Hannah Lang, Rachel E Marschang, Doris Bismarck, Anton Heusinger, Elisabeth Müller, Martin Felten
{"title":"Antibiotic susceptibility situation of environmental <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> isolates in Southern Germany.","authors":"Hannah Lang, Rachel E Marschang, Doris Bismarck, Anton Heusinger, Elisabeth Müller, Martin Felten","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem in hospitals and long-term healthcare facilities. Early detection of susceptibility pattern changes in pathogenic bacteria can prevent treatment failures. Therefore, this study chose to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility situation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> isolates from hospitals and long-term healthcare facilities in Southern Germany. Serogroups and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nine antibiotics were determined from 41 <i>L. pneumophila</i> strains. In total, 28% of the collected strains belonged to the more pathogenic serogroup 1, whereas 72% belonged to serogroups 2-14. Among the tested antibiotics, rifampicin had the lowest MIC<sub>90</sub> value. The MIC<sub>90</sub> values can be summarized in the following order: rifampicin < levofloxacin < moxifloxacin < ciprofloxacin < clarithromycin < azithromycin < erythromycin < doxycycline < tigecycline.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 12","pages":"2414-2422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Godwin Armstrong Duku, Eugene Appiah-Effah, Charles Gyamfi, Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko
{"title":"Ghana's water safety journey: A review of efforts toward a risked-based water quality management.","authors":"Godwin Armstrong Duku, Eugene Appiah-Effah, Charles Gyamfi, Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2015, Ghana launched the National Drinking Water Quality Management Framework (NDWQMF) to promote a risk-based approach to water quality through water safety plans (WSPs). This study uses a narrative review to synthesize WSP implementation progress in Ghana, identify gaps in practice, and provide recommendations for enhanced effectiveness and scale-up. Findings show limited uptake: only three of 88 urban water supply systems have adopted WSPs, while in the rural sector, the Community Water and Sanitation Agency has implemented WSPs in 177 of 1,022 small-town systems, and the safe water network in 46 systems. However, community-managed water systems overseen by local governments are yet to initiate WSPs. For those that have begun, significant documentation and implementation gaps are noted, including incomplete hazard listings, insufficient improvement plans, and absent standard operating procedures. To strengthen WSP implementation, this study emphasizes the need for robust regulatory mechanisms across urban and rural sectors, along with tailored guidelines and support structures to enable effective WSP adoption across diverse water systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 12","pages":"2370-2384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laying the groundwork for a <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> risk management program for public drinking water systems.","authors":"Gary A Burlingame, Timothy A Bartrand","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Legionella pneumophila</i> is different from traditional drinking water contaminants because it presents a latent public health risk for public and private drinking water systems and for the building water systems they supply. This paper reviews information on the likelihood of occurrence of <i>L. pneumophila</i> in public water systems to lay a foundation for public water systems, as a stakeholder in public health risk management, to better manage <i>L. pneumophila</i>. Important to this approach is a literature review to identify conditions that could potentially promote <i>L. pneumophila</i> being present in drinking water systems at either an elevated abundance or at an increased frequency of occurrence, and/or water quality and supply conditions that would contribute to its amplification. The literature review allows the development of an inventory of hazardous conditions that a public water system could experience and, therefore, can be used by water systems to develop control and monitoring strategies. However, effective <i>L. pneumophila</i> risk management programs are hampered by significant data and knowledge gaps. Priority research to advance public water system's risk assessments and management of <i>L. pneumophila</i> is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 12","pages":"2385-2397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urda Düker, Regina Nogueira, Estefania Carpio-Vallejo, Ingeborg Joost, Katharina Hüppe, Roland Suchenwirth, Yvonne Saathoff, Markus Wallner
{"title":"Sewer system sampling for wastewater-based disease surveillance: Is the work worth it?","authors":"Urda Düker, Regina Nogueira, Estefania Carpio-Vallejo, Ingeborg Joost, Katharina Hüppe, Roland Suchenwirth, Yvonne Saathoff, Markus Wallner","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent sampling is commonly used in wastewater-based disease surveillance to assess the circulation of pathogens in the population aggregated in a catchment area. However, the signal can be lost within the sewer network due to adsorption, degradation, and dilution processes. The present work aimed to investigate the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 concentration in three sub-catchments of the sewer system in the city of Hildesheim, Germany, characterised by different levels of urbanisation and presence/absence of industry, and to evaluate the benefit of sub-catchment sampling compared to WWTP influent sampling. Our study shows that sampling and analysis of virus concentrations in sub-catchments with particular settlement structures allows the identification of high concentrations of the virus at a local level in the wastewater, which are lower in samples collected at the inlet of the treatment plant covering the whole catchment. Higher virus concentrations per inhabitant were found in the sub-catchments in comparison to the inlet of the WWTP. Additionally, sewer sampling provides spatially resolved concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in the catchment area, which is important for detecting local high incidences of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2218-2232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The silent threat: Unveiling climate change's water and health challenges in Bangladesh.","authors":"Monira Parvin Moon","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.349","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wh.2024.349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bangladesh faces a growing number of issues, such as limited sources of potable water and health hazards that are either directly or indirectly linked to climate change. In total, 16 publications from 2007 to 2024 were manually screened for inclusion in this systematic review. The articles were divided into three categories: climate and water, climate and health, and climate, water, and health. Due to the climate change, 20 million individuals in Bangladesh have been suffering from water- and health-related illness. The results showed that among Bangladeshi vulnerable groups, cholera, infant diarrhea, pneumonia, dengue, malaria, mental illness, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and an increase in communicable diseases like water-, vector-, and food-borne infections, along with malnutrition, are common. Further findings of the study include health risks, water-related risks, and difficulties in determining the consequences of climate change. This review study focuses on Bangladesh, a developing country, and the correlation between climate change and the dangers of water and health-related diseases. The findings of this study have substantial implications for risk assessment, water quality, climate change, and public health, especially in poor nations, as well as for policymakers and academicians in these fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2094-2112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gisela Masachessi, Gonzalo Manuel Castro, María de Los Angeles Marinzalda, Ariana Mariela Cachi, Paola Sicilia, Veronica Emilce Prez, Laura Cecilia Martínez, Miguel Oscar Giordano, María Belen Pisano, Viviana Elizabeth Ré, Carlos Martin Del Bianco, Sofia Parisato, Micaela Fernandez, Gustavo Ibarra, Laura Lopez, Gabriela Barbás, Silvia Viviana Nates
{"title":"Unveiling the silent information of wastewater-based epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 at community and sanitary zone levels: experience in Córdoba City, Argentina.","authors":"Gisela Masachessi, Gonzalo Manuel Castro, María de Los Angeles Marinzalda, Ariana Mariela Cachi, Paola Sicilia, Veronica Emilce Prez, Laura Cecilia Martínez, Miguel Oscar Giordano, María Belen Pisano, Viviana Elizabeth Ré, Carlos Martin Del Bianco, Sofia Parisato, Micaela Fernandez, Gustavo Ibarra, Laura Lopez, Gabriela Barbás, Silvia Viviana Nates","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of COVID-19 in 2020 significantly enhanced the application of wastewater monitoring for detecting SARS-CoV-2 circulation within communities. From October 2021 to October 2022, we collected 406 wastewater samples weekly from the Córdoba Central Pipeline Network (BG-WWTP) and six specific sewer manholes from sanitary zones (SZs). Following WHO guidelines, we processed samples and detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA and variants using real-time PCR. Monitoring at the SZ level allowed for the development of a viral activity flow map, pinpointing key areas of SARS-CoV-2 circulation and tracking its temporal spread and variant evolution. Our findings demonstrate that wastewater-based surveillance acts as a sensitive indicator of viral activity, detecting imminent increases in COVID-19 cases before they become evident in clinical data. This study highlights the effectiveness of targeted wastewater monitoring at both municipal and SZ levels in identifying viral hotspots and assessing community-wide circulation. Importantly, the data shows that environmental wastewater studies provide valuable insights into virus presence, independent of clinical COVID-19 case records, and offer a robust tool for adapting to future public health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2171-2183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of the physiochemical parameters on the occurrence of <i>E. coli</i> bacteria in a small and shallow reservoir.","authors":"Goran Volf, Ivana Sušanj Čule, Sonja Zorko","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microbiological quality of water plays a crucial role in the relationship among human, animal, and environmental health. This research gives insight into the relationship between concentrations of <i>Escherichia coli</i> bacteria and physiochemical parameters in water, which is captured from the Butoniga reservoir and then used for treatment in the drinking water treatment plant Butoniga. Analysis was carried out using statistical analysis through the Pearson correlation coefficient and supported with PCA. The conducted analysis revealed that turbidity and Fe have the highest correlation coefficients with <i>E. coli</i> bacteria. Turbidity was also identified as a potential indicator for <i>E. coli</i> bacteria. Additionally, parameters such as Mn and UV 254 were also found to be closely related to <i>E. coli</i> bacteria, alongside turbidity and Fe. Furthermore, a relationship between <i>E. coli</i> bacteria and different water intakes was conducted. This shows that higher concentrations of <i>E. coli</i> bacteria were present when water was captured from lower water intakes, characterized by increased water turbidity. Thus, the research results provide important information on influential water quality parameters related to <i>E. coli</i> bacteria, especially in the Butoniga reservoir and related drinking water treatment plant, creating a foundation for future water quality management.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2206-2217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cancer incidence associations with drinking water arsenic levels and disinfection methods in Maine, USA.","authors":"Jean D MacRae, Michael D Abbott, Gudeta D Fufaa","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maine is a largely rural state where nearly half of the population uses drinking water from private wells. Arsenic (As) is present in some Maine groundwater, has been linked to cancer, and a lack of testing and treatment may expose people with private wells to elevated As levels. Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) include known and suspected carcinogens that form when chlorine or chloramines are added to water. People served by public water systems may be exposed to elevated levels of regulated DBPs such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids associated with chlorine and/or unregulated nitrogenous DBPs, or N-DBPs, such as nitrite and N-nitrosodimethylamine associated with chloramines. Contrary to initial expectations, there were no significant associations between median town As in well water and bladder, lung, kidney, or skin cancer incidence. Furthermore, bladder, melanoma, and other skin cancer incidence rates were negatively correlated with the percent of the town population using private wells. Analysis of cancer incidence associated with chlorine and chloramine disinfection showed elevated melanoma, and other skin cancer with chloramine use and elevated bladder and non-melanoma skin cancer with chlorine use compared to the no disinfectant case. We recommend more research on the links between disinfectant use and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2246-2256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficiency evaluation of wastewater treatment by three macrophytes using a pilot-constructed wetland system in Ota, Nigeria.","authors":"Lazarus D Justin, David O Olukanni","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three aquatic macrophytes were used to treat wastewater using a pilot-constructed wetland (CW) system to determine the most efficient plants for removing contaminants from wastewater. The three macrophytes are water hyacinth (<i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>), water lettuce (<i>Pistia stratiotes</i>), and duckweed (<i>Lemna minor</i>). Three 150 L capacity tanks with sand and gravel as substrates were used as the pilot CW for each plant. Upon initial examination, the raw wastewater was not compliant with standard discharge limits. The wastewater samples were collected every 7 days for 3 weeks for treatment. From the findings, at 14 days hydraulic retention time (HRT), <i>E. crassipes</i> and <i>P. stratiotes</i> achieved the highest total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen deman (COD) reductions of 99.3 and 99.4%, respectively. <i>E. crassipes</i> indicated better biological oxygen demand removal efficiency of 91.3%, COD (85.0%), electrical conductivity (90.4%), total dissolved solids (89.7%), and total coliforms (66.0%). Albeit, <i>P. stratiotes</i> indicated better results for total suspended solids (96.2%), TP (7.55%), and <i>E. coli</i> (94.4%), while <i>L. minor</i> was better with 90.8% total nitrogen removal. The overall analysis showed <i>E. crassipes</i> to be more efficient than the three macrophytes. However, the other two plants are replaceable options and large-scale implementation of this project in the community would be a major contributor to actualizing SDG number 6.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2040-2053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petra Reeve, Gretchen Marshall, Po Zhang, Ben Thwaites, Ben van den Akker
{"title":"Pathogen validation of small- and large-scale recycled water plants utilizing various clarification and media filtration technologies.","authors":"Petra Reeve, Gretchen Marshall, Po Zhang, Ben Thwaites, Ben van den Akker","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Media filters are important in wastewater recycling schemes for pathogen removal. Filter selection depends on health targets and plant scale; however, there is a data gap concerning pathogen removal efficacy at full scale. This study compared the pathogen removal performance of two full-scale filtration technologies, including a small 17,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d pressurized media filtration (PMF) plant and a large 120,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d gravity filter in the form of dissolved air flotation filtration (DAFF). The preceding clarification processes were also assessed. Validation of protozoa and virus removal was estimated by dosing model organisms yeast and MS2 bacteriophage to demonstrate removal potential. The DAFF process (coagulation, flotation and filtration) was most efficient at removing bacteriophage with a mean log<sub>10</sub> reduction value (LRV) of 2.90 (±0.64), compared with 0.98 (±0.37) achieved by coagulation, sedimentation and PMF. Yeast log<sub>10</sub> reduction though both systems were similar measuring 3.80 (±1.06) through DAFF and 4.57 (±0.14) through coagulation, sedimentation and PMF. The DAFF process showed greater variability in MS2 and yeast removal, which was attributed to filtration. Energy and chemical usage were also evaluated, revealing trade-offs between these factors, treatment scale and pathogen LRVs, offering practical insights into the technological and economic aspects of designing fit-for-purpose recycled water schemes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"22 11","pages":"2132-2145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}