{"title":"In Situ Gels for Nasal Delivery: Formulation, Characterization and Applications","authors":"Li Qian, Michael T. Cook, Cécile A. Dreiss","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The nasal route offers many advantages for drug delivery: quick onset of action, better patient compliance, avoidance of first-pass metabolism and bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Despite the potential of this route, several challenges exist, such as the short drug retention time caused by mucociliary clearance (MCC). In situ forming gels, which undergo a sol-to-gel transition with specific triggers at the site of action, present real opportunities in this field. They combine the intrinsic characteristics of hydrogels (elasticity and water-holding capacity) with responsiveness, allowing easy application of drugs (spraying or extruding through a nozzle), as well as prolonged retention in the nasal cavity. The incorporation of mucoadhesive polymers, additives and nanocarriers can further tune the properties of in situ gels as nasal delivery platforms. This review summarizes advances in in situ gels for nasal drug delivery. We first describe challenges of the nasal route, target properties of in situ nasal gels, and then present both “classic” gelling polymers (poloxamers and polysaccharides) – which form the bulk of reported studies on nasal gels – as well as novel bespoke materials; we review characterization methods, highlighting the lack of standardization and accepted target values, then discuss applications by spraying, and conclude with future prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rusheni B. Senanayake, Houlei Gan, Dan Liu, Asanka P. Basnayake, Michael T. Heitzmann, Russell J. Varley
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of DOPO Modified Tetraglycidyl Eugenol Cyclic Siloxane Resins Cured with Tannic Acid","authors":"Rusheni B. Senanayake, Houlei Gan, Dan Liu, Asanka P. Basnayake, Michael T. Heitzmann, Russell J. Varley","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, a tetra glycidyl eugenol cyclic siloxane resin (TGED<sub>4</sub>) is synthesized, then further modified with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenathrene-10-oxide (DOPO) to produce Si and P epoxy resins. After blending with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and curing with tannic acid (TA), high performance, fire-retardant polymer networks are created. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) confirms the networks are highly cured and have low extractable content, while dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) displays a lower T<sub>g</sub> and heterogeneous network with increasing DOPO. The networks display a maximum improvement in flexural modulus, strength, and strain to failure of 20.6%, 55.5%, and 78.8% respectively, and at 65.4 MPa strength and 2.8 GPa modulus are comparable to high-performance networks. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that increasing P reduces thermal stability, but contributes to higher char yield despite lower Si. The fire retardancy improve markedly measured via limiting oxygen index (LOI), increasing from 26.5% to a maximum of 35.5%, while V-0 behavior is readily achieved at the lowest DOPO content. Cone colorimetry further reduces peak heat release rate (PHHR) and total heat release rate (THHR) by 28% and 42%. This work presents hybrid bio-derived epoxy resins with excellent fire retardancy and good mechanical properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4D Bioprinting: Keeping the Technology Alive","authors":"Patrick Imrie, Jianyong Jin","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400386","url":null,"abstract":"<p>4D bioprinting is a groundbreaking technology with potential to revolutionize healthcare. It is based on additive manufacturing technologies, which are used to fabricate dynamic prosthetics and devices from biologically compatible smart materials that respond to stimuli. The ultimate end of 4D bioprinting is the creation of an artificial organ that perfectly mimics the functional movements of a native organ and is fully integrated within the human body. In this perspective, two phases are identified toward this end. The first is minimally invasive surgery (MIS) using shape memory composites stimulated by near-infrared (NIR) light and/or magnetic fields. The second is dynamic tissue engineering (DTE) with activation by biological stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamid Heidari Kashkooli, Arian Farokh, Sajad Mohammadi, Martina Marcotulli, Silvia Franco, Roberta Angelini, Giancarlo Ruocco, Hanieh Khalili, Gianluca Cidonio
{"title":"Localised Therapies Using 3D-Printed Collagen-Based Micro-Implant for Ocular Indications","authors":"Hamid Heidari Kashkooli, Arian Farokh, Sajad Mohammadi, Martina Marcotulli, Silvia Franco, Roberta Angelini, Giancarlo Ruocco, Hanieh Khalili, Gianluca Cidonio","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400236","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current limitations in treating retinal diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are due to the short ocular residence time of biologics and the difficulty of precise drug delivery. In turn, frequent injections are required, hindering patient compliance, and increasing healthcare costs. This study explores the development of a collagen-based implant using 3D bioprinting platform to address these challenges. The implant offers dual functionalities: i) sustained and localized drug delivery using in situ polymerization collagen (IPC) to act as reservoirs for prolonged release of biologics to the target tissue and ii) scaffold stability through the incorporation of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) to enhance the mechanical properties of the IPC implant, making it suitable for 3D printing of targeted drug delivery systems. This data demonstrates that IPC-HAMA implants exhibit slow drug release and scaffold stability for over 80 days. Additionally, 3D bioprinting enables precise targeting and volumetric control within the simulated vitreous humor, overcoming challenges associated with traditional injection methods. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize drug delivery and localized tissue therapy for retinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gergő Róth, Tibor Nagy, Ákos Kuki, Levente Novák, Dávid Nyul, Miklós Zsuga, Sándor Kéki
{"title":"Detailed Compositional and Structure–Property Analysis of Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Triblock Copolymers","authors":"Gergő Róth, Tibor Nagy, Ákos Kuki, Levente Novák, Dávid Nyul, Miklós Zsuga, Sándor Kéki","doi":"10.1002/mame.202570001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202570001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Front Cover</b>: A detailed analysis of PEO-PPO based block copolymers revealed the presence of diblock copolymers, which modify their HLB values. By analyzing the copolymers, the authors mapped the composition-property relationships then an artificial neural network was created providing the properties of polymer solutions for any estimated copolymer composition. More details can be found in article 2400297 by Sándor Kéki and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202570001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Kakapour, Saied Nouri Khorasani, Shahla Khalili, Mahshid Hafezi, Mehdi Sattari-Najafabadi, Mahsa Najarzadegan, Samin Saleki, Shadab Bagheri-Khoulenjani
{"title":"An Injectable IPN Nanocomposite Hydrogel Embedding Nano Silica for Tissue Engineering Application","authors":"Ali Kakapour, Saied Nouri Khorasani, Shahla Khalili, Mahshid Hafezi, Mehdi Sattari-Najafabadi, Mahsa Najarzadegan, Samin Saleki, Shadab Bagheri-Khoulenjani","doi":"10.1002/mame.202570003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202570003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Back Cover</b>: In article 2400242, Saied Nouri Khorasani and co-workers discuss the development of a IPN hydrogel of GelMA and alginate, reinforced with nano silica. The resulted hydrogel exhibits enhanced physical, rheological and mechanical properties, and biocompatibility, making it a promising candidate for cartilage tissue engineering. The incorporation of nano silica improves the structural integrity, injectability, and functionality of the hydrogel, facilitating better integration with biological tissues.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202570003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Özlem Altundag-Erdogan, Hayrullah Çetinkaya, Mustafa Özgür Öteyaka, Betül Çelebi-Saltik
{"title":"Targeting MDA-MB-231 Cancer Stem Cells With Temsirolimus in 3D Collagen/PGA/Na2SiO3-Based Bone Model","authors":"Özlem Altundag-Erdogan, Hayrullah Çetinkaya, Mustafa Özgür Öteyaka, Betül Çelebi-Saltik","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the efficacy of temsirolimus in a 3D model mimicking breast cancer stem cell (CSC) metastasis to bone. A composite material (collagen/PGA/Na₂SiO₃) is used to create a scaffold with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MSCs maintained over 80% viability for 21 days on the scaffold. Calcium analysis shows increased calcium release in both control (3-fold, 2.7-fold) and osteogenic (2.3-fold, 2.5-fold) mediums on days 14 and 21. Gene expression analysis reveals higher levels of Osteopontin (OPN) (6-fold), Osteocalcin (OCN) (12-fold), and RUNX Family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) (1.8-fold) in the osteogenic medium (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The impact of 5 µM temsirolimus treatment for 6 hours is assessed under control and dynamic culture conditions, reducing mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-related protein levels (phospho (p)-mTOR and p-AKT) in CSCs. The composite material is characterized through viscosity and compression testing, confirming its suitability for supporting osteogenic differentiation and cell viability (WST-1, Alizarin Red Staining, Calcium Assay, RT-qPCR). Gene expression of CSCs, selected based on CD133 expression, shows elevated stemness-associated genes (OCT4, NANOG), EMT (MMP2, CXCR4, CDH1, CDH2), and drug resistance (ABCG1, ABCG2) in the CD133⁺ group in dynamic condition. Temsirolimus treatment reduces the expression of these genes by 21-fold to 7.52-fold (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings suggest temsirolimus as a promising therapeutic for CSC metastasis to bone.</p><p>[Correction added on April 8, 2025, after first online publication: the word CHD is updated to CDH in this version.]</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ajinkya Raut, Jacob L. Meyer, Mohammad Naraghi, Andreas A. Polycarpou
{"title":"Exploring Self-Repair Capabilities of ATSP Vitrimers for Crack Mitigation in Aerospace Applications","authors":"Ajinkya Raut, Jacob L. Meyer, Mohammad Naraghi, Andreas A. Polycarpou","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400327","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vitrimers, although categorized as thermosetting polymers, differ from traditional ones in that their thermally induced crosslinks undergo reconfiguration through covalent bond exchanges in response to thermal stimuli. Exchangeable bonds present significant and distinctive advantages for thermoset-based aerospace composites, facilitating capabilities such as self-repair and crack arrest through molecular bridging. In this work, the self-healing behavior of four different blends of Aromatic Thermosetting Copolyester (ATSP) coatings, which are high-performance vitrimer polymers, is tested by introducing micro-scratches on the surface and healing them at higher temperatures. In three blends, the scratches are completely healed indicating complete repair. This property of the ATSP coatings can be useful in extreme conditions where micro-cracks lead to failure. The healing ability of the vitrimers is discussed in terms of their mechanical properties and morphological parameters such as branch density.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of CuO/Al2O3 and NiO Loaded Form-Stabilized Composite Phase Change Materials with Improved Thermal Properties and Comparison of their Thermal Energy Storage Characteristics","authors":"Beyza Nur KÜÇÜKER, Hatice Hande MERT","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202400379","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alumina supported copper oxide (CuO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and Nickel Oxide (NiO) loaded polymer composite matrices supported n-hexadecane (HD) based composite phase change materials (PCMs) are prepared and characterized. The polymer composites assigned as supporting matrices for shape-stabilization of PCM are synthesized by emulsion-templating approach, and the composite PCMs are prepared by impregnation of HD into polymer composite matrices. The effect of CuO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and NiO particles of different sizes used as heat transfer promoters in the supporting matrices, on the morphological properties, thermal stabilities, and latent heat storage characteristics (LHS) of the composite PCMs are evaluated using different characterization methods. The melting temperature of the obtained composite PCMs is found to be ≈18 °C and the latent heat of melting values varied in the range of 95.0−114.5 J g<sup>−1</sup>. The heat transfer properties of the composite PCMs are investigated by performing a T-History test for obtaining heat storage and release curves. The composite PCMs with NiO loaded supporting matrices are exhibited higher thermal stability and heat storage capacity in addition to enhanced thermal conduction properties than the CuO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> included composite PCMs. According to the results, it is revealed that shape-stabilized, thermally enhanced composite PCMs are remarkable energy storage materials with the potential for use in low-temperature thermal energy storage systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"310 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}