Immunology & Cell Biology最新文献

{"title":"Breaking down silos: The Gastroenterology Immunology Neuroscience (GIN) Discovery Program – a new model for research","authors":"Juliana Silva,&nbsp;Emma P Halmos,&nbsp;Benjamin J Marsland,&nbsp;Richelle Mychasiuk","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12802","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12802","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Gastroenterology Immunology Neuroscience (GIN) Discovery Program represents a new model for research that overcomes the limitations imposed by traditional “research silos” in science. By uniting these three fields, the GIN Program aims to enhance the understanding and treatment of chronic conditions through a system-wide perspective focusing on the gut–immune–brain axis. Key initiatives include monthly interdisciplinary seminars, an annual symposium, and GINnovate, a commercialization and entrepreneurship event. Additionally, the program offers a seed grant competition for early and mid-career researchers, promoting advancements in gut–immune–brain axis research through the power of collaboration. The GIN Program in a short period of time has facilitated the formation of a vibrant community, captivating attention from both national and international institutions. This effort to break down barriers in research aims to inspire similar models that prioritize open communication, mutual respect and a commitment to impactful science.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"658-662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of immunology: a Lofoten perspective","authors":"Pawel Borowicz,&nbsp;Carolyn G King,&nbsp;Michael L Dustin,&nbsp;E John Wherry,&nbsp;Gary A Koretzky,&nbsp;Anne Spurkland","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12805","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12805","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This Future Challenges article summarizes views on future directions in immunological research presented at round-table discussions at the 4th Immunology workshop in the Lofoten Islands in Norway, held in August 2023, and subsequent responses to surveys sent to meeting participants. It also summarizes some of the conversations around the responsibility of scientists to communicate with the non-science community, and the approaches that we may use to meet this obligation.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 9","pages":"760-765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the bench to the farm and back again.","authors":"Johnathan Canton","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>My path to becoming a scientist has taken many twists and turns. This is perhaps not unusual to hear. Indeed, in discussions with my colleagues it seems that for many of us the path was never a straight one. Certainly, for me there have been moments when my whole world was encompassed by science and at other times, I have felt strongly that my time in science was up. I like to think that as scientists we ask a lot of questions and, for many of us, those questions extend to our very purpose as a scientist. My intention with this article is not to document my career path in detail or to provide very specific advice. Rather, I hope to describe how questions have defined my journey and to inspire others to occasionally pause and ask themselves what a career in science means to them. Today, I am an Assistant Professor at a major Canadian university, and here are the questions I asked along the way.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ICB Special Feature: Highlights of 2023","authors":"Joanne H Reed","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12792","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12792","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In this Special Feature, we bring you the “Highlights of 2023”, a collection of short articles that discuss key research findings published in 2023 that advanced a specific research area of immunology. Booty&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; discusses recent mechanistic insights in T-cell immunometabolism, highlighting pathways and metabolites that modulate T effector and T regulatory (Treg) cell function in cancer and autoimmunity. Zhang and Chong&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; review key findings demonstrating the roles of microRNA in T-cell apoptosis and differentiation and Treg proliferation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and myeloma. Makuyana and Liston&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; focus on publications revealing new functions for Treg cells in the lung, including in alveolar regeneration. Guo &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; highlight work that has advanced our understanding of age-related effects on T cells with large-scale analyses showing genetic, transcriptomic and T-cell receptor repertoire changes with age. Pasquin&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; discusses key findings in the functional characterization and diversity of γδ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Cellular therapy was a pivotal theme in 2023. Chinni &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; highlight findings demonstrating how CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells impact the manufacturing and quality of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products and contribute to long-term tumor control and adverse events such as cytokine release syndrome. Lee and Reed&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; discuss current clinical trials and basic research studies that are improving the specificity, safety and accessibility of CAR T-cell therapy for autoimmune disease. Bourel and Lesage&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; focus on publications defining the phenotypic, genetic and functional attributes that influence natural killer (NK) cell–mediated killing of tumor cells for the development of NK cellular therapies. Lam and Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; continue the NK cell theme, highlighting technological advances in genomics and proteomics that elucidate key functions of NK cells in cancer and infection. Lombard-Vadnais and Lesage&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; uncover the role of class switching in thymic B cells for negative selection of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; thymocytes and Treg generation. Barra and Marshall&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; highlight key findings on the diversity and function of mast cells and how they integrate with host defense to prevent immune-mediated damage in barrier tissues and the central nervous system. Dashwood and Liston&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; bring us up to date on microglia biology, with mechanistic insights into cognitive development, synaptic pruning and new approaches to evaluate microglia function. Van Nieuwenhove&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; highlights major translational advances in the detection and treatment of monogenic and polygenic pediatric immune deficienci","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 6","pages":"412-413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TLR9-dependent dendritic cell maturation promotes IL-6-mediated upregulation of cathepsin X","authors":"Bangyan Xu,&nbsp;Bethany M Anderson,&nbsp;Justine D Mintern,&nbsp;Laura E Edgington-Mitchell","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12806","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12806","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cysteine cathepsins are lysosomal proteases subject to dynamic regulation within antigen-presenting cells during the immune response and associated diseases. To investigate the regulation of cathepsin X, a carboxy-mono-exopeptidase, during maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), we exposed immortalized mouse DCs to various Toll-like receptor agonists. Using a cathepsin X-selective activity-based probe, sCy5-Nle-SY, we observed a significant increase in cathepsin X activation upon TLR-9 agonism with CpG, and to a lesser extent with Pam3 (TLR1/2), FSL-1 (TLR2/6) and LPS (TLR4). Despite clear maturation of DCs in response to Poly I:C (TLR3), cathepsin X activity was only slightly increased by this agonist, suggesting differential regulation of cathepsin X downstream of TLR activation. We demonstrated that cathepsin X was upregulated at the transcriptional level in response to CpG. This occurred at late time points and was not dampened by NF-κB inhibition. Factors secreted from CpG-treated cells were able to provoke cathepsin X upregulation when applied to naïve cells. Among these factors was IL-6, which on its own was sufficient to induce transcriptional upregulation and activation of cathepsin X. IL-6 is highly secreted by DCs in response to CpG but much less so in response to poly I:C, and inhibition of the IL-6 receptor subunit glycoprotein 130 prevented CpG-mediated cathepsin X upregulation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that cathepsin X is differentially transcribed during DC maturation in response to diverse stimuli, and that secreted IL-6 is critical for its dynamic regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 9","pages":"787-800"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141557651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UNCovering new causes of monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Julia I Ellyard,&nbsp;Michael P Gantier","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12807","url":null,"abstract":"<p>UNC93B1 is essential for the stability and endosomal trafficking of nucleic-acid sensing Toll-like receptors (TLRs) including TLR7 and TLR8. Increased TLR7 responses are associated with lupus autoimmunity in both mice and humans. In a recent article, Al-Azab <i>et al.</i> demonstrate the role of a variant of <i>UNC93B1</i> (p.V117L) in the induction of pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus in patients and in mice through TLR7/8 hyperresponsiveness. They also highlight a potential role for the pharmacological inhibition of interleukin-1 receptor–associated kinase (IRAK) 1 and/or 4 in ameliorating disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"651-654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAGging on recombination signal sequence strength for diffusion-mediated recombination","authors":"Katherine JL Jackson","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12803","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12803","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, we discuss new insights into the distinct mechanisms for V(D)J recombination for different immunoglobulin loci. This follows the recent revelation that recombination signal sequences (RSS) within the IGKV locus have evolved to be more efficient mediators of recombination activating gene (RAG) recombination compared to the same elements in the IGH locus. This difference in RSS strength is proposed to be driven by different molecular mechanisms for RAG-mediated recombination between the two loci.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"648-650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141553801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating functional metagenomics to decipher microbiome–immune interactions","authors":"Puspendu Sardar,&nbsp;Alexandre Almeida,&nbsp;Virginia A Pedicord","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12798","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12798","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial metabolites can be viewed as the cytokines of the microbiome, transmitting information about the microbial and metabolic environment of the gut to orchestrate and modulate local and systemic immune responses. Still, many immunology studies focus solely on the taxonomy and community structure of the gut microbiota rather than its functions. Early sequencing-based microbiota profiling approaches relied on PCR amplification of small regions of bacterial and fungal genomes to facilitate identification of the microbes present. However, recent microbiome analysis methods, particularly shotgun metagenomic sequencing, now enable culture-independent profiling of microbiome functions and metabolites in addition to taxonomic characterization. In this review, we showcase recent advances in functional metagenomics methods and applications and discuss the current limitations and potential avenues for future development. Importantly, we highlight a few examples of key areas of opportunity in immunology research where integrating functional metagenomic analyses of the microbiome can substantially enhance a mechanistic understanding of microbiome–immune interactions and their contributions to health and disease states.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 8","pages":"680-691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurturing a positive research culture within your organization","authors":"Adrian Liston,&nbsp;Denise C Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12804","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Immunology &amp; Cell Biology</i> 2024; <b>102</b>: 526; https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12804</p><p>Correction to: <i>Immunology &amp; Cell Biology</i> 2023; https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12795</p><p>The authors would like to correct the descriptions for Figures 2 and 3. Please refer to the correct captions as shown below.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 6","pages":"526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12804","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlight of 2023: Advances in germinal centers","authors":"Theresa E Pankhurst,&nbsp;Michelle A Linterman","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12800","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imcb.12800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article for the Highlight of 2023 series, we discuss recent advances in the fundamental biology of the germinal center response. These discoveries provide important insights as to how the germinal center contributes to protection against infection, and also highlights opportunities for future vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":"102 6","pages":"463-466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imcb.12800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}