Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献_第4页

Patrick De Backer—Obituary 帕特里克·德·贝克尔——讣告。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13501

Siska Croubels, Mathias Devreese

引用次数: 0

Plasma and Urine Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Injectable Omeprazole Following Intramuscular Administrations to Healthy Thoroughbred Horses 肌肉注射长效奥美拉唑对健康纯种马的血浆和尿液药代动力学。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13494

Caitlin Harding, Marjaana Viljanto, Pamela Hincks, Jocelyn Habershon-Butcher, Stuart W. Paine

{"title":"Plasma and Urine Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Injectable Omeprazole Following Intramuscular Administrations to Healthy Thoroughbred Horses","authors":"Caitlin Harding, Marjaana Viljanto, Pamela Hincks, Jocelyn Habershon-Butcher, Stuart W. Paine","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13494","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13494","url":null,"abstract":"Omeprazole is a gastric acid secretion inhibitor used as an effective anti-ulcer drug. Based on oral administration studies, its International Screening Limit (ISL) was established in plasma and urine at 1 ng/mL with a Detection Time (DT) of 48 h. A novel formulation of injectable omeprazole has since been released, and therefore, a pharmacokinetic study was performed to assess the DT above the ISL against current advice. Six Thoroughbred horses were given four repeated weekly intramuscular administrations of omeprazole (4 mg/kg). Plasma and urine omeprazole concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Based on the current plasma and urine ISL (1 ng/mL), the DT for this long-acting omeprazole formulation administered at 4 mg/kg once per week is greater than 384 h (16 days) in both plasma and urine. Thus realistically, despite the appeal of giving an injection once per week rather than oral medication daily over a long period of time, this would make treatment for horses in training with the long-acting product challenging within the rules of racing. It would therefore most likely be used for horses outside of training, and the oral formulation would still be legitimately used during training.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 3","pages":"155-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvp.13494","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotype-Specific Semi-Mechanistic Modelling of Florfenicol Time-Kill Curves in G. Parasuis Compared to Other Respiratory Pathogens. 与其他呼吸道病原体相比，副猪螺旋体氟苯尼考时间杀伤曲线的表型特异性半机制建模。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13500

Andrew Mead, Abigail Hughes, Stefano Azzariti, Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ludovic Pelligand

{"title":"Phenotype-Specific Semi-Mechanistic Modelling of Florfenicol Time-Kill Curves in G. Parasuis Compared to Other Respiratory Pathogens.","authors":"Andrew Mead, Abigail Hughes, Stefano Azzariti, Pierre-Louis Toutain, Ludovic Pelligand","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13500","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the pharmacodynamics (PD) of florfenicol (FFN) for treating porcine respiratory diseases by comparing its effects on Glaesserella parasuis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. In vitro time-kill assays and semi-mechanistic PD modeling were used to assess bacterial growth and killing rates at varying FFN concentrations. Species-specific PD models indicated that fAUC/MIC was the best PK/PD index across all species. A. pleuropneumoniae and P. multocida had target values of 1.05 and 1.66 × MIC, respectively for bacteriostasis and 1.12 and 1.87 × MIC for 99.9% kill. Two phenotypes of G. parasuis emerged \"fast-kill\" and \"slow-kill\" which displayed distinct bacterial eradication rates despite similar MICs. For \"slow-kill\" isolates, an average free drug concentration (fAUC/MIC) of 1.46 and 1.63 × MIC (median, range: 1.53-1.69) was required for bacteriostasis and 99.9% kill. \"Fast-kill\" isolates needed an average free drug concentration of 1.38 × MIC for bacteriostasis and 1.51 × MIC for a 99.9% reduction. Indicating that the rate of kill influences the respective average free concentration required to achieve an equivalent antibacterial effect. Simulations of clinical dosing of FFN predicted bacterial eradication for all species, highlighting the value of phenotype-specific PD modeling in guiding treatment strategies for porcine respiratory infections.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics and Physiological Effects of a Single Oral Dose of Oxycodone in Healthy Dogs: A Pilot Study 健康犬单次口服羟考酮的药代动力学和生理效应：一项初步研究。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13499

Erika Militana, Wayne Schwark, Amanda Flanagan, Ziyu Pan, Elizabeth Riley, Colleen Sorge, Robin D. Gleed, Jordyn M. Boesch

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and Physiological Effects of a Single Oral Dose of Oxycodone in Healthy Dogs: A Pilot Study","authors":"Erika Militana, Wayne Schwark, Amanda Flanagan, Ziyu Pan, Elizabeth Riley, Colleen Sorge, Robin D. Gleed, Jordyn M. Boesch","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13499","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13499","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Oxycodone, a full mu opioid receptor agonist prescribed for moderate-to-severe pain in people, could provide outpatient analgesia for dogs with post-operative or cancer pain. To determine the pharmacokinetic profile and physiological side effects of a single oral (PO) dose, five healthy, 2-year-old, castrated male hounds were administered a standard amount of food, with or without immediate-release oxycodone (1 mg/kg), in random order, separated by 1 month. At intervals between 0.25 and 8 h later, blood was sampled to measure plasma oxycodone concentration using ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection, and vital signs were evaluated. Pharmacokinetic variables were estimated using noncompartmental analysis. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 58.6 (39.3, 61.6) ng/mL, time to maximal plasma concentration (tmax) was 1.5 (0.5, 2.0) h, elimination half-life (t1/2el) was 2.6 (2.0, 6.7) h, area under the curve from time 0 to last measurement (AUC0-t) was 236.1 (204.6, 256.0) ng-h/mL, and mean residence time (MRT) was 3.9 (3.4, 9.8) h. Computer simulations using the calculated pharmacokinetic data predicted that 1 mg/kg PO every 6 h would achieve peak (Cmax) and trough (minimum plasma concentration, Cmin) of 69.4 (60.8, 74.6) and 17.0 (15.5, 46.7), respectively, at steady state. Assuming minimum effective analgesic concentration is similar in humans and dogs (~25 mg/mL), therapeutic concentrations were achieved, but administration more frequently than every 6 h would be necessary. Oxycodone produced a significantly lower rectal temperature 1 and 4 h after administration.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 3","pages":"146-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factoring fu Variability Into Estimates of Unbound Drug Concentrations Negatively Biases the MIC Versus % Probability of Target Attainment Relationship of Antimicrobial Agents 在估计非结合药物浓度时，考虑变异因素对抗菌药物目标达成关系的MIC与%概率产生负偏倚。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13498

Marilyn N. Martinez, Mark G. Papich, Pierre-Louis Toutain

{"title":"Factoring fu Variability Into Estimates of Unbound Drug Concentrations Negatively Biases the MIC Versus % Probability of Target Attainment Relationship of Antimicrobial Agents","authors":"Marilyn N. Martinez, Mark G. Papich, Pierre-Louis Toutain","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13498","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13498","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 The clinical breakpoint for a drug–pathogen combination reflects the drug susceptibility of the pathogen wild-type population, the location of the infection, the integrity of the host immune response, and the drug–pathogen pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) relationship. That PK/PD relationship, along with the population variability in drug exposure, is used to determine the probability of target attainment (PTA) of the PK/PD index at a specified minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a selected target value. The PTA is used to identify the pharmacodynamic cutoff value (COPD), which is one of the three components used to establish the clinical breakpoint. A challenge encountered when defining the COPD is that the available PK information typically reflects total (free plus protein-bound) plasma concentrations. However, it is the unbound drug concentrations that exert the therapeutic effects and how the population fraction unbound (fu) incorporated into the COPD assessments can markedly influence the COPD. Factors examined included the estimated population fu mean (risk of bias) and the incorporation of estimated fu population variability into the Monte Carlo simulations when converting total to unbound plasma concentrations (risk of inflating variability). In this in silico study, the drug fu, systemic clearance, and the variability of both were altered so that the relative impact of each could be explored. We demonstrate that incorporating fu variability into the estimation of fAUCback can bias the COPD assessment and that the magnitude of bias reflects the relative variability in systemic clearance and fu.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 3","pages":"180-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biosafety and Withdrawal Period of In-Feed Administered Antiparasitic Drug Emamectin Benzoate in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822) 饲料中使用的抗寄生虫药物苯甲酸酯的生物安全性和停药期（Hamilton, 1822）。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13495

H. G. Solanki, A. Verma, H. K. Solanki, R. A. Raja, S. Avunje, B. J. Trangadia, S. K. Panda, P. K. Patil

{"title":"Biosafety and Withdrawal Period of In-Feed Administered Antiparasitic Drug Emamectin Benzoate in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822)","authors":"H. G. Solanki, A. Verma, H. K. Solanki, R. A. Raja, S. Avunje, B. J. Trangadia, S. K. Panda, P. K. Patil","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13495","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13495","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Parasitic infestations are one of the most economically important disease conditions in the Indian major carps including mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala. This study reported the biosafety and tissue withdrawal of in-feed administered antiparasitic drug, emamectin benzoate (EMB). To evaluate the biosafety of the drug, behaviour, growth and tissue changes in Cirrhinus mrigala was recorded the following in-feed administration of EMB up to 10 times (T1–50 μg kg−1 fish day−1 (1×), T2–125 μg kg−1 fish day−1 (2.5×), T3–250 μg kg−1 fish day−1 (5×), T4–375 μg kg−1 fish day−1 (7.5×) and T5–500 μg kg−1 fish day−1 (10×)) for the period of three times the recommended duration (7 days). The withdrawal period was calculated by feeding EMB at 50 μg kg−1 fish day−1 for consecutive 10 days followed by EMB-free feed. The results revealed that the drug is safe to mrigal up to ten times the recommended dose, while the fish fed with the highest dose (500 μg kg−1 fish day−1) showed transient histological alterations. The feeding behaviour is affected with poor acceptability beyond 5× dosages. The drug residue at the concentration below the MRL (1.0 μg g−1) in the muscle tissue on the day of cessation of medicated feed administration indicates no requirement of the withdrawal period. The study suggests that EMB can be safely used at 50 μg kg−1 fish day−1 for 7 consecutive days, and no withdrawal period is required without affecting the feeding behaviour and tissue histological alterations.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 2","pages":"123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in Ctenopharyngodon idella Based on the Sparse Sampling Method and a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model Following Intravenous and Oral Administration 基于稀疏抽样法和非线性混合效应模型的恩诺沙星在海参体内静脉和口服药代动力学

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13497

Ning Xu, Huan Zhang, Shun Zhou, Yongtao Liu, Qiuhong Yang, Jing Dong, Yongzhen Ding, Xiaohui Ai

{"title":"Population Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in Ctenopharyngodon idella Based on the Sparse Sampling Method and a Nonlinear Mixed Effect Model Following Intravenous and Oral Administration","authors":"Ning Xu, Huan Zhang, Shun Zhou, Yongtao Liu, Qiuhong Yang, Jing Dong, Yongzhen Ding, Xiaohui Ai","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13497","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13497","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 The objective of this study was to implement population pharmacokinetic (PPK) of enrofloxacin (EF) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after a single oral administration and a single intravenous administration based on a nonlinear mixed effect model. The plasma samples collected by the sparse sampling method were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector. The initial pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were evaluated by reference search and the calculation of a naïve pooled method. After oral administration, the concentration–time profile was best described by a one-compartment open model. The absorption rate constant (Ka), apparent distribution volume (V), and systemic clearance (CL) were estimated to be 3.11/h, 4.36 L/kg, and 0.079 L/h/kg, respectively. After intravenous administration, the concentration–time curve was best simulated by a two-compartment open model. The apparent distribution volume of the central compartment (V1), apparent distribution volume of the peripheral compartment (V2), CL, and clearance from the central compartment to the peripheral compartment (CL2) were estimated to be 0.42, 2.05 L/kg, 0.067, and 2.94 L/h/kg, respectively. Finally, the bioavailability was calculated to be 84.81%. The parameter of AUC/minimum inhibitory concentration value was estimated to be more than 506.32 for Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, and Flavobacterium columnare indicating that EF at 20 mg/kg has high effectiveness for these pathogens. This study supported a concise method for conducting PK study in aquatic animals that facilitated the development of PK methodology in aquaculture.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 3","pages":"201-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of Procaine, With and Without Epinephrine, Compared to Lidocaine in Local Anesthesia for Calves Before Thermocautery Disbudding 普鲁卡因（含或不含肾上腺素）与利多卡因在小牛热烙术开膛前局部麻醉中的疗效比较。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13493

Magdy Adam, Annemari Jokela, Kati Salla, Riikka Aho, Marja Raekallio, Laura Hänninen, Ann-Helena Hokkanen

{"title":"Efficacy of Procaine, With and Without Epinephrine, Compared to Lidocaine in Local Anesthesia for Calves Before Thermocautery Disbudding","authors":"Magdy Adam, Annemari Jokela, Kati Salla, Riikka Aho, Marja Raekallio, Laura Hänninen, Ann-Helena Hokkanen","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13493","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13493","url":null,"abstract":"Within the European Union, the use of lidocaine in food-producing animals is restricted due to concerns over human safety. This study compared the clinical effectiveness of procaine, with and without epinephrine, against lidocaine in pain alleviation during thermocautery disbudding in xylazine-sedated calves. The efficacy of local blocks was assessed through needle pricks, and the behavioral reactions to disbudding were scored. Post-disbudding pain was subjectively evaluated, and pressure pain threshold and tactile sensitivity around the horn bud were assessed at intervals. Blood was collected at intervals for plasma cortisol analysis. No significant differences were found between the groups in the needle prick test (p = 0.329) and the disbudding score (p = 0.855). Pain scores and quantitative sensory tests showed no significant differences between the lidocaine and procaine-epinephrine groups. Conversely, tactile sensitivity and pain scores were significantly higher, and pressure pain thresholds were significantly lower with procaine alone than in other groups. Elevated cortisol concentrations were observed in all groups before disbudding compared to the baselines. The results suggest that procaine combined with epinephrine appears to be a safe and effective alternative to lidocaine for calf disbudding. Cortisol concentrations as an indicator of pain in xylazine-sedated calves appear inadequate.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 3","pages":"170-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvp.13493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of a Compounded Levetiracetam Formulation and Bioequivalence to a Commercial Formulation in Healthy Dogs 健康犬体内左乙拉西坦复方制剂的单剂量药代动力学以及与商用制剂的生物等效性。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13490

Aaron M. Paushter, Kari D. Foss, Jennifer M. Reinhart, Lauren E. Forsythe, Devon W. Hague

{"title":"The Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of a Compounded Levetiracetam Formulation and Bioequivalence to a Commercial Formulation in Healthy Dogs","authors":"Aaron M. Paushter, Kari D. Foss, Jennifer M. Reinhart, Lauren E. Forsythe, Devon W. Hague","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13490","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.13490","url":null,"abstract":"Levetiracetam (LEV) is an anti-epileptic drug used extra-label in dogs. Commercially available extended-release formulations (LEV-ER), administered twice daily, cannot be crushed or split, limiting their use in small dogs. A compounded LEV-ER formulation (PO-COMP) can purportedly be partitioned without loss of extended-release properties. The aims of this study were to establish the pharmacokinetic parameters of PO-COMP, divided at the tablet score, and determine the bioequivalence of partitioned PO-COMP to an intact commercially available Food and Drug Administration-approved human oral generic formulation of LEV-ER (PO-COMM). In a randomized crossover design, 12 healthy dogs received a single IV dose (30 mg/kg) of IV-COMM, a single oral dose (500 mg) of intact PO-COMM, or a single oral dose (500 mg) of partitioned PO-COMP and underwent serial measurement of plasma LEV concentrations over 24 h. PO-COMP was bioequivalent to PO-COMM using the 90% confidence interval method for maximum concentration (−3.2% difference [CI −7.4% to −1.1%]) and area under the curve (−14.4% difference [CI −17.8% to 10.8%]). PO-COMP may improve medication adherence and seizure control relative to immediate-release LEV, which requires three times daily dosing. Efficacy studies of PO-COMP are warranted.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":"48 2","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvp.13490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetic Studies in Sea Turtles: A Review 海龟体内的抗菌药物代谢动力学研究：综述。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13492

Eric F. Egelund, Alana Jula, Kathleen Rish, Anthony M. Casapao

引用次数: 0