Macromolecular Materials and Engineering最新文献_第5页

Morphology and Structure of PEDOT:Nafion: Insights from Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulations PEDOT:Nafion的形态和结构：来自实验和分子动力学模拟的见解

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500473

Mohsen Modarresi, Mirko Prato, Stefano Carli, Edoardo Marchini, Igor Zozoulenko

{"title":"Morphology and Structure of PEDOT:Nafion: Insights from Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulations","authors":"Mohsen Modarresi, Mirko Prato, Stefano Carli, Edoardo Marchini, Igor Zozoulenko","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500473","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500473","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/Nafion is a promising mixed ionic–electronic conducting polymer. However, in contrast to the well-studied PEDOT:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) system, the nanoscale morphology and the relationship between crystallinity and composition in PEDOT/Nafion remain insufficiently explored and therefore poorly understood. In this work, we investigate the morphology and structural organization of PEDOT/Nafion by combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This combined approach enables us to directly link surface composition, bulk crystallinity, and molecular-scale packing in PEDOT/Nafion—insights that are not accessible from PEDOT:PSS or Nafion-only studies. XPS revealed two distinct sulfur environments associated with PEDOT and Nafion, with a sulfonic-acid-to-thiophene-group ratio RS/T of ≈ 2.3. XRD analysis showed PEDOT crystallites with an average π–π stacking size of about 2.1 nm. MD simulations provided molecular-level insight into the effect of composition, demonstrating that higher Nafion content disrupts PEDOT stacking, yielding smaller crystallites (∼1.1 nm), while reduced Nafion content promotes better ordering (∼1.4–1.8 nm). These findings establish a clear correlation between composition and crystallinity, supporting a model where the surface is Nafion-rich and the bulk has a lower RS/T ratio. The combined experimental–computational approach offers a comprehensive understanding of PEDOT morphology and valuable guidance for the design of mixed ion–electron conducting polymers.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chewable Soft Gelatin Capsules: Design and Formulation Strategies for a Patient-Preferred Dosage Alternative 可咀嚼软明胶胶囊：设计和配方策略，为患者首选的剂量选择

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-25 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500323

Almudena Naharros-Molinero, María Ángela Caballo-González, Francisco Javier de la Mata, Sandra García-Gallego

{"title":"Chewable Soft Gelatin Capsules: Design and Formulation Strategies for a Patient-Preferred Dosage Alternative","authors":"Almudena Naharros-Molinero, María Ángela Caballo-González, Francisco Javier de la Mata, Sandra García-Gallego","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500323","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500323","url":null,"abstract":"Chewable softgels represent a novel dosage form that significantly enhances patient compliance, particularly among pediatric and geriatric populations. This formulation offers advantages such as ease of use and improved swallowing characteristics, as well as an opportunity for enhancement of the sensorial properties of conventional softgel products. Challenges remain in the formulation process for both shell and fill formulation, including the optimization of the shell chewable properties, the selection of active ingredients and excipients for pharma- and nutraceutical applications, ensuring bioavailability, and maintaining product stability throughout its shelf life. A critical aspect of development is the implementation of taste masking strategies to improve palatability. Balancing taste masking with the release efficiency of active ingredients is essential for achieving optimal bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness, thereby improving patient adherence to medication regimens. Ideally, a combination of effective shell formulations, optimized fill formulations, and advanced taste-masking strategies culminates in the creation of a product that meets therapeutic requirements while being enjoyable for patients to consume. This review aims to offer a guide for pharmaceutical developers in creating chewable softgel formulations that align with modern expectations of patient-centric medication delivery.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147562991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning Prediction of Raster Angle Effects on Mechanical Properties of Extrusion-Based Additively Manufactured Conductive Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites 栅格角对挤出增材制造导电热塑性聚氨酯复合材料力学性能影响的机器学习预测

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-25 Epub Date: 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500248

Imran Khan, Ans Al Rashid, Muammer Koç

{"title":"Machine Learning Prediction of Raster Angle Effects on Mechanical Properties of Extrusion-Based Additively Manufactured Conductive Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites","authors":"Imran Khan, Ans Al Rashid, Muammer Koç","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500248","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) is frequently used for modeling complex relationships between material properties and processing conditions in additive manufacturing (AM). In this study, we investigated how fused filament fabrication (FFF) of conductive thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is affected by raster angle (RA). Nineteen different RA configurations (0°-90°) were tested and Young's modulus (E), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), break strain (BS), and strain energy density (SED), were measured. The results reveal anisotropic behavior, with RA = 45° yielding the best overall performance (E = 83.45 MPa, UTS = 6.47 MPa, BS = 89.85%, and SED = 4.368 MJ/m3), according to a composite desirability optimization. To capture and predict these trends, 35 supervised regression algorithms were implemented and compared for various metrics. High-order polynomial regression (Poly6) and support vector regressors with polynomial kernels (SVR-Poly6) achieved the best predictive accuracy, yielding a test R2 of up to 0.957. Moreover, top ML models predicted intermediate RAs (7.5°, 47.5°, 72.5°) within ±5% of the experimental values. This validated, data-driven framework enables optimization for flexible, load-bearing, and electrically functional 3D-printed composites.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cellulose From Aloe Vera Plant Waste as Crosslinker for Vat 3D Printable Vitrimers: Toward a Circular Economy Approach in Additive Manufacturing 来自芦荟植物废料的纤维素作为大罐3D打印玻璃体的交联剂：在增材制造中走向循环经济方法

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500375

Sara Bergia, Maria Vittoria Piras, Francesco Secci, Guido Ennas, Sara Paniziutti, Francesca Frascella, Alessandra Cabizza, Ignazio Roppolo, Annalisa Chiappone

{"title":"Cellulose From Aloe Vera Plant Waste as Crosslinker for Vat 3D Printable Vitrimers: Toward a Circular Economy Approach in Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Sara Bergia, Maria Vittoria Piras, Francesco Secci, Guido Ennas, Sara Paniziutti, Francesca Frascella, Alessandra Cabizza, Ignazio Roppolo, Annalisa Chiappone","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500375","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500375","url":null,"abstract":"The reduction of the environmental impact of photocurable resins, commonly used in vat 3D printing, is an urgent request. In order to truly enable vat additive manufacturing (AM) to adopt a circular economy approach, this can be done by both selecting non-fossil carbon feedstocks and considering the end-of-life and reprocessability of the resulting thermosets. Pursuing this goal, we present the study of a 3D printing-compatible vitrimeric resin capable of dynamically reorganizing the polymeric network and exhibiting self-repair properties following heat treatment at 160°C. For the development of the resin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is extracted from aloe vera peel, the main waste from the cultivation of this plant. MCC is then functionalized and used as an added-value crosslinker for the monofunctional monomer 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate (HPPA), which is considered green as it can be obtained from renewable resources. The material studied possesses excellent printing resolution, remodeling, and self-healing ability, leading to a significant recovery of mechanical properties after breakage. This work highlights the possibility of combining renewable raw materials, waste utilization, and vitrimeric chemistry to create sustainable, easily recyclable resins.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147568947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microencapsulation of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Essential Oil and Salicylic Acid via in Situ Polymerization and Their Immobilization onto a Cellulosic Substrate 柠檬草精油和水杨酸的原位聚合微胶囊化及其在纤维素基质上的固定化

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500408

Fabricio Maestá Bezerra, Maria Eduarda Paschoalino Peres Zurita, Caroline Apoloni Cionek, Gisely Andressa Pires, Manuel Jose Lis, Murilo Pereira Moisés, Juan Paulo Hinestroza

引用次数: 0

Development and Characterization of 3d-Printed Chitosan-Copper Catalytic Supports for the Conversion of Biomass-Derived Products 3d打印壳聚糖-铜催化载体用于生物质衍生产品转化的开发和表征

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500298

Erika Blânzeanu, Derniza-Elena Cozorici, Ionuț-Cristian Radu, Minodora Marin, Marian Nicolae Verziu, Anca Dumitru, Bogdan Ștefan Vasile, Horia Iovu, Rafael Luque, Cătălin Zaharia

{"title":"Development and Characterization of 3d-Printed Chitosan-Copper Catalytic Supports for the Conversion of Biomass-Derived Products","authors":"Erika Blânzeanu, Derniza-Elena Cozorici, Ionuț-Cristian Radu, Minodora Marin, Marian Nicolae Verziu, Anca Dumitru, Bogdan Ștefan Vasile, Horia Iovu, Rafael Luque, Cătălin Zaharia","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500298","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500298","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the development of a 3D-printed heterogeneous catalyst fabricated via masked stereolithography (MSLA) and based on a chitosan-copper complex. Chitosan, a biodegradable and low-cost biopolymer derived from shrimp shell waste, was explored as a ligand for coordinating a copper-based active phase within a photocurable resin matrix. To improve its integration and dispersion in the resin, chitosan extracted from the carapace and abdominal regions of shrimp shells was enzymatically degraded. The resulting samples were characterized by FTIR-ATR, DLS, and 1H NMR to determine molecular weight and degree of deacetylation. The powdered chitosan-CuCl2 complexes were then incorporated into a bio-based resin and 3D-printed into porous catalytic supports. SEM and EDS analyses revealed surface porosity and copper distribution, while micro-CT showed improved internal homogeneity for samples containing degraded chitosan. Solvent exposure tests and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the chemical and thermal stability of the printed objects. The 3D-printed structures were evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde using H2O2 as a green oxidant. The catalysts demonstrated promising activity, showing the potential of this approach for valorizing biomass-derived aromatic alcohols into higher-value chemicals. These results highlight a sustainable pathway for integrating food-waste-derived biopolymers into advanced catalytic materials.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147568948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metal Ionic Liquids (MILs) as Promising Catalytic Curing Agents of Epoxy Prepolymer for the Design of High-Performance Networks 金属离子液体作为环氧预聚物的催化固化剂在高性能网络设计中的应用

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500455

Léa Simonnet, Hynek Beneš, Jan Honzíček, Petra Ecorchard, Jannick Duchet-Rumeau, Sébastien Livi

{"title":"Metal Ionic Liquids (MILs) as Promising Catalytic Curing Agents of Epoxy Prepolymer for the Design of High-Performance Networks","authors":"Léa Simonnet, Hynek Beneš, Jan Honzíček, Petra Ecorchard, Jannick Duchet-Rumeau, Sébastien Livi","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500455","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500455","url":null,"abstract":"A new promising alternative to substitute conventional hardeners of epoxy prepolymers such as amine and anhydride is reported in this work. Here, imidazolium metal-based ionic liquids (MILs) containing (CoCl4)2 −, (MnCl4)2 − and (ZnCl4)2 − anions are used for the first time as catalytic curing agents of a tetrafunctional epoxy prepolymer denoted N,N,N’,N’-tetraglycidyl-4,4’-diaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) used in advanced composite materials. These MILs, easily synthesizable from inexpensive metallic salts, are proven to be effective catalytic curing agents for the polymerization of tetrafunctional epoxy monomers. In fact, their use leads to a high epoxy group conversion for very small ILs amounts (3 and 5 phr, i.e. parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin) and they act as latent hardeners, allowing to control the polymerization. Thus, we have evaluated the influence of the chemical nature of the counter anions as well as the MIL content (3-5-10 phr) on polymerization kinetics and physical properties of the crosslinked epoxy materials. The networks exhibit excellent thermal stability (> 350°C), high glass transition temperature (180°C) and good thermomechanical properties, making them good candidates for high-performance composite materials. Moreover, others key features for epoxy networks such as mechanical performances and water sensibility were determined, and the morphologies of the networks highlighting the structuration of MILs were investigated by SEM micrographs.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500455","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147300037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design Principles and Mechanics: A Review of Emerging Paradigms in Intervertebral Disc Regeneration and Replacement 设计原则和力学：椎间盘再生和置换新范式的回顾

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1002/mame.70199

Vinayak Vijayan, Lihua Lou

{"title":"Design Principles and Mechanics: A Review of Emerging Paradigms in Intervertebral Disc Regeneration and Replacement","authors":"Vinayak Vijayan, Lihua Lou","doi":"10.1002/mame.70199","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.70199","url":null,"abstract":"Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide, imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden, particularly among aging and obese populations. Intervertebral disc degeneration is a major contributor, yet current solutions, like fusion and total disc replacement, fail to fully restore physiological function. Fusion restricts mobility and accelerates adjacent segment degeneration, while current prostheses and replacement devices often lack mechanical fidelity to the native disc. This review highlights the pressing need for next-generation IVD replacements that replicate both the mechanical behavior and biological functionality of native tissue. We outline the spatially varying mechanical properties of the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus, and examine how current solutions, such as minimally invasive procedures, and artificial constructs, both cellular and acellular, attempt to match these benchmarks. A design framework is presented that links mechanical functional targets with strategies, including region-specific architecture, multi-material scaffolds, fiber alignment, and biological functional targets with bioactivity enhancement through cell therapy, gene delivery, exosome therapy, and immunomodulation. Future efforts must prioritize spatial tunability of mechanical properties, mimic those of the native intervertebral disc, and promote biological activity to enhance integration, through upregulation of regenerative signals and suppression of inflammatory pathways.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.70199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147299886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Analysis of 3D Printed Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) and PEKK-Hydroxyapatite Composites: Establishing the Reference Enthalpy of Fusion for Crystalline PEKK 7003 3D打印聚醚酮酮（PEKK）和PEKK-羟基磷灰石复合材料的形态学、热学和力学分析：建立PEKK 7003晶体的参考熔化焓

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500436

Frances Hasson, Krzysztof Rodzeń, Joanna Ward, Alistair McIlhagger, Eiméar O'Donnell, Adrian Boyd

{"title":"Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Analysis of 3D Printed Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) and PEKK-Hydroxyapatite Composites: Establishing the Reference Enthalpy of Fusion for Crystalline PEKK 7003","authors":"Frances Hasson, Krzysztof Rodzeń, Joanna Ward, Alistair McIlhagger, Eiméar O'Donnell, Adrian Boyd","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500436","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500436","url":null,"abstract":"The enthalpy of fusion (ΔHf) is a critical parameter for determining the degree of crystallinity in semi-crystalline polymers such as polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). Despite its increasing application in high-performance and biomedical fields, the widely accepted theoretical ΔHf value of 130 J/g for 100% crystalline PEKK is based on assumptions drawn from related polymers like PEEK. Furthermore, this value may not accurately reflect the behavior of PEKK composite materials. Hydroxyapatite (HA) fillers are increasingly being used in biomedical applications to enhance the bioactivity of normally bioinert materials. However, the presence of HA may influence the crystallization kinetics of the polymer. In this study, the standard ΔHf100% value was re-evaluated by implementing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements on 3D printed PEKK samples subjected to controlled thermal treatments, to maximize the crystalline fraction. The findings suggest a refined theoretical value of 155.24 ± 5.39 J/g for the ΔHf100% for the PEKK 7003 matrix and offer an indication of how this value transfers to PEKK-HA composites. This work offers a more accurate basis for the thermal and morphological characterization of PEKK, with implications for both structural and biomedical contexts.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500436","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-Phytocompound-Loaded Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles: Formulation, Characterization, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antitumor Evaluation 双植物化合物负载的聚己内酯纳米颗粒：配方、表征、体外抗氧化和抗肿瘤评价

IF 4.6 3区材料科学

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1002/mame.202500456

Cyril Tlou Selepe, Khanyisile Sheer Dhlamini, Lesego Tshweu, Zandile Nxumalo, Nkoana Ishmael Mongalo, Maropeng Vellry Raletsena, Lusisizwe Kwezi, Bathabile Ramalapa, Suprakas Sinha Ray

{"title":"Dual-Phytocompound-Loaded Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles: Formulation, Characterization, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antitumor Evaluation","authors":"Cyril Tlou Selepe, Khanyisile Sheer Dhlamini, Lesego Tshweu, Zandile Nxumalo, Nkoana Ishmael Mongalo, Maropeng Vellry Raletsena, Lusisizwe Kwezi, Bathabile Ramalapa, Suprakas Sinha Ray","doi":"10.1002/mame.202500456","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mame.202500456","url":null,"abstract":"Betulinic acid (BA) and taraxerol (TA) have gained attention for their potent pharmacological antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, their poor water solubility limits clinical use. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocarriers were prepared via a single emulsion–solvent evaporation method to co-encapsulate BA and TA, thereby improving their solubility, stability, and bioavailability. The resulting particles had an average size of 261 ± 7.70 nm and a zeta potential of −18.00 ± 0.21 mV. Encapsulation efficiency was 82.77% for BA and 69.84% for TA, with drug loadings of 6.57 ± 0.45% and 5.54 ± 0.23%, respectively. XRD study confirmed the formulation's amorphous state, which favors drug dissolution, and TEM showed a spherical shape. In vitro release tests revealed a biphasic pattern: an initial burst followed by sustained release. The co-encapsulated nanocarriers exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity compared to free and individually encapsulated compounds, as shown by improved free radical scavenging. Additionally, the nanoformulation demonstrated significant antiproliferative effects against HepG2 and HeLa cell lines, indicating strong antitumor potential. These results suggest that PCL nanocarriers co-loaded with BA and TA provide a versatile and effective platform to enhance the therapeutic effects of natural triterpenoids, with promising applications for managing oxidative stress–related conditions and cancer.","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"311 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202500456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0