, Liang Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, Jiagui Tao","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2513","url":null,"abstract":"With the expansion of power grid construction, the regulatory requirements of various equipment are increasing. Further, the safe and stable operation of the distribution network plays a crucial role in the entire power system. In particular, the cables in DNs are prone to aging during long-term operation due to various factors, such as electricity and heat. Therefore, the effective diagnosis of their operating status is necessary. Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) is widely used as the main insulation material for cables in power systems. In this study, the microscale and macroscale performance of the molding process of XLPE cables were compared. Wireless radio frequency identification (RFID) technology was used to diagnose the aging and locate the defects of XLPE cables in the DN. The experiment noted the average insulation crosslinking degree of 88.93% and 87.98% for the suspension chain- and tower-type XLPE cables, respectively. The insulation-melting and crystallization temperatures of the suspension chain-type XLPE cable were approximately 110 °C and 92 °C, respectively, and the crystallinity was approximately 36.5%. The insulation-melting and crystallization temperatures of the tower-type XLPE cable were approximately 105 °C and 88 °C, respectively, and the crystallinity was approximately 34%. Using the wireless RFID technology, the precise positioning of the local aging and insulation damage defects in XLPE cables can be achieved. The error in locating the cable defects using the high-frequency phase spectrum of the cable was less than 0.5 m. Therefore, the study on the manufacture of XLPE cables has significant impact on the physical and chemical properties of their insulation layer. Further, the cable inspection using the wireless RFID technology provides a guarantee on the safe operation of the power system.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle contrast technology-based protective effects of amiodarone catheter perfusion on cardiac injury caused by radiofrequency ablation","authors":"Mingwei Huang, Weiwei Li, Yaoguo Wang, Chaoxiang Xu","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2504","url":null,"abstract":"Radiofrequency ablation can damage the cardiac tissues and affect their functions. Amiodarone is a commonly used antiarrhythmic drug that protects the heart tissues. This study used nanoparticle contrast technology to explore the protective effects of amiodarone catheter perfusion on cardiac injury caused by radiofrequency ablation. The model of atrial fibrillation (AF) was established in healthy piglets. All piglets were subjected to three-dimensional heart reconstruction with nano-computed tomography (CT) before surgery, followed by radiofrequency ablation. Subsequently, the random number table method divided them into experimental (four piglets) and control groups (four piglets). The experimental group was treated with amiodarone catheter infusion, and the control group was the amiodarone non-intervention group. The changes in serum myoglobin (Mb), troponin I (cTnI), and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in the two groups before an operation, 6 h, 12 h, and 48 h after the operation, were analyzed. The degree of injury of right atrial radiofrequency ablation was analyzed and compared between the two groups. The total time and the number of radiofrequency ablation discharges were recorded. After 12 h of radiofrequency ablation, the levels of Mb and CK-MB in the pigs’ serum increased ( P <0.05). The levels of cTnI increased 12 h after surgery ( P <0.01) and became normal 48 h after surgery. The depth and width of right atrial heart tissue injury, Mb, CK-MB, and cTnI in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group. After treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac index (CI) in the two groups were higher, while the left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) was lower than those before treatment. The LVEF and CI in the experimental group were higher, and LVESV was lower than those in the control group. The myocardial injury caused by radiofrequency ablation is a minor myocardial injury, which can increase the serum myocardial damage markers to varying degrees; CK-MB, cTnI, and Mb can be used for radiofrequency catheter ablation monitoring of myocardial injury. Amiodarone catheter perfusion produces protective effects on cardiac injury caused by radiofrequency ablation. This study provides a new therapeutic method for cardiac injury caused by radiofrequency ablation.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135349274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on marine microplastics monitoring based on infrared spectroscopy technology","authors":"Shengmei Shang, Yanwei Guo, Jing Song, Liping Liu","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2506","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, microplastics particles have been detected in many sea areas around the world. Microplastics has done great harm to marine and terrestrial seawater ecosystems, so it is necessary to obtain the effective statistical data of microplastics in the environment accurately and quickly for the further study of pollution in microplastics. In this paper, based on IR (Infrared Spectroscopy) technology, hyperspectral images of marine microplastics samples containing different materials were obtained. SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithm is used to identify microplastics in hyperspectral images. The results show that the microplastics abundance ranges from 5.193 to 20.281 N/L, 6.087 to 38.679 N/L and 7.498 to 11.084 N/L, respectively, and the average abundance is 11.83 N/L, 24.84 N/L and 19.27 N/L, respectively. The types of microplastics in the bottom water of the bay in the study area are mainly fibers (53–68%) and debris (23–34%). NIR (Near Infrared) analysis shows that the characteristic curves of microplastics spectra of the same species with different particle sizes are different. IR technology combined with chemometrics algorithm has great potential for the detection of microplastics in seawater surface and seawater. This method is simple and feasible, and has the feasibility of popularization.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135349105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin-Loaded nano-phospholipid complex maintains mitochondrial homeostasis through regulation of parkin in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Hejie Xie, Dajin Zhou, Tielun Yan, Xiumei Yan, Qiulin Wu, Weifeng Chen","doi":"10.1166/mex.2023.2495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/mex.2023.2495","url":null,"abstract":"Curcumin (Cur) can modulate multiple signal transductions and play a protective role in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Nano-phospholipid composite carriers were prepared to observe the nano-phospholipid complex EM maps, and then evaluated the size and surface potential of the composites using a Zetasizer IV analyzer. Microglial cells (BV2) were divided into control group, empty vector group, Cur group and drug-loaded group and administered treatment, respectively. The levels of Parkin, BAG5 and PINK1 were detected. With encapsulation efficiency of 26.0% and drug loading of 52.0%, respectively, the average particle size of the Cur-loaded nano-phospholipid was (197.15±4.42) nm, with a potential of (−18.2±2.0) mV. The difference between empty vector group and control group in the level of BAG5, Parkin and PINK1 was not significant ( P >0.05). BAG5 level increased significantly upon treatment with Cur or Cur-loaded nano-phospholipid complex, with highest level in the drug-loaded group ( P <0.05). As such, Parkin and PINK1 expression increased greatly in the presence of Cur or Cur-loaded nano-phospholipid complex, while the drug-loaded group had the highest level ( P <0.05). Collectively, the curcumin/nano-phospholipid complexes upregulated Parkin, PINK1 and BAG5 expression, thereby maintaining mitochondria and potentiating the efficacy of Cur on PD. The Cur-loaded nano-phospholipid complexes show promising potential for PD prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":18318,"journal":{"name":"Materials Express","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135349454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}