Materials最新文献

{"title":"The Use of Cyanoacrylate and Glubran in Dentistry: A Review of Clinical Applications and Outcomes.","authors":"Michele Miranda, Francesco Gianfreda, Graziana Molica, Mirko Martelli, Marco Gargari, Patrizio Bollero","doi":"10.3390/ma18112642","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyanoacrylate-based adhesives have gained increasing attention in dentistry for their rapid polymerization, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity. This review analyzes the clinical use of cyanoacrylate adhesives-particularly the Glubran II formulation-in dental procedures, including wound closure, tissue management, and bleeding control. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies published between 2000 and 2024, using specific inclusion criteria (clinical and in vitro studies focusing on dental applications of cyanoacrylates) and exclusion criteria (non-dental uses, insufficient data). The findings indicate that compared to traditional sutures, cyanoacrylates, especially n-butyl and octyl derivatives, significantly reduce operative time, postoperative pain, and infection rates. However, differences among formulations-such as degradation rate and cytotoxicity-require further exploration. Glubran II, in particular, shows promising results in hemostasis and wound stability. This review highlights the potential of cyanoacrylate adhesives as effective, minimally invasive alternatives in dental surgery and underlines the need for standardized protocols and long-term comparative studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Low-Grade Limestone and Solid Waste for the Preparation of High-Belite Portland Cement.","authors":"Jiapeng Duan, Yu Zhang, Suwei Xia, Zian Geng, Wenbo Xin","doi":"10.3390/ma18112641","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, high-belite Portland cement clinker was successfully prepared by using low-grade limestone and solid-waste calcium carbide slag and steel slag, achieving resource utilization while reducing CO₂ emissions caused by raw materials decomposition in the cement industry. Using X-ray diffraction, microscopic images, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, the physicochemical reaction process, phase composition, and microscopy of clinker were studied. The results indicated that the high-belite Portland cement clinker can be successfully produced at 1340 °C for 1 h with a belite content of 58.6% and an alite content of 24.2% when the composition of raw material was suitable. Meanwhile, the content of high-reactive-phase α-C₂S can reach 1.4%. Via microscopic viewing, C₂S and C₃S were interphase distributed and well developed. In this study, the CO₂ emission of the prepared high-belite Portland cement clinker was 54.67% lower than that of ordinary Portland cement clinker. All the above results confirm that high-belite Portland cement clinker can be produced using low-grade limestone and solid wastes, which can significantly reduce CO₂ emission during Portland clinker production and promote an innovative approach to the cement industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Induction Heating Temperature on the Uniformity of Mechanical Properties of Bulb Flat Steel Sections in the Quenched State.","authors":"Zhen Qi, Xiaobing Luo, Fengrui Liang, Feng Chai, Qilu Ge, Zhide Zhan, Chunfang Wang, Wei Fan, Hong Yang, Yitong Liu","doi":"10.3390/ma18112626","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Induction quenching is critical for high-strength bulb flat steel, yet the influence of the heating temperature on mechanical property uniformity across sections remains underexplored. This study systematically investigates the effect of the induction heating temperature on mechanical property uniformity, prior austenite grain size, and microstructural evolution in bulb flat steel. Experimental results reveal that increasing the induction heating temperature from 845 °C to 1045 °C induces distinct mechanical responses: the yield strength disparity between the bulb and flat sections decreases by 93% (from 94 MPa), significantly improving sectional uniformity. Microstructural analysis indicates that prior austenite grain size coarsens with higher induction heating temperatures. The quenched microstructure comprises martensite and bainite in the bulb core, while the flat section is entirely martensitic. The yield strength differential between the bulb and flat sections is governed by temperature-dependent strengthening mechanisms: dislocation strengthening dominates at 845 °C~985 °C, with the bulb region exhibiting higher strength due to increased dislocation density, while grain boundary strengthening prevails at 1045 °C, where the flat region benefits from finer grains.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Correlations in Altermagnet MnTe in Hexagonal Crystal Structure.","authors":"Evgenii D Chernov, Alexey V Lukoyanov","doi":"10.3390/ma18112637","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, we present the results of the first-principles study of altermagnet MnTe crystallized in the hexagonal-type crystal structure. Our theoretical calculations have been performed within density functional theory (DFT) and demonstrated that the altermagnetic phase of MnTe has the lowest total energy corresponding to the stable ground state. The calculations carried out accounting for electronic correlations in DFT+U resulted in significant changes in the electronic structure, as well as magnetic properties of altermagnet MnTe and the increased bandgap. In additional calculations with spin-orbit coupling and electronic correlations (DFT+U+SO), we showed that the bandgap is less than in the DFT+U calculations, but the electronic structure did not change noticeably. In addition, the investigated pressure effects for the compound under study revealed an insulator to metal transition under pressure for the hexagonal-type crystal structure. An experimental finding of a metallic state can be complicated by structural transitions into other phases, not considered in our study, which can occur at high pressures. Experimental measurements for MnTe above 40 GPa are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of a Nano-Laminated Sc₂SnC MAX Phase Coating on SiC Fibers via the Molten Salt Method.","authors":"Chenyang Wang, Lexiang Yin, Peng Li, Qing Huang","doi":"10.3390/ma18112633","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incorporation of MAX phase interface layers into silicon carbide (SiC) composites has been shown to significantly enhance mechanical properties, particularly under irradiation conditions. However, conventional Ti-based MAX phases suffer from thermal instability and tend to decompose at high temperatures. In this work, an Sc₂SnC coating was successfully synthesized onto the surface of SiC fibers (SiC_f) via an in situ reaction between metals and pyrolytic carbon (PyC) in a molten salt environment. The PyC layer, pre-deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), served as both a carbon source and a structural template. Characterization by SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of Sc₂SnC coatings with a distinctive hexagonal flake-like morphology, accompanied by an internal ScC_x intermediate layer. By turning the Sc-to-Sn ratio in the molten salt, coatings with varied morphologies were achieved. ScC_x was identified as a critical intermediate phase in the synthesis process. The formation of numerous defects during the reaction enhanced element diffusion, resulting in preferential growth orientations and diverse grain structures in the Sc₂SnC coating.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12155785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Electrodeposition Potential on the Chemical Composition, Structure and Magnetic Properties of FeCo and FeNi Nanowires.","authors":"Anna Nykiel, Alain Walcarius, Malgorzata Kac","doi":"10.3390/ma18112629","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study focused on investigations of FeCo and FeNi nanowires prepared by template-assisted electrodeposition in polycarbonate membranes. Nanowires with a diameter of 100 nm and length of 6 µm were grown at different cathodic potentials and electrolyte compositions. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed densely packed arrays of continuous nanowires with smooth surfaces without visible porosity, regardless of the applied potential. Chemical analysis of nanowires pointed out weak sensitivity of chemical composition on the electrodeposition potential in the case of FeCo nanowires, in contrast to FeNi nanowires, where the increase of the cathodic potential resulted in higher Ni content. X-ray diffraction studies showed polycrystalline structure for all samples indicating B2 phase (Pm-3m) with isotropic growth of FeCo nanowires and FeNi₃ phase with a preferential growth along [111] direction in the case of FeNi nanowires. The peak broadening suggests a fine crystalline structure for both FeCo and FeNi materials with average crystallite sizes below 20 nm. Magnetic studies indicated an easy axis of magnetization parallel to the nanowire axis for all FeCo nanowires and potential-dependent anisotropy for FeNi nanowires. The present studies thus suggested the feasibility of producing segmented nanowires based on FeNi alloys, while poor chemical sensitivity to the applied potential was observed for the FeCo system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12155653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micromodification Mechanism and High-Temperature Rheological Properties of Activated Rubber/Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Compound-Modified Asphalt.","authors":"Kai Zhang, Xuwen Zhong, Xukun Huang, Weihua Wan, Hai Zhou, Bin Liu","doi":"10.3390/ma18112643","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, research on the modification mechanisms of activated rubber/SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) composites and the microscopic processes involved remains limited. To investigate the impact of the rubber activation treatment combined with SBS modifier on asphalt modification, this study employs composite-modified asphalt formulations using either a conventional mix or activated rubber in conjunction with SBS. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to analyze the chemical components and microscopic morphology of the composite-modified asphalt following activation treatment. Microscopic analysis revealed that the asphalt stirred for 20 min has a characteristic peak with a wave number of 966 cm^-1, while the characteristic peak with a wave number of 700 cm^-1 is not obvious. That is, the asphalt sample contains the polybutadiene component and a reduced amount of the polystyrene component. Therefore, it can be inferred that the asphalt sample only contains activated rubber, along with less SBS modifier content. Traditional rubber undergoes significant expansion reactions during the mixing stage, but there are difficulties in degradation, which leave large particles and reduce the proportions of the lightweight asphalt components. However, active rubber and SBS mainly expand and degrade more completely during the shear stage, forming many micro-volume particles in asphalt. Additionally, frequency scanning and multiple creep recovery tests were conducted to evaluate the high-temperature rheological properties of the asphalt. The results indicate that activated rubber, doped at 20%, and SBS, doped at 2%, significantly enhance the high-temperature rheological properties of the composite-modified asphalt compared to base asphalt, exhibiting a 417.16% increase in the complex modulus at 64 °C and 1 Hz. Furthermore, these modifiers interact synergistically to improve modification efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particleboards with Various Biomass Residues.","authors":"Electra Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Moutousidis, Christos Achelonoudis, Stavros Tsompanidis, Christina Kyriakou-Tziamtzi, Konstantinos Chrissafis, Dimitrios N Bikiaris","doi":"10.3390/ma18112632","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particleboards were developed by replacing a part of wood with various biomass residues, including coffee bean husks, spent coffee grounds, thistle, <i>Sideritis</i> and dead leaves of <i>Posidonia oceanica</i>. These materials were analysed to determine their physicochemical properties like the moisture content, pH, and buffer capacity, using standard laboratory techniques, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were also used for their further characterisation. The results revealed that all biomasses contained cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in varying proportions, along with differing degrees of crystallinity. To produce particleboards, the biomasses were bonded using two types of adhesives: (a) conventional urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) and (b) polymeric 4,4'-methylene diphenyl isocyanate (pMDI). Laboratory-scale, single-layer particleboards were manufactured simulating industrial production practices. These panels were evaluated for their mechanical and physical properties according to European standards. The findings showed a general reduction in mechanical performance when compared to conventional wood-based panels. However, panels made with coffee grounds and <i>Posidonia</i> showed improved resistance to thickness swelling after 24 h in water at 20 °C. Additionally, all experimental panels exhibited lower formaldehyde content than wood-based reference panels. This study demonstrated the feasibility of upcycling biomass residues as a sustainable alternative to virgin wood in the production of particleboard, providing a resource-efficient solution for specific interior applications within a circular economy framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-CT Assessment of Internal and External Void Formation in Class II Restorations of Primary Molars Using Bulk-Fill Composites.","authors":"Ralitsa Gigova, Krasimir Hristov","doi":"10.3390/ma18112621","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the formation of internal and external voids in class II restorations of primary molars using bulk-fill composites with different viscosities through micro-CT analysis. Standardized class II cavities were prepared on 50 extracted intact primary molars. The teeth were restored with bulk-fill materials of varying viscosity: SDR, Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill, Viscalor bulk, Cention forte, and a control group (Dyract XP). They were then scanned using a computed microtomograph. The volumes of the internal and external voids were quantified and expressed as percentages (%) of the total restoration volume. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test (α = 0.05). The detected external and internal voids ranged from 0.19% to 0.62%. The data indicated no significant difference in the formation of external voids among the various bulk-fill materials or the control group (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Significantly fewer internal voids were observed with more flowable materials and when heat was applied (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The highest percentage of internal and external voids was observed when the layering restorative technique was used. It was concluded that in class II bulk-fill composite restorations in primary dentition, the percentages of both external and internal voids were relatively small compared with the entire volume of the restoration and decreased when more flowable materials were used.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Analysis of Low-Frequency Sound Absorption Owing to the Vibration of Lightweight Powder Using a 1D Beam Model.","authors":"Shuichi Sakamoto, Yuya Kawakami, Hiroaki Soeta, Yosuke Kubo","doi":"10.3390/ma18112611","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18112611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lightweight powder-based sound-absorbing materials are characterized by sound absorption peaks at lower frequencies compared to other sound absorption materials of the same thickness. This behavior is attributed to the excitation of longitudinal vibration modes in the powder particles by incident sound waves, wherein acoustic energy is converted into kinetic energy and subsequently dissipated through interparticle interactions. These lightweight, fine powders are artificially engineered acoustic materials. Despite their structural simplicity, they exhibit emergent and complex sound absorption behaviors through fundamental vibrational mechanisms. Representing the powder layer with a transfer matrix simplifies model-based development and enhances versatility as an acoustic element. The powder layer was modeled as a longitudinally oscillating 1D beam, and transfer matrix of the powder layer was derived. To verify the obtained transfer matrix, the experimental values were compared with the theoretical values for a single powder layer. In addition, both were compared for the case of other acoustic elements stacked on top of each other, which were close to each other. The theoretical values were compared with the experimental values, which were close to each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}