Journal of traumatic stress最新文献

{"title":"Identifying transdiagnostic traumatic stress reactions in U.S. military veterans: A nationally representative study","authors":"Cameron P. Pugach,&nbsp;Shane W. Adams,&nbsp;Blair E. Wisco,&nbsp;Robert H. Pietrzak","doi":"10.1002/jts.23119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traumatic stress reactions (TSRs) exist on a continuum that includes posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), highly comorbid psychopathology, and resilience, highlighting the need for comprehensive and integrative approaches capable of capturing the full spectrum of heterogeneous reactions. Here, we used a transdiagnostic and multidimensional method to characterize clinical phenotypes of TSRs in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans. The Middle-Out Approach was used to evaluate self-reported PTSD, generalized anxiety, major depressive symptoms, and physical and mental functioning to identify discrete latent classes of TSRs and their demographic, military and trauma history, and psychosocial correlates. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 3,727 U.S. veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Latent class analysis identified five classes of veterans: low TSR (61.3%), anxious/depressive (16.6%), avoidant arousal (9.2%), dysphoric arousal (8.2%), and high TSR (4.7%). Veterans in the dysphoric arousal and high TSR classes demonstrated lower functioning than other classes, which showed similar levels of moderate-to-high functioning despite symptom differences. Classes distinguished between resilience to PTSD symptoms versus resilience to all symptoms and functioning domains and were differentially associated with demographic characteristics, trauma and military histories, and psychosocial characteristics. The results suggest that veterans exhibit different clinical phenotypes of TSRs, which may help inform etiology, diagnostic subtypes, and personalized treatment. Further, although most veterans with psychopathology experience functional impairment, a sizable subset demonstrates high functioning despite psychopathology symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"259-271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between moral injury and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Canadian public safety personnel","authors":"Andrea M. D'Alessandro-Lowe,&nbsp;Andrew M. Scott,&nbsp;Herry Patel,&nbsp;Bethany Easterbrook,&nbsp;Kimberly Ritchie,&nbsp;Andrea Brown,&nbsp;Mina Pichtikova,&nbsp;Mauda Karram,&nbsp;Emily Sullo,&nbsp;James Mirabelli,&nbsp;Hygge Schielke,&nbsp;Ann Malain,&nbsp;Charlene O'Connor,&nbsp;Shannon Remers,&nbsp;Ruth Lanius,&nbsp;Randi E. McCabe,&nbsp;Margaret C. McKinnon","doi":"10.1002/jts.23122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Public safety personnel (PSP), such as police officers, firefighters, correctional workers, and paramedics, routinely face work stressors that increase their risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PSP may additionally face moral transgressions in the workplace (e.g., witnessing human suffering, working within broken systems), heightening the risk of moral injury (MI) in this population. Research among military personnel and health care workers shows an association between MI and PTSD; however, less is known about the association between these constructs among PSP. Canadian PSP completed an online survey between June 2022 and June 2023, including a demographic questionnaire and measures of PTSD, MI, dissociation, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity. Latent variable structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to ascertain the impact of a latent MI construct (i.e., shame, trust violation, functional impairment) on a latent PTSD construct (i.e., intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, hyperreactivity, depersonalization, derealization). Sex, age, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity were included as covariates. A total of 314 PSP were included in the data analysis. A latent variable SEM regressing PTSD onto MI and including covariates accounted for 83.7% of the variance in PTSD. MI was the strongest predictor compared to all covariates and was significantly associated with PTSD symptoms, β = .506, <i>p</i> &lt; .001, above and beyond the impacts of sex, age, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity. These findings are consistent with research among military members and health care providers and highlight the importance of further exploring MI among PSP.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"272-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Posttraumatic Growth fter MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23097","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Gorman, I., Belser, A. B., Jerome, L., Hennigan, C., Shechet, B., Hamilton, S., Yazar-Klosinski, B., Emerson, A., &amp; Feduccia, A. A. (2020). Posttraumatic growth after MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. &lt;i&gt;J&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ournal of&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Trauma&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;tic&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Stress&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;33&lt;/i&gt;(2), 161–170.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Description and explanation for this orrection&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the MP-4 study (CT.gov Identifier NCT01958593), which took place between October 2014 and October 2016, there was an ethical violation resulting in a deviation from the protocol by a pair of participating therapists with one of the participants. The pair treated four of six participants in total in the MP-4 study out of the 60 participants included in the pooled analysis reported in the original manuscript.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Due to the aforementioned ethical violation, data from all four participants treated by this pair of participating therapists have been removed from analysis in this publication correction. The removal of the data does not compromise the conclusions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Summary of corrections made&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Paragraph 1 of the introductory section, the estimated mean difference between groups changed from “−22.0” to “−23.4,” and the standard error changed from “5.17” to “&lt;span&gt;5.4&lt;/span&gt;,” due to removal of four participants from the analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Paragraph 1 of the Methods section under “Participants,” the following text was added: &lt;span&gt;“During the MP-4 study,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;there was an ethical violation by a pair of participating therapists that resulted in a deviation from the protocol. Data from all four participants treated by this pair of participating therapists were removed, and all analyses were updated in the current study to reflect this change. Additional details are provided in the Supplementary Materials.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Table 1 was revised to show the updated demographic and baseline characteristic values (all changed data are highlighted below) due to the removal of four participants from the analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Table 2 was revised to show the updated CAPS-IV and PTGI total scores at the primary endpoint after two blinded sessions (all changed data are highlighted below) due to the removal of four participants from the analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure 1, Panel A was revised to show updated PTGI scores at baseline and all endpoints due to the removal of four participants from the analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure 1, Panel B was revised to show updated CAPS-IV total scores at baseline and all endpoints due to the removal of four participants from the analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the Figure 1 legend, the second sentence was revised to reflect the update to “active control” group. It was changed from “The primary endpoint occurred 1 month after the second blinded MDMA/placebo session” to “The primary endpoint occurred 1 month after the second blinded MDMA/&lt;span&gt;active control&lt;/span&gt; session.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure 2 was revised to show the updated correlation of change from","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 3","pages":"570-578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Posttraumatic Growth After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23116","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expression of Concern: &lt;/b&gt;I. Gorman, A. B. Belser, L. Jerome, C. Hennigan, B. Shechet, S. Hamilton, B. Yazar-Klosinski, A. Emerson, and A. A. Feduccia, “Posttraumatic Growth After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder,” &lt;i&gt;Journal of Traumatic Stress&lt;/i&gt; 33, no. 2 (2020): 161–170. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22479.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 19 February 2020, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been issued by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief Denise Sloan; International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The authors contacted the journal to request a correction to remove the data of 4 participants in the MP-4 study from the analyses included in this article. The authors notified the journal that during the MP-4 study (CT.gov identifier, NCT01958593), which took place between October 2014 through October 2016, there was an ethical violation resulting in a deviation from the protocol by a pair of therapists who treated 4 of 6 participants included in the MP-4 study. Neither of the two therapists involved were co-authors on the manuscript. Following receipt of this notice by the authors, Wiley and the journal opened an investigation into the reports of an ethical violation as well as the appropriateness of a correction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors cooperated with the investigation and shared a report dated from October 2018 from Chesapeake IRB (now Advarra) to MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (now Lykos Therapeutics) as well as Advarra's follow-up report dated March 2022 regarding the ethical violation. The ethical violation was publicly announced in May 2019. The authors confirmed that they had not notified the journal regarding the ethical violation during the submission of their article in March 2019. As reported by the authors, at the time of submission the violation was stated to have happened after the completion of the treatment in the clinical trial and during the long-term follow-up. The authors also stated that they had included information from all study participants under the ITT principle. In the March 2022 follow-up report, Advarra acknowledged additional findings that the protocol deviation and ethical violation had occurred during the trial as well as the long-term follow-up. The authors did not subsequently report this information to the journal until the completion of a compliance review by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia and the finalization of a clinical study report by Lykos Therapeutics. The authors' initial contact with the journal occurred in September 2023 and the correction was supplied in early 2024. Further investigation indicated the significant level of complexity involved with making an accurate correction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following a review of the corrections to the data as well as the investigation regarding the ethical violation, the journal agrees that all data pro","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Expression of Concern: </b>L. Ponte, L. Jerome, S. Hamilton, M. C. Mithoefer, B. B. Yazar-Klosinski, E. Vermetten, and A. A. Feduccia, “Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder,” <i>Journal of Traumatic Stress</i> 34, no. 4 (2021): 851–863. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22696.</p><p>This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 10 June 2021, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been issued by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief Denise Sloan; International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The authors contacted the journal to request a correction to remove the data of 4 participants in the MP-4 study from the analyses included in this article. The authors notified the journal that during the MP-4 study (CT.gov identifier, NCT01958593), which took place between October 2014 through October 2016, there was an ethical violation resulting in a deviation from the protocol by a pair of therapists who treated 4 of 6 participants included in the MP-4 study. Neither of the two of the therapists involved were co-authors on the manuscript. Following receipt of this notice by the authors, Wiley and the journal opened an investigation into the reports of an ethical violation as well as the appropriateness of a correction.</p><p>The authors cooperated with the investigation and shared a report dated from October 2018 from Chesapeake IRB (now Advarra) to MAPS Public Benefit Corporation (now Lykos Therapeutics) as well as Advarra's follow-up report dated March 2022 regarding the ethical violation. The ethical violation was publicly announced in May 2019. The authors confirmed that they had not notified the journal regarding the ethical violation during the submission of their article in December 2019. As reported by the authors, at the time of submission the violation was stated to have happened after the completion of the treatment in the clinical trial and during the long-term follow-up. The authors also stated that they had included information from all study participants under the ITT principle. In March 2022 follow-up report, Advarra acknowledged additional findings that the protocol deviation and ethical violation had occurred during the trial as well as the long-term follow-up. The authors did not subsequently report this information to the journal until the completion of a compliance review by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia and the finalization of a clinical study report by Lykos Therapeutics. The authors' initial contact with the journal occurred in early 2024 and further investigation indicated the significant level of complexity involved with making an accurate correction.</p><p>Following a review of the corrections to the data as well as the investigation regarding the ethical violation, the journal agrees that all data provided by those study therapists should b","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23098","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Ponte, L., Jerome, L., Hamilton, S., Mithoefer, M. C., Yazar-Klosinski, B. B., Vermetten, E., &amp; Feduccia, A. A. (2021). Sleep quality improvements after MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. &lt;i&gt;Journal of Traumatic Stress&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;34&lt;/i&gt;(4), 851–863.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Description and explanation for this correction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the MP-4 study (CT.gov Identifier: NCT01958593), which took place between October 2014 and October 2016, there was an ethical violation resulting in a deviation from the protocol by a pair of participating therapists with one of the participants. The pair treated four of six participants in total in the MP-4 study out of the 68 participants included in the pooled analysis reported in the original manuscript.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Due to the aforementioned ethical violation, data from all four participants treated by the pair of therapists have been removed from analysis in this publication correction. The removal of the data does not compromise the conclusions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Summary of corrections made&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In METHODS under “Participants and procedure,” the following text was added at the end of Paragraph 1: &lt;span&gt;“During the MP-4 study, there was an ethical violation by a pair of participating therapists that resulted in a deviation from the protocol. Data from all the four participants treated by this pair were removed, and all analyses were updated to reflect this change. Additional details are provided in the Supplementary Materials.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Table 1 was revised due to removal of the four participants (all changed data are highlighted below).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Table 2 was revised due to removal of the four participants (all changed data are highlighted below). The overall results reported in the table are consistent with the original report.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In Figure 3, the graph for the change in CAPS-IV scores was revised due to removal of the four participants and reanalysis. The original Pearson's correlation values in the footnote remained significant following removal of the four MP-4 participants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Note&lt;/i&gt;. The change in CAPS-IV and PSQI scores from Baseline to treatment exit (TE; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = &lt;span&gt;54&lt;/span&gt;) was significantly correlated, &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = &lt;span&gt;.372&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = &lt;span&gt;.006&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Values in Table 3 were updated following the reanalysis, including the data on the percentage of participants with a drop of 3 points or more in PSQI total score (all changed data are highlighted below). After reanalysis, the majority of participants experienced a clinically significant improvement in sleep quality from baseline to 12-month follow-up, which is consistent with the results in the original report.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The table in the Supplementary Materials was updated due to the removal of the four participants (all changed data are highlighted below). There were no changes to the number of participants wreceiving sleep aids on the night of experimental sessions","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 3","pages":"557-569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accommodation of posttraumatic stress symptoms: A scoping review of the literature","authors":"Margaret Talbot,&nbsp;Johanna Thompson-Hollands","doi":"10.1002/jts.23112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Social support is protective in the recovery from mental health diagnoses. However, well-intended support can also interfere with treatment, as in the case of accommodation, when a support person changes their behaviors to alleviate a patient's distress. This paper describes a scoping review of the research literature regarding posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and accommodation, conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items extension for Scoping Review Guidelines (PRISMA-ScR). A total of 26 articles were included in the review. Designs and settings were mixed, but most studies examined accommodation by female adult intimate partners of male military members, veterans, and first responders with PTSS. Most participants were White. Accommodation was typically associated with negative relationship outcomes, and some couples treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy interventions) were associated with improvements in PTSS accommodation. Future work on PTSS accommodation should prioritize recruiting more diverse participants (i.e., gender, race, ethnicity, military status, types of support people). In addition, researchers should continue to examine accommodation as a mediator or moderator variable. Further examination of accommodation and PTSS may provide helpful insights into the involvement of support people in treatment to increase treatment effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural group and self-construal moderate the association between expressive suppression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms","authors":"Laura Jobson,&nbsp;Larissa Shiying Qiu,&nbsp;Joshua Wong,&nbsp;Haoxiang Li,&nbsp;July Lies,&nbsp;Winnie Lau,&nbsp;Richard A. Bryant,&nbsp;Belinda J. Liddell","doi":"10.1002/jts.23113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Few studies have considered the influence of cultural factors on the associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and key emotion regulation strategies, such as expressive suppression and reappraisal. This study investigated the influences of cultural background and self-construal orientation on PTSD symptoms and both suppression and reappraisal. Chinese Australian (<i>n</i> = 129) and European Australian (<i>n</i> = 140) trauma survivors completed an online survey assessing suppression and reappraisal (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), cultural values (Self Construal Scale), and PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for <i>DSM-5</i>). We hypothesized that participants in the Chinese Australian group would report higher levels of suppression and reappraisal than those in the European Australian group and that self-construal and cultural group would moderate both the associations between PTSD symptoms and both suppression reappraisal. Correlation and moderation analyses were performed to examine these hypotheses. Chinese Australian participants reported higher levels of reappraisal than European Australian participants, η_p² = .05, <i>p</i> &lt; .001. Regardless of cultural group, there was no significant association between reappraisal and PTSD symptoms, <i>B</i> = 0.10, <i>p</i> = .849, 95% CI [−0.93,1.13]. Cultural group and self-construal moderated the association between suppression and PTSD symptoms, Δ<i>R</i>² = .02, <i>p</i> = .007, whereas a positive association was observed between suppression and PTSD symptoms; however, this association was not significant for Chinese Australians who endorsed higher levels of interdependence. These findings suggest that suppression may be less strongly associated with PTSD symptoms for Chinese Australians who value interdependence. This finding highlights the importance of considering cultural values in PTSD treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations among resilience, social isolation, and gender in U.S. Iraq and Afghanistan–era veterans","authors":"Allison Metts,&nbsp;Corina Mendoza,&nbsp;Rahel Pearson,&nbsp;Suzannah K. Creech","doi":"10.1002/jts.23111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Negative mental health outcomes are prevalent among veterans exposed to military-related stressors and are associated with social isolation. Limited research exists on resilience following military separation and its impact on social isolation in veterans. We examined resilience against military-related stressors and 2-year longitudinal associations with social isolation indicators; gender differences were also explored. U.S. military veterans (<i>N</i> = 351, 70.4% men) who deployed to the wars in and around Iraq and Afghanistan following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11) were recruited as part of a longitudinal assessment study examining predictors of postdeployment adjustment. Using a residualization approach, resilience was approximated as low stressor reactivity (SR), calculated by regressing mental health onto military-related stressor exposure. Military-related stressors were significantly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to both events during post-9/11 deployment (deployment event) and outside of post-9/11 deployment (other event), functional disability, and depression. After correcting for multiple comparisons, only SR derived from depressive symptoms predicted more closeness difficulties in social relationships longitudinally, <i>B</i> = 0.50, <i>q</i> = .023. Women also demonstrated higher SR than men regarding other event-related PTSD symptoms, <i>B</i> = −0.52, <i>q</i> &lt; .001; functional disability, <i>B</i> = −0.28, <i>q</i> = .028; and depression, <i>B</i> = −0.34, <i>q</i> = .012. Results suggest that veterans with higher depressogenic reactivity to military-related stressors were more likely to endorse discomfort with closeness than those with lower depressogenic reactivity. Women veterans may also be more impacted by nondeployment traumatic distress, psychosocial dysfunction, and depression in response to military-related stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 1","pages":"146-157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a codebook for the narrative analysis of in-hospital trauma interviews of patients following stroke","authors":"Corinne Meinhausen,&nbsp;Anusha Fatehpuria,&nbsp;Jaifreen Bhangu,&nbsp;Donald Edmondson,&nbsp;Ian M. Kronish,&nbsp;Patrick Wilson,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Sumner","doi":"10.1002/jts.23106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given their sudden onset and life-threatening consequences, strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) can trigger posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To gain a deeper understanding of the potential influence of factors in patients’ descriptions of these medical events on PTSD, we conducted a standardized trauma interview with a convenience sample of patients hospitalized for suspected stroke/TIA (<i>N</i> = 98) to assess the details and emotional experience of the stroke/TIA event. Three researchers reviewed the interviews and the research literature on risk and protective factors for PTSD. From this analysis, a codebook with descriptions, examples, and scoring protocols for eight Likert scale, two categorical, and four binary codes was developed. Upon demonstrating sufficient interrater reliability, the research team scored all narratives. Three superordinate themes were identified in the analysis: distress (e.g., fear, helplessness), potential protective factors (e.g., positive expectancies, concern for loved ones), and level of detail (e.g., somatic detail, emotional detail). Differences in perceptions, themes, and expectations emerged in the narratives, indicating a wide range of responses following stroke/TIA. Additionally, patient age was negatively correlated with scores for the fear, <i>r</i> = −.34, <i>p</i> &lt; .001, and negative consequences, <i>r</i> = −.24, <i>p</i> = .018, codes and positively associated with the likelihood of having positive expectancies, <i>OR</i> = 1.05, 95% CI [1.00, 1.10], <i>p</i> = .039. These findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of how patients reflect on their experiences post–stroke/TIA and can inform future research on the contributions of trauma narrative characteristics and emotional responses to PTSD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 1","pages":"86-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}