Global Change Biology最新文献

{"title":"Altered Phenotypic Responses of Asexual Arctic Daphnia After 10 Years of Rapid Climate Change","authors":"Athina Karapli-Petritsopoulou,&nbsp;Jasmin Josephine Heckelmann,&nbsp;Dörthe Becker,&nbsp;N. John Anderson,&nbsp;Dagmar Frisch","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the fates of organisms and ecosystems under global change requires consideration of the organisms' rapid adaptation potential. In the Arctic, the recent temperature increase strongly impacts freshwater ecosystems which are important sentinels for climate change. However, a mechanistic understanding of the adaptive capacity of their key zooplankton grazers, among them polyploid, obligate parthenogenetic <i>Daphnia</i>, is lacking. Theory suggests low adaptation potential of asexual animals, yet examples exist of asexuals persisting through marked environmental changes. Here, we studied asexual <i>Daphnia pulicaria</i> from a meromictic lake in South-West Greenland. Its oxycline hosts purple sulfur bacteria (PSB), a potential food source for <i>Daphnia</i>. We tested two key phenotypic traits: (1) thermal tolerance as a response to rapid regional warming and (2) hypoxia tolerance tied to grazing of PSB in the hypoxic/anoxic transition zone. To assess <i>Daphnia</i>'s adaptive capacity, we resurrected <i>Daphnia</i> from dormant eggs representing a historical subpopulation from 2011, sampled modern subpopulation representatives in 2022, and measured phenotypic variation of thermal (time to immobilization—<i>T</i>_imm) and hypoxia tolerance (respiration rate and critical oxygen limit—<i>P</i>_crit) in clonal lineages of both subpopulations. Whole genome sequencing of the tested clonal lineages identified three closely related genetic clusters, one with clones from both subpopulations and two unique to each subpopulation. We observed significantly lower <i>T</i>_imm and a trend for higher <i>P</i>_crit and respiration rates in the modern subpopulation, indicating a lower tolerance to both high temperature and hypoxia in comparison with the historical subpopulation. As these two traits share common physiological mechanisms, the observed phenotypic divergence might be driven by a relaxed selection pressure on hypoxia tolerance linked to variation in PSB abundance. Our results, while contrary to our expectation of higher thermal tolerance in the modern subpopulation, provide evidence for phenotypic change within a decade in this asexual <i>Daphnia</i> population.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Activities Reshape Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Inland Waters","authors":"Shaoda Liu,&nbsp;Junfeng Wang,&nbsp;Wenhao Xu,&nbsp;Peijia Zhang,&nbsp;Sibo Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Zhuangzhuang Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Huang,&nbsp;Wenxiu Zheng,&nbsp;Xinghui Xia","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inland waters are significant sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in an increasingly human-dominated world, yet the mechanisms by which human activities reshape GHG emissions from these systems remain poorly understood. Here, we synthesized research from three human-dominated landscapes—agricultural, urban, and impounded river systems—to demonstrate that inland waters within these systems exhibit significantly higher GHG emissions compared to their natural or seminatural counterparts. This is particularly evident for CH₄ and N₂O emissions, which show median enhancement ratios of 2.0–10 and 2.4–13 across the systems, respectively. In contrast, CO₂ emissions exhibit overall lower enhancement (median enhancement ratios of &lt; 2.0–3.1), largely due to simultaneously increased photosynthetic uptake from aquatic eutrophication. These observations underscore a clear human footprint on aquatic GHG emissions and the underlying biogeochemical processes. The observed changes in GHG emissions are driven by increased inputs of sediments, carbon, and nutrients from human-disturbed landscapes, coupled with the expansion of aquatic anoxia resulting from increased aquatic metabolism, fine sediment deposition, and eutrophication. Beyond altering emission rates, human activities also modify the abundance and distribution of inland waters, potentially exerting substantial, yet unquantified, effects on landscape-scale GHG emissions. We highlight the importance of understanding these processes for accurately quantifying and mitigating the human footprint on aquatic GHG emissions. Future research and mitigation efforts should account for the variability and mechanisms discussed in this review to effectively address human-induced GHG emissions from inland waters.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Are the Limits to the Growth of Boreal Fires?","authors":"Thomas A. J. Janssen,&nbsp;Sander Veraverbeke","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Boreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record-breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops—defined as 300 m unburned pixels along fire perimeters—across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire-weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers—such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads—were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Critical Drought Thresholds of Terrestrial Carbon Sink–Source Transition","authors":"Wenwen Guo,&nbsp;Shengzhi Huang,&nbsp;Laibao Liu,&nbsp;Guoyong Leng,&nbsp;Qiang Huang,&nbsp;Deliang Chen,&nbsp;Jianfeng Li,&nbsp;Pei Li,&nbsp;Yiting Wang,&nbsp;Xueying Zhu,&nbsp;Jian Peng","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drought is considered a major contributor to carbon sink fluctuations in terrestrial ecosystems and is expected to lead to more frequent carbon sink–source transitions under future climate change. The drought threshold for carbon sink–source transition reflects the critical inflection point at which the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation is affected by water deficit. However, the spatiotemporal patterns of the global drought threshold and their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we use three independent datasets from vegetation dynamics models, inversion modeling, and observational data to map and explore the drought thresholds expressed by the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) during the growing season over the past four decades. Sink–source transition is indicated by changes of sign for net ecosystem productivity (NEP). The drought thresholds were identified across 66.3% of global land, with an average threshold of −1.08 ± 0.68. Regions with lower thresholds are primarily located in the Northern Hemisphere at middle and high latitudes, whereas Australia, Africa, western South America, and southern North America exhibit higher thresholds. The dominant factor influencing the spatial pattern of drought thresholds is potential evapotranspiration. Our dynamic results show that 36.4% of the thresholds increased, while 55.8% decreased. We found that disproportionate decreases in photosynthesis and respiration caused by drought in South America led to decreased thresholds and increased drought resilience in this region. Under conditions of reduced soil moisture, lower radiation, increased vapor pressure deficit, and enhanced heatwave intensity, drought in North America had a greater effect on reducing photosynthesis than it did on respiration. This resulted in an increasing threshold trend, where even relatively low levels of drought can induce a carbon sink–source transition. In addition, CO₂ fertilization plays a major role in reducing thresholds and mitigating climate change. Our findings emphasize that the risk of carbon sink–source transition is more acute in regions with rising thresholds. This implies that the stability of ecosystem carbon sequestration in these regions may decrease under persistent water stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine Heatwaves and Iceberg Melting in Polar Areas Intensify Phytoplankton Blooms","authors":"Hao Liu,&nbsp;Xiangang Hu,&nbsp;Anning Wang,&nbsp;Jiawei Li,&nbsp;Peng Deng,&nbsp;Xu Dong","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change has led to increases in the intensity and frequency of marine heatwaves (MHWs). However, the impact of MHWs on phytoplankton at the global scale remains unclear. The metaheuristic superlearner proposed in this research indicates that the occurrence of MHWs weakens the Fe limitation of phytoplankton growth, leading to intensified phytoplankton blooms. The shock transmission effect analysis further reveals the interactions among sea surface temperature (SST), iceberg melting, Fe, ammonium (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NH</mi>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {mathrm{NH}}_4^{+} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) and nitrate (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NO</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {mathrm{NO}}_3^{-} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>); namely, the occurrence of MHWs in polar regions has led to iceberg melting, triggering a derivative shock of iceberg melting. Compared with a single MHWs event, the dual shock disrupted the effects of Fe, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NH</mi>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {mathrm{NH}}_4^{+} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>NO</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {mathrm{NO}}_3^{-} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> on limiting the growth of phytoplankton, resulting in a 54.90% increase in the growth rate of phytoplankton and leading to the massive reproduction of phytoplankton in polar regions. In addition, compared with that in the low-emission scenario (SSP126), the coverage area of globally fragile marine regions with respect to intensified phytoplankton blooms will increase by 5.84% under the medium-emission scenario (SSP245) and by 9.29% under the high-emission scenario (SSP585). Specifically, the Global South and developing Pacific island countries are fragile regions that need scientific (marine protected area guidance) and financial (such as a foundation for marine protection) assistance to resist the increasing intensity and expansion of phytoplankton blooms under climate change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Regulates Net Carbon Uptake in Coastal Ecosystems?","authors":"Elise Pendall","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70127","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Coastal ecosystems are hotspots of biological activity and carbon storage, accounting for a disproportionately high level of carbon burial relative to their land area. However, they are undergoing rapid land-use change due to increasing population pressure, with about 1 billion people living within 10 km of the coast globally in 2018 (Cosby et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). When coastal wetlands are converted to croplands, they can switch from CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sinks to sources owing to factors like increased decomposition of soil carbon by microbes (Tan et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Moreover, coastal regions are vulnerable to threats from climate change such as flooding, saltwater intrusion, and erosion. These ecosystems have been understudied in comparison to their social and ecological significance, increasing the relevance of the recent work by Wei et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Wei et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;), the authors studied interannual and spatial variations in net carbon uptake using eddy covariance technology for more than 10 years in native tidal salt marsh, non-tidal reed marsh, and cotton-dominated cropland. On average, all three sites were annual net C sinks during the study period, indicating their importance for long-term C sequestration. In order to understand the biological factors controlling the uptake, they applied a novel approach that distinguished physiology (i.e., rates of photosynthesis and respiration) from phenology (i.e., timing and duration of the growing season) (Fu et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Interannual variations in C uptake in cropland were primarily regulated by the length of the growing season, which was in turn limited by precipitation. In the reedy non-tidal marsh, the maximum C uptake rate was the dominant indicator, and this rate was reduced during wet summers with periodic flooding. In contrast, the annual C uptake in the tidal wetland was controlled by the maximum C loss rate, which increased in years with warmer spring conditions (Wei et al. &lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;). Despite the close proximity of the three sites, the vulnerability of C uptake was regulated by different climate conditions with disparate underlying biological mechanisms. Clearly, vegetation and land management need to be accounted for when upscaling C storage rates from individual sites.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors addressed concerns that their site-level results might be idiosyncratic or non-representative by analyzing publicly available carbon flux data from similar global ecosystems (Pastorello et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). This global analysis validated their results and demonstrated that the method of determining the biological indicators was robust across numerous sites. Their new insights into biological regulation can be used to improve global carbon cycle models and can be further improved by applying sensitivity analyses to assess the relative importance of seasonality, photosynthesis, and respiration rates across other vegetation types.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Never","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of DOM Chemodiversity on Microbial Diversity in Forest Soils on a Continental Scale","authors":"Jian Wang,&nbsp;Lingrui Qu,&nbsp;Helena Osterholz,&nbsp;Yulin Qi,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Zeng,&nbsp;Edith Bai,&nbsp;Chao Wang","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70131","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a critical reservoir of carbon and nutrients in forest ecosystems, playing a central role in carbon cycling and microbial community dynamics. However, the influence of DOM molecular-level diversity (chemodiversity) on microbial community diversity and spatial distribution remains poorly understood. In this study, we used Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and high-throughput sequencing to analyze soil DOM and microbial diversity along a ~4,000 km forest transect in China. We found that soil DOM chemodiversity varies significantly across sites, initially increasing and then decreasing with latitude. Additionally, we observed that the biogeographic distribution of DOM components has differential effects on bacterial and fungal diversity: lipid-like compounds are strongly associated with bacterial diversity, while aromatic-, carbohydrate-, and lipid-like compounds primarily influence fungal diversity. Linear models and structural equation modeling both reveal that DOM acts as a key intermediary, mediating the effects of temperature and soil properties on microbial spatial distribution. Our findings emphasize the importance of DOM molecular characteristics in shaping microbial community structure and functioning, providing new insights into how environmental factors influence microbial ecosystems and soil carbon cycles in forest ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular Plant Extinction in Macaronesia: Biogeographical and Biological Drivers of Loss","authors":"Giulia Albani Rocchetti","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70128","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Global extinction rates have accelerated due to increasing anthropogenic pressures (Pimm et al. &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;), with plant species facing particularly high risks. Current estimates suggest that approximately 39% of plant species are at risk of extinction (Nic Lughadha et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;), with habitat destruction, climate change, biological invasions, and pollution contributing significantly to the decline of plant diversity. One critical but often overlooked aspect of extinction dynamics is dark extinction, which refers to the loss of species before they are scientifically recognized, leading to an underestimation of biodiversity loss (Boehm and Cronk &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Understanding dark extinction is crucial, as it can provide insights into silent biodiversity erosion occurring at local and global scales. In this scenario, research studies on plant biodiversity loss that focus on pre-Linnean (dating to times before the modern classification of species) and post-Linnean literature, alternative sources of data (e.g., herbarium and carpological collections) and ecological and genetic plant dynamics are needed to fully understand how biodiversity has changed over the centuries, what role the human species has played, and what policies should be adopted to improve the conservation of biodiversity as a whole (specific, ecological and genetic).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Concerning extinction, another significant form is local extinction, which involves the disappearance of plant populations within specific areas while the species persists elsewhere. This type of extinction is particularly alarming as it results in the loss of ecological functions, alters species interactions, and reduces genetic diversity (Sax and Gaines &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;). Consequently, like a stone thrown into the water, the concentric wave of local extinction widens, threatening ecosystem resilience and the ability of natural communities to recover from environmental disturbances (Donaldson et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). In this metaphorical wave motion, islands are among the most vulnerable ecosystems to extinction events due to their isolated nature, high endemism, and susceptibility to invasive species (Fernández-Palacios et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In addition to extrinsic environmental conditions, these trends are strongly interlinked with certain plant biological traits which were found to correlate with higher extinction probabilities (Gray &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Species with specialized ecological requirements, such as those reliant on particular pollinators or seed dispersers, face increased extinction risk when their mutualistic partners decline. Plants with low reproductive rates and slow growth struggle to recover from population losses, making them particularly vulnerable in rapidly changing environments. Additionally, limited dispersal ability restricts a species' capacity to colonize new habitats, further increasing susceptibility to habitat fragmentation and environmental ","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143608705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Nutrient Additions Homogenize Multidimensional Plant Stoichiometry in a Meadow Steppe","authors":"Yang Peng,&nbsp;Jian-Xia Yang,&nbsp;Eric W. Seabloom,&nbsp;Jordi Sardans,&nbsp;Josep Peñuelas,&nbsp;Hai-Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Cun-Zheng Wei,&nbsp;Xing-Guo Han","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human activities are altering terrestrial ecosystem biogeochemistry globally by augmenting the availability of multiple biologically essential nutrients, thereby potentially altering plant internal concentrations (i.e., stoichiometry) across a diverse array of elements. These shifts in plant nutrient concentrations may subsequently impact crucial ecosystem processes, including litter decomposition, herbivory by insects and large animals, and ecosystem productivity. However, most work on the alteration of plant stoichiometry has focused on a few macronutrients (e.g., nitrogen or phosphorus), despite the potential importance of many other elements. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive field experiment in the Inner Mongolia Steppe, manipulating eight distinct nutrients to examine their effects on both soil and plant tissue concentrations. Our findings reveal that adding most nutrients increased their corresponding available contents in the soil. In most cases, the addition of nutrients also increased their corresponding concentrations in plant tissues at both species and community levels. Besides, multiple nutrient additions had greater effects on soil available nutrient contents than on plant internal nutrient concentrations. Notably, the concurrent addition of multiple nutrients led to a significant homogenization of plant stoichiometry among different species within the same community. This homogenization might influence interspecific interactions and coexistence within grassland ecosystems. Our findings advanced our comprehension of how anthropogenic nutrient enrichment may simplify plant nutrient profiles, thereby influencing grassland biodiversity and ecosystem functionality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergent Relationships Between the Functional Diversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods and Ecosystem Functioning in the Global Ocean","authors":"Fabio Benedetti,&nbsp;Jonas Wydler,&nbsp;Corentin Clerc,&nbsp;Nielja Knecht,&nbsp;Meike Vogt","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Copepods are a major group of the mesozooplankton and thus a key part of marine ecosystems worldwide. Their fitness and life strategies are determined by their functional traits which allow different species to exploit various ecological niches. The range of functional traits expressed in a community defines its functional diversity (FD), which can be used to investigate how communities utilize resources and shape ecosystem processes. However, the spatial patterns of copepod FD and their relation to ecosystem functioning remain poorly understood on a global scale. Here, we use estimates of copepod community composition derived from species distribution models in combination with functional traits and indicators of ecosystem functioning to investigate the distribution of multiple facets of copepod FD, their relationships with species richness and ecosystem processes. We also project how anthropogenic climate change will impact the facets of copepod FD. We find that the facets of FD respond to species richness with variable strength and directions: functional richness, divergence, and dispersion increase with species richness whereas functional evenness and trait dissimilarity decrease. We find that primary production, mesozooplankton biomass and carbon export efficiency decrease with species richness, functional richness, divergence and dispersion. This suggests that ecosystem functioning may be disproportionally influenced by the traits of a few dominant species in line with the mass ratio hypothesis. Furthermore, climate change is projected to promote trait homogenization globally, which may decrease mesozooplankton biomass and carbon export efficiency globally. The emergent covariance patterns between copepod FD and ecosystem functions we find here strongly call for better integrating FD measurements into field studies and across scales to understand the effects of changing zooplankton biodiversity on marine ecosystem functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}