Lipids最新文献

{"title":"Atherogenic dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: The PREDISAT study","authors":"Elisenda Climent,&nbsp;Jesús Millán,&nbsp;Juan F. Ascaso,&nbsp;Manuel Suárez-Tembra,&nbsp;Carlos Morillas,&nbsp;Fernando Civeira,&nbsp;Jose M. Bellón,&nbsp;Juan Pedro-Botet,&nbsp;the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society Working Group on Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12374","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12374","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extremely variable prevalence rates of atherogenic dyslipidaemia (AD) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) subjects have been reported. The primary aim was to assess AD prevalence in Spanish T2DM subjects. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the differential clinical characteristics between T2DM subjects with and without AD, to describe lipid profile evolution and use of lipid-lowering treatment in clinical practice by the Spanish Lipid Units. Data was obtained from the National Registry of Dyslipidaemias of the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society, from a multicentric sub-study focused on AD prevalence in T2DM subjects (PREDISAT study). The inclusion criteria were subjects diagnosed of T2DM with age ≥18 years old. A total of 385 T2DM subjects with a mean age of 61 years and 246 (64%) men were included. The mean follow-up was 22 ± 7.4 months. At baseline, 41.3% of the T2DM subjects presented AD, this percentage decreasing to 34.8% with therapeutic intervention. AD prevalence varied in different age groups and appeared to be more prevalent in younger T2DM subjects. Those with AD had a more atherogenic lipid profile at baseline, with higher total cholesterol, triglyceride and non-(high-density lipoprotein) HDL cholesterol levels at baseline, together with lower HDL cholesterol concentrations, without achieving lipid subfraction goals during follow-up. Although almost 90% of the AD subjects were under lipid-lowering treatment, most were receiving only one drug, being statins the most used treatmentA high AD prevalence in T2DM subjects was observed, being age a determinant factor, with a modest decline during follow-up. Although almost 90% of the AD subjects were under lipid-lowering drugs, most were only receiving monotherapy with statins.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 4","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9797329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous tetracosahexaenoic acid modifies the fatty acid composition of human primary T lymphocytes and Jurkat T cell leukemia cells contingent on cell type","authors":"Nicola A. Irvine,&nbsp;Annette L. West,&nbsp;Johanna Von Gerichten,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Miles,&nbsp;Karen A. Lillycrop,&nbsp;Philip C. Calder,&nbsp;Barbara A. Fielding,&nbsp;Graham C. Burdge","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12372","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12372","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6ω-3) is an intermediate in the conversion of 18:3ω-3 to 22:6ω-3 in mammals. There is limited information about whether cells can assimilate and metabolize exogenous 24:6ω-3. This study compared the effect of incubation with 24:6ω-3 on the fatty acid composition of two related cell types, primary CD3⁺ T lymphocytes and Jurkat T cell leukemia, which differ in the integrity of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthesis pathway. 24:6ω-3 was only detected in either cell type when cells were incubated with 24:6ω-3. Incubation with 24:6ω-3 induced similar increments in the amount of 22:6ω-3 in both cell types and modified the homeoviscous adaptations fatty acid composition induced by activation of T lymphocytes. The effect of incubation with 18:3ω-3 compared to 24:6ω-3 on the increment in 22:6ω-3 was tested in Jurkat cells because primary T cells cannot convert 18:3ω-3 to 22:6ω-3. The increment in the 22:6ω-3 content of Jurkat cells incubated with 24:6ω-3 was 19.5-fold greater than that of cells incubated with 18:3ω-3. Acyl-coA oxidase siRNA knockdown decreased the amount of 22:6ω-3 and increased the amount of 24:6ω-3 in Jurkat cells. These findings show exogenous 24:6ω-3 can be incorporated into primary human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells and induces changes in fatty acid composition consistent with its conversion to 22:6ω-3 via a mechanism involving peroxisomal β-oxidation that is regulated independently from the integrity of the upstream PUFA synthesis pathway. One further implication is that consuming 24:6ω-3 may be an effective alternative means of achieving health benefits attributed to 20:5ω-3 and 22:6ω-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 4","pages":"185-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.12372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9849098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of circulating branched chain fatty acids with insulin sensitivity and beta cell function in the PROMISE cohort","authors":"Nagam A. Yehia,&nbsp;Liridona Isai,&nbsp;Zhila Semnani-Azad,&nbsp;Kira Zhi Hua Lai,&nbsp;Ravi Retnakaran,&nbsp;Stewart B. Harris,&nbsp;Jacqueline L. Beaudry,&nbsp;Richard P. Bazinet,&nbsp;Anthony J. Hanley","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12373","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12373","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are mainly saturated fatty acids with a methyl branch on the penultimate or antepenultimate carbon atom. While BCFAs are endogenously produced via the catabolism of branched chain amino acids, the primary exogenous source of BCFAs in the human body is via the diet, including dairy products. Recently, BCFAs have been identified as having a potentially protective role in the etiology of cardiometabolic disorders although current literature is limited. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of circulating BCFAs across four serum pools with insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, and glucose concentrations in the PROMISE Cohort. Estimates of insulin sensitivity were assessed using Matsuda's insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2). Estimates of beta cell function were determined using the insulinogenic index divided by HOMA insulin resistance and the insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 (ISSI-2). Baseline serum samples were analyzed for BCFAs using gas-chromatography flame ionization detection. Longitudinal associations were determined using generalized estimating equations. In the free fatty acid (FFA) pool, iso15:0 and anteiso15:0 were positively associated with logHOMA2 (<b>iso15:0</b> <i>logHOMA2-%S</i>: <i>β</i> = 6.86, 95% CI: [1.64, 12.36], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, <b>anteiso15:0</b> <i>logHOMA2-%S</i>: <i>β</i> = 6.36, 95% CI: [0.63, 12.42], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) while anteiso14:0 was inversely associated with measures of insulin sensitivity (<b>iso14:0</b> <i>logHOMA2-%S</i>: <i>β</i> = −2.35, 95% CI: [−4.26, −0.40], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, <i>logISI</i>: <i>β</i> = −2.30, 95% CI: [−4.32, −0.23], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, <b>anteiso14:0</b> <i>logHOMA2-%S</i>: <i>β</i> = −4.72, 95% CI: [−7.81, −1.52], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, <i>logISI</i>: <i>β</i> = −6.13, 95% CI: [−9.49, −2.66], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Associations in other pools were less consistent. We identified the potential importance of specific BCFAs, specifically iso14:0, anteiso14:0, iso15:0, anteiso15:0, in cardiometabolic phenotypes underlying type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 4","pages":"171-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.12373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9792151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative performance of equations to estimate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and cardiovascular disease incidence: The ATTICA study (2002–2022)","authors":"Tzortzis Nomikos,&nbsp;Michael Georgoulis,&nbsp;Christina Chrysohoou,&nbsp;Evangelia Damigou,&nbsp;Fotios Barkas,&nbsp;Ioannis Skoumas,&nbsp;Evangelos Liberopoulos,&nbsp;Christos Pitsavos,&nbsp;Costas Tsioufis,&nbsp;Petros P. Sfikakis,&nbsp;Alexandros Tselepis,&nbsp;Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12371","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate estimation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is important for monitoring cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and guiding lipid-lowering therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the magnitude of discordance of LDL-C levels calculated by different equations and its effect on CVD incidence. The study sample consisted of 2354 CVD-free individuals (49% males, mean age 45 ± 14 years); 1600 were re-evaluated at 10 years and 1570 at 20 years. LDL-C was estimated using the Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins, and Sampson equations. Participants were categorized as discordant if estimated LDL-C was below the CVD-risk specific cut-off for one equation and equal/above for its comparator. The Friedewald and Martin/Hopkins equations presented a similar performance in estimating LDL-C; however, both yielded lower values compared to the Sampson. In all pairwise comparisons, differences were more pronounced at lower LDL-C levels, while the Friedewald equation significantly underestimated LDL-C in hypertriglyceridemic participants. Discordance was evident in 11% of the study population, and more specifically 6%, 22%, and 20% for Friedewald versus Martin/Hopkins, Friedewald versus Sampson and Martin/Hopkins versus Sampson equations, respectively. Among discordant participants, median (1st, 3rd quartile) difference in LDL-C was −4.35 (−10.1, 1.95), −10.6 (−12.3, −9.53) and −11.3 (−11.9, −10.6) mg/dL for Friedewald versus Martin/Hopkins, Friedewald versus Sampson and Martin/Hopkins versus Sampson equations, respectively. The 10- and 20-year CVD survival model that included LDL-C values of the Martin-Hopkins equation outperformed the predictive ability of those based on the Friedewald or Sampson equations. Significant differences in estimated LDL-C exist among equations, which may result in LDL-C underestimation and undertreatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 4","pages":"159-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.12371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9848564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Ahiflower oil containing stearidonic acid to a high-alpha-linolenic acid flaxseed oil at two dietary levels on omega-3 enrichment of egg yolk and tissues in laying hens","authors":"Ahmed S. A. El-Zenary,&nbsp;Robert G. Elkin,&nbsp;Kevin J. Harvatine","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12370","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enrichment of egg yolks with very long chain omega-3 fatty acids (VLCn-3 FA) is of interest because of their beneficial effects on human health. The ability of Ahiflower® oil (AHI; <i>Buglossoides arvensis</i>), which is naturally rich in stearidonic acid (SDA), and a high-alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) flaxseed (FLAX) oil to enrich eggs and tissues of laying hens with VLCn-3 FA was investigated. Forty 54-week-old Hy-Line W-36 White Leghorn hens were fed a diet that contained soybean oil (control; CON) or AHI or FLAX oils at 7.5 or 22.5 g/kg of the diet in substitution for the soybean oil for 28 days. Dietary treatments had no effects on egg number or components or follicle development. Total VLCn-3 FA contents of egg yolk, liver, breast, thigh, and adipose tissue were greater in the n-3 treatments compared to CON, with the greatest increase observed at the higher oil level, especially for AHI oil which had the greater VLCn-3 enrichment than FLAX in yolk (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Efficiency of VLCn-3 enrichment of egg yolks was decreased with n-3 oils and by increasing oil level with lowest efficiency at 22.5 g/kg FLAX. In conclusion, both SDA-rich (AHI) and ALA-rich (FLAX) oils increased VLCn-3 FA deposition into egg yolks and hens' tissues, but dietary AHI oil promoted a greater enrichment than comparative amounts of FLAX oil, especially in liver and egg yolks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 3","pages":"139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.12370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9506030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equal bioavailability of omega-3 PUFA from Calanus oil, fish oil and krill oil: A 12-week randomized parallel study","authors":"Franziska Vosskötter,&nbsp;Milena Burhop,&nbsp;Andreas Hahn,&nbsp;Jan Philipp Schuchardt","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12369","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The bioavailability of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA) can be affected by the form in which they are bound. An alternative source of n3 PUFA is <i>Calanus finmarchicus</i> oil (CO), which, unlike fish oil (FO) and krill oil (KO), contains fatty acids primarily bound as wax esters. Recent studies have shown that n3 PUFA from CO are bioavailable to humans, but CO has not been compared to other marine oils such as FO or KO. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 12 weeks supplementation with CO, FO and KO on the long-term n3 PUFA status in healthy volunteers. The Omega-3 Index (O3I), defined as red blood cell EPA + DHA content as a percentage of total identified fatty acids, was used as a measure to assess n3 PUFA status. Sixty-two participants (mean ± standard deviation [SD] age: 29.7 ± 8.43 years) completed the randomized parallel group study (CO group: <i>n</i> = 21, 4 capsules/day, EPA + DHA dose: 242 mg/day; FO group: <i>n</i> = 22, 1 capsule/day, EPA + DHA dose: 248 mg/day; KO group: <i>n</i> = 19, 2 capsules/day, EPA + DHA dose: 286 mg/day). At baseline, the three groups showed comparable (mean ± SD) O3I values (CO: 5.13 ± 1.12%, FO: 4.90 ± 0.57%, KO: 4.87 ± 0.77%). The post-interventional (mean ± SD) O3I increase was comparable between the three groups (CO: 1.09 ± 0.55%; FO: 1.0 ± 0.53%; KO: 1.15 ± 0.65%, all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The study confirms that CO can increase the n3 PUFA status comparable to FO and KO and is therefore an alternative marine source of bioavailable n3 PUFA, especially with regard to sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 3","pages":"129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.12369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9554634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of fatty acid-ethanol amine (FA-EA) derivatives on lipid accumulation and inflammation","authors":"Mengyu Li,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Huang,&nbsp;Mengxian Huang,&nbsp;Wenhui Jin,&nbsp;Zhuan Hong,&nbsp;Yucang Zhang,&nbsp;Hua Fang,&nbsp;Weizhu Chen","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12368","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of fatty acid-ethanol amine (FA-EA) derivatives (<b>L1</b>–<b>L10</b>) on the mitigation of intracellular lipid accumulation and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. First, the series of FA-EA derivatives were synthesized and characterized. Then, their cytotoxic, intracellular lipid accumulation and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. The oil red O staining experiment showed that the tested compounds <b>L4</b>, <b>L6</b>, <b>L8</b>, <b>L9</b>, and <b>L10</b> could reduce intracellular lipid accumulation induced by palmitic acid (PA). Moreover, ω-3/ω-6 PUFA-EA derivatives showed inhibitory effect on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. ω-3/ω-6 PUFA-EA derivatives at a concentrations of 10 μM could significantly decrease mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, inhibit NO production, and alleviate the protein expression of IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These data suggest that ω-3 PUFA-EA derivatives can be beneficial for further pharmaceutical development to treat chronic low-grade inflammation diseases such as obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 3","pages":"117-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9505993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceramide concentrations in liver, plasma, and very low-density lipoproteins of humans with severe obesity","authors":"Kelli A. Lytle,&nbsp;Jin Ook Chung,&nbsp;Nikki C. Bush,&nbsp;Jessica M. Triay,&nbsp;Michael D. Jensen","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12367","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated the relationships between ceramide species concentrations in liver, plasma and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles of humans with obesity as well as the relationships between hepatic fat content and hepatic ceramide concentrations and proportional distribution. Twenty-five obese (body mass index &gt;35 kg/m²) adults participated in this study. Plasma, VLDL and hepatocellular ceramide concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The proportionate distribution of measured ceramide species differed between liver, whole plasma and the VLDL fraction. We found significant, positive correlations between the proportion of C14:0, C18:0, C20:0 and C24:1 ceramide in the liver and whole plasma (<i>γ</i> = 0.491, <i>p</i> = 0.013; <i>γ</i> = 0.573, <i>p</i> = 0.003; <i>γ</i> = 0.479, <i>p</i> = 0.015; <i>γ</i> = 0.716, <i>p</i> = 0.00006; respectively). In contrast, only the proportional contribution of C24:1 ceramide correlated positively between VLDL and liver (<i>γ</i> = 0.425, <i>p</i> = 0.013). The percent hepatic fat correlated positively with the proportion of C18:1, C18:0 and C20:0 hepatic ceramides (<i>γ</i> = 0.415, <i>p</i> = 0.039; <i>γ</i> = 0.426, <i>p</i> = 0.034; <i>γ</i> = 0.612, <i>p</i> = 0.001; respectively), but not with total hepatic ceramide concentration. The proportions of whole plasma ceramide subspecies, especially C14:0, C18:0, C20:0 and C24:1chain length, are reflective of those of hepatic ceramide subspecies in obese humans; these appear to be markers of hepatic ceramide species composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 3","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9493818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia increases cellular levels of phosphatidic acid and lysophospholipids in undifferentiated Caco-2 cells","authors":"Yoshibumi Shimizu,&nbsp;Keiko Tamiya-Koizumi,&nbsp;Toshihiko Tsutsumi,&nbsp;Mamoru Kyogashima,&nbsp;Reiji Kannagi,&nbsp;Soichiro Iwaki,&nbsp;Mineyoshi Aoyama,&nbsp;Akira Tokumura","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12366","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12366","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer cells are known to survive in a hypoxic microenvironment by altering their lipid metabolism as well as their energy metabolism. In this study, Caco-2 cells derived from human colon cancer, were found to have elevated intracellular levels of phosphatidic acid and its lysoform, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggested that the elevation of LPA in Caco-2 cells was mainly due to the combined increases in cellular levels of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine by phospholipase A₂ and subsequent hydrolysis to LPA by lysophospholipase D. We detected the Ca²⁺-stimulated choline-producing activities toward exogenous lysophosphatidylcholines in whole Caco-2 cell homogenates, indicating their involvement in the LPA production in intact Caco-2 cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 2","pages":"93-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9135444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enriched PUFA environment of Leishmania infantum promastigotes promotes the accumulation of lipid mediators and favors parasite infectivity towards J774 murine macrophages","authors":"Marine Leroux,&nbsp;Hana Bouazizi-Ben Messaoud,&nbsp;Céline Luquain-Costaz,&nbsp;Lars P. Jordheim,&nbsp;Pauline Le Faouder,&nbsp;Marie-Paule Gustin,&nbsp;Karim Aoun,&nbsp;Philippe Lawton,&nbsp;Samira Azzouz-Maache,&nbsp;Isabelle Delton","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12365","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Leishmania</i> parasites are the causative agents of visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans and of canine leishmaniosis. The macrophage is the predilected host cell of <i>Leishmania</i> in which the promastigote stage is transformed into amastigote. We previously showed changes in the fatty acid composition (FA) of lipids in two strains of <i>Leishmania donovani</i> upon differentiation of promastigote to amastigote, including increased proportions of arachidonic acid (AA) and to a less extent of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Here, we carried out supplementation with AA or DHA on two <i>Leishmania infantum</i> strains, a visceral (MON-1) and a cutaneous (MON-24), to evaluate the role of these FA in parasite/macrophage interactions. The proportions of AA or DHA in total lipids were significantly increased in promastigotes cultured in AA- or DHA-supplemented media compared to controls. The content of FA-derived oxygenated metabolites was enhanced in supplemented strains, generating especially epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (11,12- and 14,15-EET) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5- and 8- HETE) from AA, and hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids (14- and 17-HDoHE) from DHA. For both MON-1 and MON-24, AA-supplemented promastigotes showed higher infectivity towards J774 macrophages as evidenced by higher intracellular amastigote numbers. Higher infectivity was observed after DHA supplementation for MON-24 but not MON-1 strain. ROS production by macrophages increased upon parasite infection, but only minor change was observed between control and supplemented parasites. We propose that under high AA or DHA environment that is associated with AA or DHA enrichment of promastigote lipids, FA derivatives can accumulate in the parasite, thereby modulating parasite infectivity towards host macrophages.</p>","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"58 2","pages":"81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lipd.12365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9489408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}