I. Rodríguez-Ibarra, R. M. Woo-García, I. Algredo-Badillo, F. López-Huerta
{"title":"Comparative of performance and delays between topologies cells 2T1C, 3T1C, and 4T2C for DRAM","authors":"I. Rodríguez-Ibarra, R. M. Woo-García, I. Algredo-Badillo, F. López-Huerta","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959332","url":null,"abstract":"The basic memory cell is a fundamental circuit in various applications of modern electronics. Today, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is one of the most relevant digital building blocks largely deployed as on-board cache memory in processors. In this work, at the design level in 180 nm technology, the different topologies for a DRAM cell are developed as 2T1C, 3T1C, and 4T2C. Evaluating its energy performance and delays during the writing and reading stages, through the figure of merit, the design and simulation of the DRAM topologies were carried out in the Tanner L-Edit IC CAD software platform.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127354902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor M. De la Fuente Garcia Peña, Genoveva Dominguez Sanchez, Cinthya Alejandra Sosa Villalobos, Rodolfo Alberto Roman Montano, Jorge Arturo Mendoza Sosa
{"title":"A Review: Biodigesters and their use for the generation of clean energy","authors":"Victor M. De la Fuente Garcia Peña, Genoveva Dominguez Sanchez, Cinthya Alejandra Sosa Villalobos, Rodolfo Alberto Roman Montano, Jorge Arturo Mendoza Sosa","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959169","url":null,"abstract":"Biogas is composed mostly of methane (CH4) and other type of gases, but its composition generally depends on the type of organic matter (biomass) used and the decomposition conditions inside the biodigester, being of great importance the methane gas, which is what gives biogas its fuel properties for use in industry.Depending on the presence of oxygen during this process inside the biodigester, this can be of 2 types: anaerobic and aerobic.A biodigester in its operation is very similar to the digestive system of an animal: organic matter enters, which is digested by bacteria, producing gases (biogas) and also producing a high value fertilizer (biofertilizer).The types of biodigesters most used in the agricultural industry are also called continuous, they are called like this because their feeding is constant, and they also use a daily production of biomass, the retention time of the waste in this biodigester is much less. For this reason, it can be said that the influent is equal to the effluent or digester discharge, and it is expected that for this reason the biogas production will be uniform over time. Normally these biodigesters have a large capacity, so it is necessary to use pumps to feed them and other equipment to provide heat and agitation.Biogas contains high concentrations of pollutants, they mainly are: Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and also traces of Siloxanes. This gas can be used directly for power generation, but the large amount of CO2 and H2S reduces its calorific power, but the purification makes it possible to diversify the use of biogas, using it to generate heat, electricity or as a fuel for vehicles.When the biogas in its chemical composition contains mostly CH4, it can be used in the generation of electrical energy in the following ways: using a Biogas/Otto engine, using microturbines or with fuel cells.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123548259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Diaz-Arango, A. F. Jaramillo-Alvarado, J. Huerta-Chua, J. R. Garcia-Baez, J. Hernández-Capistran, O. J. Velandia-Caballero, A. Diaz-Hernandez, H. Vázquez-Leal, V. Jiménez-Fernández, C. Gamino-Aparicio
{"title":"A Novel Obstacle Bitmap Formulation for Homotopic Path Planning Method Applied to Terrestrial Mobile Robot","authors":"G. Diaz-Arango, A. F. Jaramillo-Alvarado, J. Huerta-Chua, J. R. Garcia-Baez, J. Hernández-Capistran, O. J. Velandia-Caballero, A. Diaz-Hernandez, H. Vázquez-Leal, V. Jiménez-Fernández, C. Gamino-Aparicio","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959627","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new bitmap representation of configuration space compatible with the Homotopic Path Planning Method (HPPM) is presented. Bitmap methodology has been developed to extend the application field of the HPPM in discrete workspaces. In the proposed bitmap representation each obstacle is modeled in the configuration space as a semi-algebraic expression using the Smooth High Canonical Piecewise Linear (SHC-PWL) formulation. For HPPM a bitmap representation through semi-algebraic expressions implies the capability to solve complex environments with obstacles in continuous and discrete configuration spaces. Three numerical study cases are presented to show the potential applications of the proposed bitmap representation for applications in real autonomous mobile robots. Finally, some points and future work derived from the analysis of study cases are discussed.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114864518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtual Laboratory to Boost Education in Engineering","authors":"N. Castro-Gutiérrez, I. Diaz-Diaz, Eric Campos","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959107","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the pandemic, synchronous lectures have shifted to online mode using both synchronous and asynchronous scenarios. Educators and students have faced commitment, inclusion, and inequality difficulties. This paper proposes a virtual environment to motivate, improve and overcome educational issues in undergraduate engineering students’ performance in electromagnetism and to share resources between faculties. The characteristics of the proposed virtual environment and its assessment are described. Finally, we present a discussion and evaluation of the students’ impressions and opinions using the proposed method and virtual environment.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"347 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126677035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of potential and temperature differential for an ocean thermal energy conversion plant. Case study: Cozumel, Mexico","authors":"Emmanuel Mendoza Bernal, Dario Colorado Garrido, Gerardo Alcala Perea, Beatris A. Escobedo Trujillo","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959202","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean thermal conversion technology (OTEC) has become an important research topic for sustainable development due to the large energy resource contained in the ocean. A feasibility map is developed with the ideal location of an OTEC plant in Cozumel, Mexico. The largest temperature differential between the surface and the depth of the ocean (23.22 °C) was identified. The methodology used considers technical, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. The study area is bounded by 318, 614.4 km2 of the ocean surface. These results can be taken into account for the development of OTEC research in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117332014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An adaptation of FABRIK algorithm for serial robot’s inverse kinematics","authors":"L. Moreno, Josmell Henry Alva Alcántara","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959663","url":null,"abstract":"Forward And Backward Reaching Inverse Kinematics (FABRIK) is an avant-garde heuristic method characterized by its simplicity and speed of convergence, mainly used in the field of computer graphics that provides a solution to the inverse kinematics (IK) for kinematic chains, formed mainly by spherical joints. However, FABRIK still has limitations for applications in robotics because robots generally use one-dimensional joints. For this reason, this paper develops a method to solve the IK of manipulator robots based on FABRIK, taking into account the hinge, pivot and prismatic joints that make up the robot's kinematic chain, while keeping the joint values within their limits. Thus, the resulting method turned out to solve the IK of a hypothetical serial redundant manipulator of 10 degrees of freedom (DOF) using much fewer iterations and expending less time of execution to get the smallest root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the end-effector and the target in comparison with the Damped Least Squares (DLS) method.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129510619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Manuel Carmona Peña, Mireille Valencia Miranda, Luis Villaseñor-Pineda, Carlos Alberto Reyes García, Alina Santillán Guzmán
{"title":"EEG Signal-Based Eye Blink Classifier using Random Forest for BCI Systems","authors":"David Manuel Carmona Peña, Mireille Valencia Miranda, Luis Villaseñor-Pineda, Carlos Alberto Reyes García, Alina Santillán Guzmán","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959139","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present work is to perform a feature extraction and classification of three eye blinking scenarios: eyes open, eyes closed and voluntary blinks, to be later used in a BCI (Brain-Computer Interface). Electroencephalographic signals from 6 healthy subjects (3 men and 3 women) between 21 and 28 years have been recorded. The extracted features were the variance and the bandpower. The signals were analyzed with MATLAB’s help and then Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification methods from the Weka software were used. A comparison among the extracted features has been performed in order to observe which of them are better for classification. According to the results, the variance has an accuracy of 80.7%; bandpower, 33.3%; and a combination of both, 78.1%, by using the RF classifier.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133334577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of unsupervised learning techniques to DNA microarray databases: a comparative case study","authors":"Judith E. Gómez-Cuervo, A. Chavoya","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959173","url":null,"abstract":"We present the application of the unsupervised machine learning clustering techniques K-Means and Fuzzy C-Means to DNA microarray gene expression data from breast cancer tissues. The mathematical basis and the development of the algorithm of the techniques are shown, and the Expectation Maximization technique is presented as an alternative for the assignment of missing data. Results show that the best method for the clustering of the genetic expression data under study is the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127129267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hernández-Pérez, K. Pérez-Daniel, G. Delgado-Reyes, P. G. Ramírez, L. Morales-Layja
{"title":"Analysis and implementation of a car-type mobile robot for semi-planned trajectory tracking using hybrid control","authors":"M. Hernández-Pérez, K. Pérez-Daniel, G. Delgado-Reyes, P. G. Ramírez, L. Morales-Layja","doi":"10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEV56253.2022.9959329","url":null,"abstract":"The present research work carries out an analysis and implementation of a car-type mobile robot for monitoring planned and semi-planned trajectories through a hybrid control. As a first step, a mathematical model that describes the behavior of a car-type robot based on a differential robot is determined. In addition, numerical simulations are presented in an open-loop and later in a closed-loop using a classic control strategy to follow planned trajectories. Subsequently, in order to verify the simulations, the model, and the designed control strategies, the development and implementation of a SunFounder PiCar-V model car-type mobile robot prototype were carried out. The implementation has been done using the Raspbian operating system and the help of the Raspberry Pi 4 B microcomputer for remote interaction between the prototype and the personal computer. Finally, a camera is implemented as a sensor and a series of electromechanical couplings that help the mobile robot to have greater freedom, vision, and control over trajectory tracking. This adaptation allows obtaining a hybrid control by switching between classic closed-loop control and a visual control supported by the camera incorporated in the robot, thus allowing a greater autonomy of the PiCar-V to follow semi-planned trajectories.","PeriodicalId":178334,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Veracruz (ICEV)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117015430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}