{"title":"不是小男人:创伤后心理社会压力下皮质醇反应的性别特异性决定因素。","authors":"Liza Hinchey, Francesca Pernice, Holly Feen-Calligan, Shannon Chavez-Korell, David Merolla, Arash Javanbakht","doi":"10.1002/jts.23159","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma impacts a vast percentage of the global population, with women disproportionally affected by trauma-related disorders-a disparity not explained by exposure alone. Identifying mechanisms associated with this inequity is critical to advancing preventative and responsive treatment. Blunted cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress represents one possible mechanism, though the influence of sex and specific dimensions of trauma on this condition are underinvestigated. This study examined the roles of sex, developmental timing of trauma, trauma subtype, and subjective trauma impact on cortisol reactivity. Adults (N = 59, n = 37 female) participated in the Trier Social Stress Test, completed trauma measures, and provided salivary cortisol samples. Multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate correlates of blunted cortisol reactivity in the full sample and in sex-disaggregated data to account for unique endocrinological milieus. Women who endorsed childhood trauma demonstrated blunted cortisol reactivity, B = -8.72, p = .004, f <sup>2</sup> = .39; notably, this association held only when participants endorsed the childhood traumatic event as their most stressful lifetime event. Considering the lack of clarity regarding the conditions under which blunted cortisol reactivity develops, these findings provide insight into factors that may confer risk for these psychophysiological changes. The observed salience of sex-disaggregated analysis has important implications for future research. Despite decades of study, the pathways linking trauma, cortisol dysregulation, and pathology remain elusive; accounting for sex differences may contribute to resolving this quandary. Unraveling these mechanisms could inform prospective risk assessment, prevention efforts, and focused clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Not small men: Sex-specific determinants of cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress following trauma.\",\"authors\":\"Liza Hinchey, Francesca Pernice, Holly Feen-Calligan, Shannon Chavez-Korell, David Merolla, Arash Javanbakht\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jts.23159\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Trauma impacts a vast percentage of the global population, with women disproportionally affected by trauma-related disorders-a disparity not explained by exposure alone. Identifying mechanisms associated with this inequity is critical to advancing preventative and responsive treatment. Blunted cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress represents one possible mechanism, though the influence of sex and specific dimensions of trauma on this condition are underinvestigated. This study examined the roles of sex, developmental timing of trauma, trauma subtype, and subjective trauma impact on cortisol reactivity. Adults (N = 59, n = 37 female) participated in the Trier Social Stress Test, completed trauma measures, and provided salivary cortisol samples. Multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate correlates of blunted cortisol reactivity in the full sample and in sex-disaggregated data to account for unique endocrinological milieus. Women who endorsed childhood trauma demonstrated blunted cortisol reactivity, B = -8.72, p = .004, f <sup>2</sup> = .39; notably, this association held only when participants endorsed the childhood traumatic event as their most stressful lifetime event. Considering the lack of clarity regarding the conditions under which blunted cortisol reactivity develops, these findings provide insight into factors that may confer risk for these psychophysiological changes. The observed salience of sex-disaggregated analysis has important implications for future research. Despite decades of study, the pathways linking trauma, cortisol dysregulation, and pathology remain elusive; accounting for sex differences may contribute to resolving this quandary. Unraveling these mechanisms could inform prospective risk assessment, prevention efforts, and focused clinical trials.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17519,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of traumatic stress\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of traumatic stress\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23159\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHIATRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of traumatic stress","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23159","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
创伤影响了全球人口的很大一部分,女性受到创伤相关疾病的影响尤为严重——这种差异不能仅仅用暴露来解释。确定与这种不平等有关的机制对于推进预防性和应对性治疗至关重要。钝化皮质醇对社会心理压力的反应是一种可能的机制,尽管性别和创伤的特定维度对这种情况的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究考察了性别、创伤发育时间、创伤亚型和主观创伤对皮质醇反应性的影响。成人(N = 59,女性37)参加Trier社会压力测试,完成创伤测量,并提供唾液皮质醇样本。我们进行了多元回归分析,以调查整个样本和按性别分类的数据中皮质醇反应性减弱的相关性,以解释独特的内分泌环境。承认童年创伤的妇女表现出迟钝的皮质醇反应,B = -8.72, p = 0.004, f = 0.39;值得注意的是,只有当参与者认为童年创伤事件是他们一生中压力最大的事件时,这种联系才成立。考虑到缺乏明确的条件下,钝化皮质醇反应的发展,这些发现提供了洞察因素,可能会导致这些心理生理变化的风险。观察到的性别分类分析的显著性对未来的研究具有重要意义。尽管几十年的研究,连接创伤、皮质醇失调和病理的途径仍然难以捉摸;考虑性别差异可能有助于解决这一困境。解开这些机制可以为前瞻性风险评估、预防措施和重点临床试验提供信息。
Not small men: Sex-specific determinants of cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress following trauma.
Trauma impacts a vast percentage of the global population, with women disproportionally affected by trauma-related disorders-a disparity not explained by exposure alone. Identifying mechanisms associated with this inequity is critical to advancing preventative and responsive treatment. Blunted cortisol reactivity to psychosocial stress represents one possible mechanism, though the influence of sex and specific dimensions of trauma on this condition are underinvestigated. This study examined the roles of sex, developmental timing of trauma, trauma subtype, and subjective trauma impact on cortisol reactivity. Adults (N = 59, n = 37 female) participated in the Trier Social Stress Test, completed trauma measures, and provided salivary cortisol samples. Multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate correlates of blunted cortisol reactivity in the full sample and in sex-disaggregated data to account for unique endocrinological milieus. Women who endorsed childhood trauma demonstrated blunted cortisol reactivity, B = -8.72, p = .004, f 2 = .39; notably, this association held only when participants endorsed the childhood traumatic event as their most stressful lifetime event. Considering the lack of clarity regarding the conditions under which blunted cortisol reactivity develops, these findings provide insight into factors that may confer risk for these psychophysiological changes. The observed salience of sex-disaggregated analysis has important implications for future research. Despite decades of study, the pathways linking trauma, cortisol dysregulation, and pathology remain elusive; accounting for sex differences may contribute to resolving this quandary. Unraveling these mechanisms could inform prospective risk assessment, prevention efforts, and focused clinical trials.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Traumatic Stress (JTS) is published for the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. Journal of Traumatic Stress , the official publication for the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, is an interdisciplinary forum for the publication of peer-reviewed original papers on biopsychosocial aspects of trauma. Papers focus on theoretical formulations, research, treatment, prevention education/training, and legal and policy concerns. Journal of Traumatic Stress serves as a primary reference for professionals who study and treat people exposed to highly stressful and traumatic events (directly or through their occupational roles), such as war, disaster, accident, violence or abuse (criminal or familial), hostage-taking, or life-threatening illness. The journal publishes original articles, brief reports, review papers, commentaries, and, from time to time, special issues devoted to a single topic.