Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献_第5页

Pharmacokinetics of Intramuscularly Administered Ketamine at Subanaesthetic Dosage in Horses 肌注氯胺酮在马体内亚麻醉剂量的药代动力学。

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-07-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-31 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70070

Zoë Vandaele, Jana Flyps, Charlotte Cuypers, Siegrid De Baere, Mathias Devreese, Stijn Schauvliege

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Intramuscularly Administered Ketamine at Subanaesthetic Dosage in Horses","authors":"Zoë Vandaele, Jana Flyps, Charlotte Cuypers, Siegrid De Baere, Mathias Devreese, Stijn Schauvliege","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Subanaesthetic doses of ketamine (0.5 mg kg−1) provide analgesia in several species, but there is limited information on the pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of intramuscularly administered ketamine in horses. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine, and evaluated clinical effects, ataxia, and vital parameters, following intramuscular and intravenous administration of 0.5 mg kg−1 ketamine in nine healthy horses, using a randomized two-period crossover design with a 1-week washout period. Plasma concentrations were analyzed using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). Ketamine pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a one-compartment model and norketamine using a noncompartmental model. After intravenous administration (n = 9), ketamine showed a Cmax of 525 ± 290 ng mL−1, an AUC0–∞ of 85.9 ± 54.7 ng·h mL−1, and a t1/2z of 0.1 ± 0.01 h. Following intramuscular administration (n = 7), ketamine plasma concentrations were below the limit of quantification (< 5 ng mL−1) except at a few early timepoints, preventing reliable pharmacokinetic analysis. Norketamine showed a Cmax of 39.7 ± 32.3 ng mL−1 and a tmax of 0.3 ± 0.18 h after intramuscular administration. All horses developed transient, mild-to-severe ataxia after intravenous administration, resolving within 15 min. This was not observed after intramuscular administration. Intramuscular ketamine administration (0.5 mg kg−1) shows a low systemic bioavailability (< 5%) but is well tolerated and has minimal adverse effects.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"49 4","pages":"392-401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concurrent Use of Tasipimidine Oral Solution and Fluoxetine in Dogs. 他西咪定口服液与氟西汀在犬中的同时应用。

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-07-15 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70098

Jenni Lindstedt, Jouko M Levijoki, Johanna Tuunainen, Jens Häggström, Meri Ramela, Mira Korpivaara

{"title":"Concurrent Use of Tasipimidine Oral Solution and Fluoxetine in Dogs.","authors":"Jenni Lindstedt, Jouko M Levijoki, Johanna Tuunainen, Jens Häggström, Meri Ramela, Mira Korpivaara","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.70098","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory randomized crossover study investigated pharmacokinetic interactions, functional alertness, and cardiovascular safety of tasipimidine oral solution administered alone and in combination with fluoxetine in healthy Beagle dogs (n = 8; 4 dogs per dose level), with a 7-day washout between phases. Dogs received single oral doses of tasipimidine (20 or 30 μg/kg) alone and following single or repeated fluoxetine administration (~1 mg/kg/day for 12 days). Functional alertness was assessed using a semi-quantitative, observer-based scale evaluating responsiveness and ability to walk. Cardiovascular effects were monitored by telemetry, including heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG. Co-administration with fluoxetine increased tasipimidine exposure, with Cmax and AUC0-24h rising approximately 1.3-1.4-fold after single fluoxetine dosing and up to 1.4-fold at the 30 μg/kg tasipimidine dose after repeated fluoxetine administration; these changes were variable and not consistently statistically significant. Reduced alertness and transient mild ataxia were more frequent at 30 μg/kg, whereas the 20 μg/kg dose showed minimal sedative effects. Tasipimidine reduced heart rate by 30-52 bpm and mean arterial pressure by 13-21 mmHg. No clinically relevant ECG abnormalities were detected. The increased tasipimidine exposure is likely related to metabolic inhibition by fluoxetine. Overall, concurrent use was well tolerated, supporting a reduced tasipimidine dose (20 μg/kg) when combined with fluoxetine.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148447792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Ketoprofen on the Pharmacokinetics of Marbofloxacin at Variable Intravenous Doses in Sheep. 酮洛芬对静脉注射不同剂量马布沙星在绵羊体内药代动力学的影响。

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70096

Muhittin Uslu, Rahmi Canbar, Orhan Corum, Duygu Durna Corum, Kamil Uney, Enver Yazar

{"title":"The Impact of Ketoprofen on the Pharmacokinetics of Marbofloxacin at Variable Intravenous Doses in Sheep.","authors":"Muhittin Uslu, Rahmi Canbar, Orhan Corum, Duygu Durna Corum, Kamil Uney, Enver Yazar","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70096","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ketoprofen (3 mg/kg, IV) on the pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin administered intravenously at 2 and 10 mg/kg in sheep, and to identify possible changes in key pharmacokinetic parameters when combined. Twelve healthy Merino sheep were enrolled in a two-stage crossover pharmacokinetic study. Each animal received intravenous marbofloxacin at 2 and 10 mg/kg, administered either alone or in combination with ketoprofen (3 mg/kg, IV). Blood samples were collected over 48 h, and plasma marbofloxacin levels were measured using HPLC-UV. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis. Compared to the 2 mg/kg dose, the AUC and t1/2ʎz increased and ClT decreased at the 10 mg/kg dose of marbofloxacin (p < 0.05). Combination administration with ketoprofen decreased ClT and Vdss values in both dose groups, and increased AUC and t1/2ʎz values (p < 0.05). Ketoprofen significantly alters marbofloxacin's pharmacokinetic parameters, increasing its systemic exposure. It is thought that the increased AUC, especially with high-dose or combined administration, may enhance antibacterial efficacy by raising the AUC/MIC ratio. Potential drug interactions should be considered in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148422198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Different Roles of Canine Cytochrome P450 2C and 3A Enzymes Involved in the Oxidative Metabolism of Phenobarbital, a Key Anticonvulsant for Dogs: Comparison With Human P450 Enzymes. 犬细胞色素P450 2C和3A酶在抗惊厥药物苯巴比妥氧化代谢中的不同作用：与人P450酶的比较

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70094

Yasuhiro Uno, Koya Fukunaga, Norie Murayama, Taisei Mushiroda, Makiko Shimizu, Hiroshi Yamazaki

{"title":"Different Roles of Canine Cytochrome P450 2C and 3A Enzymes Involved in the Oxidative Metabolism of Phenobarbital, a Key Anticonvulsant for Dogs: Comparison With Human P450 Enzymes.","authors":"Yasuhiro Uno, Koya Fukunaga, Norie Murayama, Taisei Mushiroda, Makiko Shimizu, Hiroshi Yamazaki","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70094","url":null,"abstract":"Phenobarbital is a key anticonvulsant used in dogs. Cytochrome P450 (P450) 2C19 is reportedly involved in the oxidative metabolism of phenobarbital in humans; however, the hepatic P450 enzymes responsible for phenobarbital p-hydroxylation in dogs have not yet been identified. In the present study, we investigated the roles of a range of dog P450 enzymes in phenobarbital p-hydroxylation activity using dog liver microsomes and recombinant proteins. Recombinant dog P450 2C21, 2C41, 3A12, and 3A98 enzymes and four liver microsomal preparations from four different dogs were used to investigate the biphasic P450-dependent phenobarbital p-hydroxylation activity. Human P450 2C19 is the predominant enzyme for the p-hydroxylation of phenobarbital, but not exclusively, and a similar process was anticipated in dogs. Phenobarbital p-hydroxylation activities in four dog liver microsomal preparations at substrate concentrations of 5.0 and 50 μM were significantly correlated with P450 2C immunochemical band intensities, but activities were not correlated at a substrate concentration of 500 μM. Liver microsomes from dog 3 had a monophasic capacity (Vmax, 0.35 pmol/min/mg protein) for phenobarbital p-hydroxylation (Km, 4.9 μM), whereas liver microsomes from dog 6 had biphasic low (Vmax1, 0.11 pmol/min/mg protein) and high (Vmax2, 0.22 pmol/min/mg protein) capacities with high (Km1, 1.6 μM) and low (Km2, 72 μM) affinities, respectively. The primary P450 2C21-dependent and secondary P450 3A12-dependent phenobarbital p-hydroxylation activities of dog liver microsomes showed approximately two-fold differences among the four individual dogs. This information could help develop an individualized approach for controlling epilepsy in dogs treated with phenobarbital.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148397043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Veterinary Pharmaceutical Safety Competencies for New Graduates: Description of an Interprofessional Simulated Learning Activity. 新毕业生的兽药安全能力：跨专业模拟学习活动的描述。

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70091

Margene Anderson, Carrie Schroeder, Kristopher M Schroeder

引用次数: 0

A Visual Analogue Scale Exercise for Teaching Antimicrobial Selection in Veterinary Pharmacology: Tool Development and Initial Implementation. 兽医药理学抗菌药物选择教学的可视化模拟量表练习：工具开发与初步实施。

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70088

Carly A Patterson, Jordan Tayce, Johanna C Heseltine

{"title":"A Visual Analogue Scale Exercise for Teaching Antimicrobial Selection in Veterinary Pharmacology: Tool Development and Initial Implementation.","authors":"Carly A Patterson, Jordan Tayce, Johanna C Heseltine","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70088","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinary students often find it difficult to select antimicrobial drugs for patients, likely because it requires them to consider multiple factors and there are frequently several possible options with a lack of a defined \"correct or incorrect\" choice. Our goal was to develop a teaching tool to engage the students through the decision-making processes associated with antimicrobial drug selection in cats and dogs, designed to align with the CBVE competency of explaining a justification. We developed a series of small animal case vignettes with a set of antimicrobial choices. The students use a visual analogue scale (VAS) to indicate the relative safety and/or efficacy of the drug in question; they also provide a written justification for their selection. Student responses are anonymized and downloaded for instructor review. The instructor categorizes the frequency of selections according to the labeled quartiles and displays the results as a bar graph during the classroom session and selects some written justifications for the class to view as a group. Practical considerations for tool implementation include considerations of the curriculum, time spent reviewing individual answers, and the tool's utility as a supplementary aid to foster more student discourse about topics in pharmacology. Overall, the VAS tool has the potential to aid in generating discussion in clinical contexts where there is not a single best answer.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148265117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral Presentations 口头报告

IF 1.4 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70079