{"title":"Sponsors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/istas55053.2022.10227128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas55053.2022.10227128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124610541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Herzog, Noah-Art Leinweber, Stefanie A. Engelhard, Lars Engelhard
{"title":"Autonomous Ferries and Cargo Ships: Discovering Ethical Issues via a Challenge-Based Learning Approach in Higher Education","authors":"C. Herzog, Noah-Art Leinweber, Stefanie A. Engelhard, Lars Engelhard","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227124","url":null,"abstract":"The ethics of autonomous vehicles continue to be discussed at length in both academia and with the general public. Even though on the level of principles, there is ample fruitful discourse, what is often missing is a discussion targeted at implementation specific ethical challenges. However, outcomes of these discussions could guide developers and stakeholders in advancing towards a thoroughly responsible design of these autonomous and intelligent systems. This contribution reports on the investigation of the ethics of autonomous, zero emission ferries and cargo ships in such a practical way, carried out via engaging university students with the issue during a challenge-based learning engineering ethics course at the University of Lübeck. Within this course, a three-way discourse has unfolded between student groups, supervisors and Unleash Future Boats, a company active in the field of autonomous, hydrogen-powered ferries and cargo ships. Not only do we present a framework for teaching engineering ethics that strives to equip future engineers with a working knowledge and methodology to use ethics as a productive and integrated tool for decision-making during business and engineering development. We also share preliminary insights into relevant and specific ethical challenges to be met when implementing autonomous ferries and cargo ships for inland navigation.","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131675022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcus R. Wigan, G. Adamson, P. Rani, Nick Dyson, Fabian Horton
{"title":"Chatbots and Explainable Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Marcus R. Wigan, G. Adamson, P. Rani, Nick Dyson, Fabian Horton","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227122","url":null,"abstract":"For many areas of artificial intelligence, explainability provides assurance that a decision sits within an acceptable range of possible decisions. In the field of chatbots, however, the function of an AI is to provide an explanation to the user. Users may assume that the purpose of the chatbot is defined by this function. Before we consider the explanatory function of an AI chatbot, we should examine this assumption of purpose. In this research we consider two chatbot cases, the first being where the purpose may not be to inform the user, and secondly, where this should be the purpose. In the commercial sphere we identify two perspectives of AI chatbot purpose: that of the provider, and that of the user. No necessary commonality exists between these two perspectives of purpose. In the government services sphere, methods of increasing the alignment between requested information and appropriate response include “law as code” as a mechanism for simplifying the automation of regulation.","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121366563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Only the Old and Sick Will Die” - Reproducing ‘Eugenic Visuality’ in COVID-19 Data Visualization","authors":"R. Williams","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS55053.2022.10227111","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 illness and death has disproportionately impacted marginalized groups the world over. In the United States, Black and Indigenous people have endured the largest risk of death. Disabled and chronically ill people have continued to isolate as their peers “return to normal”, bearing sole liability for their own safety in a society that deems their lives not worth the “sacrifice” of public health measures. While public and institutional policy makers bare personal responsibility for “survival of the fittest” approaches to public health, data science and visualization has contributed to and legitimized many of these eugenic policy decisions through design tropes I characterize as ‘eugenic visuality’. In this paper, I explore how inadequacies and obscurities in COVID-19 data visualization have contributed to and sustained public narratives that devalue marginalized lives for the comfort of white-supremacist and capitalist social norms. While I focus on visualizations and statements provided by the CDC, the implications extend beyond any individual or institution to our collective preconceptions and values. Namely, unexamined biases and unquestioned norms are embedded in data science and visualization, constraining how data is represented and interpreted. These assumptions limit how data can be leveraged in the pursuit of just social policy. Therefore, I propose guiding principles for a Just Visuality in data science and representation, supported by the work of disabled activists and scholars of color.","PeriodicalId":180420,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123467156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}