Journal of water process engineering最新文献

{"title":"Rapid spectrophotometric determination of permanganate index (CODMn) in water by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonate (ABTS)","authors":"Linfeng He ,&nbsp;Zhongda Yan ,&nbsp;Geng Huang ,&nbsp;Xuewei Yu ,&nbsp;Jianhang Li ,&nbsp;Jing Zou ,&nbsp;Bo Sun ,&nbsp;Liu Miu ,&nbsp;Zhimin Yang ,&nbsp;Haoqiang Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel and rapid spectrophotometric method for accurately measuring permanganate index (COD_Mn) in water samples was developed using 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonate (ABTS) as an indicator. Under acidic conditions, ABTS is rapidly oxidized by residual potassium permanganate in the digest solution, forming a stable green ABTS^•+ radical within just 20 s. Subsequently, ABTS^•+ can be accurately quantified by visible spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 415 nm. In the range of 0 to 4.46 mg/L, the absorbance change of ABTS^•+ at 415 nm showed a strong linear relationship with the concentration of COD_Mn (R² = 0.999). The method has high sensitivity, with a low limit of detection for COD_Mn of 0.010 mg/L. It is worth noting that the ABTS method is resistant to chloride ion interference and demonstrates high accuracy when applied to real water samples, with recovery rates ranging from 98.59 % to 99.93 %. Compared to the national standard titration method and other previously reported spectrophotometric methods, the ABTS method is simpler and more environmentally friendly. In conclusion, the proposed ABTS spectrophotometric method represents a promising approach for the accurate and rapid determination of COD_Mn in water, providing a feasible alternative to traditional methods for COD_Mn determination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107964"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximising E-waste leachate adsorption: multi-component isotherm models and mechanisms with scalable mesoporous sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar","authors":"Amthal Al-Gailani ,&nbsp;Julius G. Bongosia ,&nbsp;Karl Hornsby ,&nbsp;Martin J. Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal contamination is a primary environmental and health concern contributing to organ damage, neurological disorders and developmental issues. Adsorption is an efficient, cost-effective method for removing heavy metals from contaminated water. In this study, the adsorption of five metals (Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ag⁺ and Mn²⁺) into mesoporous sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar (surface area: 1061.77 m² g⁻¹) was investigated using multi-component isotherm models, including Extended Langmuir (EL), Extended Freundlich (EF), Modified Competitive Langmuir (MCL) and Extended Sips (ES). The biochar was synthesised via KOH activation (1, 1 w/w) followed by pyrolysis at 800 °C. The ES model was found to best describe the competitive adsorption behaviour. Among the tested metals, Pb²⁺ exhibited the highest adsorption capacity (605.45 mg/g), followed by Cu²⁺ (501.77 mg/g). Kinetic analysis using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models confirmed chemisorption superiority, specifically for Cu²⁺, Mn²⁺, and Pb²⁺. The rate-limiting step was temperature-dependent; intraparticle diffusion dominated at 25 °C, while chemisorption prevailed at 55 °C. The thermodynamic analysis (ΔH &gt; 0, ΔG &lt; 0) confirmed that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous under the tested conditions. After three regeneration cycles, the biochar structure stability is confirmed with evidence of full adsorbate removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107979"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community structure and influencing factors of biofilms in stagnant water of premise plumbing system","authors":"Yongji Zhang ,&nbsp;Ziyi Yang ,&nbsp;Yexing Wang ,&nbsp;Yihao Bian ,&nbsp;Ruotong Xu ,&nbsp;Xun He","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding biofilm bacterial community is important for ensuring the microbial safety of drinking water. This study uses a simulated premise plumbing system to investigate the effects of pipe material, water supply mode, and pre-treatment methods (ultrafiltration and ultraviolet) on microbial growth and community structure in biofilms within premise plumbing system. It was found that higher roughness of copper pipes due to corrosion facilitates biofilm adhesion and growth in this study. Pre-treatment decreased the biomass and diversity of biofilm in the initial stage of biofilm formation. Based on Redundancy analysis, the metal ions in copper pipes were proved to be the key reason of influencing biofilm community structure. Besides, analysis of the community assembly mechanisms revealed that different community assembly processes lead to different biofilm community structures in copper pipes compared to other pipes. To further understand how bacteria in biofilms adapt to oligotrophic environments, the use of network analysis revealed that microorganisms tend to cooperate with each other to adapt to oligotrophic environment. Overall, this work provides ecological insights into biofilm in premise plumbing system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107958"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands for commercial laundry greywater treatment: Effects of design and operational parameters","authors":"Javiera Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Ana María Leiva ,&nbsp;Gloria Gómez ,&nbsp;Gladys Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constructed wetlands (CWs) are being increasingly considered for the treatment of greywater (GW) from commercial laundry sources. However, limited information is available on how operational and design parameters influence CW performance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSSFCWs) for the treatment of commercial laundry GW with a focus on the effects of design and operational parameters. The operation of two lab-scale VSSFCWs was divided into three stages, during which ORLs progressively increased and HRTs decreased. One VSSFCW was filled with zeolite (Zeo), while the other used gravel (Gra). In Stage III, both systems achieved removal efficiencies of 73–86 % for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 72–84 % for ammonium‑nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), and 68–89 % for phosphate‑phosphorus (PO₄³⁻-P), indicating a significant improvement (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) as OLR increased from 12.3 to 49.9 g·COD/m²·d and HRT decreased from 10 to 3.5 days. In all stages, the Zeo system outperformed Gra by 19–33 % in terms of organic matter and nutrient removal (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the Freundlich isotherm model revealed a reduction in the sorption capacity of the used zeolite to 0.004 mg/g, which was 1 to 5 times lower than the control zeolite. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing operational parameters and selecting appropriate support media for the effective and sustainable reuse of commercial laundry GW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107951"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of environmentally friendly activated carbons derived from herbal industry waste for water purification: A study on the removal of selected organic and inorganic pollutants","authors":"Marlena Groszek ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Wójcik ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Wiśniewska ,&nbsp;Piotr Nowicki","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste from the herbal industry was subjected to simultaneous pyrolysis and physical activation with CO₂ to obtain environmentally friendly adsorbents. The resulting activated carbons are characterized by a well-developed specific surface area and a high concentration of surface functional groups, with a distinct predomination of basic ones. The prepared adsorbents were used to remove ionic polymers (poly(acrylic acid)/polyethyleneimine) and heavy metal ions (Cd(II)/As(V)) from both single/binary solutions. The structure of the electrical double layer in the presence of adsorbates was studied to determine the adsorption mechanisms. The results showed that polymers are adsorbed in greater amounts on the surface of the carbonaceous materials than metal ions. In single-adsorbate systems, the maximum adsorption capacities were 94 mg/g for polyethyleneimine, 27 mg/g for poly(acrylic acid), 8 mg/g for Cd(II), and 4 mg/g for As(V), respectively. Studies on the simultaneous removal of selected pollutants have shown that metal ions and ionic polymers have negatively affected their mutual adsorption. Furthermore, the removal of As(V) ions from solutions containing poly(acrylic acid) or polyethyleneimine was completely inhibited. At pH 3, the adsorption of an anionic polymer was enhanced by the presence of a cationic one, whereas poly(acrylic acid) had no significant effect on polyethyleneimine adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107952"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient degradation of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride by activated carbon-loaded nanoscale zero-valent iron activated persulfate","authors":"Min Li ,&nbsp;Yibing Ma ,&nbsp;Gui Ma ,&nbsp;Mengjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Qianlin Zuo ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Ren ,&nbsp;Tiaobin Zhao ,&nbsp;Liang Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) is a widely used antimicrobial disinfectant. Its extensive application results in wastewater containing disinfectants, which, if released directly into surface waters or wastewater treatment facilities, can pose significant threats to aquatic environments and ecosystems. To achieve efficient degradation of DDBAC, this study synthesized a novel catalyst, nZVI@AC, by loading nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) onto activated carbon (AC). The catalyst effectively activates peroxydisulfate (PDS), establishing an advanced oxidation process (nZVI@AC/PDS) for the efficient degradation of DDBAC. Under optimal conditions, including an initial pH of 7, a catalyst dosage of 0.5 g L⁻¹, and a PDS concentration of 1.5 mM, the removal efficiency of DDBAC (initial concentration of 10 mg L⁻¹) achieved 90 % removal at 15 min. Moreover, the nZVI@AC/PDS system operates under mild reaction conditions, exhibits good adaptability to typical temperature ranges, and maintains stability across a wide pH spectrum. It also demonstrates strong resilience in the presence of coexisting interfering anions and consistently achieves high DDBAC removal efficiencies across a range of concentrations. These findings indicate that the nZVI@AC/PDS system has promising potential for the treatment of refractory quaternary ammonium wastewater. These findings indicate that the nZVI@AC/PDS system has promising potential for practical applications, particularly in medical wastewater treatment and advanced treatment processes in wastewater treatment plants. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis and radical quenching experiments confirmed that superoxide radicals (O₂^•-) and sulfate radicals (SO₄^•-) play a critical role in the degradation process. High-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography (HPLC-MS) identified the reaction intermediates, and the degradation pathways were predicted, involving hydrogen abstraction, dealkylation, demethylation, hydroxylation, and benzyl C<img>N bond cleavage reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further corroborated the plausibility of the proposed reaction mechanism. Furthermore, the toxicity of DDBAC and its degradation intermediates was assessed. These findings provide novel insights into the degradation of DDBAC and demonstrate the promising potential of the nZVI@AC/PDS system for real-world disinfection wastewater treatment applications. The results highlight the potential of the nZVI@AC/PDS system for real-world applications, offering an efficient and stable solution for treating refractory disinfectant wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107730"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-stage stripping treatment of anaerobic digestion effluent for ammonia recovery and scale prevention","authors":"Ting-Ting Zhou ,&nbsp;Sheng-Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Jian-Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Shakil AHMAD ,&nbsp;Quan-Bao Zhao ,&nbsp;Iftikhar Zeb","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In anaerobic digestion of food waste, ammonia inhibition and scale formation present challenges for steady operation. Herein, a two-stage stripping technology was developed to address this issue, exemplifying the actual anaerobic digestion effluent. Firstly, air stripping was performed at 55 °C with a gas flow rate of 1.5 L/min to remove ammonia and elevate the pH, facilitating Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ precipitation from the wastewater. After settling, biogas was introduced at an ambient temperature to reduce the pH with a flow rate of 1.5 L/min, maintaining the stability of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ and preventing scaling in the second stage. The results demonstrated that air stripping for 480 min elevated the pH of the anaerobic digestion effluent from 8.15 ± 0.01 to 9.83 ± 0.01, achieving an ammonia removal efficiency of (90.69 ± 0.84) %. Additionally, the removal rates for Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were (79.80 ± 2.62) % and (43.55 ± 3.58) %, respectively. Subsequent biogas stripping reduced the pH of the anaerobic digestion effluent from 8.37 ± 0.02 to 7.13 ± 0.01 while maintaining consistent levels of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ during the stripping process. Furthermore, the MINEQL+ simulation results showed that in the anaerobic digestion effluent treated by air stripping, the concentrations of calcite (CaCO₃) and dolomite (CaMg(CO₃)₂) were 0 and 54.9 %, respectively. Following biogas stripping treatment, the concentrations of both compounds were further decreased to 0 %. These findings demonstrated that this strategy could successfully lower carbonate scale production, avoiding crusting and obstruction in the anaerobic system and minimizing scale formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107917"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of antracene and benzo[a]pyrene from soil-washing synthetic emulsions by Fenton and solar photo-Fenton oxidation","authors":"Karima Ayedi ,&nbsp;Yaiza Moreno-De La Fuente ,&nbsp;Miguel Herraiz-Carboné ,&nbsp;Salvador Cotillas ,&nbsp;Marina Prisciandaro ,&nbsp;Aurora Santos ,&nbsp;Carmen M. Domínguez","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) aqueous emulsions, equivalent to those obtained from soil-washing, using Fenton and solar photo-Fenton oxidation for pollutant removal and surfactant recovery in water treatment applications. PAHs, persistent contaminants in industrial wastewater, require sustainable treatment approaches. Soil was contaminated with anthracene (ANT) and benzo[<em>a</em>]pyrene (BaP) and washed with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at a mass liquid-to-soil ratio of 2:1, with SDS concentrations ranging from 2500 to 10,000 mg L⁻¹. A synthetic emulsion (SDS: 4500 mg L⁻¹, ANT: 5 mg L⁻¹, BaP: 5 mg L⁻¹) was prepared and treated using low oxidant (H₂O₂: 60–240 mg L⁻¹) and catalyst (Fe: 2.5–10 mg L⁻¹) dosages to optimize reagent consumption. The Fenton process (pH = 3) achieved complete PAHs removal, with BaP fully degraded under all conditions and ANT requiring higher oxidant (H₂O₂, 240 mg L⁻¹) and catalyst (Fe, 10 mg L⁻¹) concentrations. The solar photo-Fenton process achieved up to 70 % ANT and 85 % BaP removal at near-neutral pH using ferrioxalate complexes (120 mg L⁻¹ H₂O₂, 10 mg L⁻¹ Fe). Minimal SDS degradation and negligible mineralization support surfactant recovery and reuse, enhancing process sustainability. These findings highlight the viability of light-assisted advanced oxidation processes for selective pollutant degradation in engineered water systems, supporting the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly remediation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107959"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility insights into wastewater phosphorus recovery from plant-wide integrated techno-economic and sustainability modeling analysis","authors":"Yu Mao ,&nbsp;Dawei Yu ,&nbsp;Baofeng Chai ,&nbsp;Jialin Yao ,&nbsp;Jibao Liu ,&nbsp;Yunao Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Qian ,&nbsp;Cui Li ,&nbsp;Yuansong Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crucial strategy to address food security crises and water eutrophication, sludge phosphorus recovery technology has gained increasing attention. However, the plant-wide implementation of phosphorus recovery technologies requires further research. This study systematically evaluated the phosphorus recovery performance of four strategies (Mg dosing, Fe dosing, combined Mg + Fe dosing, and no dosing) through plant-wide modeling enhanced by precipitation dynamics and integrating techno-economic-sustainability analysis. Results demonstrate that metal regulation plays a pivotal role in phosphorus speciation transformation, with the combined Mg + Fe dosing strategy which maximizes recovery potential through complementary mechanisms. The synergistic recovery of struvite and vivianite achieved a phosphorus recovery rate of 28.82 %, minimum effluent phosphorus concentration of 0.74 mg/L, energy consumption of 0.30 kWh/m³, while maintaining methane production at 0.92 kWh/m³. Sustainability analysis revealed that the combined Mg + Fe dosing strategy generated environmental benefits valued at 1.1 yuan/m³, though challenges remain to be addressed regarding the high cost of iron reagents. Plant-wide techno-economic evaluation demonstrated that multi-form phosphorus co-recovery strategy effectively reduces environmental footprint and enhances resource cycling efficiency. These findings establish a decision-support framework for implementing phosphorus recovery technologies in wastewater treatment plants, offering critical insights for promoting circular economy development and scaling up engineering applications of phosphorus recovery technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Synopsis</h3><div>Wastewater phosphorus recovery should pillar circular economy. This study demonstrated synchronous recovery of struvite and vivianite, highlighting sustainability and techno-economic feasibility, with environmental benefits as key driver for advancing resource recovery policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107955"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving long-term water quality forecasting with limited data using hidden pattern extraction and explainable ensemble learning","authors":"Mehdi Mohammadi Ghaleni ,&nbsp;Mansour Moradi ,&nbsp;Mahnoosh Moghaddasi ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Poursaeid ,&nbsp;Mahmood Sadat-Noori","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on enhancing long-term, multi-step forecasting of dissolved oxygen (DO), a key indicator of river water quality. We introduce a novel hybrid method, Hidden Pattern Feature Extraction–Statistical Mode Decomposition (HPFE–SMD), integrated with explainable ensemble learning models, namely Random Forest (RF) and Extra Trees Regressor (ETR), both in standalone and hybrid configurations (HPFE-RF and HPFE-ETR). The models were trained and evaluated using monthly DO data spanning 1974–2023 from two sites within the Mississippi River Basin, across forecasting horizons of 1, 3, 9, and 15 months. The hybrid models consistently outperformed their standalone counterparts. For instance, at a 15-month horizon for Site 1, the HPFE-ETR model reduced the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) by 98.1 % compared to standalone ETR. In comparison with TVF-EMD-based models, HPFE-SMD achieved a 10.8 % and 4.3 % reduction in Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) for RF and ETR, respectively, at the 9-month horizon. Overall, HPFE-RF and HPFE-ETR achieved high predictive performance with RMSE values below 0.25 mg/L and R² values exceeding 0.99, even for long-term forecasts. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis revealed that key statistical features, such as vibration amplitude (RMS), energy, skewness, kurtosis, and crest factor, played a dominant role in model predictions. Additionally, the proposed method demonstrated strong generalizability by accurately forecasting other water quality parameters, including total nitrogen, pH, total dissolved solids, and sodium adsorption ratio. These results highlight the added value of the HPFE-SMD approach over traditional decomposition or standalone ML models, showcasing its potential for integration into advanced water quality monitoring and management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107946"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}