Journal of traumatic stress最新文献

Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets' exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events during the Cadet Training Program.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23115

Katie L Andrews, Kirby Q Maguire, Laleh Jamshidi, Tracie O Afifi, Jolan Nisbet, Robyn E Shields, Taylor A Teckchandani, Gordon J G Asmundson, Alain Brunet, Lisa M Lix, Shannon Sauer-Zavala, Jitender Sareen, Terence M Keane, J Patrick Neary, R Nicholas Carleton

{"title":"Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets' exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events during the Cadet Training Program.","authors":"Katie L Andrews, Kirby Q Maguire, Laleh Jamshidi, Tracie O Afifi, Jolan Nisbet, Robyn E Shields, Taylor A Teckchandani, Gordon J G Asmundson, Alain Brunet, Lisa M Lix, Shannon Sauer-Zavala, Jitender Sareen, Terence M Keane, J Patrick Neary, R Nicholas Carleton","doi":"10.1002/jts.23115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23115","url":null,"abstract":"Lifetime exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs) among Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) cadets starting the Cadet Training Program (CTP) appear lower than exposures reported by serving RCMP, but the prevalence of PPTE exposures during the CTP remains unknown. The current study assessed PPTE exposures during the CTP and examined associations with mental disorders among RCMP cadets. Participants were cadets (n = 449, 24.7% women) from the larger RCMP Longitudinal Study who self-reported critical incidents, PPTE exposures, and mental health disorder symptoms at pretraining and predeployment. Most participants reported no exposures to a PPTE (n = 374, 83.3%) during the CTP. Participants who reported any PPTE exposure (n = 75, 16.7%; i.e., direct or indirect) most commonly reported serious transport accidents, physical assault, and sudden accidental death. The most common direct PPTEs (i.e., \"happened to me\") during the CTP were physical assault (n = 13), other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experience (n = 11), and serious transportation accident (n = 8). The total number of PPTE types reported at predeployment was associated with increased odds of screening positive for any mental health disorder, aOR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.01, 1.49], p = .049, and positively associated with mental health disorder symptoms, ps < .001. These results provide the first assessment of PPTE exposure among RCMP cadets during the CTP, indicating that 16.7% of cadets experience PPTEs directly or indirectly. The PPTEs reported by cadets may help inform additional opportunities to further increase safety during training.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying transdiagnostic traumatic stress reactions in U.S. military veterans: A nationally representative study.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23119

Cameron P Pugach, Shane W Adams, Blair E Wisco, Robert H Pietrzak

{"title":"Identifying transdiagnostic traumatic stress reactions in U.S. military veterans: A nationally representative study.","authors":"Cameron P Pugach, Shane W Adams, Blair E Wisco, Robert H Pietrzak","doi":"10.1002/jts.23119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23119","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic stress reactions (TSRs) exist on a continuum that includes posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), highly comorbid psychopathology, and resilience, highlighting the need for comprehensive and integrative approaches capable of capturing the full spectrum of heterogeneous reactions. Here, we used a transdiagnostic and multidimensional method to characterize clinical phenotypes of TSRs in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans. The Middle-Out Approach was used to evaluate self-reported PTSD, generalized anxiety, major depressive symptoms, and physical and mental functioning to identify discrete latent classes of TSRs and their demographic, military and trauma history, and psychosocial correlates. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 3,727 U.S. veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Latent class analysis identified five classes of veterans: low TSR (61.3%), anxious/depressive (16.6%), avoidant arousal (9.2%), dysphoric arousal (8.2%), and high TSR (4.7%). Veterans in the dysphoric arousal and high TSR classes demonstrated lower functioning than other classes, which showed similar levels of moderate-to-high functioning despite symptom differences. Classes distinguished between resilience to PTSD symptoms versus resilience to all symptoms and functioning domains and were differentially associated with demographic characteristics, trauma and military histories, and psychosocial characteristics. The results suggest that veterans exhibit different clinical phenotypes of TSRs, which may help inform etiology, diagnostic subtypes, and personalized treatment. Further, although most veterans with psychopathology experience functional impairment, a sizable subset demonstrates high functioning despite psychopathology symptoms.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the association between moral injury and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Canadian public safety personnel.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23122

Andrea M D'Alessandro-Lowe, Andrew M Scott, Herry Patel, Bethany Easterbrook, Kimberly Ritchie, Andrea Brown, Mina Pichtikova, Mauda Karram, Emily Sullo, James Mirabelli, Hygge Schielke, Ann Malain, Charlene O'Connor, Shannon Remers, Ruth Lanius, Randi E McCabe, Margaret C McKinnon

{"title":"Exploring the association between moral injury and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Canadian public safety personnel.","authors":"Andrea M D'Alessandro-Lowe, Andrew M Scott, Herry Patel, Bethany Easterbrook, Kimberly Ritchie, Andrea Brown, Mina Pichtikova, Mauda Karram, Emily Sullo, James Mirabelli, Hygge Schielke, Ann Malain, Charlene O'Connor, Shannon Remers, Ruth Lanius, Randi E McCabe, Margaret C McKinnon","doi":"10.1002/jts.23122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23122","url":null,"abstract":"Public safety personnel (PSP), such as police officers, firefighters, correctional workers, and paramedics, routinely face work stressors that increase their risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PSP may additionally face moral transgressions in the workplace (e.g., witnessing human suffering, working within broken systems), heightening the risk of moral injury (MI) in this population. Research among military personnel and health care workers shows an association between MI and PTSD; however, less is known about the association between these constructs among PSP. Canadian PSP completed an online survey between June 2022 and June 2023, including a demographic questionnaire and measures of PTSD, MI, dissociation, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity. Latent variable structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to ascertain the impact of a latent MI construct (i.e., shame, trust violation, functional impairment) on a latent PTSD construct (i.e., intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, hyperreactivity, depersonalization, derealization). Sex, age, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity were included as covariates. A total of 314 PSP were included in the data analysis. A latent variable SEM regressing PTSD onto MI and including covariates accounted for 83.7% of the variance in PTSD. MI was the strongest predictor compared to all covariates and was significantly associated with PTSD symptoms, β = .506, p < .001, above and beyond the impacts of sex, age, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity. These findings are consistent with research among military members and health care providers and highlight the importance of further exploring MI among PSP.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to Posttraumatic Growth fter MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23097

引用次数: 0

Expression of Concern: Posttraumatic Growth After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23116

引用次数: 0

Expression of Concern: Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23117

引用次数: 0

Correction to Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23098

引用次数: 0

Accommodation of posttraumatic stress symptoms: A scoping review of the literature. 创伤后应激症状的调适：文献综述。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23112

Margaret Talbot, Johanna Thompson-Hollands

{"title":"Accommodation of posttraumatic stress symptoms: A scoping review of the literature.","authors":"Margaret Talbot, Johanna Thompson-Hollands","doi":"10.1002/jts.23112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23112","url":null,"abstract":"Social support is protective in the recovery from mental health diagnoses. However, well-intended support can also interfere with treatment, as in the case of accommodation, when a support person changes their behaviors to alleviate a patient's distress. This paper describes a scoping review of the research literature regarding posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and accommodation, conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items extension for Scoping Review Guidelines (PRISMA-ScR). A total of 26 articles were included in the review. Designs and settings were mixed, but most studies examined accommodation by female adult intimate partners of male military members, veterans, and first responders with PTSS. Most participants were White. Accommodation was typically associated with negative relationship outcomes, and some couples treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy interventions) were associated with improvements in PTSS accommodation. Future work on PTSS accommodation should prioritize recruiting more diverse participants (i.e., gender, race, ethnicity, military status, types of support people). In addition, researchers should continue to examine accommodation as a mediator or moderator variable. Further examination of accommodation and PTSS may provide helpful insights into the involvement of support people in treatment to increase treatment effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultural group and self-construal moderate the association between expressive suppression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. 文化群体和自我概念可调节表达性抑制与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的关系。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23113

Laura Jobson, Larissa Shiying Qiu, Joshua Wong, Haoxiang Li, July Lies, Winnie Lau, Richard A Bryant, Belinda J Liddell

{"title":"Cultural group and self-construal moderate the association between expressive suppression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.","authors":"Laura Jobson, Larissa Shiying Qiu, Joshua Wong, Haoxiang Li, July Lies, Winnie Lau, Richard A Bryant, Belinda J Liddell","doi":"10.1002/jts.23113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23113","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies have considered the influence of cultural factors on the associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and key emotion regulation strategies, such as expressive suppression and reappraisal. This study investigated the influences of cultural background and self-construal orientation on PTSD symptoms and both suppression and reappraisal. Chinese Australian (n = 129) and European Australian (n = 140) trauma survivors completed an online survey assessing suppression and reappraisal (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), cultural values (Self Construal Scale), and PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5). We hypothesized that participants in the Chinese Australian group would report higher levels of suppression and reappraisal than those in the European Australian group and that self-construal and cultural group would moderate both the associations between PTSD symptoms and both suppression reappraisal. Correlation and moderation analyses were performed to examine these hypotheses. Chinese Australian participants reported higher levels of reappraisal than European Australian participants, ηp 2 = .05, p < .001. Regardless of cultural group, there was no significant association between reappraisal and PTSD symptoms, B = 0.10, p = .849, 95% CI [-0.93,1.13]. Cultural group and self-construal moderated the association between suppression and PTSD symptoms, ΔR2 = .02, p = .007, whereas a positive association was observed between suppression and PTSD symptoms; however, this association was not significant for Chinese Australians who endorsed higher levels of interdependence. These findings suggest that suppression may be less strongly associated with PTSD symptoms for Chinese Australians who value interdependence. This finding highlights the importance of considering cultural values in PTSD treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations among resilience, social isolation, and gender in U.S. Iraq and Afghanistan-era veterans. 美国伊拉克和阿富汗退伍军人的复原力、社会隔离和性别之间的纵向联系。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23111

Allison Metts, Corina Mendoza, Rahel Pearson, Suzannah K Creech

{"title":"Longitudinal associations among resilience, social isolation, and gender in U.S. Iraq and Afghanistan-era veterans.","authors":"Allison Metts, Corina Mendoza, Rahel Pearson, Suzannah K Creech","doi":"10.1002/jts.23111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23111","url":null,"abstract":"Negative mental health outcomes are prevalent among veterans exposed to military-related stressors and are associated with social isolation. Limited research exists on resilience following military separation and its impact on social isolation in veterans. We examined resilience against military-related stressors and 2-year longitudinal associations with social isolation indicators; gender differences were also explored. U.S. military veterans (N = 351, 70.4% men) who deployed to the wars in and around Iraq and Afghanistan following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11) were recruited as part of a longitudinal assessment study examining predictors of postdeployment adjustment. Using a residualization approach, resilience was approximated as low stressor reactivity (SR), calculated by regressing mental health onto military-related stressor exposure. Military-related stressors were significantly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to both events during post-9/11 deployment (deployment event) and outside of post-9/11 deployment (other event), functional disability, and depression. After correcting for multiple comparisons, only SR derived from depressive symptoms predicted more closeness difficulties in social relationships longitudinally, B = 0.50, q = .023. Women also demonstrated higher SR than men regarding other event-related PTSD symptoms, B = -0.52, q < .001; functional disability, B = -0.28, q = .028; and depression, B = -0.34, q = .012. Results suggest that veterans with higher depressogenic reactivity to military-related stressors were more likely to endorse discomfort with closeness than those with lower depressogenic reactivity. Women veterans may also be more impacted by nondeployment traumatic distress, psychosocial dysfunction, and depression in response to military-related stressors.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0