Journal of traumatic stress最新文献_第5页

The impact of age-related differences in emotion dysregulation on refugee mental health and social outcomes 与年龄有关的情绪失调差异对难民心理健康和社会结果的影响。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23088

Yulisha Byrow, Angela Nickerson, Philippa Specker, Richard Bryant, Meaghan O'Donnell, Tadgh McMahon, Vicki Mau, Belinda Liddell

{"title":"The impact of age-related differences in emotion dysregulation on refugee mental health and social outcomes","authors":"Yulisha Byrow, Angela Nickerson, Philippa Specker, Richard Bryant, Meaghan O'Donnell, Tadgh McMahon, Vicki Mau, Belinda Liddell","doi":"10.1002/jts.23088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23088","url":null,"abstract":"The refugee experience is typically characterized by exposure to numerous premigration traumatic events and postmigration stress in the resettlement environment. Refugees’ experiences can lead to elevated rates of psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Emotion regulation is a key mechanism contributing to mental health outcomes among refugees. This study examined the impact of age on the association between emotion regulation and critical social outcomes relevant to refugee resettlement, such as social engagement and functional impairment. Participants were 1,081 Arabic-, Farsi-, Tamil- and English-speaking adult refugees. Premigration trauma exposure, postmigration stressors, PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, emotion regulation, social engagement, and functional impairment were measured. A series of hierarchical regression and Poisson regression analyses revealed emotion dysregulation as a significant predictor of functional impairment, β = .36, p < .001, and social engagement, Exp B = 0.99, p = .002. A significant interaction between age and emotion dysregulation was associated with both PTSD, β = .05, p = .048 and depressive symptoms, β = .06, p = .010, suggesting a stronger positive association between emotion dysregulation and both PTSD and depressive symptom severity for older individuals. Postmigration stressor exposure, emotion dysregulation, and older age are important factors that may negatively impact social engagement and functional impairment in the resettlement environment. Additionally, higher levels of trauma exposure may negatively impact social engagement. These findings have implications for public health and social services in the context of resettled refugee communities.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 6","pages":"1035-1046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A psychometric evaluation of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 among women experiencing intimate partner violence 在遭受亲密伴侣暴力的妇女中对 DSM-5 创伤后应激障碍清单进行心理计量学评估。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23087

Melissa R. Schick, Tami P. Sullivan, Alexis R. Alfano, Nicole H. Weiss

{"title":"A psychometric evaluation of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 among women experiencing intimate partner violence","authors":"Melissa R. Schick, Tami P. Sullivan, Alexis R. Alfano, Nicole H. Weiss","doi":"10.1002/jts.23087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23087","url":null,"abstract":"Recent national estimates suggest that 1 in 2 women will experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. Given the high prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women experiencing IPV, it is necessary to consider whether PTSD assessments function adequately for this population. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the past-month version of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), one of the most widely used self-report measures of PTSD symptoms, in a sample of community women experiencing IPV. Participants were 158 women who had experienced IPV in the past 6 months (Mage = 40.14 years, 39.9% White). The PCL-5 demonstrated good internal consistency, Cronbach's α = .97, and scores were significantly positively correlated with theoretically related constructs (i.e., PTSD symptom count on the SCID-5, IPV severity, substance use, depression, anxiety, and emotion dysregulation); however, it demonstrated poor 30-day stability, r = .38, ICC = .55. The ability of the PCL-5 to discriminate with respect to a PTSD diagnosis was acceptable, AUC = .74. A cutoff score of 21 maximized sensitivity (82.5%) and specificity (55.4%); this is lower than typical cutoffs (i.e., 31–33). Although the PCL-5 has generally demonstrated adequate psychometric properties, findings suggest that it does not function optimally for women experiencing IPV relative to its functioning for other trauma-exposed populations. The lower-than-typical cutoff suggests that the PCL-5 may underestimate PTSD prevalence among women experiencing IPV.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 6","pages":"998-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trauma reminders and disgust: The roles of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity, trauma type, and reminder type 创伤提醒和厌恶：创伤后应激障碍症状严重程度、创伤类型和提醒类型的作用。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23076

M. Shae Nester, Blair E. Wisco

{"title":"Trauma reminders and disgust: The roles of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity, trauma type, and reminder type","authors":"M. Shae Nester, Blair E. Wisco","doi":"10.1002/jts.23076","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23076","url":null,"abstract":"Disgust is a common emotional response to trauma but is studied less frequently than fear or other negative emotions. In laboratory settings, individuals with a history of sexual assault report more disgust following exposure to trauma reminders than those exposed to other trauma types, and people with more severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms typically report more disgust than those with lower symptom levels. It remains unknown whether this association is also present in ecological contexts and if these associations vary by trauma reminder type. The present sample included 80 trauma-exposed community members (PTSD: n = 39, no PTSD: n = 41) who completed up to 17 prompts per day for 3 days (2,158 total completed surveys). Multilevel models indicated that trauma reminders were associated with increased feelings of disgust, B = 0.16, SE = 0.06, p < .001, which was consistent across trauma reminder types, p < .001–p = .001. PTSD symptom severity moderated the association between trauma reminders and disgust such that it was stronger for participants with higher CAPS-5 scores, B = 0.02, SE = 0.01, p = .011. All trauma reminder types demonstrated the same pattern of moderation, ps = .003–.022, except flashbacks, p = .070. Trauma type was not a significant moderator of any trauma reminder type, ps = .193–.929. These findings suggest that trauma reminders encountered in daily life are associated with feelings of disgust. The results underscore the importance of exploring disgust as a trauma-related emotional experience among trauma survivors.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 6","pages":"959-970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An overview of diagnostics and therapeutics using large language models 利用大型语言模型进行诊断和治疗的概述。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23082

Matteo Malgaroli, Daniel McDuff

引用次数: 0

Conceptualizing disparities and differences in the psychobiology of traumatic stress 将创伤压力心理生物学中的差异和不同概念化。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23081

Kelly A. Correa, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Jennifer S. Stevens, Nathaniel G. Harnett

{"title":"Conceptualizing disparities and differences in the psychobiology of traumatic stress","authors":"Kelly A. Correa, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Jennifer S. Stevens, Nathaniel G. Harnett","doi":"10.1002/jts.23081","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23081","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding biological pathways that mediate trauma-related psychopathology is a major goal for traumatic stress studies. There is growing interest in studying differences in neural, physiological, and behavioral correlates of traumatic stress across demographic groups (e.g., sex/gender, race/ethnicity). However, challenges remain in how to appropriately conceptualize the source, mechanisms, and practical utility of between-group variation. The present brief conceptual review discusses ethnicity, race, and sex/gender-related variability relevant to understanding the psychobiology of traumatic stress in the context of traumatic stress studies. We discuss recent evidence related to socioenvironmental influences on ethnoracial variability in the brain and behavior relevant to traumatic stress, as well as sex/gender associations in neurophysiology that may contribute to the development of adverse posttraumatic sequelae. We further synthesize these findings by discussing intersectional influences of sex/gender- and race/ethnicity-related factors on trauma-related physical and mental health outcomes. The present review provides an important foundation for future research on disparities and individual differences in traumatic stress to move the field toward more effective assessment and treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 5","pages":"746-753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engaging the child–parent relationship to treat early trauma: The challenge and promise of scaling with fidelity 利用儿童与家长的关系治疗早期创伤：忠实扩展的挑战与希望。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23077

Alicia F. Lieberman, Chandra Ghosh Ippen

引用次数: 0

Tipping the scales for global mental health: A summary of the Presidential Panel at the 39th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies 全球心理健康的天平：国际创伤压力研究学会第 39 届年会主席小组讨论摘要。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23085

Marit Sijbrandij, Judith K. Bass, Kenneth Carswell, Syed Usman Hamdani, Eirini Karyotaki

{"title":"Tipping the scales for global mental health: A summary of the Presidential Panel at the 39th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies","authors":"Marit Sijbrandij, Judith K. Bass, Kenneth Carswell, Syed Usman Hamdani, Eirini Karyotaki","doi":"10.1002/jts.23085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23085","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decade, there has been an increasing focus within scientific research on how to assist people affected by the negative consequences of trauma and crises around the globe. As many countries struggle with a lack of resources to deliver mental health interventions, scalable strategies have been developed to help more people in need. These scalable strategies were the theme of the 39th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS). The presidential panel, chaired by Marit Sijbrandij during her ISTSS presidency, brought together a group of experts in the field of scalable interventions: Kenneth Carswell, Syed Usman Hamdani, Judy Bass, and Eirini Karyotaki. The panel highlighted the current state of the evidence on scalable interventions for adults and children and outlined important next steps for research and implementation. These recommendations include further improving the availability of, and evidence for, scalable interventions through increased training and sustained funding; conducting more studies in underrepresented samples, such as children and adolescents; and promoting open access availability of research findings worldwide. In this paper, we provide an overview of the topics discussed in the panel as well as the key takeaways.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 5","pages":"790-797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.23085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medical traumatic stress: Integrating evidence-based clinical applications from health and trauma psychology 医疗创伤应激：整合健康心理学和创伤心理学的循证临床应用。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23075

Sacha McBain, Matthew J. Cordova

{"title":"Medical traumatic stress: Integrating evidence-based clinical applications from health and trauma psychology","authors":"Sacha McBain, Matthew J. Cordova","doi":"10.1002/jts.23075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23075","url":null,"abstract":"Medical events in both childhood and adulthood, including components of the illness or injury and subsequent medical intervention, recovery, and disability, are increasingly being recognized as potentially traumatic. There has been an increased focus on scholarly work related to medical trauma and medically induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Existing evidence suggests that trauma-focused treatment can promote both physical and psychological recovery. However, there continues to be a dearth of clinical guidance on how to (a) best identify and treat prior trauma exposure that complicates adjustment to illness and increases the risk for medically induced PTSD and (b) address medically induced PTSD while concurrently targeting health-related concerns (e.g., pain, adjustment to illness, acquired disability) that may negatively impact recovery. Originally presented as a premeeting institute at the 2023 Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, this paper describes the biopsychosocial impacts of medical trauma on adults and considerations for assessment and intervention in both traditional trauma and integrated care settings. This includes clinical applications, including assessment, case conceptualization, and health and rehabilitation interventions, that can promote health-related adjustment and coping within the context of trauma-focused treatment.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 5","pages":"761-767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of acute versus repeated cannabidiol administration on trauma-relevant emotional reactivity: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial 急性与反复服用大麻二酚对创伤相关情绪反应的影响：双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23072

L. Riley Gournay, Morgan L. Ferretti, Anna-Marie Nguyen, Sarah Bilsky, Grant S. Shields, Eric Mann, Parker Williams, Sydney Woychesin, Marcel Bonn-Miller, Ellen W. Leen-Feldner

{"title":"The effects of acute versus repeated cannabidiol administration on trauma-relevant emotional reactivity: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","authors":"L. Riley Gournay, Morgan L. Ferretti, Anna-Marie Nguyen, Sarah Bilsky, Grant S. Shields, Eric Mann, Parker Williams, Sydney Woychesin, Marcel Bonn-Miller, Ellen W. Leen-Feldner","doi":"10.1002/jts.23072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23072","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the widespread use and perceived efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) as an anxiolytic, few controlled studies have evaluated the effects of CBD on anxiety-relevant indications, and only one has done so in the context of trauma-related symptoms. The current study was designed to address this gap in the literature. Participants were 42 trauma-exposed individuals (Mage = 23.12 years, SDage = 6.61) who endorsed elevated stress. They were randomly assigned to take 300 mg of oral CBD or placebo daily for 1 week. Acute (i.e., following an initial 300 mg dose) and repeated (i.e., following 1 week of daily 300 mg dosing) effects of CBD were evaluated in relation to indicators of anxious arousal (i.e., anxiety, distress, heart rate) in response to idiographic trauma script presentation. The results of the current study suggest that relative to placebo, 300 mg CBD did not significantly reduce anxiety, B = 13.37, t(37) = 1.71, p = .096, d = 0.09, Bayes factor (BF10) = 0.54; distress, B = 15.20, t(37) = 1.31, p = .197, d = 0.07, BF10 = 0.51; or heart rate, B = -1.09, t(36) = -0.32, p = .755, d = 0.02, BF10 = 0.29, evoked by idiographic trauma script presentation in the context of acute or repeated administration. These data suggest that CBD may not effectively reduce trauma-relevant emotional arousal; however, more work is needed to confidently assert such claims due to the small sample size. The current study extends the groundwork for additional studies in this important area.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 6","pages":"946-958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Walking the line between fidelity and flexibility: A conceptual review of personalized approaches to manualized treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder 在忠实性和灵活性之间游刃有余：创伤后应激障碍手册化治疗个性化方法的概念回顾。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23073

Tara E. Galovski, Reginald D. V. Nixon, Shannon Kehle-Forbes

{"title":"Walking the line between fidelity and flexibility: A conceptual review of personalized approaches to manualized treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder","authors":"Tara E. Galovski, Reginald D. V. Nixon, Shannon Kehle-Forbes","doi":"10.1002/jts.23073","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.23073","url":null,"abstract":"The heterogeneity of the core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), high rates of comorbid mental and physical health conditions, and substantial impact of the disorder on functioning and well-being contribute to complex clinical presentations that can be challenging to treat. Despite these challenges, there are excellent manualized treatments for PTSD with significant empirical support. Although the success of frontline treatments for PTSD is evident, there remains room for improvement as indicated by suboptimal response and attrition rates. To address challenges to optimal therapy outcomes (COTOs), researchers have conducted numerous clinical trials designed to (a) enhance the core structure of treatment protocols to increase flexibility or (b) expand the protocols to address comorbid conditions that inhibit recovery. However, it is implausible to ever conduct the number of enhancement and expansion clinical trials necessary to test manual modifications for the universe of possible COTOs. This conceptual review describes the concept of a personalized model of therapy that leverages a case formulation approach to implementing an evidence-based treatment for PTSD. This personalized approach provides guidance for the clinician in assessing the patient's COTOs, monitoring them throughout treatment, and relying on the patient's idiosyncratic data to inform treatment decisions, including how and when to diverge from treatment when clinically indicated and ensuring a clear path to return to trauma-focused work when the COTO is stabilized. This personalized, case formulation approach to treating PTSD provides guidance for adopting a more flexible approach to treating clinically complex patients while ensuring fidelity to the protocol.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"37 5","pages":"768-774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0