Materials最新文献_第4页

Cold Consolidation of Waste Glass by Alkali Activation and Curing by Traditional and Microwave Heating. 废玻璃碱活化冷固结及传统和微波加热固化。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112628

Francesco Carollo, Emanuele De Rienzo, Antonio D'Angelo, Paolo Sgarbossa, Luisa Barbieri, Cristina Leonelli, Isabella Lancellotti, Michelina Catauro, Enrico Bernardo

{"title":"Cold Consolidation of Waste Glass by Alkali Activation and Curing by Traditional and Microwave Heating.","authors":"Francesco Carollo, Emanuele De Rienzo, Antonio D'Angelo, Paolo Sgarbossa, Luisa Barbieri, Cristina Leonelli, Isabella Lancellotti, Michelina Catauro, Enrico Bernardo","doi":"10.3390/ma18112628","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112628","url":null,"abstract":"Despite efforts to recycle, boro-alumino-silicate pharmaceutical glass (BASG) results in a significant portion of glass cullet currently landfilled. Highly contaminated fractions of BASG cullet are largely unemployed because of the presence of metals in their composition that prevents recycling. This waste glass can be eligible to produce sustainable alkali-activated materials (AAMs) reducing at the same time consumption of raw materials and CO2 emissions. The 'weak' alkaline attack (NaOH < 3 M) determines the gelation of glass suspensions. Condensation reactions occur in hydrated surface layers, leading to strong bonds (Si-O-Si, Al-O-Si, etc.) between individual glass particles. Alkali are mostly expelled from the gel due to the formation of water-soluble hydrated carbonates. Microwave treatment has been implemented on samples after precuring at 40 °C, saving time and energy and achieving better mechanical properties. To improve the stability and reduce the release of glass components into solution, the consolidated monoliths were subjected to boiling/drying cycles. The chemical stability, cytotoxicity and antibacterial behavior of the final products have been investigated with the purpose of obtaining new competitive and sustainable materials. For further stabilization and for finding new applications, the activated and boiled samples can be fired at low temperature (700 °C) to obtain, respectively, a homogeneous foam or a compact material with glass-like density and microstructure.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on Dry Deashing and Desulfurization of Pulverized Coal via Pulsating Circulating Airflow Technology. 脉动循环气流技术对煤粉干式脱灰脱硫的研究。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112625

Xinjian Yue, Shanshi Chen, Yongmin Zhou

{"title":"Study on Dry Deashing and Desulfurization of Pulverized Coal via Pulsating Circulating Airflow Technology.","authors":"Xinjian Yue, Shanshi Chen, Yongmin Zhou","doi":"10.3390/ma18112625","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112625","url":null,"abstract":"In practical coal preparation processes, influenced by mining methods and mechanization levels, the proportion of fine and even ultrafine pulverized coal continues to increase. However, due to the small particle size, significant inter-particle interactions, and the low efficiency of conventional physical separation techniques, the efficient deashing of fine coal remains a significant technical challenge. Consequently, in the face of growing demand for fine coal processing, efficient and mature dry separation technologies are still lacking. To address this issue, a pulsating circulating airflow separation device was designed and developed in this study to deash and desulfurize pulverized coal with a particle size of less than 1 mm. The effects of gas velocity and pulsating airflow frequency on the deashing performance were investigated. Using Design-Expert software (version 13), an optimized formula for deashing efficiency was established, and the optimal operating parameters were evaluated. The separation results demonstrated that under the optimal conditions of fluidization, the number N = 1.2 and pulsating airflow frequency f = 2.375 Hz, the standard deviation of ash segregation (σash) reached 25%, and the ash content in the cleaned coal was reduced from 37.28% to 22.32% in the cleaned sample. Furthermore, the sulfur content decreased significantly from 0.971% in the raw coal to 0.617% in the cleaned coal, indicating effective desulfurization. In addition, the concentrations of other harmful elements in the raw coal were also reduced to varying degrees. These findings demonstrate that the application of pulsating airflow can effectively enhance ash and sulfur removal from pulverized coal particles smaller than 1 mm. This approach offers a novel and promising method for the dry beneficiation of fine coal particles.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symmetric and Asymmetric Semi-Metallic Gasket Cores and Their Effect on the Tightness Level of the Bolted Flange Joint. 对称和非对称半金属垫片芯及其对螺栓法兰连接密封性的影响。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112624

Przemysław Jaszak, Rafał Grzejda

引用次数: 0

Compressive Strength Tests of Concrete Core Samples with the Addition of Recycled Aggregate. 掺加再生骨料的混凝土芯样抗压强度试验。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112631

Jacek Szpetulski, Grzegorz Sadowski, Bohdan Stawiski

{"title":"Compressive Strength Tests of Concrete Core Samples with the Addition of Recycled Aggregate.","authors":"Jacek Szpetulski, Grzegorz Sadowski, Bohdan Stawiski","doi":"10.3390/ma18112631","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112631","url":null,"abstract":"Compressive strength tests of concrete using core samples are used to determine the strength of concrete elements in building structures. Due to ecology, the use of recycled aggregate in concrete is common. There are more and more concrete structures with recycled aggregate, in which the technical condition must be checked. It is difficult to find scientific studies concerning changes in compressive strength (using core samples of different sizes and using concrete with the addition of recycled aggregates) across the entire thickness of concrete elements. Therefore, studies of the compressive strength of core samples taken across the thickness (top layer, middle layer, bottom layer) of horizontally formed concrete elements with recycled aggregate and clean natural aggregate were conducted. The obtained test results allowed for the determination of the conversion coefficients that enable the compressive strength of the core samples (of different diameters: 59 mm, 74.5 mm, 114 mm, samples taken from different layers of a concrete element with a thickness of 260 mm) to be converted into the compressive strength of the core sample with a diameter of 94 mm and compared with a standard cubic sample with an edge length of 150 mm. The conversion coefficients can be used to determine the quality of the concrete produced or the technical condition of the building (mechanical damage, building reconstruction, building fire). The obtained results of the tests of the concrete samples, which had a compressive strength equal to 40 MPa and were prepared with the addition of recycled aggregate, indicate that there is a decrease of 17% in the strength value in the top layer of the concrete element when compared to its bottom layer. The concrete with a compressive strength of 20 MPa had a lower strength value of its top layer by 33% when compared to its bottom layer. Similar relationships were obtained for concrete with pure natural aggregate.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Laser Parameters on Through-Thickness Local Hardness of Polypropylene Plates. 激光参数对聚丙烯板全厚度局部硬度的影响。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112638

André Guimarães, Daniel Gomes, André Vieira, Serafim M Oliveira

引用次数: 0

In Situ Phase Separation Strategy to Construct Zinc Oxide Dots-Modified Vanadium Nitride Flower-like Heterojunctions as an Efficient Sulfur Nanoreactor for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. 原位相分离策略构建氧化锌点修饰氮化钒花状异质结作为锂硫电池高效硫纳米反应器。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112639

Ningning Chen, Wei Zhou, Minzhe Chen, Ke Yuan, Haofeng Zuo, Aocheng Wang, Dengke Zhao, Nan Wang, Ligui Li

{"title":"In Situ Phase Separation Strategy to Construct Zinc Oxide Dots-Modified Vanadium Nitride Flower-like Heterojunctions as an Efficient Sulfur Nanoreactor for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.","authors":"Ningning Chen, Wei Zhou, Minzhe Chen, Ke Yuan, Haofeng Zuo, Aocheng Wang, Dengke Zhao, Nan Wang, Ligui Li","doi":"10.3390/ma18112639","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112639","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring advanced sulfur cathode materials is important for the development of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), but they still present challenges. Herein, zinc oxide dots-modified vanadium nitride flower-like heterojunctions (Zn-QDs-VN) as sulfur hosts are prepared by a phase separation strategy. Characterizations confirm that the flower structure with high specific surface area and pores improves active site exposure and electron/mass transfer. In situ phase separation enriches the Zn-QDs-VN interface, addressing the issues of uneven distribution and interface reduction of Zn-QDs-VN. Further theoretical computations reveal that ZnO-QDs-VN with optimized intermediate spin states can constitute a stable LiS* bond sequence, which can conspicuously facilitate the adsorption and conversion of LiPSs and reduce the battery reaction energy barrier. Therefore, the ZnO-QDs-VN@S cathode shows a high initial specific capacity of 1109.6 mAh g-1 at 1.0 C and long cycle stability (maintaining 984.2 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles). Under high S loading (8.5 mg cm-2) and lean electrolyte conditions (E/S = 6.5 μL mg-1), it also exhibits a high initial area capacity (10.26 mAh cm-2) at 0.2 C. The interfacial synergistic effect accelerates the adsorption and conversion of LiPSs and reduces the energy barriers in cell reactions. The study provides a new method for designing heterojunctions to achieve high-performance LSBs.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chiral Perovskite Single Crystals: Toward Promising Design and Application. 手性钙钛矿单晶：有前途的设计和应用。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112635

Lin Wang, Jie Ren, Hanying Li

引用次数: 0

Effect of Nano-SiO₂ on the Hydration, Microstructure, and Mechanical Performances of Solid Waste-Based Cementitious Materials. 纳米sio2对固体废物基胶凝材料水化、微观结构和力学性能的影响

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112636

Zian Geng, Yu Zhang, Yiwen Zhou, Jiapeng Duan, Zhuqing Yu

{"title":"Effect of Nano-SiO2 on the Hydration, Microstructure, and Mechanical Performances of Solid Waste-Based Cementitious Materials.","authors":"Zian Geng, Yu Zhang, Yiwen Zhou, Jiapeng Duan, Zhuqing Yu","doi":"10.3390/ma18112636","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112636","url":null,"abstract":"Solid waste-based cementitious materials (SWBC) are composed of steel slag (SS), granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS), fly ash (FA), desulfurization gypsum (DG), and Portland cement (PC). Currently, SWBC holds great potential as a sustainable building material; however, its low early compressive strength and volume expansion limit its range of application. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to enhance the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of SWBC by adding nano-SiO2, while also improving its resistance to chloride ions, thereby promoting its use in the field of sustainable building materials. A comprehensive experimental approach integrating mechanical performance testing, shrinkage analysis, and chloride diffusion coefficient evaluation was established, with the testing methods of thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study found that adding nano-SiO2 enhanced the nucleation of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) gel in hydrated SWBC, leading to improved compressive strength and reduced chloride permeability when SiO2 addition was 0.5%. When the hydration period extends to 28 days, the modified SWBC achieves a compressive strength of 56 MPa. However, excessive nano-SiO2 (≥1%) inhibited the long-term hydration of SWBC but had no significant effect on the final compressive strength.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12155994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chiral Growth of Gold Horns on Polyhedrons for SERS Identification of Enantiomers and Polarized Light-Induced Photothermal Sterilization. 多面体上金角的手性生长及其对映体SERS识别和偏振光诱导光热灭菌。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112627

Bowen Shang, Guijian Guan

{"title":"Chiral Growth of Gold Horns on Polyhedrons for SERS Identification of Enantiomers and Polarized Light-Induced Photothermal Sterilization.","authors":"Bowen Shang, Guijian Guan","doi":"10.3390/ma18112627","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112627","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of chirality into nanomaterials holds significant potential for improving molecular recognition and biomedical technologies. In this work, we fabricated novel chiral horned gold nanostructures (HNS) by controlling the concentration of chiral ligands L-/D-cysteine (Cys). The unique three-dimensional morphology with horns-rotational arrangement enables synergistic optimization of chiral optical responses and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. The proposed chiral HNSs can be used to recognize amino acid enantiomers, in which homochiral amino acid has distinct affinities to the chiral HNSs of homogeneous handedness. The 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MPBA)-modified D-HNS demonstrates significantly enhanced targeting affinity for D-amino acids in the Escherichia coli (E. coli) cell wall, enabling successful amplification of SERS signals and advancing bacterial detection methodologies. By demonstrating the rotation-selective interaction between chiral HNSs and circularly polarized light (CPL), D-HNS exhibits excellent photothermal conversion efficiency under right-handed circularly polarized light (RCP) irradiation. This enables the synergistic combination of targeted physical disruption and photothermal sterilization, which leads to efficient eradication of E. coli. The D-HNS hydrogel composite system further expands the practical application of photothermal sterilization. Altogether, chiral HNSs have achieved SERS detection of bacteria and efficient polarization photothermal sterilization, which helps further develop applications based on chiral nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12155605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of Metallic Zr from ZrO₂ via Carbothermal and Electrochemical Reduction in Molten Salts. 由ZrO2在熔盐中碳热还原和电化学还原制备金属Zr。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma18112634

Wenchen Song, Xu Chen, Yanhong Jia, Mingshuai Yang, Guoan Ye, Fuxing Zhu

{"title":"Preparation of Metallic Zr from ZrO2 via Carbothermal and Electrochemical Reduction in Molten Salts.","authors":"Wenchen Song, Xu Chen, Yanhong Jia, Mingshuai Yang, Guoan Ye, Fuxing Zhu","doi":"10.3390/ma18112634","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112634","url":null,"abstract":"Zirconium, a critical rare metal with exceptional corrosion resistance and nuclear applications, is conventionally produced via the energy-intensive Kroll process. The electrolysis of ZrCxOy soluble anodes has been extensively investigated due to its advantages in having a short process flow and resulting in high-quality products. In particular, during the electrolysis of zirconium oxycarbide with a C:O molar ratio of 1:1, gaseous CO can be released, and no residual anodes are generated, which is extremely appealing. In this regard, this paper explores the feasibility of preparing zirconium metal through high-temperature vacuum reduction to produce zirconium oxycarbide using ZrO2 as the raw material, followed by direct molten-salt electrolysis. Firstly, the reduction products were characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that under a vacuum of <10 Pa at 1750 °C, the reduction products mainly consisted of ZrCxOy and a small amount of ZrO2, and they exhibited good electrical conductivity (0.0169 Ω·cm). Subsequently, the cyclic voltammetry test results of the reduction products revealed the reversible redox behavior of ZrCxOy. There were characteristic oxidation peaks at -0.53 V and -0.01 V (vs. Pt), corresponding to the formation of Zr2+ and Zr4+, respectively, and a reduction peak at -1.51 V, indicating the conversion from Zr2+ to Zr. Finally, β-zirconium metal with a purity of 99.2 ± 0.3 wt.% was obtained through potentiostatic electrolysis, and its quality met the R60704 grade specified in ASTM B551-12 (2021). This study offers a novel approach for the short-flow preparation of zirconium metal, which is conducive to expanding its applications.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0