Laboratory Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Screening of nontoxic dyes for improved visualization and success rate in mouse embryo transfer.","authors":"Imai Hiroyuki, Matsuya Sumito, Uemura Tatsumi, Fujino Kaoru, Kawabe Toshiaki, Kano Kiyoshi, Kusakabe Ken Takeshi","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00261-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00261-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Advancements in genome editing technology and the globalization of life science research have highlighted the need for refined techniques in individualizing fertilized mouse eggs. Traditional embryo transfer surgery, which demands precise and objective success assessment, presents challenges for technical mastery and animal welfare. To address these issues, we developed a novel culture medium incorporating a dye library that enhances the visibility of ultrafine capillaries. RESULTS: We screened 32 compounds based on their color properties and excluded those with clear cytotoxicity through colony formation inhibition tests. Five compounds demonstrated developmental outcomes comparable to those of the control group during embryo culture. Gene expression analysis revealed high correlation with control embryos, indicating no adverse developmental impact. No maternal toxicity was observed during and after embryo transfer using the dyed medium, which also produced normal offspring. A randomized survey confirmed improved visibility compared to conventional methods. CONCLUSION: This study successfully identified nontoxic dyes that enhance the visibility of embryo transfer culture media, potentially improving precision and animal welfare in embryological research. Based on our findings, adding Brilliant Blue FCF or Fast Green FCF to the medium is recommended. </p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12667083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145654777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Ets-1 deficiency-induced depigmentation in a mouse model: insights into vitiligo pathogenesis.","authors":"Wen-Yu Chang, Tzong-Shyuan Tai, Yu-Chun Lin, Po-Han Chen, Chih-Yang Chang, Yue-Chiu Su, Ying-Hsien Kao","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00260-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00260-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes (MCs), leading to depigmentation. While the exact mechanisms are unclear, the transcription factor Ets-1, known for its role in regulating matrix metalloproteinase expression and MC migration, is suspected to play a part. Ets-1 gene-deficient mice exhibit a vitiligo-like phenotype with spontaneous skin depigmentation, suggesting a direct link between Ets-1 deficiency and MC dysfunction. This study aimed to characterize the molecular and histological features of Ets-1 gene knockout (KO) mice to understand the underlying mechanisms of this depigmentation. RESULTS: Transcriptomic analysis of depigmented and normal skin from Ets-1 KO and wild-type mice revealed significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated alterations in metabolic and signal transduction pathways, notably the downregulation of melanogenesis-related genes. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed reduced tyrosinase expression at both transcript and protein levels in the depigmented skin of KO mice. Protein-protein interaction network analysis of the DEGs highlighted a central network involving keratin proteins and discrete interactions regulating melanogenesis, stress response, and cellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that Ets-1 deficiency in mice leads to significant molecular and histological changes consistent with MC dysfunction and depigmentation. The observed downregulation of melanogenesis-related genes and alterations in key signaling pathways provide valuable insights into the molecular basis of Ets-1’s role in MC maintenance and suggest potential therapeutic targets for skin pigmentation disorders, including vitiligo. </p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12661662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145635052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrodia elata Blume extract suppresses lipid accumulation in high-fat diet-fed rats: a biochemical and histopathological evaluation.","authors":"Hyeon Jeong Na, Yeon Su Lee, Da Eun Jung, Ji Won Seo, Jeong Su Park, Jin Woo Hong, Jae-Ho Shin","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00257-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00257-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Excessive consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) can easily cause obesity, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver disease. Persistent elevation of blood lipid levels increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, with hyperlipidemia being a well-established risk factor. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) is a perennial orchid plant that is known to have beneficial effects on obesity and blood circulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GEB extract on improving blood lipids in the hyperlipidemia model induced by HFD in rats. Wistar rats (five-week-old) were divided into 3 groups: Control (CON) group, HFD induced (HF) group, and GEB treated (GEB) group. RESULTS: The treatment of GEB extract reduced body weight gain, visceral fat, and epididymal fat weights. Serum total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower in the GEB group than in the HF group. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were reduced in the GEB group than in the HF group. Histopathological analysis of the liver showed that the GEB group alleviated structural damage to the liver by reducing lipid accumulation in hepatocytes compared with the HF group in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Oil red O staining. The adipocyte diameter was smaller in the GEB group than in the HF group, and the atherosclerosis index (AI) was significantly lower in the GEB group compared to the HF group. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying these effects was elucidated by demonstrating that GEB extract decreased the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), a key regulator of cholesterol synthesis in the liver. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that GEB extract has the effect of improving blood and liver lipid levels. </p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The status of postapproval monitoring operation by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in Korea.","authors":"Jimin Lee, Na Ahn, Sangho Roh","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00258-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00258-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postapproval monitoring (PAM) is a critical component of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) oversight, ensuring compliance with approved protocols and ethical animal research practices. While the PAM is not explicitly mandated under U.S. federal regulations, it has been widely recognized as an essential mechanism for verifying adherence to animal welfare standards. In contrast, Korea has formally integrated the PAM into its legal framework, making it a mandatory function of IACUCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study examines the implementation and perception of the PAM in Korean institutions through a survey of relevant professionals. These findings indicate that while awareness of the PAM is high, challenges such as limited manpower and institutional support hinder its effective execution. Additionally, the pandemic highlighted the potential for online remote monitoring as a supplemental method, although concerns remain regarding its effectiveness in assessing real-time animal welfare conditions. The study suggests that a hybrid PAM model, that combines onsite and remote monitoring, could improve oversight efficiency while addressing resource constraints. Strengthening administrative support, increasing professional staffing, and enhancing researcher training are crucial steps for optimizing PAM operations in Korea.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These insights contribute to the broader discourse on the evolution of animal research oversight and the need for adaptable monitoring strategies in diverse regulatory environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12522620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145301741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"11α-hydroxyprogesterone dampens lung metastasis via EMT modulation in PyMT-induced breast cancer murine model.","authors":"Narim Kim, Jinhee Lee, Ah Young Song, Moeka Mukae, Beum-Soo An, Eui-Ju Hong","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00259-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00259-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the availability of various therapeutic strategies, the prognosis for patients with metastatic breast cancer remains poor. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical mechanism driving metastasis in breast cancer, enabling tumor cells to lose epithelial characteristics and acquire enhanced motility and invasiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study investigates the role of 11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (11α-OHP), a steroid hormone with an incompletely understood biosynthesis and metabolic pathway, in regulating lung metastasis in breast cancer. Using the MMTV-PyMT FVB mouse model, which spontaneously develops breast tumors we administered 11α-OHP for five weeks starting at 10 weeks of age. At 15 weeks, histological analysis revealed a significant reduction in lung metastasis in 11α-OHP-treated mice compared to controls, with notably smaller metastatic tumor areas in the lungs. Additionally, treated mice exhibited increased expression of epithelial cell adhesion proteins and decreased levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in lung tissues. In vitro experiments using MDA-MB-231 cells corroborated these findings, showing that 11α-OHP significantly inhibited cell motility and invasiveness in scratch wound, transwell migration, and invasion assays. Notably, 11α-OHP did not significantly alter primary tumor growth in the MMTV-PyMT model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that 11α-OHP may suppress breast cancer metastasis by modulating EMT, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for preventing metastatic progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12519870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorylation-mimicking histone H3.3 rescues exercise-induced gene responses in an epigenetic aging model of mouse skeletal muscle.","authors":"Sho Maruyama, Fuminori Kawano","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00254-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00254-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With aging, the canonical histone H3.1/3.2 in skeletal muscle is progressively replaced by the non-canonical variant H3.3. Although H3.3 is thought to be involved in age-related epigenetic regulation due to its role as a histone variant, its functional characteristics remain largely unknown. Serine 31 (S31) is a unique amino acid residue of H3.3 that undergoes phosphorylation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle aging and H3.3 phosphorylation at S31 (H3.3S31ph).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We first demonstrated that H3.3S31ph levels were significantly reduced in the tibialis anterior muscle of 75-wk-old mice compared to 8-wk-old mice. We then examined the effects of viral vector-mediated expression of wild-type H3.3 or a phosphorylation-mimicking H3.3 mutant (H3.3S31E) on gene responsiveness to acute exercise in aging skeletal muscle. In muscles expressing wild-type H3.3, which simulates epigenetic alterations observed during skeletal muscle aging, the transcriptional response to acute exercise was lost by 30 weeks post-treatment (60 weeks of age). In contrast, expression of H3.3S31E successfully rescued the gene responses to acute exercise. This rescue was accompanied by increased enrichment of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 following acute exercise in the H3.3S31E group, whereas no such histone modification changes were observed in the wild-type H3.3 group. Additionally, robust involvement of exogenous H3.3 in exercise-related histone turnover was observed in the wild-type H3.3 group, but not in the H3.3S31E group, suggesting that phosphorylation at S31 limits the dynamic behavior of H3.3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Impaired transcriptional responsiveness to exercise in a simulated epigenetic aging model induced by exogenous H3.3 expression was rescued by the phosphorylation-mimicking H3.3S31E variant in middle-aged skeletal muscle. The findings of the present study demonstrate that H3.3S31ph plays a critical role in regulating the stability of H3.3 within chromatin.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rodent research of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: insights into widely used animal models.","authors":"Juan Carlos Corona","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00255-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00255-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous rodent research models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been proposed, including pharmacological, environmental, and genetically generated models. A rodent model for studying ADHD should demonstrate similarities to the disorder by mimicking its three core symptoms (face validity), should align with a theoretically justified pathophysiological basis (construct validity), and should provide insights into unknown aspects of ADHD neurobiology while offering potential new treatments (predictive validity). This review provides an overview of rodent research models, which vary in their pathophysiological alterations, ability to replicate behavioural symptoms, and response to pharmacological treatments. Given this heterogeneity, it remains challenging to determine which rodent model best represents ADHD or its different subtypes. Consequently, validating these models against contemporary medication therapies and testing candidate natural compounds as potential adjuvant treatments is essential. Additionally, combining models induced by neurotoxins, environmental substances, and genetic modifications may help evaluate potential interactions and their impact on ADHD development.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary leptomeningeal histiocytic lymphoproliferative disorder associated with SARS-CoV-2 brain infection in k18-hACE2 mouse: a case report.","authors":"Néstor Porras, Lidia Sánchez-Morales, Marta Pérez-Sancho, Lucas Domínguez, Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00256-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00256-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Histiocytic proliferative disorders in the central nervous system are rare, and their potential association with viral infections remains largely unexplored. This case is relevant because it suggests a potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion and tumor development, providing insights into how viral infections might influence oncogenesis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 4.5-month-old male k18-hACE-2 mouse, part of an experimental study of SARS-CoV-2, displayed a small mass in leptomeningeal area composed by neoplastic round cells. This process is associated with typical acute inflammatory and neurodegenerative lesions according to viral neuroinvasion. Histopathology revealed a well-demarcated tumor composed of lymphoblasts and intermixed with abundant histiocytic-like cells. Immunohistochemistry showed high expression of Iba-1 in histiocytes but negative PAX5, CD3 and IRF-4 labeling. Due to the critical role of PAX-5 in maintaining B-cell function, its reduction or inactivation may favor this loss of identity and differentiation to macrophages, which supports the possibility of a lymphoma undergoing transdifferentiation into a histiocytic/dendritic cells neoplasm. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 was detected within the tumor histiocytes and adjacent neurons, raising questions about potential interactions between viral infection and tumor development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain, this finding highlights the need for further investigation into the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and oncogenesis. This case represents the first report of a primary brain histiocytic lymphoproliferative disorder associated with SARS-CoV-2 in k18-hACE2 mouse.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and immunological aspects of asthma: the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) as a model of allergic asthma.","authors":"Ivonne Pacheco-Alba, Marisol Alvarez-González","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00253-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00253-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a chronic and heterogeneous airway disease characterized by a variety of respiratory symptoms associated with airflow limitation. Asthma patients exhibit altered immunological and physiological features in the airways, including inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and, in severe cases, permanent structural changes that lead to airway obstruction. Among the different types of asthma, allergic asthma mediated by Th2 cells is the most prevalent phenotype worldwide. The diversity of etiological factors involved, the variability in symptom intensity, and the high global incidence have increased interest in studying this phenomenon. Due to the ethical constraints associated with studying asthma in humans, the development of animal models has emerged as an alternative for investigating the disease's pathophysiology. In particular, the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) has become one of the most commonly used species, as it closely resembles the inflammatory, pharmacological, and physiological responses observed in the human airway. This article provides a comprehensive description of the development of an allergic asthma model in the guinea pig. The processes involved in each methodological phase are described in detail from an immunological and physiological perspective, emphasizing their importance in understanding the disease's pathophysiological mechanisms. It is argued that the airway inflammation, obstructive responses, and remodeling processes observed in this model are consistent with features seen in asthma patients, establishing the guinea pig as a reliable model for studying allergic asthma in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of Gastrodia elata Blume extract in ovalbumin-induced asthma rat model.","authors":"Jeong Su Park, Yeon Su Lee, Da Eun Jung, Ji Won Seo, Hyeon Jeong Na, Jin Woo Hong, Jae-Ho Shin","doi":"10.1186/s42826-025-00252-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42826-025-00252-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which bronchial inflammation causes narrowing of the bronchi when exposed to allergens, resulting in coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) is a perennial Orchidaceae plant native to alpine areas and is known to be effective in anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsants. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of GEB extract in a rat model of allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of GEB extract in a rat model of allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin. Twenty-four 6-week-old Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (CON), ovalbumin (OVA) -induced group, and GEB treatment group. Except for the CON group, the remaining groups were sensitized to OVA by intraperitoneal injection, and asthma was induced by OVA intranasal instillation. The CON and OVA groups were administered distilled water, and the GEB group was administered 7 g/kg of GEB extract for 11 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum total IgE levels were decreased in the GEB group compared to the OVA group. Also, lung IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels were significantly lower in the GEB group than in the OVA group. Histopathological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid Schiff staining, the tracheal and alveolar walls of the OVA group were thickened, and there was increased infiltration of inflammatory cells in the bronchi, perivascular, and alveolar spaces. As for lung damage caused by OVA, GEB treatment reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the bronchi and blood vessels, and the alveolar spaces were maintained, showing a structure similar to that of the CON group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that IL-4, IL-5, CD206, and MPO expression levels were reduced in the GEB group compared to the OVA group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This suggests that GEB treatment has an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect by reducing the levels of IgE and the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and ameliorating histopathological changes in an asthma rat model.</p>","PeriodicalId":17993,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory Animal Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}