Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献

Plasma and Urine Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Pridinol in Thoroughbreds for Its Medication Control. 纯种马静脉注射普利地诺的血浆和尿液药动学及用药控制。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70029

Yohei Minamijima, Taisuke Kuroda, Atsushi Okano, Ai Wakuno, Reiko Yuasa, Yuhiro Ishikawa, Motoi Nomura, Kenji Kinoshita, Masayuki Yamada

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of Remimazolam Versus Midazolam After Intravenous Administration to Horses. 静脉给药雷马唑仑与咪达唑仑的药代动力学。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70030

Masafumi Kawashima, Taisuke Kuroda, Yohei Minamijima, Yosuke Yamazaki, Hiroshi Mita, Motoi Nomura, Minoru Ohta

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Remimazolam Versus Midazolam After Intravenous Administration to Horses.","authors":"Masafumi Kawashima, Taisuke Kuroda, Yohei Minamijima, Yosuke Yamazaki, Hiroshi Mita, Motoi Nomura, Minoru Ohta","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70030","url":null,"abstract":"Remimazolam (RMZ) is a new short-half-life benzodiazepine used in humans. We compared the pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of RMZ with those of midazolam (MDZ) in Thoroughbred horses. Six Thoroughbreds received a single IV dose of RMZ 0.05 mg/kg or MDZ 0.05 mg/kg in a randomized crossover design. Blood samples were collected, and plasma RMZ and MDZ concentrations were measured by LC-MS/MS. Plasma concentrations were analyzed by using non-compartmental analysis and a nonlinear mixed effect model. The half-life of RMZ (0.77 ± 0.15 h) was significantly shorter than that of MDZ (3.7 ± 0.3 h). The bootstrap estimates of the parameters (mean ± SD) for RMZ and MDZ were 14.0 ± 1.1 L/kg/h and 0.45 ± 0.02 L/kg/h for clearance; 2.01 ± 0.26 L/kg and 1.31 ± 0.10 L/kg for the distribution volume of steady state. RMZ clearance was significantly higher than MDZ clearance in a comparison of post hoc values for the six horses. Wobble, observed as muscle relaxation/ataxia and a diminished stimulus response to RMZ, was observed from immediately after administration until 5 min later; the response generally disappeared after 10 min. Clinical trials will determine the place of RMZ in total intravenous anesthesia for rapid and smooth recovery in horses.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Need for a Revision of Fluoroquinolone Breakpoints for Interpretation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Feline Bacterial Isolates. 修订氟喹诺酮类药物断点解释猫细菌分离株药敏试验的必要性

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70028

Mark G Papich, Lacie A Gunnett, Marilyn N Martinez

{"title":"The Need for a Revision of Fluoroquinolone Breakpoints for Interpretation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Feline Bacterial Isolates.","authors":"Mark G Papich, Lacie A Gunnett, Marilyn N Martinez","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70028","url":null,"abstract":"The fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, were approved in the United States for cats in 1990 and 2001, respectively. In 2023, revised breakpoints for testing isolates from dogs were published. These canine breakpoints are discordant with the current feline breakpoints. This study was aimed at suggesting new feline breakpoints using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) approach and new pharmacokinetic data. The PK-PD derived cutoff values (COPD) were compared to microbiologic data available for testing the susceptibility of targeted pathogens since the original approval. Compared to the current Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints for enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin in cats, these revised breakpoints are lower by two dilutions for the Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus spp., and Pasteurella multocida. Isolates that may have previously tested susceptible (S) may test resistant (R) using these suggested breakpoints. We also are suggesting a susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) category for testing marbofloxacin against these isolates from cats that allows for a higher dose. These suggested breakpoints may be considered by laboratories, standard-setting organizations, and industry sponsors of these antimicrobials for testing common bacteria isolated from cats.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in Plasma Exposure of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiolic Acid Following Oral Administration to Horses. 马口服大麻二酚和大麻二酸后血浆暴露的差异。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70027

Carl Ekstrand, Peter Michanek, Elin Hernlund, Ronette Gehring, Kristin Spjut, Matilda Salomonsson

{"title":"Differences in Plasma Exposure of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiolic Acid Following Oral Administration to Horses.","authors":"Carl Ekstrand, Peter Michanek, Elin Hernlund, Ronette Gehring, Kristin Spjut, Matilda Salomonsson","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70027","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a growing interest in the use of cannabinoids in horses in recent years. Several studies have reported on the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) in horses. However, cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) has received less attention, despite limited evidence suggesting clinically beneficial effects in other species. Horses were administered 3 mg/kg of CBD, 3 mg/kg of CBDA, and a placebo per os in a crossover design, with a one-week washout period between treatments. Plasma and urine samples were collected and analyzed using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometric. Observed CBDA plasma concentrations were up to 67 times higher, and the CBDA area under the plasma concentration-time curve was up to 36 times larger than those of CBD. Median terminal half-lives in plasma were 7.8 h for CBD and 5.3 h for CBDA. Both compounds were detectable in plasma for up to 72 h. In urine, CBD and CBDA were detectable for 168 and 72 h, respectively. The results suggest greater intestinal uptake or lower first-pass metabolism/clearance of CBDA compared to CBD. Given the poor oral bioavailability of CBD in horses, CBDA may hold greater clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CBDA in horses.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics and Withdrawal Period of Oxolinic Acid in Silver Pompano Following In-Feed Administration of the Recommended Therapeutic Dose. 在饲料中给予推荐治疗剂量后，氧喹啉酸在Pompano银中的药代动力学和停药期。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70026

Sumithra Thangalazhy Gopakumar, Krupesha Sharma Sulumane Ramachandra, Ambarish Purackattu Gop, Ashily Nelson Sunitha, Aparna Sankarankutty, Lakshmi Rajeev, Sudharsan Kalappurakkal Santhoshkumar, Ranjit Kumar Nadella, R Rajisha, Niladri S Chatterjee, Gayathri Suresh, Santhosh Bhaskaran Pillai, Prasannakumar Patil

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and Withdrawal Period of Oxolinic Acid in Silver Pompano Following In-Feed Administration of the Recommended Therapeutic Dose.","authors":"Sumithra Thangalazhy Gopakumar, Krupesha Sharma Sulumane Ramachandra, Ambarish Purackattu Gop, Ashily Nelson Sunitha, Aparna Sankarankutty, Lakshmi Rajeev, Sudharsan Kalappurakkal Santhoshkumar, Ranjit Kumar Nadella, R Rajisha, Niladri S Chatterjee, Gayathri Suresh, Santhosh Bhaskaran Pillai, Prasannakumar Patil","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70026","url":null,"abstract":"Oxolinic acid (OA) is a widely recommended antimicrobial agent for managing Gram-negative bacterial infections in aquaculture. This study investigates the pharmacokinetics and withdrawal period of OA in Trachinotus blochii, a high-value mariculture species, under tropical conditions. A single oral dose of 12 mg/kg was administered, and OA levels were quantified using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry across 12 time points from plasma, intestine, liver, kidney, and gills. Maximum concentrations (Cmax) were reached within 6 h (Tmax). Cmax (μg/Kg) followed the order: plasma (99.77) < liver (666.67) < intestine (1764.67) = gill (1776.67) = kidney (1783.33). The elimination half-life (T½) was longest in the kidney, followed by the liver and intestine, whereas plasma and gills exhibited faster elimination. Tissue/plasma ratios were 4.6 (liver), 8.4 (gill), 13.95 (kidney), and 17.12 (intestine). The results demonstrated that OA was rapidly absorbed from the intestine, distributed extensively, and eliminated quickly through renal, intestinal, and branchial routes. The kidney played a key role in OA elimination. In the withdrawal study, after 7 days of in-feed administration at the therapeutic dose, OA exceeded the recommended maximum residue limit in edible tissues at 6 h. The drug levels dropped below detectable limits within 24 h. Applying a 30% safety margin, a withdrawal period of 31.2 h (or 37.7°C- days) is recommended. The findings provide a practical framework for the responsible and effective use of OA in T. blochii mariculture, promoting aquaculture sustainability and food safety.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioavailability of Oral Ondansetron in Dogs: A Crossover Study. 口服昂丹司琼在狗体内的生物利用度：一项交叉研究。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70024

Amanda Garrick, Kristin Zersen, Daniel Gustafson, Jessica Quimby, Amanda Diaz, Sarah Shropshire

{"title":"Bioavailability of Oral Ondansetron in Dogs: A Crossover Study.","authors":"Amanda Garrick, Kristin Zersen, Daniel Gustafson, Jessica Quimby, Amanda Diaz, Sarah Shropshire","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70024","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of oral (PO) ondansetron compared to intravenous (IV) ondansetron in eight healthy client-owned dogs. Dogs were randomized to one of two protocols in a crossover design, receiving PO or IV ondansetron at a dose of 1 mg/kg on Day 0 and the opposite formulation at an equal dose on Day 7. Plasma was collected at baseline and 1, 2, 4, and 8 h post administration. Ondansetron concentrations were measured utilizing liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. For IV administration, AUC0-8h was 1181 ± 619 ng/mL*h, with all dogs having detectable plasma concentrations at all time points. For PO administration, mean Cmax was 22 ± 11.3 ng/mL and AUC0-8h was 61.7 ± 45.4 ng/mL*h, with all dogs having undetectable concentrations at various time points. Oral mean bioavailability was estimated at 5.2% ± 2.1%. Oral bioavailability of ondansetron is very low in healthy dogs, raising concern for the efficacy of ondansetron when given orally at 1 mg/kg. Future studies evaluating pharmacodynamics of ondansetron in nauseous client-owned dogs should be performed to investigate whether plasma drug concentrations are the optimal way to assess the efficacy of oral ondansetron.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of Ilunocitinib, a New Janus Kinase Inhibitor, in Dogs. 新型Janus激酶抑制剂伊洛西替尼在犬体内的药代动力学。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70022

Kirsten Boerngen, Yogini Patel, Melissa Pittorino, Céline E Toutain

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Ilunocitinib, a New Janus Kinase Inhibitor, in Dogs.","authors":"Kirsten Boerngen, Yogini Patel, Melissa Pittorino, Céline E Toutain","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70022","url":null,"abstract":"Ilunocitinib, a novel Janus kinase inhibitor, is indicated for managing pruritus and skin lesions associated with canine allergic and atopic dermatitis. Pharmacokinetics of ilunocitinib were investigated following single intravenous and oral administrations, both in fed and fasted states. Dose proportionality was assessed using oral doses ranging from 0.4 to 4.0 mg/kg, and multiple dosing was evaluated with daily oral doses of 0.8 mg/kg. Serial blood samples were collected, and plasma concentrations of ilunocitinib were measured using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Pharmacokinetic samples were also collected in field trials. Intravenous administration resulted in low plasma clearance (0.437 L/h/kg), a volume of distribution of 1.58 L/kg, and a terminal half-life of 4.4 h. Oral administration led to rapid absorption (Tmax usually ranging between 1 and 4 h) and higher bioavailability in fed dogs (80%) compared to fasted dogs (61%). The prandial effect observed in laboratory studies with single doses was not clinically relevant under field conditions. Exposure increased less than proportionally with increasing doses. No clinically relevant accumulation was observed with 0.8 mg/kg daily dosing. No sex-based differences were observed. Altogether, ilunocitinib pharmacokinetics support a once-daily oral dosing in dogs. Minimal accumulation, also confirmed in long-term studies, further supports the safety of ilunocitinib with a daily dosing regimen.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of Ampicillin Trihydrate in Plasma, Interstitial, and Peritoneal Fluid Following Intraperitoneal or Intramuscular Administration in Steers at the Beginning of a Standing Flank Laparotomy. 立腹剖腹手术开始后腹腔或肌肉注射氨苄西林在血浆、间质液和腹膜液中的药代动力学

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70023

Danielle A Mzyk, Jennifer L Halleran, Laura M Neumann, Ronald E Baynes, Derek M Foster

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Ampicillin Trihydrate in Plasma, Interstitial, and Peritoneal Fluid Following Intraperitoneal or Intramuscular Administration in Steers at the Beginning of a Standing Flank Laparotomy.","authors":"Danielle A Mzyk, Jennifer L Halleran, Laura M Neumann, Ronald E Baynes, Derek M Foster","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70023","url":null,"abstract":"Prophylactic and perioperative use of antibiotics is common prior to abdominal surgery in cattle for minimizing the risk of postoperative infections. Yet, there is little information on drug concentrations at sites of potential infections following surgical procedures. The objective of this study was to compare the concentrations in the plasma, peritoneal fluid, and interstitial fluid of ampicillin trihydrate in cattle. In a randomized design, ampicillin trihydrate, a β-lactam antibiotic, was administered to 12 healthy Holstein-Friesian steers intraoperatively via intraperitoneal (IP; n = 6) or intramuscular (IM; n = 6) injection in the cervical neck muscles at 11 mg/kg for both groups. For IP administration, ampicillin trihydrate was deposited into the abdominal cavity following an incision in the right paralumbar fossa. Steers in the IM group were administered ampicillin prior to surgical closure. Peritoneal fluid and interstitial fluid were collected using ultrafiltration probes. IP administration achieved higher concentrations in peritoneal fluid as compared to IM administration. Maximum plasma concentrations were significantly higher following IP administration (3.11 ± 2.5 μg/mL; p < 0.004) compared to the IM group (0.05 ± 10.9 μg/mL). Despite high peritoneal fluid concentrations of ampicillin, the variability in critical pharmacokinetic parameters following IP administration raises concerns about its therapeutic reliability. The correlation between intraperitoneal drug concentrations and clinical efficacy warrants further investigation.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics Study and Modelling of Amoxicillin After Intramuscular Administration in Veal Calves Suffering From Omphalitis. 肌肉注射阿莫西林对小牛犊炎的药代动力学研究及模型建立。

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70016

Morgane Moustaghfir, Bernadette Espana, Karine Hauray, Rémi Charretier, Abdessalem Hammed, Vanessa Louzier, Jean-Yves Madec, Marisa Haenni, Agnese Lupo, Caroline Prouillac

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics Study and Modelling of Amoxicillin After Intramuscular Administration in Veal Calves Suffering From Omphalitis.","authors":"Morgane Moustaghfir, Bernadette Espana, Karine Hauray, Rémi Charretier, Abdessalem Hammed, Vanessa Louzier, Jean-Yves Madec, Marisa Haenni, Agnese Lupo, Caroline Prouillac","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.70016","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to estimate plasma pharmacokinetic parameters for amoxicillin (AMX) in calves (n = 7) suffering from omphalitis after a single intramuscular (IM) administration of 8.75 mg/kg of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (AMC) (7 mg/kg of AMX and 1.75 mg/kg of clavulanic acid). Plasma samples were collected over 6 h. AMX concentrations were measured via liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A non-compartmental analysis was first used to determine pharmacokinetic parameters; then a population pharmacokinetic and a Monte Carlo simulation were performed on a hypothetical herd of 1000 calves. After a single IM administration, we observed a correlation between Cl and Vd and a high variability of PK parameters among individuals. Maximum plasma concentration was between 1.22 and 5.99 μg/mL and Tmax was between 0.75 and 2 h. The plasma concentration values of AMX fit to a one-compartment model with linear elimination and administration by extravascular route with a zero-order process (duration Tk0) with a lag time (Tlag). Results showed that the plasma concentration never reached 4 mg/L, which is the breakpoint of AMX-susceptible Escherichia coli or Pasteurella spp. isolates, even after simulation of repeated administration.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Pharmacokinetics of Sarafloxacin in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio Haematopterus) After One Single Oral Dose. 单次口服萨拉沙星在黄河鲤鱼体内的种群药动学

IF 1.7 4区农林科学

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.70021

Yue Liu, Fang Yang, Yang-Guang Jin, Yan-Ni Zhang, Long-Ji Sun, Shi-Hao Li, Yu-Xin Chen, Wen-Rui Wang, Fan Yang

{"title":"Population Pharmacokinetics of Sarafloxacin in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio Haematopterus) After One Single Oral Dose.","authors":"Yue Liu, Fang Yang, Yang-Guang Jin, Yan-Ni Zhang, Long-Ji Sun, Shi-Hao Li, Yu-Xin Chen, Wen-Rui Wang, Fan Yang","doi":"10.1111/jvp.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvp.70021","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin following a single oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) in Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) reared at 24°C, and to provide a scientific basis for its rational use in aquaculture. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein of six fish at each predetermined time point: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 46, 48, 92, 96, 120, and 144 h post-administration, using a sparse sampling design. Blood was collected only four times per fish, and six fish were sampled at each time point. Plasma concentrations of sarafloxacin were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the drug remained quantifiable in plasma up to 120 h post-administration. Population pharmacokinetic modeling was conducted using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling to characterize both the typical population parameters (fixed effects) and inter-individual variability (random effects). Covariate and covariance models were incorporated to account for variability and improve model predictability under sparse sampling conditions. The final population model estimated typical values (tv) and inter-individual coefficients of variation (CV%) for the absorption rate constant (tvKa), apparent volume of distribution (tvV), and clearance (tvCL) as 14.889 h-1 (CV: 3.04%), 31.573 L/kg (CV: 0.39%), and 2.885 L/h/kg (CV: 0.38%), respectively. Based on the calculated AUC/MIC or Cmax/MIC ratios, the current oral dosing regimen of 20 mg/kg BW appears to be effective against pathogens with MIC values below 0.05 μg/mL.","PeriodicalId":17596,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0