Journal of water process engineering最新文献

{"title":"Arsenic and iron removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands with alternative supporting media: key mechanisms","authors":"Katherine Lizama-Allende ,&nbsp;José Ayala ,&nbsp;Juan Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work identifies the arsenic and iron removal mechanisms in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands system with zeolite and limestone as alternative supporting media. To do this, two sequential extraction procedures were performed in media samples obtained after the system treated highly acidic, metal and arsenic rich contaminated water. Advanced techniques were also employed to detect arsenic and metals in the media samples and discover possible changes in their composition. According to the arsenic fractioning revealed by the first procedure, which targets arsenic only, the main arsenic removal mechanisms depended on the media type. In limestone: coprecipitation with very amorphous iron oxyhydroxides and carbonates, since of the total extracted (982 mg As/kg), the fraction associated with these phases was 51.8 %; whereas in zeolite, of the total extracted (400 mg As/kg), the adsorbed fraction was 79.4 %. Conversely, the second procedure, which targets metals, indicated that the main mechanism was bonding to iron and manganese oxides in both media types, since this fraction was 78.8 % of the total extracted in zeolite (211 mg As/kg), and 68.9 % of the total extracted in limestone (272 mg As/kg) (average values). The iron fractioning indicated that iron was mainly removed by precipitation of very amorphous and amorphous iron oxyhydroxides in zeolite and limestone cells. Changes in the composition of both media were detected after being used as wetland media. To elucidate arsenic fractioning, sequential extraction procedures targeting arsenic instead of metals must be employed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108354"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sunlight-driven catalytic degradation of tetracycline by α-NaYF4@TiO2-Acac nanoparticles and the toxicity of intermediate products","authors":"Lidija Mancic ,&nbsp;Ivana Dinić ,&nbsp;Marina Vuković ,&nbsp;Miloš Tomić ,&nbsp;Nina Tomić ,&nbsp;Beatriz Canabarro ,&nbsp;Paula Jardim ,&nbsp;Lucas Almeida ,&nbsp;Bojan A. Marinkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Up-converting α-NaYF₄@TiO₂-Acac core-shell nanoparticles, synthesized <em>via</em> hydrothermal treatment and sol-gel coating, were used for photocatalytic degradation of a tetracycline solution under a solar simulator. The synthesized structures exhibited wide spectral response capability, enabling up to 90 % degradation within 6 h, at a photocatalyst concentration of 10 mg L⁻¹. Highly reactive superoxide radicals (<img>O₂⁻) were found to be the major reactive species responsible for tetracycline photo-oxidation. The boosted generation of superoxide radicals is attributed to an additional energy transfer from the core to the shell, established through direct radiation-reabsorption process and Förster resonance energy transfer. The absence of toxicity in tetracycline intermediates, formed on photodegradation, suggests the potential of α-NaYF₄@TiO₂-Acac core-shell nanoparticles for application in wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108397"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-responsive assessment of surface water quality in Songhua River using ensemble learning and multivariate analysis","authors":"Dan Zhong ,&nbsp;Jingna Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Gan ,&nbsp;Wencheng Ma ,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Weinan Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately identifying and regulating water quality drivers is vital for sustainable management, but complex climatic, hydrological, and pollution interactions pose significant challenges. Herein, we propose an integrated prediction framework combining an improved Water Quality Index (WQI), multivariate analysis, and a self-adaptive ElasticForest model. The proposed framework is applied to the Songhua River Basin in China to evaluate and predict surface water quality under changing climatic conditions. The improved WQI method assesses water quality, followed by cluster analysis identifying two representative hydrological periods: ice period (IP) and wet period (WP). Principal component analysis and factor analysis extract major pollution sources, while Random Forest selects key water quality indicators for each stage. The proposed ElasticForest model combines the nonlinear learning capacity of RandomForest with the regularization strength of ElasticNet. This integration allows for efficient variable selection and robust prediction under conditions of high dimensionality, limited samples, and multicollinearity. By including water temperature and rainfall, the model enhances its sensitivity to climate-driven changes in water quality and achieves high prediction accuracy (R² = 0.978 for IP; R² = 0.989 for WP), outperforming both traditional and ensemble models in stability and generalizability. Ultimately, the relationship between sediment heavy metals and water parameters is analyzed. High-risk metals like Hg, Cd, and Ni show positive correlation with TN, DO, and BOD, while Cu and Zn are negatively correlated with nutrients. These findings suggest sediments shape pollution dynamics via biogeochemical processes. The study underscores climate-water-sediment interactions and offers a framework for climate-sensitive, interpretable water quality prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural network-based leak localization in water distribution networks using the gravity center of pressure measurements","authors":"Leonardo Gómez-Coronel ,&nbsp;Joaquim Blesa ,&nbsp;Ildeberto Santos-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Francisco-Ronay López-Estrada ,&nbsp;Vicenç Puig","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel methodology for leak diagnosis in urban water distribution systems (WDS) is proposed. Small leaks are simulated using a well-calibrated EPANET model of the WDS. Considering only the known topology of the WDS, and pressure head values recorded at some nodes, the <em>center of gravity of pressure</em> is computed. Under nominal (leak-free) operation the position of the center of gravity varies predictably, but leaks cause variations on its position. Sensor-measurements with a duration of 24 h are used to compute residual coordinates from leak-free operation and used to train a LSTM neural network implemented in MATLAB for leak classification. Results are presented for the leak localization task considering two levels of resolution: identifying the general sector and pinpointing the specific node where the leak occurs. Tests are performed on a benchmark and real-world WDS obtaining a good performance with simulated data under steady-state and variable demand conditions. The impact of measurement noise is addressed by including the measured outflow from the reservoir as a third dimension to the training data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108348"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of PA6/PANI/α-Fe2O3-x composite nanofiber membranes for the removal of tetracycline from wastewater","authors":"Wenlong Wang ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Junhui Si ,&nbsp;Qianting Wang ,&nbsp;Sijie Qiu ,&nbsp;Yiwen Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu ,&nbsp;Zhixiang Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic technology has gained significant attention for its effectiveness in degrading tetracycline (TC) pollutants in wastewater. This study successfully constructed a PA6/PANI/α-Fe₂O_3-x composite nanofiber membrane with superior photocatalytic performance using electrospinning, in-situ polymerization, and in-situ growth techniques. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the composite nanofiber membrane achieved a high degradation efficiency of 94.89 % in 40 min. Even after six catalytic cycles, the efficiency remained above 80 %, demonstrating its excellent catalytic performance and reusability. Mechanistic studies revealed that superoxide radicals (<img>O₂⁻), generated by photogenerated holes (h⁺), served as the dominant reactive species in the TC degradation process. Meanwhile, the hierarchical porous structure of composite nanofiber membrane enhanced reaction kinetics by improving mass transfer and active site exposure. This work integrates the advantages of conductive polymers and semiconductor heterostructures, providing a cost-effective and recyclable solution for wastewater treatment, with broad application prospects in environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108383"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-cathode synergy in heterogeneous electro-Fenton: Copper-driven H2O2 activation for efficient leachate nanofiltration concentrate treatment","authors":"Xujie Lan ,&nbsp;Xinrui Liu ,&nbsp;Xia Qin ,&nbsp;Honghyun Ren ,&nbsp;Xingwei Tao ,&nbsp;Cuicui Xu ,&nbsp;Fanbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) process is a promising advanced-oxidation technology for treating recalcitrant landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrate (LNC), yet single-cathode or homogeneous EF systems remain limited by iron-sludge generation, narrow pH windows and sub-optimal coupling between H₂O₂ production and activation. Here we engineer a dual-cathode heterogeneous EF (DEF) reactor that spatially decouples (i) high-rate in situ H₂O₂ electrosynthesis on a carbon-black modified Ni-foam gas-diffusion cathode, from (ii) efficient copper-activated Fenton-like decomposition of H₂O₂ on a Cu-coated Ni-foam cathode. The synergistic, reagent-free configuration operates from pH 3–7 without external Fe²⁺ dosing and produces negligible metal sludge. Under the optimum current (0.718 A) and pH 3.5 determined by response-surface methodology, the DEF removed 72.74 % COD and 65.31 % TOC from real LNC within 120 min at an energy demand of 128 kWh/kg TOC—54 % lower than anodic oxidation—and maintained &gt;90 % activity after five reuse cycles with ∼0.715 mg/ Cu leaching. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy verified ·OH and ·O₂⁻ as the dominant oxidant, generated via a surface Cu⁰/Cu⁺/Cu²⁺ redox cycle that accelerates H₂O₂ decomposition. Compared with homogeneous EF and single-cathode heterogeneous EF benchmarks, the DEF offers comparable mineralization yet superior energy efficiency and zero-sludge operation, providing a scalable strategy for treating refractory industrial effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108378"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards the digitalization of water treatment facilities: A case study on machine learning-enabled digital twins","authors":"Zeyu Ma ,&nbsp;Yunyi Zhu ,&nbsp;Chunsheng Chen ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoding Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;T. David Waite ,&nbsp;Jing Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The digital transformation of water treatment facilities through machine learning-enabled Digital Twins (ML-DTs) offers a paradigm shift in sustainable water management. This work introduces an embedded DT framework that seamlessly integrates water treatment facility equipment, middleware, cloud computing, and predictive analytics. A case study on centralized membrane bioreactor (MBR) wastewater treatment plants demonstrates ML-DTs' capability for proactive process control and maintenance (PC&amp;M): specifically, a knowledge-based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (KBMOPSO) fuzzy controller reducing aeration energy consumption of the aerobic zone from 0.12 to 0.15 kWh/t to 0.06–0.12 kWh/t, while maintaining required effluent quality. In parallel, a long short-term memory (LSTM) encoder-decoder model achieved accurate forecasting of MBR membrane fouling (<em>MAPE</em> &lt; 6.45 %, <em>R</em>² &gt; 0.87), enabling operators to proactively determine the need for online chemical cleaning under dynamic operating conditions. Despite these promising outcomes, the broader adoption of ML-DTs faces several barriers, including limited data availability, technical integration challenges, and organizational and human resource constraints. This work also provides actionable insights to help facilitate the transition towards intelligent water treatment facilities through the implementation of ML-DTs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108316"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A practical method to assess the ‘flocs condition’ and ‘floc strength’ in real-time in water treatment using surrogate parameters of media filter performance","authors":"A.S.M. Mohiuddin ,&nbsp;Yue-Cong Wang ,&nbsp;Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased frequency and intensity of weather events have greatly affected the surface raw water quality in Australia. It resulted in a 3- to 5-fold increase in True colour and Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), representing an increase of Natural Organic Matter (NOM), in Nepean Dam, south of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The increased NOM caused the formation of ‘weak flocs’ in the coagulation process that broke up in dual media gravity filters, resulting in a premature backwash and short filter run time. There is no practical method to measure ‘floc strength’ in an operating water treatment facility. This research identified a novel method to assess the ‘flocs condition’ during filtration, either ‘weak’ or ‘strong’, by calculating the rate of turbidity change and reporting it as a ‘turbidity breakthrough slope’ in NTU/day (NTU/d). The end-of-run head loss of the filter represents the energy at which the flocs break. Consequently, this research used the end-of-run head loss of a filter to measure floc strength. The turbidity breakthrough slope and filter end-of-run head loss are linearly correlated, and by using the correlation, a novel Floc Strength Model (FSM) has been developed. Applying the FSM at Nepean Water Filtration Plant (WFP), for ‘very strong flocs’ and ‘very weak flocs’ conditions, the calculated ‘floc strengths’ were 2.2 m and 0.57 m (measured in ‘meter (m)’ of water column), respectively. The FSM is a practical and in-situ method to monitor ‘floc strength’ in real time during a filter operation. It enables dynamic optimisation of water treatment. As soon as the filtered water turbidity starts to increase (start of turbidity breakthrough) in a filter, the FSM calculates and predicts the low ‘floc strength’ (end-of-run head loss) of the ‘very weak flocs’ and accordingly predicts the run time of the filter. Plant operators can then proactively optimise the chemical doses to change the flocs condition to ‘very strong flocs’ and improve ‘floc strength’ and filter run time before the end of the filter operation cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108345"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cr(VI) removal by Fe-biochar composite derived from co-pyrolysis of rubber tree waste and steel sludge","authors":"Kwangsuk Yoon ,&nbsp;Taewoo Lee ,&nbsp;Joohyung Lee ,&nbsp;Heuiyun Lee ,&nbsp;Yup Yoo ,&nbsp;Hyungtae Cho ,&nbsp;Hocheol Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global industrialization has led to an increase in waste generation, necessitating the development of sustainable management strategies. Pyrolysis can convert waste into valuable products such as biochar and syngas. This study investigates the co-pyrolysis of rubber tree waste (RT) and pipe sludge (PS) to produce Fe-biochar, which was utilized as a reactive medium for formic acid (FA)-mediated Cr(VI) removal. Pyrolysis was performed at varying RT-to-PS mass ratios, and the physicochemical properties of the resulting Fe-biochars were analyzed. Syngas monitoring and biocrude composition analysis were scrutinized to experimentally assess the catalytic effects of PS on the pyrogenic product formation. The Cr(VI) removal performance of the composite was explored in de-ionized water (DIW) and groundwater (GW) conditions, while computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling was employed to evaluate its field-scale applicability. The results demonstrate that PS played a key role in enhancing syngas (CO) production, which simultaneously limited biocrude formation. Fe-biochar produced at 800 °C exhibited the highest Cr(VI) removal efficiency due to its well-defined porous structure and the presence of redox-active Fe phases (Fe⁰ and FeO). The biochar showed higher Cr(VI) removal in GW than in DIW, attributed to formation of Fe-SO₄²⁻ complexes, which enhanced redox reactions with Cr(VI). CFD modeling demonstrated the potential of Fe-biochar for field-scale GW remediation, highlighting the importance of optimized formic acid (FA) injection in Cr(VI) removal. These findings signify that the co-pyrolysis of RT and PS offers an eco-friendly waste management approach, while providing an effective medium for remediating water pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108387"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot-scale alkali-surfactant-polymer flooding produced water treatment system: performance and microbial community analysis","authors":"Xinxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiushi Zhao ,&nbsp;Dong Wei ,&nbsp;Zhongxi Chen ,&nbsp;Qian Lu ,&nbsp;Jia Ouyang ,&nbsp;Erming Luo ,&nbsp;Chunying Li ,&nbsp;Li Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addressed the challenges of treating Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flooding produced water by designing and implementing a pilot-scale advanced treatment process. The treatment train comprised a natural settling tank, a bioreactor, a dissolved air flotation (DAF) unit, and multi-stage filtration tanks. The system demonstrated a treatment capacity of 5 m³/h for ASP flooding produced water. The integrated process effectively removed oil content, suspended solids, and organic pollutants from the produced water. Experimental results revealed that the microbial reactor achieved removal rates of 95.36 % for oil content and 62.74 % for suspended solids. Subsequent three-stage filtration enhanced effluent quality to meet the stringent water reinjection standards for low-permeability reservoirs in Daqing Oilfield's polymer flooding produced water. This study comprehensively analyzed microbial community composition and structural changes within the bioreactor, identifying dominant bacterial species across different functional zones and elucidating their roles in pollutant degradation. With an operational cost of 1.15 CNY/m³, the proposed process demonstrates superior economic viability and environmental sustainability compared to conventional physicochemical processes. The advanced treatment process proposed in this study provides a novel technical approach to ensure stable compliance with standards and development requirements for ASP flooding produced water quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}