Journal of traumatic stress最新文献_第3页

Tracking individualized stuck points in cognitive processing therapy: The amount of change matters. 追踪认知加工治疗中的个体化瓶颈：改变的数量很重要。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23155

Philip Held, Daniel R Szoke, Sarah A Pridgen, Dale L Smith

{"title":"Tracking individualized stuck points in cognitive processing therapy: The amount of change matters.","authors":"Philip Held, Daniel R Szoke, Sarah A Pridgen, Dale L Smith","doi":"10.1002/jts.23155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23155","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) targets maladaptive beliefs called \"stuck points,\" which are typically assessed using standardized measures (e.g., the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory [PTCI]). This study examined whether changes in person-specific individualized stuck points (ISPs) were associated with reductions in self-reported and clinician-rated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and whether ISPs predicted PTSD severity beyond general stuck points (GSPs) measured using the PTCI. Adults (N = 57) with PTSD received 1-week massed virtual CPT via one of two randomized controlled trials. ISPs were tracked, and ISP belief strengths were rated after every other session and at 1- and 3-month follow-ups. Linear mixed-effects models examined associations between ISP changes and self-reported (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 [PCL-5]) and clinician-rated PTSD (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 [CAPS-5]) symptom reductions, adjusting for baseline depression, gender, age, and treatment condition. Participants showed large reductions in PTSD symptoms from baseline to 1-month follow-up, MPCL-5 reduction = 29.4, d = 2.02; MCAPS-5 reduction = 10.49, d = 0.72. Average ISP belief strength decreased by 50.2% during treatment and up to 1-month follow-up, d = 2.75. Higher numbers of ISPs also predicted reduced PCL-5 scores, p = .021, R2 = .02. However, when controlling for PTCI score, ISPs no longer significantly predicted PTSD symptom change, ps = .352-.534, whereas PTCI scores remained significant predictors, p < .001. ISP reductions were associated with PTSD symptom improvements but did not predict outcomes beyond PTCI-assessed GSPs. Tracking ISPs may still be valuable for tailoring therapy and enhancing patient engagement.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interplay between cortisol and oxytocin in aggressive adolescents: The role of trauma. 青少年攻击性行为中皮质醇和催产素的相互作用：创伤的作用。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23161

Kalista Meulenbeek, Iro Fragkaki, Flavia Spagnuolo, Luca Frankenberger, Maaike Cima

{"title":"The interplay between cortisol and oxytocin in aggressive adolescents: The role of trauma.","authors":"Kalista Meulenbeek, Iro Fragkaki, Flavia Spagnuolo, Luca Frankenberger, Maaike Cima","doi":"10.1002/jts.23161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23161","url":null,"abstract":"The neuroendocrine profile of aggressive adolescents shows inconsistencies, potentially influenced by trauma exposure. Specifically, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-oxytocinergic circuitry may vary among aggressive youth based on past trauma exposure, with a positive interplay between cortisol and oxytocin in those with higher levels of trauma, as a result of the simultaneous hormone release to cope with trauma-related stress. To explore this hypothesis, this study collected saliva samples at three time points (morning, afternoon, and evening) over 2 consecutive days from male adolescents (N = 57, Mage = 17.95 years, SD = 2.44) in residential youth care facilities. In addition, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence and frequency of trauma exposure. A linear mixed-effects model showed a significant interaction effect, B = 0.06, p = .015, ΔR2 = .013, with simple-slope analysis showing a positive association between cortisol and oxytocin in residential youth with higher levels of childhood trauma exposure, B = 0.08, p = .007, but not those with lower levels of trauma exposure, consistent with our predictions. These findings suggest a possible compensatory mechanism in response to trauma and emphasize the need to consider trauma exposure when further investigating the neuroendocrine profile of aggression.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Key concepts, methods, findings, and questions about traumatic memories. 创伤性记忆的关键概念、方法、发现和问题。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23164

Chris R Brewin

引用次数: 0

Mapping the gender gradient in posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence: A machine learning approach. 绘制创伤后应激障碍患病率的性别梯度：一种机器学习方法。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23153

Rachel Kimerling, Rachel N Ward, Sam Leder, Gisselle C Tamayo, McKenzie Lockett

{"title":"Mapping the gender gradient in posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence: A machine learning approach.","authors":"Rachel Kimerling, Rachel N Ward, Sam Leder, Gisselle C Tamayo, McKenzie Lockett","doi":"10.1002/jts.23153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23153","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women is over twice that of men, but the underlying mechanisms for these differences remain poorly understood. This study introduces a novel approach to examining gender and PTSD, moving beyond the binary group labels of male and female to explore the summative impact of gender-linked sociocultural factors. Using supervised machine learning, we modeled gender from theoretical and empirically selected predictors reflecting the roles, relationships, and institutional facets of gender. This model produced continuous gender scores reflecting the social circumstances typical of male (lower scores) or female (higher scores) individuals. We then examined how well these scores were associated with past-year PTSD among trauma-exposed men and women (N = 23,936) and compared effects to those obtained using binary sex. The results revealed a clear dose-response relationship between the social circumstances typical of female gender and past-year PTSD. Main effects for gender scores, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.03, 95% CI [2.64, 6.15], were substantially larger than main effects for binary sex, aOR = 2.69, 95% CI [1.96, 3.68], z = 2.30, p = .021, even after accounting for trauma exposure and other risk factors. This study highlights the importance of quantitative approaches that move beyond binary comparisons of male and female to better elucidate sociocultural determinants of traumatic stress.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Problematic anger in a treatment-seeking Canadian veteran population: Prevalence, assessment, and treatment implications. 寻求治疗的加拿大退伍军人群体中的问题性愤怒：患病率、评估和治疗意义。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23160

Maya L Roth, Sonya G Wanklyn, Brian M Bird, Erin Collins, Dominic Gargala, Stephanie A Houle, David Forbes, Anthony Nazarov, J Don Richardson

{"title":"Problematic anger in a treatment-seeking Canadian veteran population: Prevalence, assessment, and treatment implications.","authors":"Maya L Roth, Sonya G Wanklyn, Brian M Bird, Erin Collins, Dominic Gargala, Stephanie A Houle, David Forbes, Anthony Nazarov, J Don Richardson","doi":"10.1002/jts.23160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23160","url":null,"abstract":"Anger is a natural, adaptive emotion that is culturally accepted in military settings. Problematic anger (i.e., intense anger paired with significant distress and functional impairment linked to) is gaining attention in military and veteran populations. This study examined problematic anger in 882 Canadian Armed Forces personnel and veterans referred to a specialized mental health clinic. Intake assessments included measures of anger, psychological conditions, and military and demographic variables. Approximately 63% of participants reported problematic anger. Respondents who endorsed problematic anger had higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, d = 1.06; depression, d = 0.82; anxiety symptom frequency, d = 0.94; and harmful drinking, d = 0.36, ps < .001, compared to those who did not. Sequential linear regression analyses demonstrated that PTSD symptom severity, Badjusted = 0.18, 95% CI [0.16, 0.20], R2 = .37, and anxiety symptom frequency, Badjusted = 0.55, 95% CI [0.49, 0.61], R2 = .33, accounted for the largest proportion of the variance in problematic anger symptom severity. This is the first study to report on problematic anger in a Canadian military/veteran context, and the results suggest that almost two thirds of veterans endorsed problematic anger, which is higher than previously reported prevalence rates. This study is a starting point for better understanding risk and vulnerability factors for problematic anger among Canadian military personnel and veterans and clarifying the associations among problematic anger, PTSD, and anxiety symptoms. Implementing standardized screening for problematic anger may improve diagnostic precision, treatment planning, and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to "The impact of age-related differences in emotion dysregulation on refugee mental health and social outcomes". 更正“情绪失调的年龄相关差异对难民心理健康和社会结果的影响”。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23171

引用次数: 0

Not small men: Sex-specific determinants of cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress following trauma. 不是小男人：创伤后心理社会压力下皮质醇反应的性别特异性决定因素。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23159

Liza Hinchey, Francesca Pernice, Holly Feen-Calligan, Shannon Chavez-Korell, David Merolla, Arash Javanbakht

{"title":"Not small men: Sex-specific determinants of cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress following trauma.","authors":"Liza Hinchey, Francesca Pernice, Holly Feen-Calligan, Shannon Chavez-Korell, David Merolla, Arash Javanbakht","doi":"10.1002/jts.23159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23159","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma impacts a vast percentage of the global population, with women disproportionally affected by trauma-related disorders-a disparity not explained by exposure alone. Identifying mechanisms associated with this inequity is critical to advancing preventative and responsive treatment. Blunted cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress represents one possible mechanism, though the influence of sex and specific dimensions of trauma on this condition are underinvestigated. This study examined the roles of sex, developmental timing of trauma, trauma subtype, and subjective trauma impact on cortisol reactivity. Adults (N = 59, n = 37 female) participated in the Trier Social Stress Test, completed trauma measures, and provided salivary cortisol samples. Multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate correlates of blunted cortisol reactivity in the full sample and in sex-disaggregated data to account for unique endocrinological milieus. Women who endorsed childhood trauma demonstrated blunted cortisol reactivity, B = -8.72, p = .004, f 2 = .39; notably, this association held only when participants endorsed the childhood traumatic event as their most stressful lifetime event. Considering the lack of clarity regarding the conditions under which blunted cortisol reactivity develops, these findings provide insight into factors that may confer risk for these psychophysiological changes. The observed salience of sex-disaggregated analysis has important implications for future research. Despite decades of study, the pathways linking trauma, cortisol dysregulation, and pathology remain elusive; accounting for sex differences may contribute to resolving this quandary. Unraveling these mechanisms could inform prospective risk assessment, prevention efforts, and focused clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Am I safe around you? Attachment figure activation increases perceived security but does not reduce negative interpretations of neutral expressions. 我在你身边安全吗？依恋图激活增加了感知安全性，但不减少对中性表情的负面解释。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23141

Monique C Pfaltz, Lara-Lynn Hautle, Billy Jansson, Sonja Weilenmann, Peter Peyk, Antonia M Lüönd

{"title":"Am I safe around you? Attachment figure activation increases perceived security but does not reduce negative interpretations of neutral expressions.","authors":"Monique C Pfaltz, Lara-Lynn Hautle, Billy Jansson, Sonja Weilenmann, Peter Peyk, Antonia M Lüönd","doi":"10.1002/jts.23141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23141","url":null,"abstract":"Child maltreatment (CM) is associated with social problems, such as loneliness and isolation. One factor that might contribute to these problems is the tendency for individuals who have experienced CM to interpret neutral facial expressions as negative (i.e., negativity bias). Previous research has shown that mental representations of an attachment figure (AF) can lead to positive evaluations of neutral stimuli. We assessed whether such representations can also counteract negativity bias among individuals who experienced CM. Adults (N = 159) with and without a CM history completed a facial emotion recognition task. Prior to that, 53 participants with a CM history imagined an AF, and the rest (n = 49), as well as controls with no CM history (n = 57), imagined a neutral person. Participants in the AF group, d = 0.36, p < .001, but not the two other groups, demonstrated increased self-reported security in response to the imagination task. However, imagining an AF did not lead to stronger vagal responses to the imagination task than imagining a neutral person nor did it counteract negativity bias; compared to controls, individuals who experienced CM interpreted neutral expressions more often as contempt, βs .46-.48; ps = .016-.019, regardless of whether they imagined an AF or a neutral person. Thus, imagining an AF may be a helpful intervention to increase momentary feelings of security in individuals with a CM history. However, alternative-possibly body-oriented-interventions and their potential to reduce socially relevant alterations (e.g., negativity bias) on a behavioral level should be explored.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating links between posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttrauma appraisals, and social support in older adults. 调查老年人创伤后应激症状、创伤后评估和社会支持之间的联系。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23156

Rebecca R Suzuki, Leslie Hasche, Tejas Srinivas, Kerry Gagnon, Anne P DePrince

{"title":"Investigating links between posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttrauma appraisals, and social support in older adults.","authors":"Rebecca R Suzuki, Leslie Hasche, Tejas Srinivas, Kerry Gagnon, Anne P DePrince","doi":"10.1002/jts.23156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23156","url":null,"abstract":"Research has established the importance of posttrauma appraisals to the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) across a variety of trauma types, populations, and developmental periods. Considering this large body of evidence, there is a notable lack of research on posttrauma appraisals in older adulthood. As rates of elder abuse and maltreatment grow, rates of PTSS are also expected to rise, signaling an urgent need to pinpoint the factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSS during this unique developmental period. This study extends previous research by exploring whether alienation appraisals were positively associated with PTSS when controlling for other factors known to predict PTSS, including fear appraisals, social support, and cumulative maltreatment. In a convenience sample of community-dwelling older adults (N = 99), multiple linear regression revealed that alienation appraisals were significantly associated with PTSS, β = .34, p = .002, after controlling for cumulative maltreatment (before and after 60 years of age), financial exploitation, fear appraisals, and social support, R2 = .51. Our findings suggest that consistent with research from earlier developmental periods, alienation appraisals are significantly associated with PTSS in older adults even when accounting for other factors, such as social support, that are known to be particularly important in old age. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers and facilitators to engagement in a stepped-care mental health service among violently injured patients and their caregivers. 暴力受伤患者及其照顾者参与阶梯式精神卫生服务的障碍和促进因素。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23152

Kelly E O'Connor, Theresa Skojec, Hannah C Espeleta, Ashley Hink, Leigh E Ridings, Bethany Halter, Kenneth J Ruggiero, Tatiana M Davidson

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to engagement in a stepped-care mental health service among violently injured patients and their caregivers.","authors":"Kelly E O'Connor, Theresa Skojec, Hannah C Espeleta, Ashley Hink, Leigh E Ridings, Bethany Halter, Kenneth J Ruggiero, Tatiana M Davidson","doi":"10.1002/jts.23152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23152","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study aimed to identify service needs and barriers and facilitators to treatment among violently injured patients and their caregivers (e.g., parent, partner) to improve access to and quality of care. Participants included 14 violently injured patients admitted to a Level 1 trauma center (Mage = 28 years, 92.8% Black, 92.8% male) and eight of their caregivers (Mage = 44 years, 100.0% Black, 100.0% female). Semistructured interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and deidentified. A team of three coders analyzed the data using thematic analysis. Results indicated that desired in-hospital services included social and emotional support, financial support, and support for caregivers. Desired postdischarge services included financial support and services to promote physical and emotional recovery. Patients often mentioned needing mental health services for their caregivers, whereas caregivers frequently discussed the need for financial assistance and services to support patients' physical recovery after discharge. Common facilitators for engaging in mental health treatment included support from hospital staff, family, and friends in navigating mental health service systems. Reported barriers to engaging in mental health services were a lack of readiness and limited resources. The findings highlight the critical need to integrate comprehensive care programs within trauma centers to support violently injured patients and their caregivers, reduce barriers to postinjury mental health care, and enhance access to mental health treatment.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0