Global Change Biology最新文献

{"title":"Trait-Mediated Competition for Light Underpins Plant Diversity Loss Under Eutrophication","authors":"Tianyuan Tan,&nbsp;Huamei Xia,&nbsp;Cong He,&nbsp;Yao Wei,&nbsp;Xiang Liu,&nbsp;Zhenhua Zhang,&nbsp;Jin-Sheng He,&nbsp;Lin Jiang","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70521","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eutrophication is a major driver of plant diversity loss, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In particular, the role of eutrophication-induced light limitation in regulating plant diversity in natural communities has rarely been examined directly. Here we show that experimental light addition to the understory of a natural alpine grassland consistently restored lost diversity under different nutrient enrichment regimes. Under nitrogen enrichment, light addition recovered diversity primarily by promoting species gains, whereas under phosphorus enrichment, it primarily reduced species losses. When both nitrogen and phosphorus were enriched, light addition simultaneously increased species gains and reduced losses. These effects were primarily driven by shifts in the colonization and extinction of species with resource-acquisitive strategies (i.e., those with high specific leaf area and low leaf dry matter content), emphasizing the critical role of trait-mediated competition for light in biodiversity loss. Our findings point to light competition as a key driver of eutrophication-induced plant diversity loss, suggesting that managing light availability could help mitigate these losses in natural ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wisent in the Walled Garden: European Bison Alternated Between Refuge and Recovery","authors":"John A. F. Wendt","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70508","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70508","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;European bison (&lt;i&gt;Bison bonasus&lt;/i&gt;) represent one of conservation's more complex challenges. As the largest terrestrial mammal to survive the Pleistocene–Holocene extinction in Europe, they persisted while the mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, and cave bear vanished. Their survival positioned them as a potential keystone in postglacial landscapes, yet their present ecological status and its implications for future conservation remain unsettled.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The “refugee species” concept offers one explanation: that bison today occupy forests not out of preference, but because they were displaced from open, grassy habitats by long-term environmental change and human pressure (Kerley et al. &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;). This model anticipates reduced fitness in suboptimal environments and proposes that bison's original ecological niche could be tested and restored through targeted reintroductions. The genetic and isotopic synthesis by Llamas et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) now provides a long-term test of this concept, based on the analysis of 135 mitochondrial genomes spanning 50,000 years across the Eurasian continent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Their analysis, including 75 newly sequenced specimens, reconstructs the spatial and ecological history of two European bison lineages (Bb1 and Bb2) and the extinct steppe bison (&lt;i&gt;Bison priscus&lt;/i&gt;). With isotopic evidence, Llamas et al. conclude that European bison remain preferentially adapted to open environments. The detailed view provided by Llamas et al. shows that bison responded dynamically to periods of constraint and release, suggesting a complex relationship between environmental change and population persistence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The extinction of steppe bison during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition (12–9 ka) meant the loss of a dominant grazer from Eurasian ecosystems. Meanwhile, European bison, smaller and partially hybridized with aurochs during the Last Interglacial (ca. 120 ka), faced expanding forests and intensifying human presence. Llamas et al. demonstrate that within &lt;i&gt;B. bonasus&lt;/i&gt;, the two lineages realized different fates: Bb1 tracked open habitats northward into Scandinavia before vanishing in the early Holocene; Bb2 initially persisted in southern regions, then expanded across central and eastern Europe by the mid–Holocene.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interestingly, this expansion of Bb2 coincides with the rise of Neolithic agriculture in Europe. At that time, practices like forest clearance, shifting cultivation, and extensive grazing had been reshaping landscapes into partly open mosaics of pasture, fallow, and scrub (Githumbi et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). The Neolithic transition across much of Europe is marked by a decline in the use of large wild herbivores by human populations, as domesticated livestock came to dominate faunal assemblages in early farming contexts. In southern Scandinavia, for instance, wild herbivore remains are nearly absent from Neolithic sites, apparently replaced by cattle and sheep whose isotopic signatures reflect grazin","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redistribution of Soil Phosphorus Fractions Alleviates Phosphorus Limitations Following Afforestation","authors":"Minghui Wu,&nbsp;Quanjie Xu,&nbsp;Jiao Feng,&nbsp;Xueyu Wang,&nbsp;Deping Zhai,&nbsp;Xiaoli Cheng","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70515","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Afforestation plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change, yet the transfer of soil phosphorus (P) to aboveground biomass may lead to soil P limitation. However, the influences of afforestation on soil P fractions and availability remain unclear. Here, we investigated soil P fractions at 144 paired sampling sites by comparing afforested lands with adjacent non-afforested lands in subtropical China. Afforestation increased the proportions of available P, labile P, and moderately-labile P, while decreasing inorganic P concentrations, with no significant effect on soil total P. These shifts were strongly coupled with the increase in organic P and the decline in stable P. Notably, afforestation with broad-leaved species (i.e., <i>Quercus variabilis</i>) increased soil organic P concentration, while afforestation with coniferous species (i.e., <i>Pinus massoniana</i> and <i>Platycladus orientalis</i>) reduced soil inorganic P concentration. Afforestation weakened the effects of soil microclimates on labile P fractions (e.g., decreased with moisture) in non-afforested soil. In contrast, plant nutrients (e.g., leaf P concentration) exhibited positive effects on inorganic P fractions in afforested soils. Soil iron oxides (Fe_o) were the primary cause of P variations in both afforested and non-afforested soils; particularly, lower Fe_o and soil pH under afforested lands likely promoted the desorption of more non-stable P fractions compared to the non-afforested soils. Overall, our findings suggest that afforestation may alleviate soil P limitation by enhancing the concentration of labile and moderately-labile P fractions, while soil inorganic P fractions are crucial for regulating soil P dynamics, thereby providing insights for optimizing afforestation practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differing Impacts of Livestock Farming and Ranching on Aquatic Insect Biodiversity: A Global Meta-Analysis","authors":"Lindsey A. Barnes,&nbsp;Emily Wenban-Smith,&nbsp;Grace Skinner,&nbsp;Lynn V. Dicks,&nbsp;Joseph Millard,&nbsp;Andrew J. Bladon","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70513","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent studies examining global insect biodiversity trends have shown declines for many terrestrial species but increases in some aquatic species, albeit with limited spatial coverage. However, the impact of a wide range of threats on insect biodiversity remains uncertain at a global scale. Livestock farming and ranching constitute approximately 30% of global land use and represent a major and growing threat to biodiversity. Although we know livestock farming and ranching affect aquatic macroinvertebrates via degradation of water quality and habitat, there are no global syntheses of the impacts of livestock on the biodiversity of aquatic insects. Here, we investigate the impact of livestock farming and ranching on the abundance and richness of five major aquatic insect orders: Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies), Trichoptera (caddisflies), Megaloptera (dobsonflies and alderflies), and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). Our meta-analysis shows that livestock farming significantly reduces species richness of Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, and Plecoptera compared to areas with no livestock present. In contrast, we found no overall impact of livestock farming on the abundance of aquatic insects or individual orders, even after accounting for moderators such as livestock type, riparian vegetation presence, and stocking density. The apparent stability in insect abundance, combined with declines in richness, suggests there may be shifts in community composition that cannot be captured with a broad-scale analysis. Further research is needed at finer taxonomic resolution, coupled with increased reporting of quantitative stocking density and livestock water access, to better understand the apparently heterogeneous effects of livestock on aquatic insects and predict the impacts of further spread and intensification of livestock farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapted Yet at Risk: The Paradox of Thermotolerant Species in a Warming World","authors":"Susana Pallarés,&nbsp;Stefano Mammola,&nbsp;David Sánchez-Fernández","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70500","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Assessing the persistence capacity of poor-dispersal species under climate change requires integrating knowledge of both physiological sensitivity (e.g., thermal tolerance metrics) and projected climatic exposure. While warm-adapted species in climatically buffered habitats could persist longer, and heat-sensitive species in rapidly warming regions might face higher extinction risk, such a simplistic dichotomy of “winners” and “losers” often fails to reflect the complexity of real-world systems. Drawing on recent literature on ectotherm thermal tolerance, we argue here that thermotolerant species generally inhabit regions with historically high thermal variability, where intense climatic shifts are often projected. This leads to a paradox where heat-tolerant species are experiencing similar or even higher climate stress than heat-sensitive ones. In addition, multiple methodological challenges in estimating thermal limits, accounting for behavioral, physiological, and evolutionary capacities, and predicting exposure to novel climatic conditions complicate assessments of persistence capacity. We advocate for a shift toward more mechanistic methodological frameworks for assessing thermal tolerance, and for the incorporation of climatic variability at biologically relevant spatial and temporal scales, thereby enabling more accurate forecasts of species' responses to climate change. Such a refined approach is essential to inform effective climate-adaptive biodiversity conservation strategies, especially for taxa with limited capacity to track shifting climates.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late 21st-Century Climate and Land Use Driven Loss of Plant Diversity in African Mountains","authors":"João de Deus Vidal Junior,&nbsp;Alexandre Antonelli,&nbsp;Clinton Carbutt,&nbsp;Vincent Ralph Clark,&nbsp;Tobias Fremout,&nbsp;Christopher Chapano,&nbsp;Inês Chelene,&nbsp;David Chuba,&nbsp;Tadesse Woldemariam Gole,&nbsp;Clayton Langa,&nbsp;Benoit Loeuille,&nbsp;Ermias Lulekal Molla,&nbsp;Timothy Richard Pearce,&nbsp;Andrew J. Plumptre,&nbsp;Feyera Senbeta,&nbsp;Carolina Tovar,&nbsp;Joseph Douglas Mandla White,&nbsp;Christine Brigitte Schmitt","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70492","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the 1.5°C–5°C increase in global temperature projected for this century, many plant species are expected to shift their distribution ranges to track their environmental requirements. Across several mountain regions, responses to climate change like upslope shifts may result in accelerated rates of species turnover, species richness increases in upper montane belts, and amplified habitat losses. Yet, evidence of how such processes may influence plant diversity in Africa is still scarce. Here, using a species distribution modeling approach, we quantify and map how different scenarios of climatic and land-use changes may affect plant species ranges in African mountains. Using individually tuned models and dispersal buffers, we compared distribution losses and potential expansion through dispersal across 607 vascular plant species under three shared socioeconomic pathways for the end of the century. Our projections indicate that keeping warming under 2°C until 2100 under a sustainability scenario (SSP1.26), almost half (49.3%) of the species would experience a contraction in suitable areas, compared to 71%–75.6% in case these targets are not met (SSP3.70 and SSP5.85). Among these losses, mean contractions between 19% and 50.4% are predicted depending on the scenario. We project rates of upslope shifts that may be up to three times higher than the global calculated average. Contractions will be higher for species occurring at upper elevations, and trees and shrubs will show lower declines. Our findings align with previously reported trends of upslope shifts of species distributions but suggest that accelerated rates of change may limit the capacity of some species to track their niche based solely on their natural dispersal capacity. This implies that further efforts to improve habitat connectivity, restoration, and assisted migration may be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Cambial Phenology Reveals Diverging Growth Responses of Two Tree Species in a Mixed Forest Under Climate Change","authors":"David Almagro,&nbsp;Darío Martin-Benito,&nbsp;Sergio Rossi,&nbsp;María Conde,&nbsp;Laura Fernández-de-Uña,&nbsp;Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70503","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The net effect of stress induced by climate change on forest functional dynamics remains uncertain. We monitored the dynamics of wood formation and cambial phenology for 11 consecutive years in two co-occurring tree species with different drought tolerance, <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> and <i>Quercus pyrenaica</i>, providing a unique long-term xylogenesis dataset (2012–2022). To assess the influence of climate on cambial and xylem developmental phases, we analyzed biologically meaningful climatic covariates across different time windows. In pine, late-winter temperatures strongly regulated the onset of cambial reactivation, advancing it 5.5 days per°C of warming, with reactivation occurring between early April and mid-May depending on winter thermal conditions. The onset of cambial reactivation in oaks was influenced both by soil water content and late-winter temperature, although the effect of temperature was weaker and restricted to a narrower time window than in pines. The effect of climate on the end of enlargement was nearly identical in both species, consistent with a turgor-driven regulation: higher maximum temperatures accelerated the process, whereas late-spring precipitation in late spring delayed it. In oaks and pines, the end of wood formation was advanced under hot and dry summers, inducing the early cessation of secondary wall lignification and, thus, reducing the length of xylogenesis. Despite the positive effect of warmer winters on earlier cambial resumption in pines, the duration of the enlargement phase (i.e., radial growth period) remained consistently shorter than in the more drought-tolerant oaks. Yet, the high phenological pasticity of pines to winter temperatures may also increase their growth duration, thereby partially buffering the negative effects of hotter droughts. The long dataset analyzed provided a robust assessment of species-specific phenological plasticity under climate change. Disentangling the net effect of climate on xylogenesis is crucial to understand future growth dynamics in mixed forests where more drought-tolerant species are becoming increasingly dominant.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Drivers of Echolocating Mammal Species Richness","authors":"Juncheng Li,&nbsp;Nan Wu,&nbsp;Jie Wang,&nbsp;Jinyu Guo,&nbsp;Chris Newman,&nbsp;Qian Qian,&nbsp;Christina D. Buesching,&nbsp;David W. Macdonald,&nbsp;Youbing Zhou","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70522","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Echolocation provides a non-visual perception modality. The extensive diversity of echolocating mammal species is widely distributed across most global regions and latitudes, yet the factors determining their distribution remain unclear. Using Bayesian inference and dimensionality reduction analysis, here we established that mean annual temperature was the most important factor driving the richness of terrestrial echolocating mammal species, while net primary productivity drove non-echolocating mammal species richness. In contrast, in aquatic habitats, species richness for both echolocating and non-echolocating mammals was determined by mean annual sea surface temperature but, interestingly, operated in opposing directions. Further analysis revealed that the species richness pattern for all echolocating mammals was strongly affected by climatic isolation. While global species richness drivers were broadly consistent with biogeographical regions, there were also several regional exceptions. Our findings have important applications for targeting the conservation of echolocators subject to human-induced rapid environmental change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mechanisms Through Which Fire Drives Population Change in Terrestrial Biota","authors":"Ella Plumanns-Pouton,&nbsp;Julianna L. Santos,&nbsp;Cristina Aponte,&nbsp;Lluís Brotons,&nbsp;Luke T. Kelly,&nbsp;Stephen C. Mason Jr.,&nbsp;Kirsten Parris,&nbsp;Lauren Ponisio,&nbsp;David A. Keith","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70479","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global fire regime change is threatening terrestrial biodiversity. Understanding how these changes affect biota is essential to protect biodiversity now and into the future. A targeted examination of the mechanisms through which fire influences populations will help achieve this by enabling comparisons and connections across taxa. Here, we develop a cross-taxa framework that identifies mechanisms through which fire regimes influence terrestrial species populations over different time scales, and traits on which those mechanisms depend. We focus on amphibians, birds, fungi, insects, mammals, plants, and reptiles. First, we identify key mechanisms through which fire regimes influence species populations across different taxonomic groups. Second, we link these mechanisms to functional traits that influence the relevance to different species. Third, we identify traits that shape the vulnerability—or conversely, resilience—of species populations to frequent, high-intensity, and large wildfires that are emerging as a threat in many parts of the world. Finally, we highlight how this integrative framework can be useful for understanding and identifying fire-related threats common to different taxa across the globe and for guiding future research on fire-related population change.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Rock Weathering Promotes Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation: A Global Meta-Analysis Based on Experimental Evidence","authors":"Tongtong Xu,&nbsp;Huiwen Li,&nbsp;Sara Vicca,&nbsp;Daniel S. Goll,&nbsp;David J. Beerling,&nbsp;Qiong Chen,&nbsp;Boyuan Bi,&nbsp;Zhichun Yang,&nbsp;Xing Wang,&nbsp;Zuoqiang Yuan","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70483","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) has emerged as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy with the potential to modulate soil carbon sequestration, yet empirical assessments of its impacts remain limited. Here, we address this knowledge gap through a global meta-analysis synthesizing 74 publications. Synthesized results from field experiments showed that crushed rock amendment increased soil organic carbon (SOC), mineral-associated organic carbon, and particulate organic carbon by an average of up to 3.8%, 6.1%, and 7.5%, respectively, with no significant impact on dissolved organic carbon and soil inorganic carbon. SOC accrual was driven by elevated soil exchangeable Ca, increased microbial biomass, and improved soil structure, with local climate regulating these responses. Machine learning simulations of global croplands revealed pronounced site dependency in ERW impacts on SOC, which was positive in low-latitude (warm and humid) regions (40° N–30° S) but negative in high-latitude (cold and dry) regions. Additionally, the effects of ERW on SOC are dose- and duration-dependent. Our simulations indicated that application amounts of 50–500 g m⁻² are optimal for maximizing SOC sequestration, with positive effects diminishing and negative impacts intensifying beyond this range. This empirical synthesis confirms the efficacy of ERW—particularly when Ca-rich silicate rocks in—promoting SOC sequestration and long-term CO₂ sequestration. Maximizing the CDR potential of ERW requires integrating site-specific climatic and edaphic characteristics with optimized application amounts and duration. Our findings provide insights critical for balancing the costs and benefits of rock weathering for CDR and highlight the importance of ERW as a sustainable strategy for soil carbon management and climate change mitigation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}