Journal of Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"East Asian <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i>: molecular typing and population structure.","authors":"Jun Ho Lee, Su Min Kyung, Eun-Seo Lee, Han Gyu Lee, Eun-Yeong Bok, Srinand Sreevatsan, Han Sang Yoo","doi":"10.4142/jvs.26058","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.26058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The global molecular epidemiology of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) has been well documented in North America and Europe, but the population-genetic framework of the East Asian lineages is underrepresented, hindering a complete understanding of the global genotype distribution and transmission dynamics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to establish a regional molecular-typing framework for MAP in East Asia and investigate its genetic relatedness with global lineages to explore potential intercontinental connections associated with international livestock movements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study integrated 12 newly characterized MAP isolates from South Korean ruminant herds (cattle and black goats, 2021-2024) with 34 global isolates across six continents. Genotypic characterization was performed using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) and multilocus short sequence repeat (MLSSR) approaches to evaluate the allelic diversity and subtyping resolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All South Korean isolates were identified as \"cattle-type\" (Type II) and predominantly belonged to the INRA Nouzilly MIRU-VNTR (INMV) genotype. Age-associated differences in MAP prevalence were observed among Korean ruminant herds (Fisher's exact test, <i>p</i> < 0.05), with distinct age-related patterns in beef and dairy cattle The integrated MIRU-VNTR and MLSSR approaches identified 14 and 31 distinct subtypes, respectively, with MLSSR showing superior discriminatory power (discriminatory index = 0.973 vs. 0.630 for MIRU-VNTR). This high allelic diversity in the global MLSSR dataset provided finer resolution than MIRU-VNTR for distinguishing the MAP subtypes across continents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This study provides a reference point for understanding the global diversity and distribution of MAP by bridging the genomic information gap in Asia. These findings underscore the potential of high-resolution, MLSSR-integrated surveillance as a practical tool for monitoring MAP across diverse geographical scales and for prioritizing isolates for future whole genome sequencing-based studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial psychometric evaluation of the Korean version of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory for canine osteoarthritis.","authors":"Inwoo Park, Byung-Jae Kang","doi":"10.4142/jvs.26077","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.26077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Accurate assessment of osteoarthritis-related pain in dogs requires validated, language-specific clinical metrology instruments. The absence of a Korean version of the widely used Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI) limits standardized pain assessment and outcome evaluation in Korean-speaking clinical and research settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and perform an initial psychometric evaluation of the Korean version of the CBPI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational cross-sectional study included 56 dogs with osteoarthritis and 22 healthy controls. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Convergent validity was assessed using Spearman correlations between CBPI scores and the owner-reported quality-of-life item. Discriminant validity was evaluated through group comparisons between dogs with osteoarthritis and healthy controls. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's α.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory analysis identified a dominant general pain factor (eigenvalue = 8.04; 80.4% variance). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated superior relative fit for the two-factor model (χ²/df = 2.94, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.917, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.186, standardized root mean square residual = 0.044) compared with the one-factor model (χ²/df = 4.13, CFI = 0.861, RMSEA = 0.236). CBPI scores showed significant negative correlations with quality of life in dogs with osteoarthritis (ρ = -0.516 to -0.485; corresponding 95% confidence intervals ranged from -0.710 to -0.248; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Dogs with osteoarthritis had higher CBPI total scores than healthy controls (median, 18.0 vs. 0; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Cronbach's α coefficients ranged from 0.951 to 0.968.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The Korean CBPI demonstrated excellent internal consistency and preliminary evidence of construct validity for assessing osteoarthritis-related pain in dogs, supporting its use as an owner-reported outcome measure in Korean-speaking clinical and research settings. Future longitudinal studies should evaluate its test-retest reliability and responsiveness to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primer-walking sequencing identifies predominantly noncoding TP53 variants in canine cancers.","authors":"Ramya Mathiyalagan, Chanjoong Lee, Yongsuk Jo, Jaebeom Lee, Joong-Hyun Song","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25325","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Tumor protein p53 (TP53) alterations are frequently reported in canine cancers but remain incompletely characterized due to differences in reference genomes and sequencing cost.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate a cost-efficient primer-walking approach for TP53 variant screening in dogs with spontaneous tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumor tissue (n = 10) or blood (n = 16) was collected from 26 dogs with suspected neoplasia. Interpretable TP53 sequences spanning introns and exons 2-11, excluding long intron 1 and non-protein-coding exon 1, were obtained by primer-walking polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Bidirectional reads were compared with the Ensembl ROS_Cfam_1.0 v114 reference sequence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TP53 gene sequence variations were observed in 18/26 sequenced tumor cases, including one exonic frameshift insertion and 17 noncoding variants: 13 intronic variants and 4 variants in the 5' untranslated region. Recurrent substitutions and deletions occurred in the intron 8-10 region. Variants were detected in lymphomas and carcinomas, including cases from several small breeds, but no significant association with tumor type or breed was demonstrated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Primer-walking Sanger sequencing can screen TP53 regions beyond coding exons in canine tumor samples. Matched tumor-normal sequencing is needed to determine somatic versus germline origin and to evaluate noncoding TP53 variants as potential biomarkers or drivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of intramuscular amoxicillin-florfenicol in olive flounder.","authors":"Eun-Hee Kang, Hae-Yeon Cho, Ling Gui, Ga-Yeong Lee, Eon-Bee Lee, Seung-Chun Park","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25365","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong><i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> induces severe systemic infections in olive flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>), requiring long-acting parenteral therapies to ensure optimal antimicrobial exposure. While amoxicillin trihydrate (AMXT) and florfenicol (FFC) are effective monotherapies, the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) rationale for their combined intramuscular administration remains insufficiently characterized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the PK-PD profile, synergistic activity, and therapeutic efficacy of a fixed-dose intramuscular AMXT-FFC combination against <i>E. tarda</i> in olive flounder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-kill assays were conducted. Olive flounder were administered amoxicillin (AMX, 10 mg/kg), FFC (10 mg/kg), or their combination (10 + 10 mg/kg) via intramuscular injection. PK parameters were estimated using noncompartmental analysis. PK-PD indices, including %time above MIC (%T > MIC) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/MIC, were calculated based on the combined MIC (0.5 µg/mL). Therapeutic efficacy was assessed using an dose causing 70% mortality challenge model (3.7 × 10⁶ colony-forming units [CFU]/fish).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AMXT-FFC combination exhibited synergism (ΣFIC = 0.625), achieving a ≥ 3 log₁₀ CFU/mL reduction within 24 h. Co-administration significantly elevated C_max and prolonged t_1/2, reaching 34.12 µg/mL and 33.27 h for AMX, and 31.59 µg/mL and 13.94 h for FFC, respectively. PK-PD integration showed that PK-PD indices met prespecified efficacy targets (AMX: 100% T > MIC; FFC: AUC/MIC = 1,610.82). <i>In vivo</i>, the combination significantly improved survival compared to controls (75% vs. 27.5%; relative percent survival = 65.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A single intramuscular administration of the AMXT-FFC combination provides synergistic antibacterial activity, prolongs exposure, and achieves prespecified PK-PD targets under the controlled experimental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta alleviates DNA damage during bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 infection.","authors":"Xiuyan Ding, Xiaozhen Ma, Bin Hou, Liqian Zhu","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25212","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV-1) is one of the most important viruses that infects cattle and causes significant economic losses. Understanding the critical mechanisms underlying viral pathogenesis is essential for developing novel antiviral strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if eukaryotic translation elongation factor-1 Δ (EEF1D) is involved in DNA damage repair in the presence or absence of BoAHV-1 infection by regulating the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling of P53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and γH2AX.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bovine kidney (MDBK) cells were transfected with EEF1D-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or a scrambled control siRNA, followed by either a mock infection or virus infection. The effects of EEF1D knockdown on the γH2AX protein levels, γH2AX foci formation, and 53BP1 protein expression and foci formation were evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>siRNA-mediated EEF1D depletion increased the γH2AX protein levels irrespective of a viral infection and enhanced γH2AX foci formation in BoAHV-1-infected cells. In mock-infected cells, EEF1D knockdown increased the steady-state 53BP1 protein levels and 53BP1 foci formation. In contrast, during viral productive infection, EEF1D knockdown reduced the 53BP1 protein levels despite concurrently suppressing viral protein expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>EEF1D appears to alleviate BoAHV-1-induced DNA damage, potentially by modulating 53BP1-related DDR signaling. Hence, EEF1D may be a host factor linking viral replication and DDR regulation and may contribute to BoAHV-1 pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza detected in wild bird feces, Eastern Mongolia, 2024.","authors":"Se-Hee An, Temuulen Myagmarsuren, Gyeong-Beom Heo, Hwanseok Jeong, Yong-Myung Kang, Urankhaich Dondog, Unurjavkhlan Tsogbadrakh, Youn-Jeong Lee, Erdene-Ochir Tseren-Ochir, Kwang-Nyeong Lee","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25274","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Despite ongoing intercontinental spread of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), surveillance data from Mongolia -- a critical junction between Central and East Asian migratory flyways -- remain scarce, leaving a gap in understanding how viruses move between northern breeding areas and southern wintering grounds.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to detect and genetically characterize HPAI viruses in wild bird populations in Mongolia and assess their relationship with viruses circulating in East Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Active surveillance was conducted at Ganga Lake, Mongolia, in October 2024. A total of 352 wild bird fecal samples were collected and tested for AIVs. Viral isolates were subtyped, whole-genome sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. Host species was identified using c oxidase I barcoding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen AIVs were isolated, including one clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAI virus (M9-3) from whooper swan feces. Genomic analysis revealed M9-3 had > 99% similarity with Korean and Japanese H5N1 isolates reported in late 2024 and undergone recent reassortment and disseminated through migratory flyways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This is the first detection of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 in Eastern Mongolia in a fecal sample during late autumn. These findings underscore Mongolia's importance as a sentinel location for interregional HPAI dissemination.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance profiles of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> isolates from urine samples of dogs and cats.","authors":"Dawid Jańczak, Piotr Górecki, Jakub Kędziorek, Mateusz Antecki, Olga Szaluś-Jordanow","doi":"10.4142/jvs.26007","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.26007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Enterococci are opportunistic uropathogens increasingly associated with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in companion animals, raising concerns about their virulence potential and high antimicrobial resistance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize the species distribution, virulence-associated genes, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of urinary <i>Enterococcus</i> isolates from dogs and cats with recurrent UTIs, including vancomycin resistance determinants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed 106 monomicrobial urinary <i>Enterococcus</i> isolates from 61 dogs and 45 cats with recurrent UTIs. Species identification was followed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for <i>vanA</i>, <i>vanB</i>, <i>vanC1</i>, and <i>vanC2</i> and for virulence-associated genes (<i>fsr</i>, <i>efm</i>, <i>esp</i>, <i>cylA</i>, <i>cad1</i>, <i>ace, gelE</i>, and <i>asa1</i>). The antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by disc diffusion. The associations were evaluated using univariate comparisons and multivariable analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 106 isolates, 68 (64.2%) were <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and 38 (35.8%) <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>. <i>E. faecalis</i> was more frequently isolated from cats than dogs (77.8% vs. 54.1%; odds ratio, 2.97). The virulence profiles differed according to species; <i>E. faecalis</i> was more likely to carry <i>ace</i>, <i>gelE</i>, <i>asa1</i>, <i>cylA</i>, <i>fsr</i>, and <i>esp</i>, and showed a higher overall virulence profile. The prevalence of resistance was high for erythromycin (82.1%), rifampicin (78.3%), tetracyclines (70.8%), and fluoroquinolones (~59%), with multidrug resistance detected in 84.9% of isolates. Nitrofurantoin resistance was more common in <i>E. faecium</i> than <i>E. faecalis</i> (47.4% vs. 5.9%) and was independently associated with <i>E. faecium</i> in multivariable analyses. The vancomycin-resistance gene <i>vanB</i> was detected in 2.83% of isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Recurrent UTIs in dogs and cats were associated with high rates of multidrug-resistant <i>Enterococcus</i> isolates and species-specific virulence and resistance patterns. These findings support the use of species-level identification and susceptibility testing-guided therapy to improve antibiotic stewardship and the clinical outcomes in recurrent UTIs in companion animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug resistance in protozoan blood parasites of livestock across the Middle East and North Africa.","authors":"Bashir Salim, Abdullah Sheikh, Sara B Mohammed, Saeed Alasmari","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25357","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Protozoan blood parasites, including <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i>, <i>Theileria annulata</i>, and <i>Babesia</i> spp., remain major constraints to livestock health and productivity across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Disease control relies heavily on a limited number of chemotherapeutic agents that have been used for decades, raising concern about declining efficacy and emerging drug resistance.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>This review synthesized and critically evaluated field, experimental, and molecular evidence of antiparasitic drug resistance in major protozoan blood parasites of livestock in the MENA region. A narrative review was conducted using major scientific databases to identify peer-reviewed studies published between January 2000 and December 2025. Eligible studies reported treatment outcomes, experimental drug sensitivity, or molecular resistance markers in <i>T. evansi, T. annulata,</i> or <i>Babesia</i> spp. Evidence was organized by parasite species and evidence type; meta-analysis was not performed due to heterogeneity. The most consistent evidence of confirmed drug resistance was found for <i>T. annulata</i>, where buparvaquone treatment failure is repeatedly associated with mutations in the <i>cytochrome-b</i> and <i>TaPIN1</i> genes across multiple MENA countries. For trypanosomosis, recurrent field failures and experimental resistance to diminazene and isometamidium are reported, but validated molecular markers for <i>T. evansi</i> remain unavailable. In babesiosis, reported outcomes indicate variable or incomplete responses to imidocarb and diminazene, reflecting functional treatment failure rather than confirmed genetic resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A clear mismatch exists between widespread field observations and limited molecular confirmation. Strengthened surveillance, standardized efficacy trials, rational drug use, and integrated parasite-control strategies are urgently needed in the MENA region.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Equine Rotavirus A isolated from Jeju Island, Korea.","authors":"Thanh Tam Pham, Dong-Ha Lee, Eun-Ju Ko","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25333","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Equine Rotavirus A (ERVA) is a major cause of acute diarrhea in neonatal foals, leading to significant economic losses. Genetic variation and global transmission complicate disease control efforts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the complete genome of an ERVA strain from Jeju Island, Korea, and assess its genetic and phylogenetic relationships with global ERVA strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five fecal and swab samples were collected from diarrheic horses in Jeju during spring and summer 2025. Samples were screened using antigen testing and RT-PCR. One PCR-positive, antigen-test-positive sample was selected for whole-genome sequencing. All 11 segments were amplified using segment-specific primers and sequenced by the Sanger method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Jeju isolate exhibited a G14-P[12]-I2-R2-C2-M3-A10-N2-T3-E2-H7 genome constellation, matching the globally prevalent ERVA genotypes. Most segments showed > 99% identity to a South African strain (SA1), while the VP4 segment showed higher similarity to a Japanese BI strain, suggesting a reassortment event. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the Jeju strain with isolates from South Africa and Ireland, but distinct from recent Japanese strains, indicating independent transmission patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This is the first full-genome report of ERVA from Korea. The findings confirm the presence of globally related ERVA in Korean horses and suggest complex, international transmission dynamics. Continuous molecular surveillance is essential to support effective prevention and vaccine strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a dynamic anatomical model using 3D printing for the study of TPLO surgical technique in small-breed dogs.","authors":"Anna Luiza Campos Pollon, Caio Landi Reimão, Antônio Chaves de Assis Neto","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25256","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.25256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) is a widely performed surgical technique for treating cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs. However, practical learning for this procedure faces challenges due to the lack of adequate hands-on methods.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop a dynamic anatomical phantom using three-dimensional (3D) printing and various materials to provide an efficient and safe alternative to cadavers in TPLO teaching.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phantom was designed to accurately reproduce the bone, ligament, muscle, and vascular structures of the canine stifle joint. The model was created using 3D printing and synthetic components, allowing continuous and repeatable practice while offering a clear understanding of each surgical step.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model faithfully mimics real canine anatomy, enabling detailed visualization of the structures involved in TPLO. Its anatomical precision facilitates comprehension of knee biomechanics both preoperatively and postoperatively, enhancing technical learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The dynamic phantom proved to be an effective complementary tool for TPLO understanding, providing a safe, ethical, and reproducible alternative to cadaver use and helping to reduce the surgical learning curve.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"27 4","pages":"e58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}