Journal of water process engineering最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting the interplay between Comammox and Anammox: cooperative or competitive?","authors":"Yihao Bian ,&nbsp;Kunming Fu ,&nbsp;Xun He ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Li ,&nbsp;Xinlin Wang ,&nbsp;Yongji Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complete ammonia oxidation (Comammox) has challenged the traditional two-step nitrification paradigm and reshaped the understanding of nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) technology is considered as a suitable process for future wastewater treatment. However, the limited availability of substrates for Anammox has consistently hindered its broader application. The Comammox process has often been neglected in previous studies of Anammox. However, as far as the current study is concerned, Comammox may contribute to the advancement of wastewater treatment in the future with its wide distribution, strong environmental adaptability and low greenhouse-gas emissions. Recent studies have shown that Comammox may have the ability of nitrite leakage during ammonia oxidation, which provides a new pathway for substrate acquisition for the Anammox process. In this study, the relationship between Comammox and Anammox was elaborated based on their functions by comparing the distribution of both, as well as the similarity and specificity of the effects of different environmental factors on them. It was noted that the synergistic effects of Comammox and Anammox should be further explored. A possible strategy to achieve a fast nitrite supply by Comammox is proposed and the optimization of kinetic parameters is suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107918"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing electrochemical sensing: Ultra-sensitive non-enzymatic detection of 4-aminophenol with a novel cu-PANI nanocomposite","authors":"Muhammad Tayyab ,&nbsp;Abdur Rahim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tariq ,&nbsp;Zia Ul Haq Khan ,&nbsp;Sana Sabahat ,&nbsp;Jibran Iqbal ,&nbsp;Dalia Fouad ,&nbsp;Abdul Qadeer ,&nbsp;Farid S. Ataya ,&nbsp;Lubna Sherin","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an electrochemical sensor utilizing copper polyaniline (Cu-PANI) nanocomposites (NCs) for the detection of 4-aminophenol. Polyaniline (PANI) is synthesized through the in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method, which involves the concurrent polymerization of aniline and the generation of copper nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. It is suggested that the copper nanoparticles interact with the mobile groups of polyaniline via electrostatic forces. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies reveal that the synthesized nanocomposites contain functional groups and confirm the interaction between PANI and copper. The surface morphology of the Cu-PANI NCs is examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance of the Cu-PANI NCs toward 4-AP is assessed through voltammetry (C<em>V</em>) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It is noted that the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with Cu-PANI (Cu-PANI NCs@GCE) shows an outstanding CV response in the presence of a supporting electrolyte (0.1 M H₂SO₄) at 0.52 V. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) identifies 4-AP within the linear range of 1 to 2000 μM at Cu-PANI NCs@GCE. This sensor is distinguished by its low detection limit of 0.002 μM, high sensitivity of 15.462 μA mM¹ cm², exceptional selectivity in complex matrices, and cost-effectiveness, which make it superior to the previously reported sensor, making it ideal for environmental applications. The Cu-PANI NCs-based electrode material is relatively low-cost, robust, selective, sensitive, and possesses an excellent volume-to-surface ratio. The conclusion is that the electrochemical sensor demonstrates proficient sample-analyzing activity and is capable of effectively analyzing sewage, tap water, and industrial wastewater samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107927"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing biological phosphorus removal from carbon-limited potato processing wastewater: enhancing EBPR through organic load optimization","authors":"Dorothee Göttert,&nbsp;Johanna Geesey,&nbsp;Jana Scheynen,&nbsp;Jan Dries","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) offers a sustainable alternative to chemical methods for industrial wastewater treatment, addressing a demand in the Belgian potato processing industry. This study develops a fully biological Sequencing Batch Reactor cycle for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the carbon-limited anaerobic digestate (“effluent”), utilizing pre-anaerobic digestate (“influent”) as an internal carbon source. The research was conducted in three testing packages: (I) preliminary batch testing to assess the influent feedwater's suitability as a carbon source, (II) cycle configuration and feeding strategy testing, and (III) carbon dose limiting testing to determine organic loading thresholds. After determining that a split effluent and influent feedwater feeding is necessary to give EBPR the carbon advantage, COD, TN, and TP removal efficiencies of 98.1 %, 98.9 %, and 93 % respectively were achieved. While evaluating organic load dosing through effluent-to-influent feedwater ratios ranging from 2:1 to 4:1, a marked decline in phosphate release and uptake activity was observed after a ratio of 3:1, despite all phases remaining within the TN and TP discharge limits of 15 and 5 mg/L, respectively. Given the inherent fluctuations in wastewater composition throughout the production day, effluent-to-influent feedwater ratios offer a more reliable and adaptive control strategy than COD:N and COD:P ratios. Molecular analysis revealed key microbial communities driving EBPR, including <em>Ca_</em>Accumulibacter, <em>Dechloromonas</em>, and <em>Tetrasphaera</em>. With a focus on practical application and scalability, this study highlights the importance of maintaining suitable carbon-to-nutrient ratios for stable biological nutrient removal performance in complex industrial wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107890"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cobalt ferricyanide/ZIF-67/composted humus gel composite for improved cesium ion removal from wastewater","authors":"Hao Fang ,&nbsp;Lu Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Ni ,&nbsp;Shanshan Feng ,&nbsp;Wenhao Jia ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Ma ,&nbsp;Zhengwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Sheng Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed an innovative adsorbent—cobalt ferrocyanide/ZIF-67/aged garbage humus soil aerogel (PBA/ZIF-67/AARH aerogel)—specifically designed for the effective removal of cesium ions (Cs) from radioactive wastewater. The aerogel exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of up to 51.92 mg/g, maintaining excellent Cs adsorption performance even in complex aquatic environments that contain other ions and dissolved organic matter (DOM). The experimental results showed that the adsorption effect of PBA/ZIF-67/AARH aerogel was the best when the dosage of PBA/ZIF-67/AARH aerogel was 0.01 g and pH value was 5. The adsorption capacity was 29.75 ± 0.5 mg/g. At the same time, PBA/ZIF-67/AARH aerogel has good regeneration stability. After five sorption-desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity is 20.1 ± 0.3 mg/g, and the Cs removal rate remains at 84.5 ± 0.5%. The PBA/ZIF-67/AARH aerogel also has a large specific surface area, reaching 30.7950 m²/g. Experimental analyses indicated that the Cs removal process aligns with both the Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetics, revealing key mechanisms for adsorption efficiency, including ion exchange, functional group complexation, and the synergistic effects of cross-linking. This research provides a novel solution for the efficient removal of Cs, establishing a solid theoretical and practical foundation for future applications in pollution water treatment technologies. It holds significant potential for environmental protection and profound implications for human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107752"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting vacuum ultraviolet (185 nm) emission intensities in low-pressure mercury lamp photoreactors for photolytic destruction of water contaminants","authors":"Eman Z. Alhamdan ,&nbsp;Daniel Spicer ,&nbsp;Ezra L. Cates","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct photolysis by 185 nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons emitted by low-pressure mercury (LP-Hg) lamps enables destructive treatment of water contaminants that resist degradation by conventional advanced oxidation processes. The treatment challenges associated with poly-/perfluoroalkyl substances, in particular, have renewed interest VUV photolysis, which offers a relatively simple and effective means of PFAS degradation. Since LP-Hg lamps have traditionally been used more widely in ultraviolet-C applications, output data and operational guidelines specific to VUV applications are more difficult to access or measure. Herein, we assessed perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) photodegradation efficiency using LP-Hg lamp systems from various manufacturers to gauge the variability in 185 nm output and isolate key design and operational aspects. Results indicated a wide variation in VUV output efficiency, with over a 90 % reduction in electrical energy per order destruction (EE/O) between the least and most effective combinations of lamp, ballast, and quartz sleeves, as a result of their physical design aspects. Furthermore, we found that output efficiency was significantly affected by the steady-state temperature achieved when submerged in the photoreactor, relative to the intended operating temperature of the lamp. Consequently, VUV intensity comparisons performed in an N₂-purged collimated beam with VUV radiometer were not useful predictors of relative performance when submerged in a photoreactor. The results also suggest that many past laboratory studies of VUV photolytic treatment approaches likely used sub-optimal lamp system configurations, resulting in misleading results with respect to the energy efficiency of VUV treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107909"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic mechanisms of 3D electrochemical processes and multi-oxidant integration for enhanced water purification","authors":"Qin Xue ,&nbsp;Chenlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Mehary Dagnew ,&nbsp;Jingwen Yu ,&nbsp;Xinmiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Chun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in three-dimensional electrochemical processes (3DEPs) have demonstrated significant potential in the field of water purification. Compared with traditional two-dimensional electrochemical processes (2DEPs), 3DEPs offer several key advantages, including enhanced mass transport, increased active sites, and improved conductivity. Additionally, when coupled with other oxidants, the synergistic effects are further amplified through the generation of powerful free radical species (e.g., <span><math><mmultiscripts><mi>OH</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><mspace></mspace><mo>•</mo></mmultiscripts></math></span>, <span><math><msubsup><mi>SO</mi><mn>4</mn><mrow><mo>•</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>, <span><math><msup><mi>Cl</mi><mo>•</mo></msup></math></span>, etc.) and non-radical species (<span><math><msub><mmultiscripts><mi>O</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><mspace></mspace><mn>1</mn></mmultiscripts><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span>, reactive high-valence metal species, etc.), all of which play a crucial role in the removal of emerging pollutants from aqueous solutions and significantly reduce energy consumption. In this review, we meticulously revisit the definitions, historical timelines, and fundamental principles of 3DEPs from their inception. Subsequently, a detailed examination of the performance and mechanisms at play in 3DEPs when coupled with various oxidants is provided, addressing a noteworthy aspect frequently overlooked in existing literature reviews. Furthermore, different reactor designs are showcased to enhance comprehension and facilitate the practical application of 3DEPs in water treatment. Finally, prospects are discussed in light of the core content presented earlier.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107882"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass transfer-enhanced continuous flow electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorinated organics using a Pd/N-Gr/NF electrode","authors":"Patrick Rugira,&nbsp;Shuang Pan,&nbsp;Mehvish Manzoor,&nbsp;Weiqi Huang,&nbsp;Xin Zhao,&nbsp;Can Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing a novel electrocatalytic reactor system for the effective elimination of chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs) from water holds significant potential for environmental remediation. The integration of a continuous flow reactor (CFR) system with a Pd-based electrode (Pd/N-Gr/NF) is noteworthy, as it enhances the efficiency of electrochemical hydrodechlorination (EHDC) due to its exceptional ability to generate atomic hydrogen (H*). This study demonstrates the application of CFR in the EHDC system for the efficient removal of COPs. The continuous flow removal of various chlorophenols was investigated. Due to the CFR system's efficient mass transfer, 2-CP, 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, and 2,4,6-TCP achieved 100 % dechlorination efficiency in 60 min. The factors influencing EHDC, including pollutant initial concentration, pH, current density and catholyte volume, were evaluated. Phenol was identified as the predominant resultant of 2,4,6-TCP dechlorination. The analysis of hydrodechlorination paths and toxicity evaluation was conducted based on intermediate byproducts identified through LC-MS. The CFR system demonstrated effective performance in addressing wastewater containing hardness ions, humic acid (HA) and various chlorinated compounds. Additionally, the influence of temperature on the hydrodechlorination of 2,4,6-TCP and the system's stability was examined. The CFR demonstrated stability across 10 consecutive reuse cycles, suggesting its potential application in practical contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Environmental implication</h3><div>EHDC using Pd-based electrodes is a promising method for removing COPs from industrial wastewater. However, challenges such as Pd scarcity, high costs, complex electrode synthesis, and limited durability hinder its widespread application. This study introduces a CFR with a Pd/N-Gr/NF cathode that dechlorinates efficiently with modest Pd loading. The CFR system's excellent mass and electron transfer properties enable superior pollutant removal with reduced Pd usage, lower current consumption, and enhanced current efficiency. Additionally, the system demonstrates stability, cost-effective electrode fabrication, and the ability to treat complex water matrices, making it highly suitable for large-scale EHDC applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107895"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mitigation efficacy and mechanism for H2S and CH4 emission from wastewater by adding bacterium-fungus mixture","authors":"Zheng Qi,&nbsp;Tipei Jia,&nbsp;Wenjie Cong,&nbsp;Jinying Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaerobic conditions in wastewater systems produce H₂S and CH₄, leading to pipeline corrosion and environmental risks. While various chemical solutions have been proposed, they often suffer from secondary pollution. This study developed and optimized a microbial strategy to reduce H₂S and CH₄ emissions by simultaneously adding yeast and bacterial strain. Optimal results were obtained with a 1:2 ratio of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> to <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> at 10⁷ CFU/mL, achieving reductions of 65.8 % for H₂S and 62.4 % for CH₄. The addition of bacterium-fungus mixture altered carbon and sulfur metabolic pathways, community structure, and functional gene abundance, which ultimately reduced H₂S and CH₄ emissions. Specifically, the increase in redox potential leads to the accumulation of other sulfur compounds such as S₂O₃²⁻. Additionally, elevated concentrations of long-chain fatty acids and decreased acetate concentrations limited the substrates required for CH₄ production. Community structure and metagenomic analyses confirmed these changes, showing reduced relative abundances of sulfate-reducing bacteria, methanogens, and associated functional genes, as well as increased genes abundance associated with organic sulfur synthesis and propionate/butyrate production. These findings demonstrate that addition of bacterium-fungus mixture can effectively modulate microbial community structure and metabolic pathways, offering a viable strategy for reducing H₂S and CH₄ emissions in wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107889"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocatalytic membrane-driven ozonation to reconstruct the extracellular polymeric substance for enhanced sludge dewatering","authors":"Yantao Song ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenao Gu ,&nbsp;Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Haihua Bao ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Yuting Liu ,&nbsp;Zongqiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern wastewater treatment plants safeguard water environment but generate enormous waste activated sludge (WAS), posing significant environmental risks. Conventional WAS conditioning methods require intensive chemical dosages to alter EPS structures, leaving behind heavy metal ions and polymeric residues that complicate subsequent disposal processes. Herein, we proposed an electrocatalytic membrane (EM) system integrating O₃ aeration with catalytic ozonation, achieving a 47.2 % improvement in sludge dewatering properties. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) with redox potentials ranging from 0.33 to 2.70 V vs NHE were generated and ensured efficient sludge conditioning. Moderate oxidation was achieved by regulating the O₃ dosage (8.21 mg/g VSS), which reconstructed the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) while avoiding excessive release of TB-EPS and intracellular organic matters arising from cell lysis. The increased protein/polysaccharide ratio and hydrophobicity of the sludge contributed to the enhanced dewatering performance. Moreover, Fe residuals from the catalyst were effectively reduced during the EM-facilitated electrocatalytic ozonation of the sludge, making it ideal for subsequent disposal and reuse. This approach provides a green solution for sludge conditioning, minimizing oxidant dosage and heavy metal residuals, representing a critical step in advancing wastewater treatment toward low-carbon, sustainable resource recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107768"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-pot facile synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles with Co3O4 support at room temperature to enhance the catalytic efficiency in 4-nitrophenol reduction","authors":"Merve Yelboğa ,&nbsp;Merve Akbayrak","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the synthesis of ruthenium-doped Co₃O₄ nanoparticles (Ru/Co₃O₄ NPs) via a one-pot, room-temperature method and the usage for 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction reaction. The catalyst was characterized by advanced analytical techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The reaction conditions were optimized by studying the effects of catalyst amounts, concentration of 4-NP and NaBH₄ on the reaction. Ru/Co₃O₄ catalyst exhibits high performance in the reduction of 4-NP to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). Ru/Co₃O₄ NPs achieve 0.05 s⁻¹ reaction rate and 159.03 h⁻¹ turnover frequency value. The catalyst completes full conversion of 0.08 mM and 0.40 mM solution of 4-NP within 60 s and 110 s, respectively. The Ru/Co₃O₄ NPs, containing just 0.05 mg of Ru, demonstrated excellent efficiency by converting 10.0 mg of 4-NP in 6.5 mL of water which is far exceeding the permissible limit of 10 μg/L. Ru/Co₃O₄ NPs also demonstrate excellent stability and retain its activity up to 150 cycles which shows its potential for long-term use in sustainable environmental applications. This enhanced catalytic performance exhibits its potential for rapid and effective remediation of nitroaromatic contaminated wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107866"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}