IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12318

Sunhye Shin, Kolapo M Ajuwon

{"title":"Effect of lipopolysaccharide on peripheral tissue and hypothalamic expression of metabolic and inflammatory markers in mice fed high-fat diets with distinct 18-carbon fatty acid composition.","authors":"Sunhye Shin, Kolapo M Ajuwon","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lipd.12318","url":null,"abstract":"Physiological and metabolic effects of fatty acids are determined by their degree of saturation and chain length. Effects of 18-carbon fatty acids with various degrees of saturation on inflammatory, oxidative, and neuropeptide gene transcription, especially in the hypothalamus, in response to LPS-induced acute inflammation have not been well studied. We conducted this study to test whether diets with distinct 18-carbon fatty acid differentially affect inflammatory and metabolic response to LPS exposure in the hypothalamus, liver, and muscle tissues. Four experimental diets were fed for 4 weeks to male C57BL/6J mice, and a terminal 4-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection was administered. Diets included a control diet (CON) containing 5.6% kcal fat from lard and 4.4% kcal fat from soybean oil, and three high-fat diets (HFD) containing 25% kcal fat from lard and 20% kcal fat from either shea butter (SHB; saturated fatty acid-rich fat), olive oil (OLO; monounsaturated fatty acid-rich oil), or soybean oil (SBO; polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich fat). Compared to CON, HFD-fed mice had higher weight gain and body fat accumulation. The SBO group had lowest Cpt1b expression in the liver, and OLO group had the lowest Pomc and the highest Lepr expression in the hypothalamus. LPS challenge increased pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in the brain and peripheral tissues. However, the diets did not exert distinguishable effects on LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Therefore, saturation degree of 18-carbon fatty acids may not play a critical role in their effects on inflammatory and metabolic indicators in response to acute inflammation induced by LPS.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 5","pages":"509-519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39142167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Camelina sativa phosphatidylcholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase-catalyzed interconversion does not discriminate between substrates 亚麻荠磷脂酰胆碱:二酰基甘油胆碱磷酸转移酶催化的相互转化不区分底物

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12322

Kamil Demski, Simon Jeppson, Sten Stymne, Ida Lager

{"title":"Camelina sativa phosphatidylcholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase-catalyzed interconversion does not discriminate between substrates","authors":"Kamil Demski, Simon Jeppson, Sten Stymne, Ida Lager","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12322","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12322","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphatidylcholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferases (PDCT) regulate the fatty acid composition of seed oil (triacylglycerol, TAG) by interconversion of diacylglycerols (DAG) and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). PtdCho is the substrate for polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, as well as for a number of unusual fatty acids. By the action of PDCT, these fatty acids can be transferred into the DAG pool to be utilized in TAG biosynthesis by the action of acyl-CoA:DAG and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases. Despite its importance in regulating seed oil composition, biochemical characterization of PDCT enzymes has been lacking. We characterized Camelina sativa PDCT in microsomal preparations of a yeast strain expressing Camelina PDCT and lacking the capacity of producing TAG. Camelina PDCT was specific for PtdCho and the sn-1,2 enantiomer of DAG and could not utilize ceramide. The interconversion reaches equilibrium within 15 min of incubation, indicating that only distinct pools of DAG and PtdCho were available for exchange. However, the pool sizes of DAG and PtdCho involved in the exchange were not fixed but increased with the amount of exogenous DAG or PtdCho added. Camelina PDCT showed about the same selectivity for di-oleoyl, di-linoleoyl, and di-linolenoyl species in both PtdCho and DAG substrates, suggesting that no unidirectional transfer of particular unsaturated substrates occurred. Camelina PDCT had a good activity with erucoyl-DAG as a substrate despite low erucic acid levels in PtdCho in plant species accumulating a high amount of this fatty acid in the seed oil.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 6","pages":"591-602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39370226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fatty acid and oxylipin concentration differ markedly between different fetal bovine serums: A cautionary note 脂肪酸和氧脂浓度在不同胎牛血清之间有显著差异:一个警告

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-08-25 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12321

Elisabeth Koch, Carolin Hopmann, Laura-Fabienne Fröhlich, Nils Helge Schebb

{"title":"Fatty acid and oxylipin concentration differ markedly between different fetal bovine serums: A cautionary note","authors":"Elisabeth Koch, Carolin Hopmann, Laura-Fabienne Fröhlich, Nils Helge Schebb","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12321","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12321","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has been used as a universal supplement in cell culture for more than six decades. This includes the investigation of lipid and lipid mediator formation and biology. Little is known about the (polyunsaturated) fatty acid composition and their oxidation products in FBS. Therefore, we analyzed six different FBS purchased from three different companies regarding their fatty acid and oxylipin concentrations. We found pronounced differences in the fatty acid concentrations. Even two batches of “standardized” FBS batches from one company showed drastic differences (e.g., for eicosapentaenoic acid 5 ± 1 μM vs. 11 ± 1 μM). Oxylipin concentrations also markedly differ between the FBS lots. The highest differences were found for 12-lipoxygenase products (e.g., 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid free 21–87 nM and total 58–108 nM), probably due to inconsistent serum generation procedures. Our results indicate that for cell culture studies dealing with lipid metabolism, researchers should carefully characterize their used FBS to ensure reliability and reproducibility of study outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 6","pages":"613-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39345608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Dietary lysophospholipids reduce lymphatic cholesterol transport compared with dietary phospholipids in thoracic lymph-duct cannulated rats 与胸淋巴管插管大鼠相比，饮食中溶血磷脂可减少淋巴胆固醇转运

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12319

Ai Takeyama, Asami Teramoto, Tianyu Wang, Takuya Hayashi, Yasutake Tanaka, Masao Sato, Bungo Shirouchi

{"title":"Dietary lysophospholipids reduce lymphatic cholesterol transport compared with dietary phospholipids in thoracic lymph-duct cannulated rats","authors":"Ai Takeyama, Asami Teramoto, Tianyu Wang, Takuya Hayashi, Yasutake Tanaka, Masao Sato, Bungo Shirouchi","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12319","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12319","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary phospholipids have been traditionally known to affect micelle formation. Egg yolk-derived lysophospholipids (LysoPL) are commercially available. We investigated the effects of dietary LysoPL on lymphatic lipid transport. We also compared sn-1 LysoPL and sn-2 LysoPL, which have different fatty acyl esterification positions. Thoracic lymph duct-cannulated rats were fed a diet supplemented with egg yolk-derived sn-1 LysoPL, sn-2 LysoPL, or phospholipids (PL). The amount of lymphatic lipid transport was also evaluated. Time courses of transport were applied to the one-compartment model as one of the pharmacokinetic analyses. The solubility of cholesterol in bile acid micelles was measured. Compared to the PL diet, the sn-1 and sn-2 LysoPL diets significantly reduced the lymphatic transport of cholesterol. There were no differences in the lymphatic PL and TAG transport. There was no difference in cholesterol transport between the sn-1 LysoPL group and the sn-2 LysoPL group; however, the transport rate constant at a decrease in lymphatic cholesterol was lower in the sn-1 LysoPL group than in the sn-2 LysoPL group. Cholesterol solubility in bile acid micelles was significantly decreased in the sn-1 LysoPL and sn-2 LysoPL groups compared to that in the PL group. Dietary LysoPL affects the behavior of intestinal cholesterol and suppresses lymphatic cholesterol transport.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 6","pages":"579-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39324692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing the effects of palmitate, insulin, and palmitate-insulin co-treatment on myotube metabolism and insulin resistance 比较棕榈酸盐、胰岛素及棕榈酸盐-胰岛素联合治疗对肌管代谢和胰岛素抵抗的影响

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12315

Madison E. Rivera, Roger A. Vaughan

{"title":"Comparing the effects of palmitate, insulin, and palmitate-insulin co-treatment on myotube metabolism and insulin resistance","authors":"Madison E. Rivera, Roger A. Vaughan","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12315","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12315","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown various metabolic stressors such as saturated fatty acids (SFA) and excess insulin promote insulin resistance in metabolically meaningful cell types (such as skeletal muscle). Additionally, these stressors have been linked with suppressed mitochondrial metabolism, which is also a common characteristic of skeletal muscle of diabetics. This study characterized the individual and combined effects of excess lipid and excess insulin on myotube metabolism and related metabolic gene and protein expression. C2C12 myotubes were treated with either 500 μM palmitate (PAM), 100 nM insulin (IR), or both (PAM-IR). qRT-PCR and western blot were used to measure metabolic gene and protein expression, respectively. Oxygen consumption was used to measure mitochondrial metabolism. Glycolytic metabolism and insulin-mediated glucose uptake were measured via extracellular acidification rate. Cellular lipid and mitochondrial content were measured using Nile Red and NAO staining, respectively. IR and PAM-IR treatments led to reductions in p-Akt expression. IR treatment reduced insulin mediated glucose metabolism while PAM and PAM-IR treatment showed increases with concurrent reductions in mitochondrial metabolism. All three treatments showed suppression in mitochondrial metabolism. PAM and PAM-IR also showed increases in glycolytic metabolism. While PAM and PAM-IR significantly increased lipid content, expression of inflammatory and lipogenic proteins were unaltered. Lastly, PAM-IR reduced BCAT2 protein expression, a regulator of BCAA metabolism. Both stressors independently reduced insulin signaling, mitochondrial function, and cell metabolism, however, only PAM-IR co-treatment significantly reduced the expression of regulators of metabolism not seen with individual stressors, suggesting an additive effect of stressors on metabolic programming.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 6","pages":"563-578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39302877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Alterations of Lipidomes in Rat Photoreceptor Degeneration Induced by N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea n -甲基-n -亚硝基脲致大鼠光感受器变性过程中脂质体的改变

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12306

Yunhua Zhou, Guomin Zhou

{"title":"Alterations of Lipidomes in Rat Photoreceptor Degeneration Induced by N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea","authors":"Yunhua Zhou, Guomin Zhou","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12306","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12306","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate alterations of lipidomes in the progress of photoreceptor degeneration induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in a rat model, retinal lipid molecular species in adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats at 1, 3, and 7 days after MNU administration and age-matched controls were analyzed by the shotgun lipidomics technology. Moreover, total fatty acid levels in retinal, liver, and plasma samples of different groups were determined with gas chromatography. Generally, at day 1, the levels of ethanolamine plasmalogen species in retinas were markedly elevated after treatment with MNU, while the contents of other phospholipids and sphingolipids in the retina were not significantly changed than those of the control group. The compositions of almost all of unsaturated fatty acids in the retina increased significantly at day 1 after MNU administration. At day 7, the MNU treatment group has significant increases in lipid species in the retina. However, the majority of lipids containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) declined, especially di-DHA phospholipids were dramatically reduced in the retina. In contrast, similar alterations did not occur in plasma or the liver after MNU treatment. These results suggested that at the early stage of photoreceptor degeneration, lipidome remodeling in the retina might involve protection of photoreceptor from apoptosis and continue their transduction of light. However, at the late stage of photoreceptor apoptosis, increases in comprehensive lipid species occurred, likely due to the myelination of the retina. Finally, the deficiency of DHA in photoreceptor degeneration could exacerbate the influence of myelination on retinal function. We further investigated the effects of unsaturated fatty acids on neuronal apoptosis. The preliminary experiments confirmed our observation from lipidomics analysis that unsaturated fatty acids can protect neurons from apoptosis. Collectively, our study suggests that increased levels of DHA should be protective from photoreceptor degeneration.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 4","pages":"437-448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39037364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of Unconventional Seed Oils and Fats from West African Trees: A Review of Fatty Acid Composition and Perspectives 西非树木非常规种子油和脂肪的潜力:脂肪酸组成的综述和展望

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12305

Anne Mette Lykke, Sandra Beyer Gregersen, Elie Antoine Padonou, Imael Henri Nestor Bassolé, Trine Kastrup Dalsgaard

{"title":"Potential of Unconventional Seed Oils and Fats from West African Trees: A Review of Fatty Acid Composition and Perspectives","authors":"Anne Mette Lykke, Sandra Beyer Gregersen, Elie Antoine Padonou, Imael Henri Nestor Bassolé, Trine Kastrup Dalsgaard","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12305","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12305","url":null,"abstract":"Seed oils sourced from West Africa are generally not well-characterized, but likely to have an untapped potential. This review aims to make an overview of fatty acid (FA) composition of unconventional seed oils from semi-arid West African trees and evaluate potential for new and enhanced uses and for improving local livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. A total of 111 studies on FA composition were found, covering 31 species. Only 69 of the studies (62%) were included in the review, as 38% had unreliable or incomplete results. There was a clear link between taxonomic kinship and FA composition. Over 20 potentially interesting and underexploited oils were found, including oils with properties similar to palm oil, olive oil, coconut oil, shea butter, and cotton seed oil. About half of the oils have promising potential for cosmetics. One third of the oils were relatively saturated, indicating properties for structuring food and heat resistance. Most of the species had multiple uses and oil production could be profitable in co-production with other non-timber forest products. Furthermore, establishment of sustainable oil production and domestication of oil trees could promote biodiversity conservation. Enhanced oil production in semi-arid West Africa is promising, but several practical constraints remain to be overcome.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 4","pages":"357-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38942180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Transfer of Lauric and Myristic Acid from Black Soldier Fly Larval Lipids to Egg Yolk Lipids of Hens Is Low 月桂酸和肉豆蔻酸从黑虻幼虫脂质向母鸡蛋黄脂质的转移较低

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12304

Maike Heuel, Michael Kreuzer, Christoph Sandrock, Florian Leiber, Alexander Mathys, Moritz Gold, Christian Zurbrügg, Isabelle D. M. Gangnat, Melissa Terranova

{"title":"Transfer of Lauric and Myristic Acid from Black Soldier Fly Larval Lipids to Egg Yolk Lipids of Hens Is Low","authors":"Maike Heuel, Michael Kreuzer, Christoph Sandrock, Florian Leiber, Alexander Mathys, Moritz Gold, Christian Zurbrügg, Isabelle D. M. Gangnat, Melissa Terranova","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12304","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12304","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing insects, such as the black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), as animal feed commonly includes the previous removal of substantial amounts of fat. This fat may represent an as yet underutilized energy source for livestock. However, transfer of lauric and myristic acid, prevalent in BSFL fat and undesired in human nutrition, into animal-source foods like eggs may limit its implementation. To quantify this, a laying hen experiment was performed comprising five different diets (10 hens/diet). These were a control diet with soybean oil and meal and a second diet with soybean oil but with partially defatted BSFL meal as protein source. The other three diets were based on different combinations of partially defatted BSFL meal and fat obtained by two different production methods. Lauric acid made up half of the BSFL fat from both origins. Both BSFL fats also contained substantial amounts of myristic and palmitic acid. However, in the insect-based diets, the net transfer from diet to egg yolk was less than 1% for lauric acid, whereas the net transfer for myristic and palmitic acid was about 30% and 100%, respectively. The net transfer did not vary between BSFL originating from production on different larval feeding substrates. The results illustrate that hens are able to metabolize or elongate very large proportions of ingested lauric acid and myristic acid, which are predominant in the BSFL lipids (together accounting for as much as 37 mol%), such that they collectively account for less than 3.5 mol% of egg yolk fatty acids.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 4","pages":"423-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38831563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio: A Clue to Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Severe Atherosclerosis 甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比率:代谢综合征、胰岛素抵抗和严重动脉粥样硬化的线索

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12302

M. Reza Azarpazhooh, Farid Najafi, Mitra Darbandi, Soushyant Kiarasi, Temilola Oduyemi, J. David Spence

{"title":"Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio: A Clue to Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Severe Atherosclerosis","authors":"M. Reza Azarpazhooh, Farid Najafi, Mitra Darbandi, Soushyant Kiarasi, Temilola Oduyemi, J. David Spence","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12302","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12302","url":null,"abstract":"High serum levels of triglycerides (Tg) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are characteristic of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). We assessed the ratio of Tg to HDL-C as a way to identify MetS and insulin resistance. We also evaluated its association with severity of carotid atherosclerosis. Data were analyzed from three cohorts totaling 13,908 participants. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Optimal cut-off for Tg/HDL-C ratio was obtained using Youden's index in receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. The risk of MetS and IR in those with a Tg/HDL-C ratio above the optimum cutoff was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. A Tg/HDL-C ratio above the optimal cutoff level significantly increased the odds ratio for MetS in the three cohorts (OR 6.00, 4.04, and 3.50, least in the healthy population), identified insulin resistance defined by the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.0001), and was strongly associated with atherosclerosis severity (p = 0.0001). Tg/HDL-C ratio identifies persons with MetS, insulin resistance, and severe atherosclerosis. It should be used more widely to identify patients at high risk. This is clinically important because insulin resistance is treatable.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 4","pages":"405-412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38894349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

MOVAS Cells: A Versatile Cell Line for Studying Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Cholesterol Metabolism MOVAS细胞:研究血管平滑肌细胞胆固醇代谢的多功能细胞系

IF 1.9 4区医学

Lipids Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12303

Ikechukwu Collins Esobi, Christian Barksdale, Caterra Heard-Tate, Rhonda Reigers Powell, Terri F. Bruce, Alexis Stamatikos

{"title":"MOVAS Cells: A Versatile Cell Line for Studying Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Cholesterol Metabolism","authors":"Ikechukwu Collins Esobi, Christian Barksdale, Caterra Heard-Tate, Rhonda Reigers Powell, Terri F. Bruce, Alexis Stamatikos","doi":"10.1002/lipd.12303","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lipd.12303","url":null,"abstract":"Cholesterol metabolism is paramount to cells. Aberrations to cholesterol metabolism affects cholesterol homeostasis, which may impact the risk of several diseases. Recent evidence has suggested that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) cholesterol metabolism may play a role in atherosclerosis. However, there is scant in vitro mechanistic data involving primary VSMC that directly tests how VSMC cholesterol metabolism may impact atherosclerosis. One reason for this lack of data is due to the impracticality of gene manipulation studies in primary VSMC, as cultured primary VSMC become senescent and lose their morphology rapidly. However, there are no immortalized VSMC lines known to be suitable for studying VSMC cholesterol metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MOVAS cells, a commercially available VSMC line, are suitable to use for studying VSMC cholesterol metabolism. Using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, we showed that MOVAS cells express ABCA1, ABCG1, and SREBP-2. We also determined that MOVAS cells efflux cholesterol to apoAI and HDL, which indicates functionality of ABCA1/ABCG1. In serum-starved MOVAS cells, SREBP-2 target gene expression was increased, confirming SREBP-2 functionality. We detected miR-33a expression in MOVAS cells and determined this microRNA can silence ABCA1 and ABCG1 via identifying conserved miR-33a binding sites within ABCA1/ABCG1 3′UTR in MOVAS cells. We showed that cholesterol-loading MOVAS cells results in this cell line to transdifferentiate into a macrophage-like cell, which also occurs when VSMC accumulate cholesterol. Our characterization of MOVAS cells sufficiently demonstrates that they are suitable to use for studying VSMC cholesterol metabolism in the context of atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":18086,"journal":{"name":"Lipids","volume":"56 4","pages":"413-422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lipd.12303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Lipids最新文献