Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献

Efficacy of Procaine, With and Without Epinephrine, Compared to Lidocaine in Local Anesthesia for Calves Before Thermocautery Disbudding. 普鲁卡因（含或不含肾上腺素）与利多卡因在小牛热烙术开膛前局部麻醉中的疗效比较。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13493

Magdy Adam, Annemari Jokela, Kati Salla, Riikka Aho, Marja Raekallio, Laura Hänninen, Ann-Helena Hokkanen

{"title":"Efficacy of Procaine, With and Without Epinephrine, Compared to Lidocaine in Local Anesthesia for Calves Before Thermocautery Disbudding.","authors":"Magdy Adam, Annemari Jokela, Kati Salla, Riikka Aho, Marja Raekallio, Laura Hänninen, Ann-Helena Hokkanen","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13493","url":null,"abstract":"Within the European Union, the use of lidocaine in food-producing animals is restricted due to concerns over human safety. This study compared the clinical effectiveness of procaine, with and without epinephrine, against lidocaine in pain alleviation during thermocautery disbudding in xylazine-sedated calves. The efficacy of local blocks was assessed through needle pricks, and the behavioral reactions to disbudding were scored. Post-disbudding pain was subjectively evaluated, and pressure pain threshold and tactile sensitivity around the horn bud were assessed at intervals. Blood was collected at intervals for plasma cortisol analysis. No significant differences were found between the groups in the needle prick test (p = 0.329) and the disbudding score (p = 0.855). Pain scores and quantitative sensory tests showed no significant differences between the lidocaine and procaine-epinephrine groups. Conversely, tactile sensitivity and pain scores were significantly higher, and pressure pain thresholds were significantly lower with procaine alone than in other groups. Elevated cortisol concentrations were observed in all groups before disbudding compared to the baselines. The results suggest that procaine combined with epinephrine appears to be a safe and effective alternative to lidocaine for calf disbudding. Cortisol concentrations as an indicator of pain in xylazine-sedated calves appear inadequate.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of a Compounded Levetiracetam Formulation and Bioequivalence to a Commercial Formulation in Healthy Dogs. 健康犬体内左乙拉西坦复方制剂的单剂量药代动力学以及与商用制剂的生物等效性。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13490

Aaron M Paushter, Kari D Foss, Jennifer M Reinhart, Lauren E Forsythe, Devon W Hague

{"title":"The Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of a Compounded Levetiracetam Formulation and Bioequivalence to a Commercial Formulation in Healthy Dogs.","authors":"Aaron M Paushter, Kari D Foss, Jennifer M Reinhart, Lauren E Forsythe, Devon W Hague","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13490","url":null,"abstract":"Levetiracetam (LEV) is an anti-epileptic drug used extra-label in dogs. Commercially available extended-release formulations (LEV-ER), administered twice daily, cannot be crushed or split, limiting their use in small dogs. A compounded LEV-ER formulation (PO-COMP) can purportedly be partitioned without loss of extended-release properties. The aims of this study were to establish the pharmacokinetic parameters of PO-COMP, divided at the tablet score, and determine the bioequivalence of partitioned PO-COMP to an intact commercially available Food and Drug Administration-approved human oral generic formulation of LEV-ER (PO-COMM). In a randomized crossover design, 12 healthy dogs received a single IV dose (30 mg/kg) of IV-COMM, a single oral dose (500 mg) of intact PO-COMM, or a single oral dose (500 mg) of partitioned PO-COMP and underwent serial measurement of plasma LEV concentrations over 24 h. PO-COMP was bioequivalent to PO-COMM using the 90% confidence interval method for maximum concentration (-3.2% difference [CI -7.4% to -1.1%]) and area under the curve (-14.4% difference [CI -17.8% to 10.8%]). PO-COMP may improve medication adherence and seizure control relative to immediate-release LEV, which requires three times daily dosing. Efficacy studies of PO-COMP are warranted.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetic Studies in Sea Turtles: A Review. 海龟体内的抗菌药物代谢动力学研究：综述。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13492

Eric F Egelund, Alana Jula, Kathleen Rish, Anthony M Casapao

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of Salbutamol in Thoroughbred Horses After a Single Intravenous or Inhaled Administration. 沙丁胺醇在纯血马体内单次静脉注射或吸入后的药代动力学。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13491

Motoi Nomura, Taisuke Kuroda, Minoru Ohta, Kanichi Kusano, Yohei Minamijima, Shunichi Nagata

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Salbutamol in Thoroughbred Horses After a Single Intravenous or Inhaled Administration.","authors":"Motoi Nomura, Taisuke Kuroda, Minoru Ohta, Kanichi Kusano, Yohei Minamijima, Shunichi Nagata","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13491","url":null,"abstract":"Salbutamol is a short-acting and selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist. Inhaled (IH) administration of salbutamol is widely used to control lower respiratory tract disease in horses. Here, we estimated the pharmacokinetic parameters of salbutamol after a single intravenous (IV) or IH administration in six horses, and we statistically analysed the detection times with various dosing regimens. Plasma and urine concentrations of salbutamol were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and data were modelled by using a nonlinear mixed effect model followed by Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). With IH salbutamol, the maximum plasma concentration was 0.12 ± 0.06 ng/mL at 0.29 ± 0.17 h after administration. Typical values were, for clearance, 1.53 L/kg/h; distribution volume at steady state, 5.43 L/kg; terminal half-life, 6.06 h; IH bioavailability, 19.0%; and urine to plasma ratio, 2057. Statistically estimated 95th percentile detection times in the urine at levels below the international screening limit (0.5 ng/mL) proposed by the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities, as simulated in 5000 horses by MCS, were 44 h after 1.6 μg/kg q 24 and 54 h after 1.6 μg/kg q 4 h over a 3-day IH administration period.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous and Subcutaneous Omeprazole in Sheep and Goats. 绵羊和山羊静脉注射和皮下注射奥美拉唑的药代动力学比较

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13489

Firas Serih, Charbel Fadel, Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska, Andrzej Lisowski, Amnart Poapolathep, Mario Giorgi

{"title":"Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous and Subcutaneous Omeprazole in Sheep and Goats.","authors":"Firas Serih, Charbel Fadel, Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska, Andrzej Lisowski, Amnart Poapolathep, Mario Giorgi","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13489","url":null,"abstract":"Abomasal ulcers are a challenge in animal farming, affecting health, welfare, and productivity. Omeprazole's (OPZ) efficacy in treating these ulcers is known, but data on its pharmacokinetics (PK) in adult goats and sheep are lacking. The purpose of this research was to investigate and contrast OPZ's PK in these animals following a single intravenous (IV, 1 mg/kg) and subcutaneous (SC, 2 mg/kg) doses. Sheep and goats had similar exposure levels for all administration routes, with no significant AUC(0-∞)D variations. Half-life was short in both species (sheep: 0.20 h; goats: 0.31 h). Goats had a higher volume of distribution after IV administration. Clearance was rapid, and extraction ratio values were high for both goats and sheep (43% and 30%, respectively). SC administration showed similarities in Cmax and Tmax values between species. Both goats and sheep had high bioavailability (about 80%) levels and comparable mean absorption times (MAT). Despite some PK parameters' variances, systemic exposure to OPZ is similar in sheep and goats. SC administration's high bioavailability suggests it as a convenient field application route. Further investigations are needed to understand OPZ's effectiveness in small ruminants with abomasal ulcers and improve dosing regimens for clinical use.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142503012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous Eprinomectin in Plasma and Milk in Dry Dairy Cattle. 干奶牛血浆和牛奶中皮下注射埃普瑞诺菌素的药代动力学。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13488

Ranee A Miller, Tyana S McCluney, Jennifer L Halleran, Ronald E Baynes, Derek M Foster

{"title":"The Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous Eprinomectin in Plasma and Milk in Dry Dairy Cattle.","authors":"Ranee A Miller, Tyana S McCluney, Jennifer L Halleran, Ronald E Baynes, Derek M Foster","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13488","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitic infections in dairy cattle reduce herd immunity, milk production, and conception rates. This leads to higher production costs, compromised animal welfare, and increased interest in extralabel drug use. The extralabel use of anthelmintics poses food safety risks for consumers since appropriate withdrawal intervals in milk have yet to be established. Although topical eprinomectin has no milk withdrawal time, more research is needed to determine the residues present in milk after subcutaneous administration. This study aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics of injectable eprinomectin in dry dairy cows. We hypothesized that, when given at the labeled dose, eprinomectin residues in dry dairy cattle would be below the FDA milk tolerance at the onset of lactation. Plasma was collected daily from 13 mature dairy cattle for 7 days postadministration, followed by periodic samples for 90 days. After calving, milk was collected daily until 90 days. Eprinomectin concentrations were measured using HPLC-fluorescence detection. The maximum eprinomectin concentration in plasma and milk was approximately 36 ng/mL 43 h after administration and 3 ng/mL at the onset of lactation, respectively. The low eprinomectin levels in milk collected from these lactating dairy cattle suggest that administering eprinomectin at dry-off is unlikely to result in violative residues. However, subcutaneous eprinomectin in lactating dairy cattle would be hard to justify unless there is evidence that the approved topical formulation is clinically ineffective.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142503013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to Correspondence on 'Analysis of US Marketed Artemisinin Supplements for Use in Dogs'. 对 "美国市场上供犬使用的青蒿素补充剂分析 "信函的答复。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13487

Alyssa R Berman, Adam J Birkenheuer, Emily L Sorah, Mark G Papich

引用次数: 0

Correspondence on Analysis of US Marketed Artemisinin Supplements for Use in Dogs. 关于美国市场上供犬使用的青蒿素补充剂分析的通信。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13486

Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit

引用次数: 0

Detection and Analysis of Florfenicol Residues and Metabolites in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Tissues Post-Oral Administration in Tropical Waters. 热带水域口服氟苯尼考后尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）组织中氟苯尼考残留和代谢物的检测与分析。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13485

Anna Paula R Queiroga, Gabriela F P Souza, Jonas Augusto R Paschoal, Airton Gonçalves Salles, Michael Schloter, Inácio Mateus Assane, Fabiana Pilarski, André Tadeu Gotardo, Silvana Lima Górniak, Susanne Rath

{"title":"Detection and Analysis of Florfenicol Residues and Metabolites in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Tissues Post-Oral Administration in Tropical Waters.","authors":"Anna Paula R Queiroga, Gabriela F P Souza, Jonas Augusto R Paschoal, Airton Gonçalves Salles, Michael Schloter, Inácio Mateus Assane, Fabiana Pilarski, André Tadeu Gotardo, Silvana Lima Górniak, Susanne Rath","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13485","url":null,"abstract":"Water temperature is a critical environmental parameter that significantly influences fish metabolism. This study assessed the metabolism of florfenicol (FF) in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at water temperatures typical of tropical and subtropical regions. Fish were treated with FF by oral administration of a dose of 10 mg kg-1 bw for 10 consecutive days. Fish fillet, liver, and kidney were sampled during the treatment phase (1, 5, and 10 days) and posttreatment (1, 2, 3, and 5 days after the last FF administration). FF, florfenicol amine (FFA), monochloro florfenicol (FFCl), and florfenicol alcohol (FFOH) were determined in the sampled tissues using a validated LC-LC-MS/MS method. The highest FF, FFA, and FFOH concentrations were determined on day 5 during the treatment phase. For FF, the concentration order is kidney > liver > fillet, while for the metabolites FFOH and FFA, the order is liver > kidney > fillet. In fillet and liver, the concentrations of FFOH were higher than the FFA concentrations, indicating that FFOH was the primary metabolite in these tissues. FFCl was only quantified at concentrations lower than 90 μg kg-1 in all tissues. The results indicated that FF can be readily absorbed and rapidly eliminated in tilapia cultivated in warm water environments. This study revealed FFOH as the primary and most persistent metabolite in tilapia farmed in warm water, followed by FFA.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Residues, and Withdrawal Times of Florfenicol in Chukar Partridges (Alectoris chukar). 楚卡鹧鸪（Alectoris chukar）体内氟苯尼考的药代动力学、组织残留和撤药时间。

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13484

Sara Busra Yardimci, Fatih Sakin, Orhan Corum

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Residues, and Withdrawal Times of Florfenicol in Chukar Partridges (Alectoris chukar).","authors":"Sara Busra Yardimci, Fatih Sakin, Orhan Corum","doi":"10.1111/jvp.13484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13484","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine after a single (30 mg/kg) intravenous (IV) and oral administration of florfenicol in chukar partridges. It also aimed to investigate tissue residue and withdrawal time of florfenicol after multiple-dose (30 mg/kg, every 24 h for 5 days) oral administration. The research was carried out in two stages: pharmacokinetics and residue. Plasma and tissue concentrations of florfenicol and florfenicol amine were determined by HPLC. The elimination half-life of florfenicol was 5.25 h for IV and 5.44 h for oral. The volume of distribution at a steady state and total body clearance of florfenicol were 0.38 L/kg and 0.07 L/h/kg, respectively, after IV administration. The peak plasma concentration and bioavailability for oral administration were 45.26 ± 4.06 and 51.55%, respectively. After multiple-dose oral administration, the highest concentration was detected in the liver (9.21 μg/g) for florfenicol and in the kidney (0.67 μg/g) for florfeniol amine. The calculated withdrawal period of florfenicol was determined as 6, 3, 4, and 5 days for muscle, liver, kidney, and skin + fat, respectively. These data indicate that a 6-day WT after multiple-dose administration of florfenicol in chukar partridges can be considered safe for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0