Global Change Biology最新文献

{"title":"Loss of P Fertilizer Effectiveness in Raising Soil P Availability in a Grazed Grassland Enriched With CO2 for 24 Years","authors":"Zac Beechey-Gradwell,&nbsp;Alec Mackay,&nbsp;Leo Condron,&nbsp;Saman Bowatte,&nbsp;Florencia De Lucca Agrelo,&nbsp;Shona Brock,&nbsp;Danica Thompson,&nbsp;Phil Theobald,&nbsp;Mark Lieffering,&nbsp;Shengjing Shi,&nbsp;Laura Villamizar,&nbsp;Paul Newton","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phosphorus (P) is a finite resource and an essential macronutrient for plant growth. The importance of low soil P availability in constraining plant biomass responses to elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) is increasingly recognized. P fertilization could alleviate these constraints, but biogeochemical feedbacks under eCO₂ may diminish the effectiveness of P fertilizer in raising soil P availability. Here, we present data from a botanically diverse grazed pasture enriched with CO₂ (+84–111 ppm) and supplied with P fertilizer (1.5 g P m⁻² year⁻¹) for approximately 24 years, showing (1) a sustained 27% reduction in topsoil Olsen P under eCO₂ prior to annual fertilizer application, and (2) an approximate halving of the short-term (approximately 4 months) effectiveness of P fertilizer in raising Olsen P by 1 unit under eCO₂. Similar results occurred with the Bray-1 soil P test. These effects soon disappeared after CO₂ enrichment stopped. Accumulation of moderately labile organic P in the eCO₂ topsoil shortly after fertilization indicated rapid biological immobilization of newly applied P occurring under eCO₂. Alternative P loss mechanisms under eCO₂, including inorganic P depletion due to increased pasture growth, increased P offtake versus return through the plant→animal→dung pathway, or P movement down the soil profile, were not supported by the available evidence. Despite this, pasture P concentration and uptake were similar under eCO₂ and ambient CO₂, and the biomass of the P-sensitive legume <i>Trifolium repens</i> was often greater under eCO₂. Thus, either the fertilizer regime was sufficient to maintain a non-limiting pasture P status, or integrated plant–soil biological adjustments under eCO₂ compensated for reduced P availability. If compensatory mechanisms play a greater role in supporting crop P nutrition under eCO₂ but are neglected by routine soil P availability tests focused on inorganic P, overapplication of P fertilizers will occur as CO₂ levels continue to rise.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Feedback on Climate Warming by Stream Microbial Decomposers Indicated by a Global Space-For-Time Substitution Study","authors":"Javier Pérez,&nbsp;Luz Boyero,&nbsp;Richard G. Pearson,&nbsp;Mark O. Gessner,&nbsp;Alan Tonin,&nbsp;Naiara López-Rojo,&nbsp;Juan Rubio-Ríos,&nbsp;Francisco Correa-Araneda,&nbsp;Alberto Alonso,&nbsp;Aydeé Cornejo,&nbsp;Ricardo J. Albariño,&nbsp;Sankarappan Anbalagan,&nbsp;Leon A. Barmuta,&nbsp;Andrew J. Boulton,&nbsp;Francis J. Burdon,&nbsp;Adriano Caliman,&nbsp;Marcos Callisto,&nbsp;Ian C. Campbell,&nbsp;Bradley J. Cardinale,&nbsp;Luciana S. Carneiro,&nbsp;J. Jesús Casas,&nbsp;Ana M. Chará-Serna,&nbsp;Eric Chauvet,&nbsp;Checo Colón-Gaud,&nbsp;Aaron M. Davis,&nbsp;Elvira de Eyto,&nbsp;Monika Degebrodt,&nbsp;María E. Díaz,&nbsp;Michael M. Douglas,&nbsp;Andrea C. Encalada,&nbsp;Ricardo Figueroa,&nbsp;Alexander S. Flecker,&nbsp;Tadeusz Fleituch,&nbsp;André Frainer,&nbsp;Erica A. García,&nbsp;Gabriela García,&nbsp;Pavel E. García,&nbsp;Paul S. Giller,&nbsp;Jesús E. Gómez,&nbsp;Jose F. Gonçalves Jr.,&nbsp;Manuel A. S. Graça,&nbsp;Robert O. Hall Jr.,&nbsp;Neusa Hamada,&nbsp;Luiz U. Hepp,&nbsp;Cang Hui,&nbsp;Daichi Imazawa,&nbsp;Tomoya Iwata,&nbsp;Edson S. A. Junior,&nbsp;Andrea Landeira-Dabarca,&nbsp;María Leal,&nbsp;Kaisa Lehosmaa,&nbsp;Charles M. M'Erimba,&nbsp;Richard Marchant,&nbsp;Renato T. Martins,&nbsp;Frank O. Masese,&nbsp;Megan Maul,&nbsp;Brendan G. McKie,&nbsp;Adriana O. Medeiros,&nbsp;Jen A. Middleton,&nbsp;Timo Muotka,&nbsp;Junjiro N. Negishi,&nbsp;Alonso Ramírez,&nbsp;Renan S. Rezende,&nbsp;John S. Richardson,&nbsp;José Rincón,&nbsp;Claudia Serrano,&nbsp;Angela R. Shaffer,&nbsp;Fran Sheldon,&nbsp;Christopher M. Swan,&nbsp;Nathalie S. D. Tenkiano,&nbsp;Scott D. Tiegs,&nbsp;Janine R. Tolod,&nbsp;Michael Vernasky,&nbsp;Elizabeth W. Wanderi,&nbsp;Anne Watson,&nbsp;Catherine M. Yule","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decomposition of plant litter is a key ecological process in streams, whose contribution to the global carbon cycle is large relative to their extent on Earth. We examined the mechanisms underlying the temperature sensitivity (TS) of instream decomposition and forecast effects of climate warming on this process. Comparing data from 41 globally distributed sites, we assessed the TS of microbial and total decomposition using litter of nine plant species combined in six mixtures. Microbial decomposition conformed to the metabolic theory of ecology and its TS was consistently higher than that of total decomposition, which was higher than found previously. Litter quality influenced the difference between microbial and total decomposition, with total decomposition of more recalcitrant litter being more sensitive to temperature. Our projections suggest that (i) warming will enhance the microbial contribution to decomposition, increasing CO₂ outgassing and intensifying the warming trend, especially in colder regions; and (ii) riparian species composition will have a major influence on this process.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Acidification Destabilizes Terrestrial Ecosystems via Decoupling Soil Microbiome","authors":"Yulong Duan,&nbsp;Junbiao Zhang,&nbsp;Evangelos Petropoulos,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhao,&nbsp;Rongliang Jia,&nbsp;Fasi Wu,&nbsp;Yun Chen,&nbsp;Lilong Wang,&nbsp;Xuyang Wang,&nbsp;Yulin Li,&nbsp;Yuqiang Li","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil microbiome is essential for terrestrial ecosystem preservation. β-diversity information on the former, although dynamic due to its sensitivity to environmental conditions driven by climate change, is limited. Our knowledge becomes poorer for microbiomes subjected to environmental gradients, especially for those across multiple ecosystems—information important for biological conservation management. In this study, using next generation sequencing and machine learning at samples from 207 locations among 4300 km of transects that spanned among six typical terrestrial ecosystems of China, we established the divergent distance-decay relationships between bacterial and eukaryotic communities in response to soil pH (pH as proxy of climate and edaphic conditions). The findings, pH-decrease results in lower β-diversity (convergent tendency) among the bacterial communities opposite to the eukaryotic ones (low pH—high β-diversity (divergent tendency)). Meanwhile, competition between bacteria and eukaryotes intensifies at lower pH while the predominant genera and communities are re-structured. Under these circumstances, potential soil acidification due to climate change or other factors could alter soil bacteria and eukaryotes into decoupling directions influencing ecosystems' stability. Thus, soil pH is a pivotal environmental variable that not only describes, but also controls, soil microbiome dynamics at a large scale under ongoing global changes; hence, a cornerstone variable for the biodiversity conservation of China's nature protected areas and not only.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic Carbon Should Be Considered for Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils","authors":"Yang Liao,&nbsp;Lei Deng,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Huang,&nbsp;Jianzhao Wu,&nbsp;Wende Zheng,&nbsp;Jingwei Shi,&nbsp;Lingbo Dong,&nbsp;Jiwei Li,&nbsp;Feng Yang,&nbsp;Zhouping Shangguan,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Improved agricultural practices that restore soil organic carbon (SOC) are recognized as climate solutions, whereas soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is ignored nearly in all practices. Here, we meta-analyzed the joint response of SOC and SIC to six common agricultural practices, i.e., reduced tillage, irrigation, fertilization, residue utilization, reclamation, and restoration. The results demonstrated that the most agricultural practices strongly increased SOC, whereas SIC was less sensitive. SOC and SIC increased synergistically by following practices: Irrigation, biochar application, and improved reclamation. However, “trade-offs” between SOC and SIC due to mineral fertilizer application and restoration to forestland may partly offset soil carbon sequestration. The magnitude of SOC changes decreased with increasing depth, and deep SOC was still responsive to agricultural practices. In contrast, SIC loss occurred mainly in the topsoil, while increases were mainly in the deep soil. By optimizing agricultural practices, we estimated the global potential of carbon sequestration in soil at 1.5 Gt yr.⁻¹ (95% confidence interval: 0.3–2.8), with SOC contributing 1.4 Gt yr.⁻¹, while SIC contributed less (0.1 Gt yr.⁻¹) due to its losses under some practices. This potential is equivalent to 16% of global fossil fuel emissions. Concluding, this study highlights the potential contribution of SIC in enhancing the integrity of soil-based climate solutions, broadening the scope of carbon management in mitigating climate change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Thermal Stress History of South Atlantic Reefs Reveals Increasing Intensity, Duration, Frequency, and Likely Undocumented Bleaching Episodes","authors":"Giovanna Destri,&nbsp;Arthur Z. Güth,&nbsp;André L. Luza,&nbsp;Julia Y. Ibanhez,&nbsp;Marcelo Dottori,&nbsp;Ilson C. A. Silveira,&nbsp;Giulia B. Braz,&nbsp;Jacqueline L. De La Cour,&nbsp;Derek P. Manzello,&nbsp;William J. Skirving,&nbsp;Miguel Mies","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary consequence of global warming for reefs is coral bleaching, often leading to extensive coral mortality. Although bleaching is well-documented globally, the thermal stress and bleaching experienced by the unique South Atlantic reefs remain largely unknown due to insufficient monitoring on both spatial and temporal scales. Therefore, this work aimed to reconstruct past thermal stress episodes across South Atlantic reefs, and assessed whether episodes are becoming more intense, longer-lasting, and more frequent. We retrieved daily 5 km-resolution Degree Heating Week (DHW) data from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coral Reef Watch server for 33 reef sites spanning the last 40 years. For each thermal stress episode, we assessed the intensity (maximum DHW value), duration (number of continuous days under stress), and frequency (number of days between episodes). Generalized linear models were fitted to intensity, duration, and frequency data to evaluate the influence of latitude and the time <i>x</i> region interaction as predictors. We recorded multiple thermal stress episodes, increasing from 2010 onwards, ranging from 10 episodes between 1985–89 and 75 between 2020–24. Intensity and duration increased over time across the entire South Atlantic. Frequency also increased across the Southwestern Atlantic coast and oceanic islands, but not for Africa. Episodes at higher latitudes were more intense, prolonged, and frequent. The validity of the thermal stress history reconstruction was groundtruthed using information from the Abrolhos Bank, the only consistently monitored reef site in the South Atlantic—DHW data accurately matched the observed bleaching episodes at this site. With this, our dataset shows that multiple bleaching episodes likely occurred in the South Atlantic, but went undocumented in the field. Therefore, the information currently available for the South Atlantic likely underestimates the extent of bleaching occurring in the area, which is experiencing increases in intensity, duration, and frequency of thermal stress.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme Rainfall Amplified the Stimulatory Effects of Soil Carbon Availability on N2O Emissions","authors":"Zengming Chen,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Ye Li,&nbsp;Shiqi Xu,&nbsp;Yulian Liu,&nbsp;Shujie Miao,&nbsp;Weixin Ding","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ongoing climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall, which will dramatically alter soil nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, especially changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) due to anthropogenic management. However, our ability to predict this effect is limited owing to a dearth of research. Therefore, we selected two croplands in Northeast China with the same quantity but contrasting availability of SOC to explore the in situ dynamics of N₂O fluxes and N-cycling microbes through 2-year field experiment and N₂O production pathways by laboratory ¹⁵N-tracing experiment. In a normal rainfall year, the croplands with high (HCA) and low (LCA) SOC availability emitted 0.66 and 0.25 kg N₂O-N ha⁻¹ without N-fertilization and 2.03 and 1.51 kg N₂O-N ha⁻¹ with N-fertilization, respectively. In a record-breaking wet year, multiple heavy rainfall events caused water supersaturation in the low-lying HCA cropland over 2 months. Consequently, the background N₂O emissions increased by 508% compared with the normal rainfall year, and the N-induced N₂O emission factor increased from 0.77% to 2.24%. Soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was identified as the primary driver of larger N₂O fluxes from HCA cropland which facilitated denitrification by fueling <i>nirS</i>- and <i>nirK</i>-denitrifiers metabolism. Furthermore, a greater N substrate supply via a faster mineralization-nitrification coupling process promoted the contribution of autotrophic nitrification to N₂O in HCA cropland. The N₂O pulses from HCA soils during the waterlogging period were derived from stimulated denitrification, which dominated N₂O production (&gt; 90%). Simultaneously, C availability enhanced and nitrate was produced via archaeal nitrification, leading to an increased <i>nirS</i>/<i>nosZII</i> ratio that fostered N₂O production through incomplete denitrification. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of avoiding the amendment of exogenous organic materials with high C lability, particularly under climate extremes, to eliminate the potential positive feedback of SOC management on climate change by inducing N₂O emissions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization Pressures on Climate Adaptation Capacity of Forest Habitats","authors":"Anqi Huang,&nbsp;Xiyan Xu,&nbsp;Gensuo Jia","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urbanization extensively shapes the wildland–urban interfaces (WUIs). However, the effects of urbanization on forest habitats in WUIs as thermal refuges for biodiversity remain elusive. Here, we show that urbanization-induced increases in human footprints cause canopy degradation of forest habitats in WUIs, including declines in forest coverage (−12.61% ± 0.05%), leaf area index (−0.45 ± 0.01 m² m⁻²), and canopy height (−3.74 ± 0.02 m). Canopy degradation weakens forest-based climate change adaptation, inferred by reduced forest habitat connectivity (−9.45% ± 0.08%) and elevated daily mean surface temperature (0.41°C ± 0.01°C) in WUIs, leading to a rise in frequency (0.22 ± 0.01 days) and intensity (1.05°C ± 0.02°C) of annual mean thermal extremes compared to that in nearby wildlands. A 10.01% ± 0.07% lower mean species richness in WUIs than nearby wildlands demonstrates local biodiversity loss in WUIs driven by intense human footprints, declined habitat connectivity, and increased thermal stress. We highlight the need for urban planning to fully integrate solutions for climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Don't Miss the Forest for the Trees: How Abstracting Nature Can Get Us Closer to Our Goals","authors":"Jake Lawlor","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70146","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;How will natural environments change in the future? As climate envelopes shift across Earth's surface (Burrows et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;) and species redistribute across the globe to follow (Pecl et al. &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;), predicting ecological outcomes is crucial for guiding intervention, management, and adaptation strategies for biodiversity changes. However, the scale and ecological resolution with which we assess biodiversity changes can greatly influence both the methods that we choose and the insights that we glean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Understanding complex natural ecosystems and their responses to climate change sometimes requires abstraction—condensing primary data to extract broad-scale patterns while necessarily sacrificing some details. For example, abstracting species occurrences to richness, or species interactions to network links can reveal patterns about the structure and connectance of ecosystems. However, this process comes with a tradeoff, because gaining these broad-scale insights generally means losing information about the exact species or events driving these patterns. Abstractions into functional groups, genotypes, or community-level attributes are especially useful for assessing ecological responses to climate change (Pereira et al. &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;), and projecting these metrics into the future can provide critical insights into how ecosystems might differ under new climate conditions. Typically, projections of community-level variables are built by first modeling individual species' responses to future climates, then summarizing species-level predictions to higher levels. However, in many cases, community-level responses can instead be predicted directly (Nieto-Lugilde et al. &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a recent study published in Global Change Biology, Gougherty et al. (&lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) demonstrate the latter approach. Their study examines how an abstracted community-level variable—community composition—might change in response to changing climates in forest communities across North America. They use an extensive dataset of tree distributions paired with multiple contemporary climate parameters to calibrate a generalized dissimilarity model (GDM, Ferrier et al. &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;) that predicts the magnitude of compositional dissimilarity between any two forest communities (20 km raster cells) as a function of the climatic distance between them. They then apply their model to end-of-century climate projections to predict magnitudes of compositional dissimilarity between present and future forests without projecting the compositions of future forests themselves. In other words, they model changes to the forests without modeling changes to the trees. By shifting the focus of their question from “how might communities differ in future climates?” to “how different might communities in future climates be?”, their approach targets ecological responses to climate change from an abstracted lens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gougherty et al. identify broad-sc","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Adaptation to Drought in Quercus robur Populations in Central European Temperate Forests","authors":"Tetyana Nosenko,&nbsp;Hilke Schroeder,&nbsp;Ina Zimmer,&nbsp;Franz Buegger,&nbsp;Franziska Orgel,&nbsp;Imke Burau,&nbsp;Prasath Balaji Sivaprakasam Padmanaban,&nbsp;Andrea Ghirardo,&nbsp;Ronja Bracker,&nbsp;Birgit Kersten,&nbsp;Jörg-Peter Schnitzler","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to predict the future of European forests, it is crucial to assess the potential of the dominant perennial species to adapt to rapid climate change. The aim of this study was to reconstruct the pattern of distribution of drought tolerance in <i>Quercus robur</i> in the current center of the species' range. The distribution and plasticity of drought-related traits in German populations of <i>Q. robur</i> were assessed and the effects of spring phenology and species demographic history on this distribution were evaluated using a drought stress experiment in a common garden. We show that variation of drought-related functional traits, including intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), leaf osmotic potential (π), and rate of drought-induced defoliation, is high within <i>Q. robur</i> populations. However, frequency of trees with high estimated constitutive drought tolerance increases with decreasing water availability in the regions of population origin, indicating local adaptation to drought. A strong correlation between the distribution of drought-related traits and spring phenology observed in <i>Q. robur</i> suggests that adaptation to water deficit interacts with adaptation to the strong seasonality of the central European climate. The two processes are not influenced by the history of post-glacial recolonisation of central Europe. The results of this study provide a basis for optimistic prognoses for the future of this species in the center of its current distribution range.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive Effects of Multiple Global Change Drivers on Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycling Worldwide","authors":"Bangjing Ding,&nbsp;Di Xu,&nbsp;Shuo Wang,&nbsp;Wenzhi Liu,&nbsp;Quanfa Zhang","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global change has dramatically altered the Earth's biogeochemical cycles. However, the interactive effects of multiple global change factors (GCFs) on terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling worldwide remain unclear, limiting the ability to predict how future global change will affect the global N cycle. We conducted a meta-analysis of 108 published articles to evaluate the main and interactive effects of elevated CO₂, N addition, warming, and altered precipitation on soil N pools (NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, and organic N) and transformation rates (N mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification) across terrestrial ecosystems. Results showed that single GCFs impacted the soil N cycle in different directions and magnitudes, with N addition and increased precipitation having the strongest positive effects on N pools and transformation rates, respectively. Moreover, the positive effects of N addition on the soil N cycle were generally enhanced when combined with other GCFs. Although the interactions of multiple GCFs were commonly additive (66.2%–83.3%), both synergistic (10.5%–15.1%) and antagonistic (2.8%–18.9%) effects were also observed. The types of treatment and ecosystem, geographic location, and climate all regulated the responses of soil N pools to GCFs to some degree, while only the types of treatment and ecosystem significantly affected the response of soil transformation rates to GCFs. These findings emphasize the importance of considering interactive effects among GCFs on terrestrial N cycling and highlight the necessity of incorporating these interactions into Earth system models for accurate predictions of N cycling responses to global changes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}