Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"PRS2Net: an efficient intelligent carrot detection model via filter pruning and attention mechanisms.","authors":"Huayu Fu, Hongfei Zhu, Yifan Zhao, Hang Liu, Xuetong Zhai, Cong Wang, Yanshen Zhao, Limiao Deng, Zhongzhi Han","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carrots, rich in essential nutrients, play a crucial role in supporting human health. Current deep learning networks for carrot quality inspection are constrained by redundant parameters and high computational costs. To address these issues, this paper introduces a lightweight network, PRS2Net, based on ResNet18 selected after comparing four networks (GoogLeNet, MobileNet-v2, ResNet18, ResNet50). ResNet18 was pruned using first-order Taylor expansion to reduce redundancy and enhanced with an attention mechanism to focus on critical features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PRS2Net achieved high efficiency with learnable parameters reduced from 11 173 764 to 444 152, while maintaining 97.25% accuracy on the validation set. Training time was cut by about 53.15% compared to ResNet18, significantly speeding up carrot quality inspection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This approach enhances the speed and efficiency of carrot quality evaluation, offering a practical, resource-efficient solution for real-world applications in agriculture and food industries, potentially reducing operational costs and improving scalability for automated systems. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating 11S/7S ratios in lactic acid bacteria-fermented soy protein gels: effects on physicochemical properties and allergenicity.","authors":"Xiaocui Lu, Linjing Yao, Jie He, Haijun Wang, Wei Li, Xin Rui","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation induces acidic coagulation of soy proteins, primarily composed of β-conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S), which exhibit distinct gelation behaviors and allergenic potentials. However, the influence of varying 11S/7S ratios on gel formation kinetics and allergenicity modulation remains unclear. In the present study, we systematically investigated soy protein systems with controlled 11S/7S ratios (FSPI-7S, FSPI-0.5, FSPI-1.0, FSPI-2.0, FSPI-3.0, FSPI-4.0 and FSPI-11S for brevity) under fermentation pH gradients (7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5 and 5.0) to elucidate their synergistic effects on protein aggregation and immunoreactivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher 11S globulin content accelerated protein gelation, with FSPI-11S (100% 11S) gelling at 6 h, FSPI-2.0, FSPI-3.0 and FSPI-4.0 (11S/7S ratio > 1.0) at 8 h, and FSPI-7S, FSPI-0.5 and FSPI-1.0 (11S/7S ≤ 1.0) at 24 h of fermentation. Turbidity and particle size analyses at pH 5.0 confirmed that 11S/7S ratios > 1.0 promoted protein aggregation. Microscopic examination showed that these ratios (≥ 1.0) resulted in denser gel matrices with reduced void formation. Electrophoretic mobility studies revealed that, at pH 6.0, 11S/7S ratios > 3.0 enhanced protein migration and facilitated the incorporation of β-conglycinin subunits into the gel matrix, with preferential migration of basic subunits into the gel network during acid-induced gelation. At pH 6.0, antigenicity assessment revealed superior desensitization occurred when the 11S/7S ratios > 1.0, with FSPI-4.0 exhibiting the lowest antigenicity (6.50%) and FSPI-3.0 exhibiting the lowest immunoglobulin E binding capacity (12.16%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 11S/7S ratio critically governs soy protein gelation properties, where 11S/7S ratios > 1.0 accelerate gel formation, enhance aggregation, and improve matrix density. Superior antigenicity reduction occurs at pH 6.0 with 11S/7S ratios > 1.0. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perilla essential oil: a natural antimicrobial agent against Listeria monocytogenes.","authors":"Hai-Run Fan, Man Hao, Jie Yang, Gui-Jin Sun, Ying-Qiu Li, Chen-Ying Wang, Yan Liang","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Foodborne infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes are increasing. Chemical antimicrobials are the primary control measure in the food industry; however, prolonged use of these agents may pose health risks, highlighting the need for natural antimicrobial alternatives. Perilla essential oil (PEO) has shown potential as a natural antibacterial agent but its efficacy against L. monocytogenes remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to explore the antibacterial characteristics of PEO against L. monocytogenes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perilla essential oil was extracted from dried perilla leaves by hydrodistillation, with 50 compounds identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This essential oil exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) of 1/4 mg mL^-1. Observation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that bacteria treated with PEO were deformed and ruptured. Treatment with PEO increased bacterial surface hydrophobicity from 2.1% to 10.8% as the concentration rose from 0 to 4 mg mL^-1. Biofilm biomass decreased from 2.13 to 0.55 over the same concentration range. Perilla essential oil also disrupted the cell wall and membrane of L. monocytogenes, leading to higher leakage of nucleic acids and proteins in comparison with untreated cells. Gel electrophoresis confirmed that PEO reduced bacterial protein content. Furthermore, the respiratory-chain dehydrogenase of PEO-treated (1, 2, 4 mg mL^-1) L. moncytogenes decreased by 45.91%, 64.56% and 68.41%, respectively, compared to untreated bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that PEO exhibited good antibacterial effects, making it a potential natural antimicrobial agent for food contaminated with L. monocytogenes. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psyllium and its role in improving rheology and structural properties of aquafaba cakes.","authors":"Elif Gokcen Ates, Gökcem Tonyalı Karslı, Ozcan Dilara Ozcan, Emin Burçin Özvural, Mecit H Oztop","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The demand for vegan and gluten-free baked goods is increasing due to allergen concerns and plant-based diets. This study evaluates the formulation of a vegan, gluten-free cake using aquafaba powder as an egg replacer, psyllium powder as a binding agent, and rice flour as the primary structural ingredient. The performance of these ingredients was compared to egg-based controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aquafaba (0.5 and 1.0 g) and psyllium (0.1-0.5 g) levels were analyzed for their effects on batter properties and cake quality. Characterization included cake volume, baking loss, moisture content, water activity, rheology, and texture analysis. Intermediate psyllium levels resulted in the highest cake height and a uniform crumb structure, comparable to egg-based cakes. Increasing psyllium improved viscosity and stability, enhancing air retention during baking. Cakes with higher psyllium levels exhibited reduced baking loss and improved moisture retention. The combination of aquafaba and psyllium produced cakes with structural and textural properties similar to egg-based formulations, making them effective alternatives. However, excessive psyllium (0.4 and 0.5 g) led to a denser texture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psyllium powder, combined with aquafaba, serves as a viable egg alternative in vegan and gluten-free cakes, providing comparable structure, moisture retention, and texture. Optimizing psyllium levels is essential to achieving desirable cake properties. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and milk-derived osteopontin on male reproductive health in mice.","authors":"Chunyan Zhao, Guangqi Gao, Tao Zhang, Na Li, Yue Zhao, Zerong Lu, Yong Zhang, Zhihong Sun","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Male reproductive health is intricately linked to dietary components and gut microbiota balance. Osteopontin (OPN) deficiency and gut dysbiosis are associated with impaired spermatogenesis, yet the synergistic effects of probiotics and OPN remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In OPN-deficient mice, combined intervention with Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and OPN increased gut microbiota alpha diversity and upregulated key reproductive genes (Etv4, Adamts16, Prok2, Gpr55, Rad54b). Testicular histology revealed restored spermatogenic cell density and seminiferous tubule integrity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that co-administration of B8762 and OPN alleviates reproductive dysfunction via gut microbiota modulation and testicular gene regulation, offering a novel nutritional strategy for male fertility enhancement. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antagonistic activity of two yeasts against Penicillium expansum in stone fruits.","authors":"Paula Tejero, Alicia Rodríguez, Alberto Martín, Sandra Olmo, Alejandro Hernández","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsfa.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stone fruits are vulnerable to contamination by Penicillium expansum (PE), a patulin-producing mould. The use of yeasts as biocontrol agents could be an effective strategy to combat this pathogen. This study evaluated the ability of Metschnikowia pulcherrima L672 (L672) and Pichia kudriavzevii L40 (L40) as biocontrol strategies on peach (Romea), black plum (Black gold), nectarine (Nectavista), and flat peach (Flat Beauty), analysing their impact on incidence and severity of PE damage, patulin production and the expression of the idh gene, a key gene of the patulin biosynthetic pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that both yeasts reduced the incidence and severity of PE in the four stone fruit types studied, with a more pronounced effect observed for L672. This yeast reduced the presence of patulin in three of the stone fruits where patulin was produced by PE (nectarine, peach and black plum), while P. kudriavzevii L40 limited patulin production in peach by 90%. Regarding the study of the expression of the idh gene, L40 increased its expression compared to the control, although this effect varied among fruits. In contrast, L672 did not produce changes in gene expression in nectarines and black plums - fruits where patulin was not detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of the yeasts L672 and L40 as biocontrol agents was shown to be an effective strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of PE and patulin production in stone fruits, with a greater effect of L672 in most cases. Furthermore, differences were observed in the regulation of the idh gene, suggesting that the efficacy of biocontrol in this aspect depends on both the yeast used and the type of fruit. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conveying organic character with a label: the role of color in the packaging of organic yogurt.","authors":"Begoña Hernández, Paula Elso, Carlos Sáenz, María Remedios Marín-Arroyo","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This work evaluates the influence of label color in consumers' perception of 'organic' in plain organic yogurt. Five labels were specifically designed for this purpose, using recurring hues and images found in a preliminary study of the packaging of 86 organic yogurts in six European countries. Through online surveys, 124 Spanish respondents participated in an experiment structured in three parts: selection of terms that apply to each label to find out color subjective associations using check-all-that-apply (CATA) methodology, evaluation of purchase intent and ranking of the designs according to their closeness to the 'organic' concept.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Organic yogurt is regarded as healthy, homemade and a high-quality product. Green labels are viewed as the most 'organic', ranked in first place in all positive attributes and best rated in purchase intent. Among green labels, that with a green landscape conveys superior expectations of pleasant sensory experiences. Black and multicolored dotted labels are regarded as unconventional for this product and are less liked. A blue label is generally well considered, but respondents tend to place it in intermediate positions. Consumers' purchase intent coincides with the ranking according to their 'organic' character. Furthermore, purchase intent scores are accurately predicted by a strong linear relationship (R² = 0.9992) with the average citation frequency of positive CATA terms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For organic yogurt, label designs based on green colors, possibly containing evocative images, better express the idea of organic and its related positive attributes, enhancing consumers' expectations and purchase intent. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A seed-specific promoter from allergen gene Fag t 2 in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) and its responses to phytohormone.","authors":"Bei Zheng, Jiali Lu, Yuwei Zhang, Jingbo Zhang, Peng Chen","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsfa.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A major allergen Fag t 2 in Tartary buckwheat is abundant in grains and has the potential to improve drought and disease resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana, which led to the hypothesis that the promoter of Fag t 2 had the function of regulating seed-specific expression and responding to stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study successfully cloned the Fag t 2 promoter using genome walking. The functions of the Fag t 2 promoter were investigated through gene gun bombardment, GUS staining and activity detection. The findings revealed that full-length promoter acted as a seed-specific promoter. As seed-specific elements decrease, the seed expression specificity diminishes progressively. The full-length and truncated promoters exhibited differential responses to phytohormone. However, the responsiveness of promoters varied between the protoplast and A. thaliana, suggesting that the regulatory function of the Fag t 2 promoter in stable transformation system is more complicated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This results of the present study suggest that Fag t 2 promoter has potential as a seed-specific promoter, which can be used to activate the expression of functional genes at specific sites when aiming to improve crop yield and quality. The regulatory function of Fag t 2 promoter in plant stress resistance mediated by Fag t 2 should be explored in greater depth. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methyl jasmonate fumigation enhances crop yield and delays physiochemical quality changes by modulating the secondary metabolism in green bell pepper.","authors":"Alicia Dobón-Suárez, María J Giménez, Pedro J Zapata, María E García-Pastor","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The green bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), of the 'Lamuyo' type, is a highly valued vegetable owing to its excellent organoleptic and nutritional properties. However, these properties are subject to deterioration during postharvest storage, which in turn limits the shelf-life of the pepper fruit. The present study examined the impact of preharvest treatment with 0.1 and 1.0 mmol L^-1 methyl jasmonate (MeJA) administered via foliar spraying on crop yield and both physiochemical and functional fruit quality at harvest and throughout a 28-day postharvest storage period at 7 °C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study was conducted over two seasons (2020 and 2021) on green pepper fruit. The findings indicated that the application of MeJA had a favourable impact on crop yield in both growing seasons. Additionally, the treated peppers showed a 1.17-fold reduction in weight loss and respiration rate, accompanied by augmented firmness, hue angle values, total soluble solids and total acidity in comparison to the controls. Applying 0.1 mmol L^-1 MeJA was found to be the most effective way of maintaining quality at harvest and during postharvest storage over two consecutive seasons. Furthermore, MeJA treatments increased the levels of the antioxidant system by stimulating the activities of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase enzymes, as well as increasing the phenolic content and the total antioxidant activity. This could lead to an enhancement of the health benefits after the consumption of these treated peppers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates that the most efficacious concentration for enhancing yield and quality parameters by stimulating the secondary metabolism of peppers was 0.1 mmol L^-1, a finding that was corroborated in the second season of 2021. The effects of MeJA on green pepper fruit may have significant commercial implications, as it has the potential to enhance quality at harvest and maintain it during postharvest storage. This may result in a delay in the onset of quality losses and the oxidative stress associated with fruit senescence, thereby extending the shelf-life of the fruit after prolonged storage at optimal temperatures. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antihypertensive effects and mechanisms of wheat oligopeptides in spontaneously hypertensive rats.","authors":"Wenying Liu, Xinze Wang, Ganlu Meng, Chengjun Yang, Xinxue Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70135","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsfa.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a significant risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Wheat oligopeptides (WOPs), small peptide mixtures derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat protein, contain peptides of varying molecular weights. Although previous studies have shown that plant-derived protein peptides can lower blood pressure, systematic research on WOPs and their antihypertensive mechanisms remains relatively limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy of WOPs kDa and to investigate its mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that WOPs demonstrated potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, achieving a 77% inhibition rate at 2.5 mg·mL^-1, and that they induced marked reductions in diastolic (DBP), systolic (SBP), and mean arterial (MBP) blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). WOPs reduced oxidative stress-induced damage in the kidneys and myocardium of the SHR by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) signaling pathway. They also lowered serum levels of inflammatory factors in SHRs: tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), endothelin-1 (ET-1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and cluster of differentiation 62E (CD62E). WOPs also alleviated kidney and myocardial tissue damage caused by hypertension through the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway and regulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), ACE, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling proteins, thereby contributing to blood pressure regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WOPs demonstrated notable antihypertensive effects in vivo. These results may provide a theoretical basis for further investigation of the in vivo antihypertensive mechanisms of WOPs and support their potential use in pharmaceutical and functional food development. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}