Journal of water process engineering最新文献

{"title":"ZIF-based hybrid magnetic nanocomposites for the removal of organic pollutants","authors":"Gaurav Sharma ,&nbsp;Akshay Verma ,&nbsp;Tongtong Wang ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar ,&nbsp;Pooja Dhiman ,&nbsp;Genene Tessema Mola ,&nbsp;Jinhu Zhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing presence of organic pollutants such as dyes, antibiotics, phenols, and pesticides in wastewater poses significant environmental and health challenges. Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs), known for their exceptional porosity, thermal stability, and tunable properties, have emerged as promising materials for water treatment. This review explores ZIF-based hybrid magnetic nanocomposites, focusing on their synthesis strategies, structural properties, and applications in wastewater treatment. Magnetic materials such as Fe₃O₄, Fe₂O₃, ZnFe₂O₄, CoFe₂O₄, and MnFe₂O₄ are highlighted for their ability to improve adsorption and photocatalytic performance. This review explores the synthesis strategies for ZIF-based magnetic nanocomposites, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, in-situ, and self-assembly methods, emphasizing their tailored properties for wastewater treatment applications. The applications of ZIF-based magnetic nanocomposites are thoroughly reviewed, with a particular focus on adsorption and photocatalysis techniques employed for the effective elimination of organic pollutants from wastewater. The adsorption mechanism, parameter effects, and regeneration efficiency are discussed, alongside photocatalytic principles, degradation mechanisms, and factors influencing performance. A comparative analysis positions ZIF-based nanocomposites against conventional adsorbents such as activated carbon, MOFs, and biochar, showcasing their advantages and limitations in real-world scenarios. The review identifies challenges such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and performance optimization, proposing future research areas to enhance the applicability of ZIF-based hybrid magnetic materials. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of ZIF-based magnetic nanocomposites for wastewater treatment, offering insights into their potential for sustainable environmental remediation through the adsorptive and photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual purpose of Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) in model explanation and feature selection for artificial intelligence-based digital twin of wastewater treatment plant","authors":"Vahid Nourani ,&nbsp;Mahsa Dehghan ,&nbsp;Aida H. Baghanam ,&nbsp;Sameh A. Kantoush","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, artificial intelligence (AI) black-box models called feedforward neural network (FFNN) as shallow learning and long short-term memory (LSTM) as deep learning were used to evaluate the biological oxygen demand of effluent (BOD_eff) and chemical oxygen demand (COD_eff) of the Tabriz wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Daily data of the treatment plant from 2015 to 2021 were utilized for this modeling. Given the importance of selecting effective input parameters for modeling, four scenarios were employed for optimal input selection. The first scenario was based on the correlation coefficient (CC) method, the second on the mutual information (MI) method, the third utilized the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) method for ranking the parameters, and the fourth scenario applied newly proposed hybrid MI-SHAP method for a two-step selection of input parameters. In MI-SHAP method, the number of inputs was first reduced using the MI method, and then the remaining parameters were ranked by the SHAP algorithm and used in the modeling process. This procedure significantly reduced the SHAP runtime. The explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) algorithm named SHAP was also used to visualize and illustrate how parameters influence the modeling results. To evaluate the results provided by the SHAP, another algorithm of the XAI, called accumulated local effects (ALE), was used. Through the use of XAI to illustrate the contribution of each input to the results, it was determined that BOD_eff and COD_eff with a one-day lag (BOD_eff(t-1) and COD_eff(t-1)) were the most influential features in the FFNN and LSTM. These parameters contribute approximately 54 % and 65 % of the total impact on the modeling outcomes in FFNN, and 56 % and 60 % in LSTM modeling, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107947"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible-light photocatalytic water purification using g-C3N4-modified NiFe2O4/K2Fe4O7 ferrite nanoceramics","authors":"Ibrahim F. Waheed ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abbas Fadhil Al-Samarrai ,&nbsp;Amra Ali Alhassni ,&nbsp;F.A. Al-Marhaby ,&nbsp;Zainab M. Alharbi ,&nbsp;Asmaa Al-Rasheedi ,&nbsp;Abdu Saeed","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing efficient and reusable photocatalysts responsive to visible light is important for advanced wastewater treatment. In this study, a novel ternary nanocomposite composed of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), nickel ferrite (NiFe₂O₄, NFO), and potassium ferrate (K₂Fe₄O₇, KFO) was synthesized via simple wet-impregnation method. This multifunctional nanocomposite was thoroughly characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, XPS, BET/BJH, UV–Vis DRS, PL, and VSM to assess its structural, morphological, textural, magnetic, and optical properties. The g-C₃N₄/NFO/KFO composite exhibited superior photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation, achieving 98.57 % degradation of methylene blue (MB) with rate constant of 0.0537 min⁻¹ and retaining over 94 % efficiency after five reuse cycles. A direct <em>Z</em>-scheme charge transfer mechanism was confirmed, enabling efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers and enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Key parameters affecting photocatalytic performance were systematically studied. Alkaline conditions (pH 10) favored dye adsorption and ROS formation, resulting in near-complete degradation (99.94 %), while acidic pH hindered activity due to surface protonation and suppressed •OH production. Lower dye concentrations (10 mg/L) allowed optimal light penetration and access to active sites, whereas higher concentrations caused inner filter effects and reduced efficiency. Increasing photocatalyst dosage improved degradation by enhancing the availability of active sites and ROS, with optimal performance at 0.06–0.08 g/L. Moreover, the composite maintained high activity across different water sources, including lake, tap, and distilled water, demonstrating robustness in practical environments. These findings underscore the synergistic behavior of the composite components and highlight the g-C₃N₄/NFO/KFO nanocomposite as a promising visible-light-driven photocatalyst for real-world wastewater remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107939"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing activated sludge activity: microbial responses to short-term vacuum conditions while municipal wastewater treatment","authors":"Anna Gnida ,&nbsp;Anna Niemiec","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of vacuum treatment on microbial activity in activated sludge during wastewater treatment. Vacuum treatment, applied at pressures from 500 to 30 hPa for 0.5 to 10 min, was combined with activated sludge processes to improve sludge degassing, sedimentation, and wastewater separation. Key microbial activities assessed included dehydrogenase activity, oxygen uptake rate, ammonia utilization, denitrification, and phosphorus release.</div><div>Results showed that reduced pressure generally inhibited dehydrogenase activity, oxygen uptake, and denitrification, with effects varying based on initial sludge activity. Nitrifiers experienced inhibition at lower pressures and shorter durations but showed stimulation at 30 hPa, though with variable results. Notably, polyphosphate-accumulating organisms consistently exhibited increased activity regardless of pressure, duration, or sludge conditions.</div><div>These findings highlight the potential of vacuum treatment to optimize specific bioprocesses, such as nitrogen removal and phosphorus recovery, while improving sludge sedimentation. However, the variability in results suggests the need for further research to refine vacuum treatment parameters for enhanced efficiency. This study underscores the role of controlled depressurization in selectively stimulating microbial functions, contributing to the development of more effective wastewater treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107901"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating energy band structure of CsPbBr3@TiO2 composites for enhanced photocatalytic and anti-superbacterial performance","authors":"Chang-Yeon Kim ,&nbsp;Min-Gi Jeon ,&nbsp;Artavazd Kirakosyan ,&nbsp;Da-Hye Kim ,&nbsp;Hea-Jong Chung ,&nbsp;Ji-Hyun Lee ,&nbsp;Ha-Rim An ,&nbsp;Byoungchul Son ,&nbsp;Seung Jo Yoo ,&nbsp;Sang-Gil Lee ,&nbsp;Ji-In Park ,&nbsp;Soo Hyeon Kim ,&nbsp;Hyeran Kim ,&nbsp;Sang Moon Lee ,&nbsp;Jihoon Choi ,&nbsp;Hyun Uk Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxide-based photocatalysts are widely used for antibacterial and water treatment. However, they are limited by their wide bandgaps, which restrict the activation to specific wavelengths. Efforts are being done to enhance the reactivity, including doping with different elements, combining with other semiconductors, and creating heterogeneous structures. In this study, a composite photocatalyst was developed by forming CsPbBr₃@TiO₂, a heterostructure using CsPbBr₃ quantum dots and TiO₂, where the induced intermediate states narrow the bandgap, extending the light absorption range into the visible spectrum. Photocatalytic applications in dye degradation and removal of superbacteria utilize this property.</div><div>CsPbBr₃@TiO₂ composite showed significant degradation efficiency for rhodamine B and Reactive Black 5 under ultraviolet (UV) and visible-light irradiation. While anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles showed a degradation efficiency of up to 21.1 % after 1 h of light irradiation, the CsPbBr₃@TiO₂ composite showed a degradation efficiency of up to 95.3 %, indicating excellent water purification. Furthermore, in an optical density measurement to analyze the antibacterial activity against prominent superbacteria such as <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>, and <em>Enterococcus faecium</em>, recently been identified as resistant to almost all antibiotics due to drug abuse, the CsPbBr₃@TiO₂ composite showed a reduction of 84.9 %, while the anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles showed a 42.5 % reduction, indicating up to a 2-fold higher antimicrobial activity. These results indicate that the CsPbBr₃@TiO₂ composites possess outstanding photocatalytic efficiency for environmental applications and suggest an easy and rapid method for the extensive production of highly responsive visible-light photocatalysts for water purification and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107916"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated benefits of Ca/Al composites capping coupled with Vallisneria natans: Removal sediment phosphorus and optimization the different microbial functions of sediment and leaf biofilm","authors":"Fengrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Huang ,&nbsp;Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi ,&nbsp;Wenyue Tian ,&nbsp;Jiangling Fang ,&nbsp;Wangwang Tang ,&nbsp;Shenghua Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanmin Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sediment modification would contribute to better restoration and stabilization of submerged macrophytes (SM), which is vital for the ecological recovery of eutrophic shallow lakes. In this study, the remediation performance and mechanisms of simplified calcium‑aluminum composites (SCA), prepared via a simple method, in conjunction with <em>Vallisneria natans</em> on eutrophic sediments were investigated for the first time. And the responses of aquatic microbial communities were also explored. SCA exhibited a strong phosphate adsorption capacity of 92.26 mg P/g and demonstrated high affinity for phosphate. Compared to single approaches, the combined application of SM and SCA was more effective in removing interstitial P and nitrogen (N). Their combination exerted the transformation of sediment mobile P by SCA and the P uptake ability of <em>V. natans</em>, thereby mitigating the risk of sediment P release through the dual mechanisms of total P removal by 98.85 mg/kg and mobile P reduction by 8.7 %. Meanwhile, the joint remediation strategy altered the compositions of sediment microbial communities, optimized community structure, and enhanced the sediment's capacity to retain P, N, and carbon (C). This was complemented by the role of biofilms on leaf surfaces in promoting P uptake and the cycling and elimination of C and N, thus ultimately improving the removal rates of nutrients from the overlaying water. These results suggested that the combination of SCA and SM has the synergistic benefits of removing sediment P and optimizing the microbial functions differed between sediment and leaf biofilms, and has great potential for application in eutrophic sediment remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107960"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the degradation of oxytetracycline through ozone assisted with hydrodynamic cavitation","authors":"Xiaodian Huang ,&nbsp;Dong Yang ,&nbsp;Liang Song ,&nbsp;Yongcan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics such as oxytetracycline (OTC) have been widely detected in surface water and pose a significant threat to public health. To solve this hot issue, numerous technologies including O₃-AOPs have been developed. In this study, an ozone assisted with hydrodynamic cavitation (OAHC) system was developed for the degradation of OTC, which shows excellent efficiency within a reaction time of 3 s. With the results of Electron Spin-Resonance (ESR) analysis, the presence and predominant role of •OH were confirmed. To simulate the degradation kinetics of OTC in the OAHC system, a simplified model was developed in close agreement with the experimental data, indicating the degradation of OTC is associated with the concentration of oxygen activated species, the gas-liquid ratio and the reaction time. Based on the intermediates analyses, the pathway of OTC degradation primarily through the attack on the tricarbonyl group, phenolic diketone group and dimethylamino group by •OH, resulting in the conjugated structure inside the benzene ring would be destroyed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107942"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into phosphate removal and recovery from wastewater using biosolids biochar: Pyrolysis optimisation, mechanistic and column studies","authors":"Sabolc Pap ,&nbsp;Christina Karmann ,&nbsp;Thomas Thompson ,&nbsp;Ruth McConnell ,&nbsp;Tamsyn Kennedy ,&nbsp;Mark A. Taggart","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biosolids, or sewage sludge (SS), is a byproduct from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and drinking water production. SS can contain contaminants, which often generates secondary pollution post-disposal; therefore, pyrolysis is a promising approach for industrial-scale SS management (when compared to incineration, landfill, and direct agricultural use). Here, we determined optimal SS pyrolysis conditions using a Response Surface Methodology approach taking into consideration SS type, pyrolysis temperature and time. An optimised SS biochar (SSB-O) was then characterised using SEM-EDX, TGA/DSC, BET, FTIR, XRD and XPS. The biochar was then applied to phosphate adsorption from wastewater. Adsorption/desorption for phosphate (PO₄³⁻-P) was evaluated through a series of batch and dynamic experiments using artificial and real WWTP effluent. Results showed that high PO₄³⁻-P removal was achieved with a <em>q</em>_max,exp of 12.7 mg/g in equilibrium studies, and the SSB-O was able to bring residual effluent PO₄³⁻-P below 0.5 mg P_total/L or 90 % of P_total have been removed (new EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive 2024/3019). In column experiments, breakthrough time (for effluent P concentration &lt; 0.1 mg/L) was 11,520 min (192 h) for an EBCT of 30 min, which corresponded to 668 Bed Volumes. Instrumental characterisation indicated that adsorption mechanisms were dominated by inner-sphere complexation onto metal ligands (mostly with aluminium). The work showed that SSB-O produced from a WWTP where an aluminium rich drinking water sludge was recirculated through the plant resulted in the best biochar, which could then serve as a water treatment material and as a medium to recover PO₄³⁻-P from WWTP effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107954"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and mechanistic understanding of vertical dissolved methane transport in integrated vertical flow constructed wetlands (IVCWs)","authors":"Ru Xue ,&nbsp;Ke Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Liu ,&nbsp;Bing Jiang ,&nbsp;Hongbing Luo ,&nbsp;Mei Li ,&nbsp;You Mo ,&nbsp;Cheng Liu ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Lin Cheng ,&nbsp;Jia Chen ,&nbsp;Liangqian Fan ,&nbsp;Wancen Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaochan An ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constructed wetlands (CWs) are extensively utilized for rural domestic wastewater treatment, yet their role as sources of methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), remains a critical environmental concern. While previous studies have quantified CH₄ emissions from CWs, the vertical transport mechanisms governing dissolved methane (DCH₄) dynamics within these systems are poorly understood. This study explores the vertical dynamics of DCH₄ in integrated vertical flow constructed wetlands (IVCWs), focusing on environmental drivers and a newly proposed methane carbon pump model. Statistical analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between DCH₄ concentration and sampling depth (Pearson's <em>r</em> = 0.703, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), with concentrations at 1050 mm depth exceeding shallow layers (50 mm) by 51-fold. Structural equation modeling (SEM) further elucidated depth-dependent interactions, demonstrating that water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and nutrient parameters (TC, TOC and TP) collectively explained 58 % of vertical DCH₄ variability (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.58). A mechanistic methane carbon pump model, integrating solute diffusion and root-mediated processes, achieved moderate predictive accuracy (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.676) in quantifying vertical DCH₄ transport. These findings underscore the pivotal role of vertical stratification in regulating CH₄ dynamics, with depth-specific solute composition and redox gradients acting as key determinants. By resolving micro-scale transport mechanisms, this study advances the theoretical framework for modeling CH₄ behavior in CWs, offering critical insights for future research on GHG mitigation in engineered wetland systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107972"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous removal of organic matter and nitrogen in a structured-bed hybrid baffled reactor (SBHBR) under low COD/TN ratio: Evaluation of operational strategies","authors":"D.S.G. Lúcio ,&nbsp;R. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;G. Tommaso","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the potential of a laboratory-scale hybrid baffled reactor with anaerobic (ANE) and oxic/anoxic (O/A) chambers, operated with continuous feeding of dairy wastewater at different hydraulic retention times (HRT) and intermittent aeration. The reactor featured an O/A zone with a structured polyurethane foam bed. The aim was to evaluate the simultaneous removal of organic matter and nitrogen under a low C/N ratio in the O/A chambers. The SBHBR achieved COD removal above 92.3 % throughout the operation period. Condition IIIb yielded the highest carbon and nitrogen removal efficiencies, reaching 98.1 % ± 1.0 % and 78.4 % ± 4.6 %, respectively. In the O/A chambers, a C/N ratio of 0.2 ± 0.01 was observed, and nitrogen removal reached 80.9 % ± 1.7 % at steady-state conditions. Effective solids management was crucial for maintaining reactor performance. Biomass accumulation in Conditions IIIa clogged the aeration system, reducing nitrogen removal efficiency. Sludge disposal restored system stability in Condition IIIb, underscoring its role in sustaining nitrogen removal efficiency. These results demonstrate that intermittent aeration under a low COD/NT in the SBHBR enables efficient simultaneous removal of carbonaceous and nitrogenous compounds, reduces operational costs by optimizing aeration cycles, enhances biomass retention due to the structured polyurethane bed, and adapts to organic load fluctuations typical of dairy effluents. Moreover, it represents a promising alternative for cost-effective nitrogen removal from dairy wastewater, minimizing the need for external carbon addition and preventing alkalinization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107933"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}