Journal of Tropical Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Nanoemulsion and Nanogel Containing <i>Cuminum cyminum</i> L Essential Oil: Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Antilarval Properties.","authors":"Razie Ranjbar,&nbsp;Elham Zarenezhad,&nbsp;Abbas Abdollahi,&nbsp;Marjan Nasrizadeh,&nbsp;Samira Firooziyan,&nbsp;Najmeh Namdar,&nbsp;Mahmoud Osanloo","doi":"10.1155/2023/5075581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5075581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cuminum cyminum</i> L. is a widespread medicinal plant with a broad spectrum of biological activity. In the present study, the chemical structure of its essential oil was examined utilizing GC-MS analysis (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Then, a nanoemulsion dosage form was prepared with a droplet size and droplet size distribution (SPAN) of 121 ± 3 nm and 0.96. After that, the dosage form of the nanogel was prepared; the nanoemulsion was gelified by the addition of 3.0% carboxymethyl cellulose. In addition, the successful loading of the essential oil into the nanoemulsion and nanogel was approved by ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared) analysis. The IC50 values (half maximum inhibitory concentration) of the nanoemulsion and nanogel against A-375 human melanoma cells were 369.6 (497-335) and 127.2 (77-210) <i>μ</i>g/mL. In addition, they indicated some degrees of an antioxidant activity. Interestingly, after treatment of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> with 5000 <i>µ</i>g/mL nanogel, bacterial growth was completely (∼100%) inhibited. In addition, the growth of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> after treatment with the 5000 <i>μ</i>g/ml nanoemulsion was decreased by 80%. In addition, nanoemulsion and nanogel LC50 values for <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> larvae were attained as 43.91 (31-62) and 123.9 (111-137) <i>µ</i>g/mL. Given the natural ingredients and promising efficacy, these nanodrugs can be regarded for further research against other pathogens or mosquito larvae.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5075581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9925266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10744626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype Distribution and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Clinical Isolates of Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Puducherry, South India.","authors":"A V Sangeetha,&nbsp;Sheela Devi,&nbsp;Anandhalakshmi Subramanian,&nbsp;Mary Daniel,&nbsp;Perumal Anandh","doi":"10.1155/2023/9910380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9910380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> apart from being a colonizer in the genital region is also associated with several other invasive infections in all age groups. With the varied distribution of serotypes across different regions of the world, universal vaccination is also unattainable. However, in India, the knowledge of group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) genotype distribution is deficient. Thus, this study was initiated to add data on this aspect. <i>Methodology</i>. A cross-sectional study was conducted using isolates of group B <i>Streptococcus</i> from all clinical specimens. Along with that, the clinical specimen type and the antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates were correlated with the genotypes recognized through a multiplex PCR assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 86 isolates subjected to multiplex PCR for genotype identification, five genotypes were identified with genotype Ib as the predominant one (34.9%), followed by III (20.9%), II (16.3%), Ia (12.7%), and V (11.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrated a correlation of types Ib and III with vaginal colonization and type II with urine specimens in the current study. This preliminary study exhibited the distribution of common genotypes and their antibiotic resistance profiles in various GBS isolates. However, multiple studies across the country with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9910380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10017211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9143059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terpenoids and Bio-Functions of Essential Oils Hydrodistilled Differently from Freshly Immature and Mature <i>Blumea balsamifera</i> Leaves.","authors":"Sirinapha Jirakitticharoen,&nbsp;Wudtichai Wisuitiprot,&nbsp;Pongphen Jitareerat,&nbsp;Chalermchai Wongs-Aree","doi":"10.1155/2023/5152506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5152506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The volatiles and antioxidant capacity of essential oils (EOs) extracted from freshly immature and mature leaves of <i>Blumea balsamifera</i> at various hydrodistillation times were investigated. Seven major terpenoids were identified: two monoterpenes, camphor and L-borneol, and five sesquiterpenes, silphiperfol-5-ene, 7-epi-silphiperfol-5-ene, <i>ß</i>-caryophyllene, <i>ɤ</i>-eudesmol, and <i>α</i>-eudesmol. The quantity and terpenoid composition of the EOs were impressed by leaf maturity and hydrodistillation times. The yield of EOs from the immature leaves was 1.4 times that of mature leaves, with 73% of the yield acquired within the first 6 hours (hrs) of hydrodistillation. Approximately 97% of camphor and L-borneol, 80% of <i>ß</i>-caryophyllene, silphiperfolene, and 7-epi-silphiperfolene, 32% of <i>ɤ</i>-eudesmol, and 54% <i>α</i>-eudesmol were collected in the first 6 hrs of hydrodistillation. More <i>ß</i>-caryophyllene, <i>ɤ</i>-eudesmol, and <i>α</i>-eudesmol were found in the mature leaf EOs. The antioxidant capacity of the EOs was proportionally related to their terpenoid contents. The EOs extracted from immature leaves at 0-6 hrs of hydrodistillation demonstrated distinctive antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus,</i> with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5152506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9188059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antihelminthic Activity of <i>Lophira Lanceolata</i> on <i>Heligmosomoides polygyrus</i> Using an Automated High-Throughput Method.","authors":"Yamssi Cédric,&nbsp;Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia,&nbsp;Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul,&nbsp;Samuel Berinyuy,&nbsp;Mounvera Abdel Azizi,&nbsp;Tientcheu Noutong Jemimah Sandra,&nbsp;Ngouyamsa Nsapkain Aboubakar Sidiki,&nbsp;Vincent Khan Payne","doi":"10.1155/2023/9504296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9504296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are about 13 parasitic infections that are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality but have not received the attention they deserve; thus, they are now known as \"neglected tropical diseases\" (NTDs). This study was aimed at evaluating the antihelminthic activities of <i>Lophira lanceolata</i> using an automated high-throughput method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antihelminthic activity effect of the extracts against <i>H</i>. <i>polygyrus</i> was determined using an automated high-throughput method. For the egg-hatching test, 100 <i>μ</i>L of embryonated egg suspension (60 eggs) was added to 100 <i>μ</i>L of various concentrations of extracts, levamisole, and 1.5% DMSO in a 96-well round-bottom microtitre plate. After mixing, the 96-well microplate was placed in WMicroTracker and incubated for 24 h at 25°C; the movements were recorded every 30 minutes. The same procedure was used for the larval motility assays, where 100 <i>μ</i>L of L1 or L2 larvae (50 larvae) were put in contact with 100 <i>μ</i>L of various concentrations of extracts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ovicidal activity (hatching) had an IC₅₀ of 1.4 mg/mL for the ethanol extract. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of <i>L</i>. <i>lanceolata</i> showed larvicidal activity on the L1 larvae with IC₅₀ of 1.85 mg/mL and 2.4 mg/mL, respectively, as well as on the L2 larvae with IC₅₀ values of 1.08 mg/mL and 1.02 mg/mL for the aqueous and ethanol extracts, respectively. These results showed that the aqueous extract exhibited a stronger inhibitory power on the hatching rate of parasites than ethanol extracts, while the contrary effect was observed for the larval motility assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides scientific data on the use of <i>L</i>. <i>lanceolata</i> by the local population for the treatment of helminthiases. However, <i>in vivo</i> and toxicity tests are necessary to assess its activity and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9504296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9883098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10586188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effort to Rationalize Antibiotic Use in Indonesian Hospitals: Practice and Its Implication.","authors":"Selma Siahaan,&nbsp;Rukmini Rukmini,&nbsp;Betty Roosihermiatie,&nbsp;Pramita Andarwati,&nbsp;Rini S Handayani,&nbsp;Ingan U Tarigan,&nbsp;Tita Rosita,&nbsp;Rustika Rustika,&nbsp;Yuslely Usman,&nbsp;Lusi Kristiana","doi":"10.1155/2023/7701712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7701712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An effective strategy for combatting AMR in Indonesia is to make the use of antibiotics in hospitals more rational with the help of an Antimicrobial Resistance Control Program (AMR-CP). This study aims to analyze the implementation of the AMR-CP in hospitals by conducting in-depth interviews with health professionals from ten hospitals and health officers of ten provincial health offices in ten different provinces and observation towards its documents. The sample location was selected by purposive sampling. Informants at the hospitals were hospital directors, chairmen of the AMR-CP team, chairmen of the medical committee, persons in charge of the microbiology laboratory, clinicians, nurses, clinical pharmacists, and those program managers at the provincial health offices who are responsible for administering antibiotics. Information is first collected and then a thematic analysis is applied along with triangulation to confirm the validity of information from multiple sources, including document observation results. The analysis is adapted to the framework of the system (i.e., input, process, and output). Results show that hospitals in Indonesia already have the resources to implement AMR-CP, including AMR-CP team and microbiology laboratories. Six hospitals examined also have clinicians trained in microbiology. Though hospital leadership and its commitment to implementing AMR-CP are favorable, there is room for improvement. AMR-CP teams organize routine activities for socialization and training, develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) for antibiotic use, antibiotic patterns surveillance, and bacterial mapping. Some obstacles to implementing AMR-CP policies are posed by the human resources, facilities, budget, antibiotics and reagent shortages, and clinician compliance with SOPs. The study concludes that there was an improvement in antibiotic sensitivity patterns, rational use of antibiotics, use of microbiological laboratories, and cost-efficiency. It recommends the government and healthcare providers continue to improve AMR-CP in hospitals and promote AMR-CP policy by making the regional health office of the hospital a representative of the regional government.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"7701712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9985506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10857226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Genotypes in Endocervical Specimens by Sequence Analysis of ompA Gene among Women in Tehran.","authors":"Mohammadreza Rajabpour,&nbsp;Amir Darb Emamie,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Pourmand","doi":"10.1155/2023/8845565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8845565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tehran's actual prevalence of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (CT) and its genotypes are still unclear. Molecular typing of CT strains can provide essential epidemiological knowledge and contribute to improved control measures. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of CT and its genotypes in the endocervical infections of females who attended the gynecology and infertility clinics in Tehran. A total of 291 women were tested for chlamydial infection by in-house PCR using specific primers for the CT cryptic plasmid. Nested PCR for amplification of the ompA gene in positive samples was carried out, genotyping was performed by sequencing this gene, and further phylogenetic analysis was conducted. Sexual infection by CT was observed in 10.3% (30/291) of the subjects, and the mean age of patients was 30.4. The ompA gene was sequenced in 27 samples, revealing E genotypes 40.7%, (<i>n</i> = 11), F 25.9%, (<i>n</i> = 7), G 18.5%, (<i>n</i> = 5), D 11.1%, (<i>n</i> = 3), and K 3.7%, (<i>n</i> = 1). This study emphasizes the importance of the diversity among CT genotypes in our studied population and the need for wide-screening the neglected bacterial infection among women in Tehran.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"8845565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10406551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Genotype of <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> among Men in Xinxiang City, Henan Province, China.","authors":"Zhenchao Zhang,&nbsp;Yuhui Sang,&nbsp;Pucheng Wu,&nbsp;Yujia Shang,&nbsp;Lesong Li,&nbsp;Yujuan Duan,&nbsp;Linfei Zhao,&nbsp;Minghui Gao,&nbsp;Lihua Guo,&nbsp;Xiaowei Tian,&nbsp;Zhenke Yang,&nbsp;Shuai Wang,&nbsp;Lixia Hao,&nbsp;Xuefang Mei","doi":"10.1155/2023/4119956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4119956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> (<i>T. vaginalis</i>) could cause trichomoniasis through sexual transmission, which was globally distributed. In this study, the prevalence and phylogenetic analyses of <i>T. vaginalis</i> among men in Xinxiang were conducted. From October 2018 to December 2019, a total of 634 male clinical samples were collected, including 254 samples of semen, 43 samples of prostate fluid, and 337 samples of urine. These samples were examined by nested PCR and a total of 32 (5.05%) <i>T. vaginalis</i>-positive samples were detected. Among these samples, the positive rates of <i>T. vaginalis</i> in semen, prostate fluid, and urine were 7.87% (20/254), 4.65% (2/43), and 2.97% (10/337), respectively. Three actin genes were successfully isolated and sequenced from the 32 positive DNA samples, and the analysis of the sequence and phylogenetic tree showed that the three actin gene sequences exhibited 99.7%-100% homology to the published actin gene sequence (EU076580) in NCBI, and the <i>T. vaginalis</i> strains in the three positive samples were identified as genotype E. Our results demonstrate a notable genotype of <i>T. vaginalis</i> in the male population and provide insight into the performance of these genetic markers in the molecular epidemiology of trichomoniasis. However, further studies are needed to research the association between the genotype and the pathogenicity of <i>T. vaginalis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"4119956"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9991476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9087517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution, Prevalence, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Infectious Noncholera <i>Vibrio</i> Species in Malaysia.","authors":"Murnihayati Hassan,&nbsp;Mohammad Ridhuan Mohd Ali,&nbsp;Hana Farizah Zamri,&nbsp;Nur Asyura Nor Amdan,&nbsp;Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai,&nbsp;Saraswathiy Maniam,&nbsp;Norfarrah Mohamed Alipiah,&nbsp;Rohaidah Hashim","doi":"10.1155/2023/2716789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2716789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The noncholera <i>Vibrio</i> spp. which cause vibriosis are abundantly found in our water ecosystem. These bacteria could negatively affect both humans and animals. To date, there is a paucity of information available on the existence and pathogenicity of this particular noncholera <i>Vibrio</i> spp. in Malaysia in comparison to their counterpart, <i>Vibrio cholera</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we extracted retrospective data from Malaysian surveillance database. Analysis was carried out using WHONET software focusing noncholera <i>Vibrio</i> spp. including <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>, <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i>, <i>Vibrio fluvialis</i>, <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i>, <i>Vibrio hollisae</i> (<i>Grimontia hollisae</i>), <i>Vibrio mimicus</i>, <i>Vibrio metschnikovii</i>, and <i>Vibrio furnissii</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we report the first distribution and prevalence of these species isolated in Malaysia together with the antibiotic sensitivity profile based on the species. We found that <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> is the predominant species isolated in Malaysia. Noticeably, across the study period, <i>V. fluvialis</i> is becoming more prevalent, as compared to <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>. In addition, this study also reports the first isolation of pathogenic <i>V. furnissii</i> from stool in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data represent an important step toward understanding the potential emergence of noncholera <i>Vibrio</i> spp. outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2716789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10238136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Asymptomatic Malaria Parasitemia among Blood Donors in Cape Coast, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ato Kwamena Tetteh,&nbsp;Sadick Arthur,&nbsp;Prince Bram,&nbsp;Charles Baffe,&nbsp;Godsway Aglagoh","doi":"10.1155/2023/8685482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8685482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria is an important transfusion-associated infection in many parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is endemic. We studied the prevalence of malaria parasites among blood donors in the Cape Coast Metropolitan Area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A malaria parasite examination was added to the blood donor screening protocol for 240 voluntary and replacement blood donors (224 males and 16 females) between December 2020 and July 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 2.5% (6/240) had <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> trophozoites detected in their blood sample. The remaining had no parasites detected. Four of the 148 who passed the blood donor screening tests were infected. The remaining two with malaria parasites failed one screening test. These included one donor with \"hepatitis <i>B</i> + <i>P. falciparum</i>\" and another with \"syphilis + <i>P. falciparum</i>\" parasite coinfection. All blood donors who had malaria parasites detected in their blood were males. Most donors, 45.8% (110/240), were in the 26-35 age group, with the highest prevalence of 1.3% (3/240). Blood group O was predominant (75.0%, 180/240), followed by B (12.9%, 31/240), A (11.3%, 27/240), and AB (0.8%, 2/240). All malaria parasites detected were among individuals with blood group O. Moreover, 96.3% (231/240) were rhesus-positive and had the highest prevalence of 2.1% (5/240).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Screening of blood donors in Ghana does not include malaria, although there is the potential for transmission through blood products. Malaria transmission via blood transfusion remains an issue of public health concern, as indicated in the results of this current study. We recommend studies on malaria prevention, pretransfusion and posttransfusion, and pathogen reduction technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":"2023 ","pages":"8685482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9833917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Mass Drug Administration on Lymphatic Filariasis","authors":"I. F. Aboagye, Yvonne Abena Afadua Addison","doi":"10.1155/2022/7504871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7504871","url":null,"abstract":"Mass drug administration (MDA) has made a significant impact on the control of lymphatic filariasis (LF) since the establishment of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis. However, its implementation is associated with several challenges, hampering interruption of parasite transmission and LF elimination in endemic areas. This study assessed the impact of MDA by comparing baseline microfilaria and antigen prevalence with those after three years (mid-term) and ≥5 years of MDA implementation and their respective prevalence reductions and identified specific challenges that may hinder its effective implementation. Three years of MDA implementation were observed to have microfilaria prevalence reductions (88.54% to 98.66%) comparable to those of studies that implemented MDA for five to 10 years (≥5 years, 79.23% to 98.26%). Inadequate community understanding of and participation in the LF MDA programme are major drawbacks to its effective implementation. The implementation of MDA that incorporates community participation, incentivisation, education, and training strategies has the potential of increasing MDA coverage and compliance, thereby interrupting parasite transmission and reducing microfilarial prevalence to levels that warrant LF elimination.","PeriodicalId":17527,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42822802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}