Journal of traumatic stress最新文献

{"title":"Measurement invariance of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 across eight countries and samples with diverse trauma experiences","authors":"Maria Cyniak-Cieciura,&nbsp;Agnieszka Popiel,&nbsp;Bogdan Zawadzki,&nbsp;Julie K. Cremeans-Smith,&nbsp;David B. Fruehstorfer,&nbsp;Patryk Bielak,&nbsp;Victoria Camino,&nbsp;Eun Jung Cha,&nbsp;Yunkyung Cho,&nbsp;Marina Galarregui,&nbsp;Rocío Goldfarb,&nbsp;Myoung-Ho Hyun,&nbsp;Zhanna Kalinina,&nbsp;Eduardo Keegan,&nbsp;Aliya Mambetalina,&nbsp;Louise McHugh,&nbsp;Mariana Miracco,&nbsp;Atsushi Oshio,&nbsp;Chowon Park,&nbsp;Andrés Partarrieu,&nbsp;Lorena De Rosa,&nbsp;Raikhan Sabirova,&nbsp;Adil Samekin,&nbsp;Emiliano Sánchez,&nbsp;María Sarno,&nbsp;Cecilia Tarruella,&nbsp;Gulmira M. Tulekova,&nbsp;Gulmira Tuyakovna Topanova","doi":"10.1002/jts.23118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The PTSD Checklist for <i>DSM-5</i> (PCL-5) is a well-known tool for measuring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Although the tool has been translated into many different languages, only one study, conducted in European countries, has examined measurement invariance (MI) across these versions. The present study aimed to verify PCL-5 MI in eight countries: Argentina, Ireland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Poland, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States. All samples included at least 200 participants. Regarding trauma type, the highest number of individuals reported experiencing a traffic accident (<i>n</i> = 3,128) and/or physical assault (<i>n</i> = 2,609), and the fewest reported captivity (<i>n</i> = 575) and/or contributing to someone else's harm, injury, or death (<i>n</i> = 559). A symptom structure model based on <i>DSM-5</i> criteria showed a satisfactory fit to the data, χ²(164, <i>N</i> = 4,064) = 2,571.18, <i>p</i> &lt; .001, robust CFI = .931, robust RMSEA = .078, 90% CI [.075, .081], robust TLI = .920, SRMR = .037. Data fit and invariance were obtained with regard to identical structure and factor loadings (configural and metric invariance) as well as for the partial scalar invariance (equal intercepts). In all samples, PTSD symptoms were strongly or moderately positively correlated with levels of depressive, anxiety, and stress-related symptoms and moderately or weakly positively correlated with COVID-19–related stressors, emotional stability/neuroticism, and emotional reactivity. The results indicate that the PCL-5 is a generally effective measure of universal indicators of PTSD across different countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"247-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets’ exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events during the Cadet Training Program","authors":"Katie L. Andrews,&nbsp;Kirby Q. Maguire,&nbsp;Laleh Jamshidi,&nbsp;Tracie O. Afifi,&nbsp;Jolan Nisbet,&nbsp;Robyn E. Shields,&nbsp;Taylor A. Teckchandani,&nbsp;Gordon J. G. Asmundson,&nbsp;Alain Brunet,&nbsp;Lisa M. Lix,&nbsp;Shannon Sauer-Zavala,&nbsp;Jitender Sareen,&nbsp;Terence M. Keane,&nbsp;J. Patrick Neary,&nbsp;R. Nicholas Carleton","doi":"10.1002/jts.23115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lifetime exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs) among Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) cadets starting the Cadet Training Program (CTP) appear lower than exposures reported by serving RCMP, but the prevalence of PPTE exposures during the CTP remains unknown. The current study assessed PPTE exposures during the CTP and examined associations with mental disorders among RCMP cadets. Participants were cadets (<i>n</i> = 449, 24.7% women) from the larger RCMP Longitudinal Study who self-reported critical incidents, PPTE exposures, and mental health disorder symptoms at pretraining and predeployment. Most participants reported no exposures to a PPTE (<i>n</i> = 374, 83.3%) during the CTP. Participants who reported any PPTE exposure (<i>n</i> = 75, 16.7%; i.e., direct or indirect) most commonly reported serious transport accidents, physical assault, and sudden accidental death. The most common direct PPTEs (i.e., “happened to me”) during the CTP were physical assault (<i>n =</i> 13), other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experience (<i>n</i> = 11), and serious transportation accident (<i>n</i> = 8). The total number of PPTE types reported at predeployment was associated with increased odds of screening positive for any mental health disorder, a<i>OR</i> = 1.22, 95% CI [1.01, 1.49], <i>p</i> = .049, and positively associated with mental health disorder symptoms, <i>p</i>s &lt; .001. These results provide the first assessment of PPTE exposure among RCMP cadets during the CTP, indicating that 16.7% of cadets experience PPTEs directly or indirectly. The PPTEs reported by cadets may help inform additional opportunities to further increase safety during training.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"234-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying transdiagnostic traumatic stress reactions in U.S. military veterans: A nationally representative study","authors":"Cameron P. Pugach,&nbsp;Shane W. Adams,&nbsp;Blair E. Wisco,&nbsp;Robert H. Pietrzak","doi":"10.1002/jts.23119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traumatic stress reactions (TSRs) exist on a continuum that includes posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), highly comorbid psychopathology, and resilience, highlighting the need for comprehensive and integrative approaches capable of capturing the full spectrum of heterogeneous reactions. Here, we used a transdiagnostic and multidimensional method to characterize clinical phenotypes of TSRs in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans. The Middle-Out Approach was used to evaluate self-reported PTSD, generalized anxiety, major depressive symptoms, and physical and mental functioning to identify discrete latent classes of TSRs and their demographic, military and trauma history, and psychosocial correlates. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 3,727 U.S. veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Latent class analysis identified five classes of veterans: low TSR (61.3%), anxious/depressive (16.6%), avoidant arousal (9.2%), dysphoric arousal (8.2%), and high TSR (4.7%). Veterans in the dysphoric arousal and high TSR classes demonstrated lower functioning than other classes, which showed similar levels of moderate-to-high functioning despite symptom differences. Classes distinguished between resilience to PTSD symptoms versus resilience to all symptoms and functioning domains and were differentially associated with demographic characteristics, trauma and military histories, and psychosocial characteristics. The results suggest that veterans exhibit different clinical phenotypes of TSRs, which may help inform etiology, diagnostic subtypes, and personalized treatment. Further, although most veterans with psychopathology experience functional impairment, a sizable subset demonstrates high functioning despite psychopathology symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"259-271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between moral injury and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Canadian public safety personnel","authors":"Andrea M. D'Alessandro-Lowe,&nbsp;Andrew M. Scott,&nbsp;Herry Patel,&nbsp;Bethany Easterbrook,&nbsp;Kimberly Ritchie,&nbsp;Andrea Brown,&nbsp;Mina Pichtikova,&nbsp;Mauda Karram,&nbsp;Emily Sullo,&nbsp;James Mirabelli,&nbsp;Hygge Schielke,&nbsp;Ann Malain,&nbsp;Charlene O'Connor,&nbsp;Shannon Remers,&nbsp;Ruth Lanius,&nbsp;Randi E. McCabe,&nbsp;Margaret C. McKinnon","doi":"10.1002/jts.23122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Public safety personnel (PSP), such as police officers, firefighters, correctional workers, and paramedics, routinely face work stressors that increase their risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PSP may additionally face moral transgressions in the workplace (e.g., witnessing human suffering, working within broken systems), heightening the risk of moral injury (MI) in this population. Research among military personnel and health care workers shows an association between MI and PTSD; however, less is known about the association between these constructs among PSP. Canadian PSP completed an online survey between June 2022 and June 2023, including a demographic questionnaire and measures of PTSD, MI, dissociation, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity. Latent variable structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to ascertain the impact of a latent MI construct (i.e., shame, trust violation, functional impairment) on a latent PTSD construct (i.e., intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, hyperreactivity, depersonalization, derealization). Sex, age, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity were included as covariates. A total of 314 PSP were included in the data analysis. A latent variable SEM regressing PTSD onto MI and including covariates accounted for 83.7% of the variance in PTSD. MI was the strongest predictor compared to all covariates and was significantly associated with PTSD symptoms, β = .506, <i>p</i> &lt; .001, above and beyond the impacts of sex, age, depression, anxiety, stress, and childhood adversity. These findings are consistent with research among military members and health care providers and highlight the importance of further exploring MI among PSP.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"272-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Posttraumatic Growth fter MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Posttraumatic Growth After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jts.23098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accommodation of posttraumatic stress symptoms: A scoping review of the literature","authors":"Margaret Talbot,&nbsp;Johanna Thompson-Hollands","doi":"10.1002/jts.23112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Social support is protective in the recovery from mental health diagnoses. However, well-intended support can also interfere with treatment, as in the case of accommodation, when a support person changes their behaviors to alleviate a patient's distress. This paper describes a scoping review of the research literature regarding posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and accommodation, conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items extension for Scoping Review Guidelines (PRISMA-ScR). A total of 26 articles were included in the review. Designs and settings were mixed, but most studies examined accommodation by female adult intimate partners of male military members, veterans, and first responders with PTSS. Most participants were White. Accommodation was typically associated with negative relationship outcomes, and some couples treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy interventions) were associated with improvements in PTSS accommodation. Future work on PTSS accommodation should prioritize recruiting more diverse participants (i.e., gender, race, ethnicity, military status, types of support people). In addition, researchers should continue to examine accommodation as a mediator or moderator variable. Further examination of accommodation and PTSS may provide helpful insights into the involvement of support people in treatment to increase treatment effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural group and self-construal moderate the association between expressive suppression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms","authors":"Laura Jobson,&nbsp;Larissa Shiying Qiu,&nbsp;Joshua Wong,&nbsp;Haoxiang Li,&nbsp;July Lies,&nbsp;Winnie Lau,&nbsp;Richard A. Bryant,&nbsp;Belinda J. Liddell","doi":"10.1002/jts.23113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Few studies have considered the influence of cultural factors on the associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and key emotion regulation strategies, such as expressive suppression and reappraisal. This study investigated the influences of cultural background and self-construal orientation on PTSD symptoms and both suppression and reappraisal. Chinese Australian (<i>n</i> = 129) and European Australian (<i>n</i> = 140) trauma survivors completed an online survey assessing suppression and reappraisal (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), cultural values (Self Construal Scale), and PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for <i>DSM-5</i>). We hypothesized that participants in the Chinese Australian group would report higher levels of suppression and reappraisal than those in the European Australian group and that self-construal and cultural group would moderate both the associations between PTSD symptoms and both suppression reappraisal. Correlation and moderation analyses were performed to examine these hypotheses. Chinese Australian participants reported higher levels of reappraisal than European Australian participants, η_p² = .05, <i>p</i> &lt; .001. Regardless of cultural group, there was no significant association between reappraisal and PTSD symptoms, <i>B</i> = 0.10, <i>p</i> = .849, 95% CI [−0.93,1.13]. Cultural group and self-construal moderated the association between suppression and PTSD symptoms, Δ<i>R</i>² = .02, <i>p</i> = .007, whereas a positive association was observed between suppression and PTSD symptoms; however, this association was not significant for Chinese Australians who endorsed higher levels of interdependence. These findings suggest that suppression may be less strongly associated with PTSD symptoms for Chinese Australians who value interdependence. This finding highlights the importance of considering cultural values in PTSD treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"38 2","pages":"341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}