Language最新文献

{"title":"Engaging students in research and self-discovery: An integrative and student-centered approach to History of the English Language: Supplemental material","authors":"Maria Ornella Treglia","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a915265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a915265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"66 11","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138988722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the inferential strength of epistemic must: Supplemental material","authors":"Giuseppe Ricciardi, Rachel Ryskin, Edward Gibson","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a915263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a915263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"116 8","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"English contracted negation revisited: Evidence from varieties of Scots","authors":"Gary Thoms, David Adger, C. Heycock, E. Jamieson, Jennifer Smith","doi":"10.1353/lan.2023.a914192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2023.a914192","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article is concerned with the syntactic position of negation and how that connects to negation’s morphological realization and semantic and pragmatic effects. We focus on the case of contracted negation in English, which may appear both before and after the grammatical subject, and which has been classically analyzed as involving a single syntactic element placed by syntactic rule into distinct linear positions. We argue that this analysis is incorrect and that, in fact, there are multiple negations in English which are not related by a syntactic movement rule. We use the rich and complex morphosyntactic and semantico-pragmatic variation in the behavior of negation in varieties of Scots to motivate the argument and to develop a new approach that comes with both empirical and theoretical advantages.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the inferential strength of epistemic must","authors":"Giuseppe Ricciardi, Rachel Ryskin, Edward Gibson","doi":"10.1353/lan.0.a913402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.0.a913402","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents four experiments that investigate the meaning of English and Italian statements containing the epistemic necessity auxiliary verb must/dovere, a topic of long-standing debate in the philosophical and linguistics literature. Our findings show that the endorsement of such statements in a given scenario depends on the participants’ subjective assessment about whether they are convinced that the conclusion suggested by the scenario is true, independently from their objective assessment of the conclusion’s likelihood. We interpret these findings as suggesting that English and Italian speakers use epistemic necessity verbs to communicate neither conclusions judged to be necessary (contrary to the prediction of the standard modal logical view) nor conclusions judged to be highly probable (contrary to the prediction of recent analyses using probabilistic models) but conclusions whose truth they believe in (as predicted by the analysis of epistemic must as an inferential evidential). We suggest that this evidential meaning of epistemic must/dovere might have arisen in everyday conversation from a reiterated hyperbolic use of the words with their original meaning as epistemic necessity verbs.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"12 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listener beliefs and perceptual learning: Differences between device and human guises","authors":"Georgia Zellou, Michelle Cohn, Anne Pycha","doi":"10.1353/lan.0.a913403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.0.a913403","url":null,"abstract":"Listeners have a remarkable ability to adapt to novel speech patterns, such as a new accent or an idiosyncratic pronunciation. In almost all of the previous studies examining this phenomenon, the participating listeners had reason to believe that the speech signal was produced by a human being. However, people are increasingly interacting with voice-activated artificially intelligent (voice-AI) devices that produce speech using text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. Will listeners also adapt to novel speech input when they believe it is produced by a device? Across three experiments, we investigate this question by exposing American English listeners to shifted pronunciations accompanied by either a ‘human’ or a ‘device’ guise and testing how this exposure affects their subsequent categorization of vowels. Our results show that listeners exhibit perceptual learning even when they believe the speaker is a device. Furthermore, listeners generalize these adjustments to new talkers, and do so particularly strongly when they believe that both old and new talkers are devices. These results have implications for models of speech perception, theories of human-computer interaction, and the interface between social cognition and linguistic theory","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"36 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FREQUENCY IN GIVING ASSIGNMENTS ON ENGLISH LEARNING OUTCOMES AT GRADE SIXTH STUDENTS OF GLOBAL PERSADA MANDIRI ELEMENTARY SCHOOL","authors":"NOVITA AISYAH REZKI LUBIS, YON A.E","doi":"10.51878/language.v3i3.2487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v3i3.2487","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of The Research is to find out the effectiveness of frequency in giving assignments on English learning outcomes at grade 6th students at Global Persada Mandiri Elementary School Bekasi. The instrument for obtaining research data was the results of test given to students in two different classes with different methods of giving. The method of this research is experiment method, the population was all class VI students at SD Global Persada Mandiri Bekasi. This research involving 60 samples which taken randomly. Based on the result of the research conducted, it is proven that there is an effect of the frequency of assignments on English learning outcomes with the results of the control class research calculations where the mean value is (65,9), median (64,6), and the mode(65,1) for the experimental class obtained a mean value of (73,9), median (71,2) and mode (72,5). Then the results of the hypothesis test a fairing of 3,88 and of 1,644. In testing the H0 it is rejected if is greater than . The results of the t-test show that > where 3,88>1,644. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of the frequency in giving assignments on the English learning outcomes at grade sixth of Global Persada Mandiri Bekasi. ABSTRAKTujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas frekuensi pemberian tugas terhadap hasil belajar bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas 6 SD Global Persada Mandiri Bekasi. Instrumen untuk memperoleh data penelitian adalah hasil tes yang diberikan kepada siswa di dua kelas yang berbeda dengan metode pemberian yang berbeda. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen, populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas VI SD Global Persada Mandiri Bekasi. Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 sampel yang diambil secara acak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan terbukti terdapat pengaruh frekuensi penugasan terhadap hasil belajar bahasa Inggris dengan hasil perhitungan penelitian kelas kontrol dimana nilai mean (65,9), median (64, 6), dan modus (65,1) pada kelas eksperimen memperoleh nilai mean (73,9), median (71,2) dan modus (72,5). Kemudian hasil uji hipotesis fairing sebesar 3,88 dan sebesar 1,644. Dalam pengujian H0 ditolak jika lebih besar dari . Hasil uji t menunjukkan > dimana 3,88>1,644. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh frekuensi pemberian tugas terhadap hasil belajar bahasa Inggris kelas VI Global Persada Mandiri Bekasi.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENINGKATAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR EXPRESSION DENGAN PENGGUNAAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING MAKE A MATCH PADA SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 TEGALOMBO","authors":"MARJIAH MARJIAH","doi":"10.51878/language.v3i3.2470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v3i3.2470","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of writing this scientific review is to describe the implementation of learning using Cooperative Learning Make A Match in an effort to increase interest in learning English in class XI students at SMAN 1 Tegalombo. From the results of the study, with fun learning, such as the Make A Match method, students feel happy and enthusiastic about learning. This is because Make A Match is a learning game, where students are asked to find pairs of question cards or answer cards. This game with question and answer cards increases students' interest in learning English. The advantages of Make A Match include being able to be an effective technique for reviewing student knowledge, because the time used is shorter and more efficient. Apart from that, a happy atmosphere among students grows, cooperation between students is realized dynamically and a dynamic of mutual cooperation emerges that is evenly distributed among all students. The disadvantages of this model include the teacher having to provide question and answer cards, and needing to organize the game so that the learning atmosphere remains orderly and in accordance with the learning steps.
 ABSTRAKTujuan penulisan tinjauan ilmiah ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan Cooperative LearningMake A Match dalam upaya meningkatkan minat belajar Bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Tegalombo. Dari hasil kajian, dengan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan, seperti metode Make A Match, siswa merasa senang dan antusias dalam pembelajaran. Hal ini disebabkan karena Make A Match merupakan pembelajaran dengan permainan, dimana siswa diminta menemukan pasangan kartu soal atau kartu jawaban. Permainan dengan kartu soal-jawab ini meningkatkan minat belajar siswa terhadap pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Kelebihan dari Make A Match ini antara lain mampu menjadi teknik review pengetahuan siswa yang efektif, karena waktu yang digunakan lebih singkat dan efisien. Selain itu, suasana gembira di antara siswa tumbuh, kerja sama antar siswa terwujud dengan dinamis dan muncul dinamika gotong royong yang merata pada seluruh siswa. Kekurangan dari model ini antara lain guru harus menyediakan kartu soal-jawab, dan perlu mengatur permainan agar tetap suasana pembelajaran tetap tertib dan sesuai dengan langkah-langkah pembelajaran.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135195146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA DENGAN KONSEP MIKiR MENGGUNAKAN DESAIN PEMBELAJARAN SISWA KELAS VII MTsN 1 BALIKPAPAN","authors":"NUR KHUSNUL KHOTIMAH","doi":"10.51878/language.v3i3.2453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v3i3.2453","url":null,"abstract":"This research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which aims to increase the active Indonesian language learning of class VII MTsN 1 Balikpapan students through the MIKiR Approach using Learning Design. The subjects in this research were 32 students of class VII-2 MTsN 1 Balikpapan. Data collection techniques in this research include observation and documentation. The MIKiR approach using Learning Design is carried out in 3 cycles consisting of the planning stage, implementation stage, observation stage and reflection stage. The results of research in cycle I showed that student activity was scored 70 in the active category. In cycle II, student activity increased to 80 in the active category. In cycle III, student activity increased even more with a score of 90 in the very active category. These results indicate that there is an increase in student learning activity through the MIKiR approach using Learning Design, so it can be concluded that the MIKiR approach using Learning Design can increase students' active Indonesian language learning. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan belajar bahasa indonesia siswa kelas VII MTsN 1 Balikpapan melalui Pendekatan MIKiR dengan menggunakan Desain Pembelajaran. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa kelas VII-2 MTsN 1 Balikpapan. Teknik pengumpulan data pada peneliltian ini meliputi observasi dan dokumentasi. Pendekatan MIKiR menggunakan Desain Pembelajaran dilakukan dalam 3 siklus yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap observasi dan tahap refleksi. Hasil penelitian pada siklus I menunjukkan keaktifan siswa bernilai 70 dengan kategori aktif. Pada siklus II keaktifan siswa meningkat menjadi 80 dengan kategori aktif. Pada siklus III keaktifan siswa lebih meningkat lagi dengan nilai 90 dengan kategori sangat aktif. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan keaktifan belajar siswa melalui pendekatan MIKiR dengan menggunakan Desain Pembelajaran, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan MIKiR dengan menggunakan Desain Pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan keaktifan belajar bahasa indonesia siswa.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135245746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING TIPE LEARNING COMMUNITY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA TENTANG SURAT","authors":"EEN HENDARSIH","doi":"10.51878/language.v3i3.2468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v3i3.2468","url":null,"abstract":"This research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). Carried out collaboratively between researchers, observers and the subjects studied. The main aim of this research is to improve the learning achievement of Indonesian language regarding letters for class VII students. E MTsN 5 Brass. The subjects of this research were class VII students. E MTsN 5 Brass. This classroom action research process was carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of one meeting consisting of four actions, namely planning, implementation, action, observation and reflection. Learning activities in the first cycle obtained an average score of 68, while the second cycle obtained an average score of 85. This research concludes that through the contextual teaching and learning type learning community learning model, it can improve Indonesian language learning achievement regarding letters for class VII students. E MTsN 5 Brass. Apart from that, the contextual teaching and learning type learning community model can increase students' learning motivation in the learning process. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif antara peneliti, observer, dan subyek yang diteliti. Tujuan utama dalam penetian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar bahasa indonesia tentang surat siswa kelas VII. E MTsN 5 Kuningan. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII. E MTsN 5 Kuningan. Proses penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan dua siklus, setiap siklus satu kali peretemuan terdiri empat tindakan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Kegitan pembelajaran pada siklus pertama dengan memperoleh nilai rata-rata 68, sedangkan siklus kedua memperoleh nilai rata-rata 85. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa melalui model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning type learning community dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar bahasa indonesia tentang surat siswa kelas VII. E MTsN 5 Kuningan. Selain itu model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning type learning community dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA MATERI PUISI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PICTURE AND PICTURE DI KELAS II SD NEGERI 08 SUNGAI RAYA","authors":"DWI KARINA","doi":"10.51878/language.v3i3.2471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/language.v3i3.2471","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to improve Indonesian language learning achievement in poetry material through the picture and picture learning model in class II at SDN 08 Sungai Raya. This research uses classroom action research methods. This research uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects were Class II students at SD Negeri 08 Sungai Raya for the 2019/2020 academic year, totaling 17 students and consisting of 14 male students and 3 female students. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and test results. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The application of the Picture and Picture Learning Model can increase students' learning activities in the Indonesian language subject Poetry material for Class II students in the second semester of SD Negeri 08 Sungai Raya for the 2019/2020 academic year which can be seen from the increase in learning activities from cycle I to cycle II , from the Moderately Active category with an average value of 3.2 to the Active category with an average value of 4.1. Student learning achievement in the Indonesian language subject Class II semester II at SD Negeri 08 Sungai Raya for the 2019/2020 academic year has increased in each cycle with the percentage of classical completion in each cycle, namely cycle I at 70% and cycle II at 100%. % means there is an increase of 30%.
 ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia pada materi puisi melalui model pembelajaran picture and picture di kelas II SDN 08 Sungai Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa Kelas II SD Negeri 08 Sungai Raya Tahun Pelajaran Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 17 siswa dan terdiri atas 14 siswa laki-laki dan 3 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan hasil tes. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar para siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Puisi siswa Kelas II semester II SD Negeri 08 Sungai Raya Tahun Pelajaran Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 yang dapat dilihat dari peningkatan aktivitas belajar dari siklus I sampai dengan siklus II, dari kategori Cukup Aktif dengan nilai rata-rata 3,2 sampai dengan kategori Aktif dengan nilai rata-rata 4,1. Prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas II semester II di SD Negeri 08 Sungai Raya Tahun Pelajaran Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 mengalami peningkatan pada setiap siklus dengan persentase ketuntasan secara klasikal masing-masing siklus yaitu siklus I sebesar 70 % dan siklus II sebesar 100 % berarti ada kenaikan 30 %.","PeriodicalId":17956,"journal":{"name":"Language","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135245755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}