Journal of water process engineering最新文献

{"title":"Recycling in livestock: Reuse of corral washing water and reduction of the release of pathogenic microorganisms into the environment","authors":"Juliana Kassis ,&nbsp;Thais Girardi Carpanez ,&nbsp;Anderson Machado de Melo Junior ,&nbsp;Henrique Vieira de Mendonça ,&nbsp;Marcelo Henrique Otenio ,&nbsp;Jonathas Batista Gonçalves Silva ,&nbsp;Sue Ellen Costa Bottrel","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess the viability of utilizing dairy cattle wastewater (DCW) in a recirculation system for cleaning cattle confinement units. Aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly “SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation”; “SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production” and “SDG 14: Life Bellow Water”, the objectives included quantifying water savings achieved through recirculation, and determining the reduction in enterobacteria, indicative of <em>Escherichia coli</em>, prevented from entering the environment. The recirculation of DCW for hydraulic cleaning of cattle confinement unit floors resulted in remarkable water savings, reaching up to 99.61 %. This process successfully averted the release of approximately 6.43 × 10⁴ CFU/mL of pathogenic organisms into the environment. The incorporation of a biodigester into the system yielded dual benefits in the form of biogas and biofertilizer, which could be reintegrated into the production process. Beyond the immediate benefits of water conservation, this approach contributes to sustainable water resource management and preserves the quality of watercourses. The integration of such innovative practices underscores the potential to enhance environmental stewardship in agriculture, aligning with broader goals of sustainability and circular economic principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108217"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of metformin on sewage sludge anaerobic digestion: Focusing on changes in microbial metabolites and community/functional genes","authors":"Jishi Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruixi Wang ,&nbsp;Yu Gu ,&nbsp;Zhaoyi Duan ,&nbsp;Zhengyi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metformin (MEF) is commonly used in the treatment of diabetes and is often detected in sewage sludge, but its effect on anaerobic digestion (AD) for methane (CH₄) production has rarely been investigated. This study revealed the influence of MEF on AD of sewage sludge. MEF significantly interfered with AD process, causing CH₄ yield reduction of 9.67 % and 30.18 % exposure on 6 mM and 9 mM of MEF, compared to the control groups without MEF, respectively. Liquid phase analyses revealed that MEF led to the accumulation of butyric and acetic acids and the increase in protein and polysaccharide contents at the initial stage of AD, showing the sludge dissolution. In addition, the high-throughput sequencing identified <em>Firmicutes</em> as the main contributor to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), with its relative abundance rising from 35.45 % to 47.48 %. Conversely, the relative abundance of <em>Methanosaeta</em> decreased from 56.21 % to 36.0 %, causing low CH₄ yield. Furthermore, an analysis of the changes in enzyme abundance involved in metabolic processes indicated that MEF could disrupt the metabolic pathway, thereby inhibiting CH₄ yield. Surprisingly, MEF could not be decomposed by anaerobes while it could be adsorbed by the sludge in AD. Thus, low cost and efficient pretreatment techniques for the PPCPs containing sewage waste are recommended to obtain suitable substrates for more CH₄.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of mathematical models to predict permeate water quality in pilot- and full-scale reverse osmosis processes","authors":"Christopher R. Hagglund,&nbsp;Steven J. Duranceau","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An evaluation that investigated the accuracy and precision of various mathematical models in predicting permeate water quality for pilot- and full-scale reverse osmosis (RO) membrane processes treating brackish ground water containing scale inhibitors has been completed. Process feed, permeate and concentrate were monitored for flow, pressure, and water quality at operating pilot- and full-scale facilities that employed polyamide-based thin-film composite spiral-wound element configurations. The collected information was used to predict water and solute mass transfer using common porous and non-porous mechanistic-based mathematical models. Overall, this study demonstrated the application of 27 models (or model modifications) for predicting the permeate water quality of pilot- and full-scale RO processes using operation information taken directly from utilities' SCADA output data. The solution friction model was observed to be the most accurate in predicting permeate TDS and chloride, partially attributed to its' accurate estimation of the water mass transfer coefficient (MTC) and supported by <em>t</em>-test and Monte Carlo analysis. The solution diffusion method of determining k_w-SD, which used the water flux and net driving pressure, was further refined with power and exponential functions to account for performance decline. These functions were generally accurate in predicting the observed water MTC; however, the k_w-SD approach proved to be more reliable. The solute mass transfer coefficients were determined experimentally and empirically using the Sherwood number correlation. The constants used for Sherwood number correlations under laminar or turbulent flow conditions typically failed to accurately predict actual solute mass transfer values unless a model-fitting approach was used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108167"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale zero-valent iron loaded on boron-doped coffee grounds highly efficiently activates peroxymonosulfate to degrade tetracycline","authors":"Xiangyu Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Feng ,&nbsp;Youxue Deng ,&nbsp;Iseult Lynch ,&nbsp;Jun Ma ,&nbsp;Ping Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The practical application of unmodified biochar in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is constrained by its limited surface functional groups and the inherent drawbacks of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), including particle aggregation and oxidative instability. To address these challenges, nZVI catalysts with controlled boron doping ratios were synthesized via coffee grounds modification, followed by systematic evaluation of their catalytic performance, mechanistic pathways, and operational parameters. Under optimized conditions (0.12 g L⁻¹ nZVI@B₁-BC and 1 mM peroxymonosulfate (PMS)), near-complete tetracycline (TC) removal (99.1 %) was achieved within 30 min. Remarkably, boron doping enhanced TC degradation kinetics by 1.51-fold compared to undoped counterparts, highlighting the pivotal role of heteroatom engineering in tailoring catalyst reactivity. The nZVI@B₁-BC composite demonstrated exceptional robustness across diverse aqueous matrices, exhibiting strong tolerance to coexisting anions, humic acid (up to 25 mg L⁻¹), and pH fluctuations (3−11). Radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis identified hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and sulfate radicals (SO₄^•−) as dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS), while HPLC-MS elucidated three potential TC degradation pathways involving dehydroxylation, demethylation, and ring-opening reactions. This work advances the rational design of biochar-supported nZVI catalysts and provides actionable insights for optimizing persulfate activation systems in antibiotic-contaminated water remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108196"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis of polyethyleneimine functionalized magnetic silicon nanocomposite for enhanced and rapid removal and recovery of hexavalent molybdenum ions","authors":"Junbiao Peng ,&nbsp;Weiheng Shu ,&nbsp;Yuan Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoguo Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molybdenum is an expensive rare metal with many application, however discharged effluents containing Mo(VI) ions from various industries constitute potential hazards to human health and the ecosystem. Thus, it is demanded to develop appropriate methods to separate and recover molybdenum from industrial wastewater. In the present work, polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized magnetic silicon (PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄) nanocomposite was synthesized by a facile approach (60 °C, 1 h), and then for the first time used as the sorbent for efficient removal and recovery of Mo(VI) ions. The prepared PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was then characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscoper, etc. Investigations of adsorption performances of the PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄ demonstrated its high adsorption capacity of 409.8 mg/g at 298 K and fast adsorption kinetics with an equilibrium time of 45 min, while the sorption process was spontaneous, endothermic and well fitted by Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The possible adsorption mechanisms include coordinate bonds and electrostatic interaction. The sorbed Mo(VI) ions were completely eluated off from PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄ sorbent using a Na₃PO₄ solution (20 g/L) within only 2 min. Outstanding reusability of PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄ was illustrated after seven adsorption–desorption cycles with only 7 % loss in sorption capacity. The PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄ was then applied to the treatment of real wastewaters containing Mo(VI), and very satisfactory results were achieved. These results suggest that the PEI@SiO₂@Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite is a potential sorbent for removing and recovery of Mo(VI) from wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108210"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-pot synthesis of visible-light responsive BiOCl/BiOBr/g-C3N4 ternary heterojunction with excellent photocatalytic activity","authors":"Lijun Cheng ,&nbsp;Jianhua Shi ,&nbsp;Bingjing Yao ,&nbsp;Yiyun Peng ,&nbsp;Wenhui Li ,&nbsp;Shun Xin ,&nbsp;Hua Gao ,&nbsp;Shaohua Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>BiOCl/BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ ternary heterojunctions were prepared via one-pot method and their photocatalytic sterilization performances for <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) under visible light illumination were investigated. The highest activity was obtained over BiOCl/BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ ternary composite with n(Bi): n(g-C₃N₄) of 1:1, which approximately inactivated 100 % of <em>E. coli</em> in 2 h and 87.67 % of <em>S. aureus</em> in 3 h. Contrast to pure BiOCl, BiOBr, g-C₃N₄ and BiOCl/g-C₃N₄, BiOBr/g-C₃N₄, BiOCl/BiOBr binary heterojunctions, the enhanced photocatalytic sterilization performance of the ternary heterojunction could be mainly attributed to its relatively stronger light absorption, larger specific surface area and more effective charge carriers separation. Last, the sterilization mechanism of the ternary heterojunction was discussed in detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108209"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper ion detection in aqueous media using a carboxamide-based colorimetric sensor and test kit: Synthesis, crystal structures, antimicrobial activity, and computational studies","authors":"Samira Fadaei Heydari ,&nbsp;Robabeh Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Vahid Amani ,&nbsp;Raziyeh Arabahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, a colorimetric chemosensor, N-(2-ethoxyphenyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (L^pz-2-OEt) compound, was synthesized via condensation of pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid and 2-ethoxyaniline, and characterized by elemental analysis, various spectroscopic methods (IR, UV–Vis, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C{¹H}NMR), DFT calculation, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. UV–Vis studies revealed that L^pz-2-OEt exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity toward Cu²⁺ ions in acetonitrile, with a distinct color change from colorless to yellow, even in the presence of competing metal ions. Job's plot analysis indicated a 2:1 ligand-to-metal stoichiometry. The detection limit (LOD) and binding constant (K_a) for Cu²⁺ were determined to be 1.10 × 10⁻⁵ M and 4.14 × 10⁹ M⁻², respectively. The sensing performance was further validated using a test kit, confirming its practical applicability. Notably, the sensor demonstrated a fast response, reversibility, and reusability. The structure of the new mononuclear Cu²⁺ complex [Cu (L^pz-2-OEt)₂(η²-NO₃)₂(H₂O)].CH₃CN (1) was determined by X-ray crystallography, and its composition was confirmed by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. This complex adopts a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal (6 + 1) coordination geometry. DFT calculations were used to optimize ground-state geometries and calculate global reactivity descriptors and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Intermolecular interactions in the crystal lattice were examined via Hirshfeld surface analysis. The synthesized compounds were also evaluated for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. The Cu²⁺ complex exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than the free ligand, while both compounds lacked antifungal activity. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the design of efficient and reusable chemosensors for selective Cu²⁺ detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108166"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient treatment of graywater using a multi-array dielectric barrier discharge plasma jet","authors":"Mohammad Mohammad Hosseini,&nbsp;Hamed Taghvaei","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing global demand for freshwater necessitates innovative and sustainable water treatment solutions. Graywater treatment and reuse have emerged as crucial strategies to alleviate pressure on freshwater resources. This study investigates the application of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma for graywater treatment, a method less explored compared to conventional advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The treatment involved exposing graywater to post-discharge plasma using air as the carrier gas. Plasma-generated reactive species were introduced into the water through bubbling, ensuring efficient mass transfer and enhancing contaminant degradation. Under optimal operating conditions (applied voltage: 7.6 kV, treatment time: 60 min, gas flow rate: 500 mL/min), the system achieved 90 % removal efficiency in a 30 mL reaction volume with an initial graywater concentration of 600 ppm. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of plasma-based ozonation for graywater treatment. Ionic analysis showed significant reductions in phosphate (from 38.05 ppm to 15.96 ppm) and sulfate (from 13.65 ppm to 6.23 ppm), both of which are critical components of graywater. Scavenger experiments revealed that singlet oxygen (¹O₂), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and ozone (O₃) were the primary reactive species responsible for degradation. This study highlights the potential of non-thermal plasma technology as a sustainable and efficient solution for graywater treatment. The findings present a promising approach to addressing global freshwater scarcity through advanced plasma-based oxidation processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108178"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of unculturable bacteria in the permeate of microfiltration membranes with various pore-sizes in wastewater treatment","authors":"Shuai Zhou,&nbsp;Saki Goto,&nbsp;Taro Urase","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microfiltration (MF) membranes are not completely effective at removing bacteria due to the presence of ultrasmall bacteria and the deformability of bacterial cells, both of which compromise filtration selectivity and raise concerns about the adequacy of MF for bacterial removal. Understanding the bacterial community in the permeate is crucial for enhancing filtration technologies. This study investigated the bacterial communities present in the permeate of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system to better understand the functional potential of microbial communities in MBR effluent. Next-generation sequencing revealed that bacterial community composition varied with membrane pore size. Unculturable bacteria affiliated with <em>Candidatus</em> Parcubacteria (OD1) and <em>Candidatus</em> Omnitrophica (OP3) were enriched in the permeate, indicating strong permeability, whereas Planctomycetes were largely retained. Betaproteobacteria constituted a smaller proportion in the permeate from the 0.4 μm filtration compared to that from the 0.8 μm filtration. Functional prediction suggested that permeable bacteria prioritize core metabolic functions, with reduced emphasis on secondary pathways. While membranes with smaller pore sizes reduced ARG-related bacteria, they might simultaneously enrich for bacteria with higher biofilm-forming potential in the permeate. Additionally, several chlorine-resistant bacteria (CRB), including pathogenic genera were enriched after MF. These findings demonstrate that membrane pore size may play a pivotal role in shaping microbial composition and function in the permeate, with potential implications for optimizing wastewater treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108182"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of microplastics in domestic wastewater treatment plant: Exploring ferrofluid assisted magnetic separation for microplastics removal","authors":"A. Angel Jessieleena ,&nbsp;Rakshaanth Premkumar ,&nbsp;Iniyan K E ,&nbsp;Indumathi M. Nambi","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics, particularly microfibers, are an emerging pollutant of environmental concern, with domestic wastewater, particularly laundry effluent, being the major source of microfiber contamination. Since conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are incapable of complete microfiber removal, it is essential to adopt advanced treatment technologies. Therefore, in this study, the applicability and efficiency of ferrofluid-assisted magnetic separation, an innovative, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and energy-efficient method for microfiber removal was investigated. In addition, the abundance and characteristics of microfibers present in a conventional domestic WWTP was explored and the average concentration in the raw and treated effluent of the WWTP was observed to be 139.8 ± 110 and 6.38 ± 6.63 MF/L. Further laboratory experiments exploring the efficiency of ferrofluid assisted microplastic removal revealed that palm oil as carrier liquid has yielded highest removal (&gt;99 %) efficiency of microplastics in synthetic medium. Interestingly, microfibers showed a 100 % removal in synthetic samples, with its efficiency slightly dropping to 98.6 ± 1.2 and 92.5 ± 1.6 % in the case of actual laundry wastewater and secondary effluent of a WWTP, respectively. Overall, this study monitored the abundance of microfibers in a conventional WWTP and explored the feasibility of ferrofluids for the effective removal of microplastics and microfibers in synthetic and actual wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108186"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}