Lipids最新文献

{"title":"Photooxidation of 18-Carbon Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids to Prepare Mono-Hydroxylated Octadecanoids","authors":"Johanna Revol-Cavalier,&nbsp;Mats Hamberg,&nbsp;Craig E. Wheelock","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oxylipins are oxygenated products of fatty acids that are being increasingly studied due to their role in multiple physiological processes. Investigations to date have focused on the 20-carbon eicosanoids and 22-carbon docosanoids. However, more recently, interest has grown into the 18-carbon octadecanoids. A significant obstacle in the study of these compounds is a lack of authentic standards for functional studies as well as for development of methods for their quantification. We developed a fast and simple one-step synthetic strategy to produce mono-hydroxylated metabolites based on the photosensitized oxidation of 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Four different PUFAs including α-linolenic acid (ALA, ω3), γ-linolenic acid (GLA, ω6), stearidonic acid (SDA, ω3), and octadecapentaenoic acid (ODPA, ω3) were photooxidized in the presence of methylene blue and oxygen under exposure to light from a halogen lamp. The uncommon PUFA ODPA was prepared from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, ω3) in a 6-step synthesis with 30% overall yield. The hydroperoxide products were reduced with sodium borohydride and the mono-hydroxylated octadecanoids were separated by HPLC. Product identification was performed by GC–MS. The final purities of isolated products ranged from 80% to 98%, with oxidation of non-terminal double bonds being preferred. It is likely that this approach could be extended to PUFAs of varying chain length, suggesting that photosensitized oxidation could be employed to rapidly prepare hydroperoxides from multiple unsaturated fatty acids. As interest in oxylipins continues to increase, this approach will be useful for large-scale preparation of multiple standards for the study of these new compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"447-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Increases in Plasma n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Following Fish Oil Supplementation in Postmenopausal Females Compared With Age-Matched Males","authors":"David C. R. Ku,&nbsp;Insaf Loukil,&nbsp;Annick Vachon,&nbsp;Mélanie Plourde,&nbsp;Adam H. Metherel","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of fish oil supplementation on omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly intermediates between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), that may provide valuable metabolic information, have not been fully characterized in older populations. A total of 10 postmenopausal females (69.6 ± 2.6 years, mean ± SEM) and 10 age-matched males (70.0 ± 2.4) were supplemented with fish oil (1.8 g/day EPA and 1.4 g/day DHA) for 5 months, and blood was collected to determine n-3 PUFA levels. Significant interaction effects (sex × supplementation) for plasma phospholipid EPA, DHA, and 24:5n-3 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) revealed 69%, 101%, and 182% higher levels, respectively, in females compared with males post-supplementation. Significant main effects of supplementation yielded 83%–327% higher plasma triacylglycerol EPA, DHA, 22:5n-3, and 24:5n-3 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) post-supplementation. Our findings provide insight into sex-dependent DHA metabolism in healthy older adults, which may help inform more targeted EPA and/or DHA supplementation advice to promote improved n-3 PUFA status.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"459-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triacylglycerol-Based Insulin Resistance Indices and Post-Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus After Liver Transplantation","authors":"Mateo Chvatal-Medina,&nbsp;Yakun Li,&nbsp;Adrian Post,&nbsp;Margery A. Connelly,&nbsp;Han Moshage,&nbsp;Stephan J. L. Bakker,&nbsp;Vincent E. de Meijer,&nbsp;Hans Blokzijl,&nbsp;Robin P. F. Dullaart,&nbsp;TransplantLines investigators","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>\u0000 <i>Background</i>\u0000 </span>: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication following liver transplant (LT) and is associated with adverse outcomes. The triacylglycerol-glucose product (TyG) and the triacylglycerol-to-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (TAG/HDL-c) are indices that can serve as triacylglycerol-based proxies for insulin resistance. Their relation to PTDM in liver-transplant recipients (LTRs) is unclear. <span>\u0000 <i>Methods</i>\u0000 </span>: TyG and TAG/HDL-c (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were compared between LTRs without diabetes at baseline and participants without diabetes from the community-dwelling PREVEND cohort. Among LTRs, associations with incident PTDM were determined using Cox regression analysis and logistic regression analysis with adjustment for relevant variables. <span>\u0000 <i>Results</i>\u0000 </span>: TyG was higher in 246 LTRs without diabetes (mean age 52.6 years; 53.7% male) compared to 4533 PREVEND participants without diabetes (mean 53.1 years; 48.9% male (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and confirmed using propensity score matching (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Over a median follow-up of 7.1 (IQR 6.2–7.8) years, 31 LTRs developed PTDM (12.6% cumulative incidence). A higher baseline TyG index was associated with an increased risk of PTDM (HR per 1-SD increase: 1.67, 95% CI 1.28–2.30; highest vs. lowest tertile HR: 1.77, 95% CI 1.14–2.64). The TAG/HDL-c ratio followed the same trend (HR per 1-SD increase: 1.56, 95% CI 1.14–2.15; highest vs. lowest tertile: HR 3.80, 95% CI 1.73–10.0). Findings remained in adjusted analyses and were directionally similar in logistic regression models. <span>\u0000 <i>Conclusions</i>\u0000 </span>: In LTRs, both the TyG index and the TAG/HDL-c ratio are associated with PTDM. These indices could serve as a basis for post-transplant risk stratification in diabetes development.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"479-492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Obesity in the Association Between Alcohol Consumption and HDL-c Levels: Baependi Heart Study","authors":"Larissa Esthefani Barros Cirino,&nbsp;Divanei Zaniqueli,&nbsp;Oscar Geovanny Enriquez-Martinez,&nbsp;Camila Maciel de Oliveira,&nbsp;Alexandre da Costa Pereira,&nbsp;Jordana Herzog Siqueira,&nbsp;Rafael de Oliveira Alvim","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of global mortality, with dyslipidemia playing a central role in their pathogenesis. The influence of alcohol consumption on lipid profiles, particularly high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), in relation to obesity status remains insufficiently explored. We evaluated the association between alcohol consumption and HDL-c levels in individuals with and without obesity in a Brazilian population. This cross-sectional analysis used data from the Baependi Heart Study, comprising 2345 participants aged 18–100 years. Alcohol intake was categorized according to weekly ethanol consumption, and HDL-c levels were measured through standard biochemical methods. No significant differences were observed across alcohol consumption groups for total cholesterol, LDL-c, triacylglycerols, and fasting glucose; however, the HDL-c/LDL-c ratio was significantly higher among male moderate consumers. A significant interaction was found between obesity and moderate alcohol consumption (<i>β</i> = 0.90, <i>p</i> = 0.015), indicating that the relationship between alcohol intake and low HDL-c varies according to obesity status. Moderate alcohol consumers exhibited significantly higher HDL-c levels compared to abstainers, an association observed exclusively among nonobese participants. In this group, moderate alcohol intake was linked to a 65% reduction in the odds of low HDL-c in women and a 66% reduction in men. No significant association was observed among individuals with obesity. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with higher HDL-c levels and lower odds of low HDL-c, particularly among individuals without obesity. These findings contribute to the understanding of the complex interplay between alcohol intake, lipid metabolism, and adiposity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"517-526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147458321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of DNA Methylation–Derived C-Reactive Protein Predictors With All-Cause Mortality and Blood Lipids in Adults Aged ≥ 50 Years in the United States","authors":"Yu Yan,&nbsp;Zhipeng Gong,&nbsp;Shuangliang Ma","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to aging, metabolic dysfunction, and age-related diseases. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) is widely used but limited by short-term variability. DNA methylation–based CRPMort derived from GrimAge2 may provide a more stable measure of chronic inflammatory burden, yet its predictive value for mortality and association with lipid metabolism remain unclear. Associations of CRPMort and HsCRP with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and lipid traits were evaluated using weighted cox regression and linear regression, Kaplan–Meier curves, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (timeROC) analyses within the NHANES database, with subgroup, mediation, sensitivity, and Mendelian randomization analyses. Higher CRPMort was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.65 [1.10, 2.46], <i>p</i> = 0.015) and showed near-significant positive associations with triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 0.051) and residual cholesterol (<i>p</i> = 0.056). RCS analyses demonstrated a linear positive relationship between CRPMort and both all-cause mortality and lipid traits, including triglycerides and residual cholesterol. HsCRP showed no significant associations with mortality or lipid traits (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). TimeROC curves revealed that compared to HsCRP, CRPMort had more superior long-term predictive performance and partially mediated the effect of chronological age on all-cause mortality. Importantly, concurrent elevations of CRPMort and HsCRP were associated with the highest risks of all-cause mortality and dyslipidemia. GrimAge2-derived CRPMort is a robust predictor of long-term all-cause mortality and may capture chronic inflammation linked to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins beyond HsCRP. Combined assessment of both inflammatory markers may enhance risk stratification and inform aging-related cardiometabolic research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"467-478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Fatty Acid Desaturase Indices in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Low Birth Weight","authors":"Juhi Nema,&nbsp;Karuna Randhir,&nbsp;Hemlata Pisal,&nbsp;Girija Wagh,&nbsp;Sanjay Gupte,&nbsp;Sadhana Joshi","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70047","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are an important determinant of the birth weight of the baby. Studies have reported altered fatty acid desaturase indices (Δ5 and Δ6 desaturases) from early pregnancy in women with pregnancy complications. However, it remains unclear if these alterations are also observed in women who have no complications, yet delivering low birth weight (LBW) infants (birth weight below 2500 g regardless of gestational age). This study aims to longitudinally examine the maternal erythrocyte fatty acids levels in women delivering LBW babies (in women with pregnancy complications and without complications) and in women delivering normal birth weight babies (NBW). This study includes 1096 singleton pregnant women, out of which 181 delivered LBW babies. Maternal erythrocyte fatty acids were measured at 11–14 weeks, 18–22 weeks, and 26–28 weeks and at delivery using gas chromatography. Product-precursor ratios were used to represent enzyme indices: Δ5D index = arachidonic acid/dihomo-y-linolenic acid (DGLA), Δ6D index = DGLA/linoleic acid. Maternal age at the time of delivery was: NBW group: 28.74 ± 4.65; LBW group: 28.14 ± 4.61 and LBW without complications group: 26.99 ± 4.20. Birth weight of the baby was: NBW: 2978.69 ± 340.37; LBW: 2404.47 ± 262.85; LBW without complications group: 2308.02 ± 202.06. Higher Δ5 desaturase and lower Δ6 desaturase indices at 11–14 weeks of gestation were associated with higher risk of having LBW babies (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 for both). This study reports that disrupted fatty acid metabolism in early pregnancy regardless of pregnancy complications is a risk factor for having LBW babies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"505-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Profile in Primary Aldosteronism: Cross-Sectional and Post-Treatment Analyses","authors":"Meriem Yazidi,&nbsp;Arige Abid,&nbsp;Chayma Bel hadj Sliman,&nbsp;Elyes Kamoun,&nbsp;Ibtissem Oueslati,&nbsp;Fatma Chaker,&nbsp;Nadia Khessairi,&nbsp;Melika Chihaoui","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The relationship between primary aldosteronism (PA) and lipid metabolism remains controversial, with inconsistent findings reported in the literature. This study aimed to clarify PA's impact on the lipid profile using both a cross-sectional comparison with essential hypertension (EH) controls and a longitudinal within-patient pre-post treatment analysis in a North African tertiary-center cohort. This retrospective study included 112 patients with PA and 115 contemporaneously hospitalized patients with EH in whom secondary hypertension had been excluded. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biochemical variables (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, creatinine, potassium, baseline aldosterone levels, and aldosterone-to-renin ratio), as well as therapeutic data, were collected at admission in both groups. In the PA group, clinical and biological parameters performed 1 year after specific PA management were recorded. Triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients with PA not receiving lipid-lowering therapy (1.47 (1.13–1.92) vs. 1.24 (1.02–1.69) mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.04) but this difference disappeared after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and fasting glucose. A baseline aldosterone level &gt; 200 pg/mL was associated with lower triglyceride levels (1.35 (1.02–1.81) vs. 1.81 (1.35–2.15) mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Patients with PA who underwent adrenalectomy demonstrated a significant increase in triglyceride levels at 1 year (1.52 (1.32–2.11) vs. 2.08 (1.38–2.50) mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.04). The estimated glomerular filtration rate declined significantly 1 year after PA specific treatment (84.9 ± 19.7 vs. 73.6 ± 24.9 mL/min/1.73 m²; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Our findings show mixed associations between aldosterone and triglyceride levels, which require confirmation in prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"527-535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147468316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum and Cervical Flushing Fluid Eicosapentaenoic Acid Levels in Patients With Unexplained Infertility Versus Healthy Controls","authors":"Elif Kapucu Atas,&nbsp;Sibel Dogan Polat,&nbsp;Bulent Yilmaz,&nbsp;Senol Senturk,&nbsp;Ilknur Merve Ayazoglu,&nbsp;Mehmet Kagitci,&nbsp;Onur Ince,&nbsp;Sibel Mataraci Karakas,&nbsp;Adnan Yilmaz","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in venous blood and cervical flushing fluid between patients with unexplained infertility and a control group, marking the first investigation of its kind in the literature. Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Education and Research Hospital-based cross-sectional study. This study was conducted with a total of 66 women (35 with unexplained infertility and 31 healthy controls) between 20 and 45 who attended the outpatient gynecology clinic between January 2023 and January 2024. Samples for EPA were collected in the midluteal phase and stored at −80°C, analyzed using EPA's ELISA kits. Baseline demographic and hormonal parameters were similar between the unexplained infertility and control groups. Serum EPA levels were lower in the unexplained infertility group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In contrast, cervical flushing fluid EPA concentrations were significantly reduced in women with unexplained infertility (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No correlation was observed between serum and cervical EPA levels (Spearman's <i>ρ</i> = 0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.28). In multivariate analysis, unexplained infertility independently predicted lower cervical EPA concentrations, explaining approximately one-third of the total variance (<i>R</i>\u0000 ² = 34.3%). Cervical flushing fluid EPA levels were significantly lower in the unexplained infertility group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that local anti-inflammatory lipid imbalance in the cervical microenvironment may contribute to fertility impairment. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of EPA as a biomarker or therapeutic target in reproductive disorders.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"439-445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Neutrophil-To-HDL Cholesterol Ratio and Insulin Resistance in Individuals With Obesity: Cross-Sectional Study of Chinese and U.S. Cohorts","authors":"Zhenguang Mo,&nbsp;Yuzhou Yang,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Wu,&nbsp;Bingsheng Guan,&nbsp;Lvjia Cheng,&nbsp;Wenfu Ding,&nbsp;Lina Wu,&nbsp;Shifang Huang,&nbsp;Jian Xie,&nbsp;Jingge Yang","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate whether the neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) is independently associated with Insulin Resistance (IR) among individuals with obesity and to examine the robustness of this association across distinct populations. Two independent cohorts were analyzed: a Chinese training cohort (<i>n</i> = 764) and a US validation cohort from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; <i>n</i> = 2963). Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were applied to assess associations between NHR and IR. Subgroup analyses evaluated consistency, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed predictive performance. NHR was positively associated with IR in both cohorts. After full adjustment, each unit increase in NHR was associated with a 23% higher IR risk in the training cohort (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10–1.38) and a 21% higher risk in the validation cohort (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09–1.35). Participants in the highest NHR quartile had markedly increased IR risk compared with the lowest quartile (training: OR = 4.45, 95% CI: 2.27–8.69; validation: OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.37–3.03). RCS analysis indicated a linear association in the training cohort and a nonlinear pattern in the validation cohort. Associations were consistent across subgroups. NHR showed modest predictive ability (AUC: 0.677 and 0.654). NHR demonstrated a significant positive association with insulin resistance in Chinese and US obese cohorts, indicating its potential utility as a biomarker for IR and associated diseases.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"493-504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis Improves the Association Between Dairy Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Dairy Intake: A Secondary Analysis","authors":"Camilla Parzanini,&nbsp;Marisa Soo,&nbsp;Shirley Vien,&nbsp;Ji-Eun Chon,&nbsp;Anthony J. Hanley,&nbsp;Priya Kathirvel,&nbsp;Bohdan Luhovyy,&nbsp;G. Harvey Anderson,&nbsp;Richard P. Bazinet","doi":"10.1002/lipd.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing evidence suggests that dairy consumption may decrease the risk of chronic diseases. However, this association remains unclear due to methodological limitations. As a part of a secondary analysis, we used compound-specific stable isotope analysis to increase the accuracy of the dairy FA biomarkers (15:0, 17:0), considering that each food item holds a unique stable C isotope (δ¹³C) signature. Healthy, overweight to obese adults (<i>n</i> = 96) were randomly assigned to one of 3 dietary treatments in a controlled multi-site (Halifax and Toronto, Canada) clinical trial for 12 weeks: (i) calorie-restricted diet; (ii) dairy-rich diet, consisting of 1 serving each of full-fat milk, cheese, and yogurt/day; and (iii) dairy-rich + calorie-restricted (DCR) diet. Content, composition, and δ¹³C signature of 15:0 and 17:0 were measured in the dairy foods provided, and participants' plasma and red blood cells. We found that the isotopic signatures of plasma 15:0 and 17:0 were more enriched in the high-adherence group of participants in Halifax who consumed dairy (especially the DCR arm), and that these ratios were more similar to the signatures of the dairy food FA sources, thus reflecting dairy consumption. We also observed major differences in the content, composition, and isotopic signature of the target FA between the participants in Halifax and Toronto, which may be related to the different adherence rates, as well as to intrinsic geographic and dietary variations between populations. This study shows a potential use of compound-specific stable isotope analysis to provide more accurate information on dairy FA biomarkers reflecting consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"61 4","pages":"537-550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}