2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)最新文献_第3页

Is Algorithmic Personalized Pricing Unjust? 算法个性化定价不公平吗?

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227123

C. Herzog

{"title":"Is Algorithmic Personalized Pricing Unjust?","authors":"C. Herzog","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227123","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution addresses the issue of justice in algorithmic personalized pricing by considering complex social interactions and determinants necessary to arrive at a conscientious ethical evaluation—hence, arriving at the conclusion that the burden of proof for the ethicality of algorithmic personalized pricing requires a reversal. Instead of assessing algorithmic personalized pricing as prima facie ethically neutral, I propose that there exist ample reasons to doubt this. Simply put, algorithmic personalized pricing is likely forcing consumers to engage in price-sensitive consumer behavior and share the respective data used to infer the consumers’ willingness-to-pay. However, data suggests that it is the most vulnerable that typically lack the resources to engage in long-term planning as well as careful and time-intensive price-sensitive consumption. In addition, algorithmic personalized pricing transfers some of the competitive action away from businesses and onto consumers if price-sensitivity is assessed in relative terms between customers. Such practice is likely to exacerbate inequalities and put those without the resources to engage in such competition at a further disadvantage.","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133407119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inexplicable AI in Medicine as a Form of Epistemic Oppression 医学中令人费解的人工智能是一种认知压迫形式

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227139

C. Herzog

{"title":"Inexplicable AI in Medicine as a Form of Epistemic Oppression","authors":"C. Herzog","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227139","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution portrays inexplicable AI in medicine as a form of epistemic exclusion, i.e., as the marginalization or complete elimination of important stakeholders from the knowledge generation process. To show this, I will first briefly characterize and exemplify the notion of explicability as per Floridi in the medical domain as being instrumental to support accountability through intelligible explanatory interfaces. I will then follow Dotson in delineating three different orders of epistemic oppression, the third being irreducible to either social or political oppression. I will continue to argue that inexplicable AI in medicine, in its tendency to severely hinder a decision-making process that is either shared interprofessionally and/or between patient and physician, may, under certain conditions, amount to third-order epistemic exclusion. I will discuss that it follows that the adoption of inexplicable AI in medicine may severely hamper progress to support health as conceived holistically along the lines of the WHO’s constitution. Instead, the use of inexplicable AI in medicine may bring about short-term benefits, which may be tempting, but should not outweigh the long-term advantages promised by a patient-centered and individualized form of medicine. In summary, this contribution adds a novel conceptual take on the issues involved with adopting black-box AI in the medical domain that goes beyond a merely utility-based argumentation, but—in addition—depicts it as a form of epistemic exclusion, which is also wrong in itself.","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133141073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Wholly Alliance: Psychographics Ethics and the Internet of Things 全面联盟:心理学伦理和物联网

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227096

J. Schoenherr

引用次数: 0

ISTAS 2022 Cover Page ISTAS 2022封面

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/istas55053.2022.10227129

引用次数: 0

Ethics Day Sessions 道德日讲座

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/istas55053.2022.10227115

引用次数: 0

Can strategic resilience coexist with lean approaches? A case study of the aviation industry 战略弹性能否与精益方法共存?航空工业的案例研究

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226645

Martin F. Zorrilla, A. Akgunduz, K. Schmitt

引用次数: 0

Cloud Computing Data Breaches in News Media: Disclosure of Personal and Sensitive Data 新闻媒体中的云计算数据泄露:个人和敏感数据的披露

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227100

David Kolevski, Katina Michael, Roba Abbas, M. Freeman

引用次数: 1

The Questionable Foundations and Implications of Money-Making Apps in China 中国赚钱应用的可疑基础和影响

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226641

Yuanchu Song

{"title":"The Questionable Foundations and Implications of Money-Making Apps in China","authors":"Yuanchu Song","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226641","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2016, some apps have started assigning tasks to mobile internet users in mainland China while compensating them with some money for their loss of attention and time. Qutoutiao and Pinduoduo championed the trend in conquering the low-end market, i.e, new mobile internet users living in smaller cities and rural areas. The business model broke into the mainstream in 2018 with subsequent widespread adoption across the industry, but controversial legal and ethical issues around the practice of openly exchanging users’ screen time for money were rarely addressed until 2020. This paper defines money-making apps and introduces several common models while offering a timeline of how money-making apps grew from a niche category in the industry to the engine of user growth today. Money-making apps remain questionable for their business sustainability, and the model continues to pose significant legal and ethical concerns. The unique context of the convergence of civil society and government bodies in China and the recent stagnation of mobile internet growth are major contributors to the headwinds facing money-making apps in today’s Chinese internet industry.","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"480 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115876718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reexamining the ethical, legal, social, and cultural implications for cochlear implants through a novel neuroethics framework 通过新的神经伦理学框架重新审视人工耳蜗植入的伦理、法律、社会和文化影响

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226644

N. Prins, Rebecca Monteleone, Joana Soldado-Magraner, Joanne E. Nash, Michael J. Young, Laura Y. Cabrera

{"title":"Reexamining the ethical, legal, social, and cultural implications for cochlear implants through a novel neuroethics framework","authors":"N. Prins, Rebecca Monteleone, Joana Soldado-Magraner, Joanne E. Nash, Michael J. Young, Laura Y. Cabrera","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10226644","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades humanity has experienced a true technological revolution. The discoveries of this Information Era have found applications in myriad domains. Most recently, there has been an explosion of new information technologies designed to directly communicate with our bodies, and most notably, our brains. These so-called neurotechnologies might fundamentally transform the way we interact with the external world, and promise to revolutionize the medical field. Neurological and psychiatric conditions have been identified as some of the most pressing public health challenges of this century, given that relatively little is known about their causes, and that they are becoming a major concern among an increasingly aging population. Therefore, there is a tremendous incentive to promote the development of more advanced neurotechnologies. However, there has not been a similar drive to analyze the implications that such technologies might have on both individuals with these disorders, their caregivers and society in general. Here, as part of the IEEE Brain Neuroethics Initiative, we present a framework to analyze issues that might arise when designing and using a wide range of medical neurotechnologies. To illustrate the utility of our framework, we apply it to one of the most established medical neurotechnologies to date, cochlear implants. We highlight a range of ethical implications on safety, wellbeing, and agency, among other factors, as well as potential legal, societal and cultural considerations. Through this case study, we exemplify the benefits of analyzing neurotechnologies using our ethical framework, and encourage neurotechnology stakeholders such as researchers, engineers, clinicians, funding agents and end users to apply it in order to guide responsible development and deployment of neurotechnologies.1Authors contributed equally and both should be recognized as first author","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"463 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115922688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Towards place-based privacy: Challenges and opportunities in the “smart” world 面向基于地点的隐私:“智能”世界的挑战与机遇

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227114

Hongyu Zhang, Grant McKenzie

引用次数: 0