Global Change Biology最新文献

{"title":"Do Microplastics Always Harm Agroecosystem Services? A Global Synthesis","authors":"Yunfei Ren,&nbsp;Xiaodong Liu,&nbsp;Haibo Hu,&nbsp;Dayu Liu,&nbsp;Nannan Li,&nbsp;Xunan Li,&nbsp;Fei Mo","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging global change factor with the potential to affect key agroecosystem services. Yet, MPs enter soils with highly variable properties (e.g., type, shape, size, concentration, and aging duration), reflecting their heterogeneous chemical compositions and diverse sources. The impacts of MPs with such varying properties on agroecosystem services remain poorly understood, limiting effective risk assessment and mitigation efforts. We synthesized 6315 global observations to assess the broad impacts of microplastic properties on key agroecosystem services, including crop productivity and physiology, soil carbon sequestration, nutrient retention, water regulation, and soil physical and microbial properties. MPs generally caused significant declines in aboveground productivity, crop physiology, water-holding capacity, and nutrient retention. However, the direction and magnitude of these effects varied considerably depending on the specific properties of MPs. The hazards posed by MPs to aboveground productivity, antioxidant systems, and root activity were size- and dose-dependent, with larger particles at higher concentrations inducing greater damage. Prolonged microplastic exposure impaired crop photosynthesis and soil nutrient retention, but most other ecosystem services (e.g., belowground productivity, antioxidant systems, and root activity) showed gradual recovery over time. Fiber-shaped MPs positively influenced crop aboveground and belowground productivity and soil carbon sequestration, potentially due to their linear configuration enhancing soil aggregation and connectivity. Polymer type emerged as the most prominent driver of the complex and unpredictable responses of agroecosystem services to MPs, with biodegradable polymers unexpectedly exerting larger negative effects on crop productivity, root activity, photosynthesis, and soil nutrient retention than other polymers. This synthesis underscores the critical role of microplastic properties in determining their ecological impacts, providing essential insights for property-specific risk assessment and mitigation strategies to address microplastic pollution in agroecosystems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Climate Change on Mesocarnivores: A Global Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Vasco Valdez,&nbsp;Pablo Ferreras,&nbsp;Luís Miguel Rosalino","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70302","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change is a major threat to biodiversity, affecting a wide range of species in different ecological networks. Higher trophic level species, such as mesocarnivores, are particularly affected due to bottom-up and top-down cascading effects. The magnitude of climate change impacts on mesocarnivores may vary between regions and taxonomic groups, but this variation is poorly understood. We reviewed 119 articles on the effects of climate change on mesocarnivores (Order Carnivora). We found an increase in studies of climate change effects over time, with canids and mustelids being the most studied carnivores, and herpestids, procyonids, viverrids and ailurids being the least studied. Most of the identified studies were from Europe, followed by North and South America. Africa and Oceania had fewer published studies. The most common approach to assessing the impact of climate change on carnivores was based on the study of species spatial ecology and habitat use, but also on population and community ecology. We used 21 of those articles that used ecological niche modelling to assess future distribution changes as the basis for our meta-analysis. Our results show that although some habitat generalists, mainly canids and procyonids, with a wide range of habitats may benefit from climate change, most mesocarnivores are likely to experience range contractions. However, this general pattern varies among carnivore families. Species from arid environments, as well as those that are specialists in montane and tropical forests, are likely to experience the largest declines in range. This is especially true for species from Africa, Asia and South America, as these regions are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Our study highlights that climate change affects carnivores in different ways and that there is also regional variation in impacts; therefore, conservation efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change should be tailored to each continent and species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-Organic Carbon Interactions in Wetlands: Implications for Wetland Carbon Preservation Under Global Changes","authors":"Xiaojuan Feng,&nbsp;冯晓娟,&nbsp;Yunpeng Zhao,&nbsp;赵云鹏,&nbsp;Houquan Wang,&nbsp;王后权,&nbsp;Chengzhu Liu,&nbsp;刘程竹","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a tremendous global carbon reservoir, wetlands play a pivotal role in mediating climate change. Organic carbon (OC) stored in wetlands is usually considered to be dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC) devoid of mineral protection. However, recent studies have revealed that reactive iron (Fe) (hydr)oxides are more abundant than previously recognized in wetlands and may stabilize up to 40% of soil organic carbon (SOC). Yet the significance of Fe-OC interactions in wetland carbon preservation and their responses to global changes remain insufficiently understood. Here this review summarizes recent advances in three key aspects related to Fe-OC interactions in wetlands: microbe- and plant-mediated biogeochemical processes regulating the formation and accumulation of reactive Fe (hydr)oxides in wetland soils; characteristics of Fe-OC interactions and their implications for wetland carbon preservation; and the response of Fe-OC interactions to global changes including drainage and warming. We also highlight future research directions and potential strategies related to wetland Fe-OC interactions, which warrant better recognition in the protection and restoration of wetland carbon reservoirs. These advances underscore that mineral protection by reactive metal oxides is an underappreciated mechanism of SOC preservation in wetlands, potentially improving our understanding of wetland carbon dynamics under global changes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Rising CO2 on Food Security and Human Health Risks and Potential Adaptation Strategies","authors":"Dongming Wang,&nbsp;Josep Peñuelas,&nbsp;Ye Tao,&nbsp;Irakli Loladze,&nbsp;Chuang Cai,&nbsp;Lian Song,&nbsp;Jinbo Zhang,&nbsp;Guangbin Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Wang,&nbsp;Wei Zhou,&nbsp;Qinfen Li,&nbsp;Chunwu Zhu","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70299","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decades of Free Air CO₂ Enrichment (FACE) experiments show that projected atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) increases significantly influence crop systems, impacting food security. Firstly, elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) benefits global C₃ crop yields, despite substantial genetic variation. Lower-than-expected rice yield increases highlight the potential to augment the CO₂ fertilization effect (CFE) by enhancing nitrogen (N) uptake to facilitate carbon (C) assimilation. Secondly, CFE consistently correlates with declining nutritional quality. Concomitant CO₂ and temperature increases synergistically elevate toxic arsenic (As) in rice grain, projecting substantial cancer case increases in major rice-consuming countries. This assessment underscores the urgency for strategies mitigating nutrient decline and As exposure from near-term climate change. Thirdly, current estimates suggest long-term eCO₂ minimally impacts soil N availability. However, risks include decreasing soil phosphate (P) availability and intensifying greenhouse gas emissions (methane [CH₄], nitrous oxide [N₂O]), challenging food security sustainability. Fourthly, global food security inequity will likely worsen. Poorer regions, often heavily reliant on few cereal crops and affected by climate variability and uneven resource distribution, are more vulnerable to eCO₂. Thus, implementing diverse, region-specific adaptation strategies—encompassing agronomic management, crop breeding, and policymaking—is crucial for establishing climate-resilient agricultural ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unfolding the Potential of Soil Microbial Community Diversity for Accumulation of Necromass Carbon at Large Scale","authors":"Yang Yang,&nbsp;Anna Gunina,&nbsp;Ji Chen,&nbsp;Baorong Wang,&nbsp;Huan Cheng,&nbsp;Yunqiang Wang,&nbsp;Chao Liang,&nbsp;Shaoshan An,&nbsp;Scott X. Chang,&nbsp;Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microorganisms are the main drivers of soil organic carbon (SOC) formation, especially through the accumulation of microbial necromass C. It is unclear, however, how microorganisms mediate the accumulation of necromass in soil because microbial communities are prohibitively diverse. To bridge this knowledge gap, biomarkers of microbial cell walls (amino sugars) were combined with high-throughput sequencing, spanning a 900 km climatic gradient through the Loess Plateau. The cropland and three restoration types (grassland, shrubland, and forestland) were included, and 291 samples were collected. Necromass C, microbial diversity, and enzyme activities showed the same trend after vegetation restoration (from cropland to forestland). Soil pH, clay, microbial biomass C, and α-1,4-glucosidase were the strong predictors for both bacterial and fungal necromass C. There was a strong positive linear relationship that existed between bacterial necromass C and diversity and also between fungal necromass C and diversity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), pointing to the strong links between microbial diversities and residues. Specifically, necromass C was strongly correlated with dominant microbial taxa, suggesting that these taxa might control the variation of necromass and other metabolic residues. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes gradually increased after vegetation restoration, and changed from oligotrophic to copiotrophic groups. It means that vegetation restoration promoted opportunistic and resilient microbial taxa that may have copiotrophic or fast-response characteristics to increase the accumulation of necromass C and potentially contribute to soil C sequestration in these systems. In this regard, vegetation restoration governs SOC storage by shaping the unique dominant microbial communities, facilitating the accumulation of necromass C. This research enhances our understanding of the survival strategies of microbial life and suggests greater contribution to necromass than previously recognized for soil microbiomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-Size-Dependent Responses of Bacterial Communities to Warming in the Alpine Grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Jie Liu,&nbsp;Lan Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Zou,&nbsp;Hao Shi,&nbsp;Junqiang Wang,&nbsp;Fei Xia,&nbsp;Yunfeng Yang","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cell size is a fundamental determinant of bacterial ecology, influencing community dynamics, physiological processes, and ecological interactions. However, the impacts of climate change—especially warming—on bacteria of varying cell sizes remain poorly understood, particularly in sensitive ecosystems such as alpine grasslands. In this study, we conducted an open-top chamber warming experiment (+1.3°C) to investigate how warming affects bacterial communities across four distinct cell size categories (&lt; 0.4, 0.4–3.0, 3.0–5.0, and &gt; 5.0 μm) in the alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Our results show that warming differentially impacts bacterial communities depending on cell size. Small bacteria (&lt; 0.4 μm) were more sensitive to warming, with increased richness and diversity, while larger bacteria (3.0–5.0 μm) experienced a decline in both diversity and richness. These shifts were accompanied by compositional changes, particularly within the &lt; 0.4 μm fraction, where phyla such as β-Proteobacteria, δ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Thermotogae decreased, while Actinobacteria increased. Additionally, warming decoupled the interactions between large bacteria and soil or plant components, while enhancing plant–bacterial coupling for small bacteria. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that warming reduced the complexity and connectivity of small bacterial communities, making them less stable and more influenced by deterministic processes. In contrast, warming promoted drift and heterogeneous selection in large bacterial communities, highlighting divergent ecological responses based on cell size. These findings underscore the critical role of cell size in determining bacterial vulnerability to global warming, offering new insights into microbial community dynamics in response to climate change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Up High, Hot and Dry: Individual Reproductive Output in Subalpine Bees Declines With Increasing Drought Severity","authors":"Lydia H. Wong,&nbsp;Brian D. Inouye,&nbsp;Jessica R. K. Forrest","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wild bees play indispensable ecological roles in many ecosystems, yet declines in many species have been documented in recent years. These declines have been linked to numerous anthropogenic pressures, including climate change, which can influence bee populations directly (i.e., via physiological mechanisms) and indirectly (e.g., through changes to floral resource quantity and quality). Widespread changes in the distributions and abundances of many bee species have been linked to climate change at large spatial scales; yet, the local-scale processes that generate these broad-scale patterns are little known. Specifically, it is unclear how climate change influences the fitness of individual bees, despite the fact that broad-scale patterns of decline must be driven by individual-level processes. Our study examines the individual fitness responses (i.e., reproductive output) of five solitary bee species in the genus <i>Osmia</i> to variations in local climate variables in subalpine habitats. Over nine years, we tracked brood cell production in over 700 individual female bees, conducted repeated surveys of floral abundance (while taking into account the specific floral host taxa used by each bee species), and recorded local precipitation and temperature at seven sites. Our data revealed both direct and indirect (floral resource-mediated) negative effects of drought: the total number of brood cells produced by nesting females decreased significantly in summers characterized by greater drought severity and high temperatures—a relationship-driven partly by significant decreases in floral host-plant availability in hotter and drier years. Our study highlights how the negative consequences of climate change for bee populations can manifest at the level of individuals and the role of floral resources in mediating these relationships. Overall, our results suggest that the increasingly warm and dry conditions forecasted for our study area will have net negative effects on the demographic success of these solitary bees.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization Filters Megacolorful, Small-Bodied, and Diet-Specialist Species in Tropical Bird Assemblages","authors":"Lucas Ferreira do Nascimento,&nbsp;Paulo R. Guimarães Jr.,&nbsp;Julian Evans,&nbsp;W. Daniel Kissling","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The colorfulness of bird plumage plays a crucial role in intraspecific (e.g., sexual display) and interspecific ecological interactions (e.g., camouflage and predation). Functional traits like diet, body size, and sexual dichromatism are among the primary predictors of plumage colorfulness in passerine (Passeriformes) birds. Consequently, passerine plumage colorfulness and functional traits associated with it (i.e., diet, body size, and sexual dichromatism) can affect the success of individuals in novel environments, such as urban settings. However, our understanding of the impact of urbanization on the functional traits of birds, especially in tropical regions, is limited. To address this gap, we analyzed whether urban environments serve as environmental filters for plumage colorfulness, diet, body size, and sexual dichromatism in passerine bird assemblages across the biomes of Brazil, the world's largest tropical country. Using generalized linear and generalized linear mixed models that incorporate bird checklists, functional traits, urbanization, biomes, and sampling effort, we show that urbanization increases the proportion of omnivores, the proportion of larger species, and average sexual dichromatism in bird assemblages. While the average colorfulness of bird assemblages did not change with increasing urbanization, a negative correlation between the presence of megacolorful birds (i.e., the 5% most colorful species) and urbanization was detected, particularly in biomes with high urban concentrations, such as the Atlantic Forest and the Caatinga. This suggests that urban environments can be unsuitable for the most colorful tropical bird species. Our study additionally shows that factors like body size, diet, and sexual dichromatism play a mediating role in the urban filtering process. Our analyses provide insights into how urban environments act as environmental filters and can help to better understand the consequences of urbanization for tropical biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust Conservation Planning for Biodiversity Under Climate Change Uncertainty","authors":"Alexis Rutschmann,&nbsp;Matthew P. Moskwik,&nbsp;Robert J. Lempert,&nbsp;Melissa S. Bukovsky,&nbsp;Seth McGinnis,&nbsp;Dan L. Warren,&nbsp;Linda O. Mearns,&nbsp;Camille Parmesan","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70293","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When designing new protected areas, conservation managers often use bioclimatic models to anticipate the effects of climate change on species distributions. Recent studies have shown that the outputs of such models frequently differ in direction and magnitude, generating uncertainties that compromise their value for guiding conservation plans. Traditional approaches tend to minimise this uncertainty by designing adaptive strategies or by complexifying predictive models. However, these approaches may prove inadequate when uncertainty grows too large, as is the case with climate change. Here, rather than attempting to reduce uncertainty, we propose to embrace and value it in order to seek conservation measures that are as robust as possible to many plausible futures. By adapting this “Robust Decision Making” framework to conservation, we stress tested five generic conservation strategies against hundreds of plausible futures, for each of 22 species of concern. Our conceptual study seeks the strengths and vulnerabilities of each strategy across many possible future directions, facilitating both decision-making amongst strategies and emergence of robust and adaptive conservation plans. We anticipate our approach to offer an innovative framework to complement classic species conservation planning methods by reducing sensitivity to climate change uncertainty and improving the overall performance of conservation actions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Decadal Trends in Northern Lakes Show Contrasting Responses of Phytoplankton and Benthic Macroinvertebrates to Climate Change","authors":"Richard K. Johnson,&nbsp;Willem Goedkoop,&nbsp;Danny C. P. Lau","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70274","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gcb.70274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Three decades of continuous monitoring of 110 lakes across Sweden revealed significant long-term changes in physicochemical habitat and biological assemblages comprising multiple trophic levels related to climate. Mean annual air temperature increased for almost all lakes, with notable increases in the northern region. The environmental variables that showed the strongest temporal patterns were increasing water temperatures and decreasing nutrient (TP) and TOC concentrations for lakes in the north and increasing pH and TOC for lakes in the south. As hypothesized, phytoplankton and benthic macroinvertebrate (littoral and profundal) assemblages tracked climate changes directly (temperature, precipitation) and indirectly (changes in physicochemical habitat), but trends differed among the organism groups. The most pronounced changes in both magnitudes and rates of change (slopes) of the biological trends were found in the northernmost ecoregions. In these nutrient- and species-poor ecosystems, taxon richness and diversity had contrasting patterns: phytoplankton and profundal macroinvertebrates had negative slopes while littoral macroinvertebrates had positive slopes. Total phytoplankton biovolume and littoral macroinvertebrate abundance had positive slopes. Spatiotemporal patterns of phytoplankton and littoral macroinvertebrates were largely correlated with temperature and nutrients but not profundal assemblages. For lakes in the south isolating climate-induced effects was confounded by post-acidification recovery, for example, all three organism groups correlated with pH but not with water temperature. Combined results from all of the study lakes indicated habitat-specific responses of biological assemblages to long-term changes in climate and physicochemical habitat. Climate change coupled with catchment vegetation and post-acidification recovery pose heterogeneous impacts directly (temperature) and indirectly (physicochemical habitat) on lake assemblages. All three organism groups showed trends related to climate and therefore should be considered robust sentinels to gauge climate impacts directly and trophic-level effects indirectly in these climate-vulnerable ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}