Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association of low muscle mass index and sarcopenic obesity with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Qiming Wu, Zhuyan Xu, Xiaomin Ma, Juan Li, Jun Du, Jing Ji, Xiaomeng Ling, Juntao Kan, Min Zhao","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2352393","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2352393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia and knee osteoarthritis are common age-related diseases that have become important public health issues worldwide. Few studies have reported the association between muscle mass loss and knee osteoarthritis. This may be due to the high level of heterogeneity between studies stemming from different definitions of muscle mass loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The systematic searches were carried out in PubMed and Web of Science from the inception of the databases until 13 January 2023, by two independent researchers. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) for overall and subgroup analyses were obtained using either a random effects model (I² >50%) or fixed effects model (I² ≤50%) in Stata.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,606 studies identified, we ultimately included 12 articles on the association between muscle mass and knee osteoarthritis (prospective: <i>n</i> = 5; cross-sectional: <i>n</i> = 7). Low-quality evidence indicated that low muscle mass index and sarcopenic obesity increase the odds of knee osteoarthritis (low muscle mass index OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13-1.64; sarcopenic obesity OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.35-2.34). However, no association was observed between general sarcopenia or low muscle mass with knee osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that low muscle mass index and sarcopenic obesity were associated with an increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2352393"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11123550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"6-week time-restricted eating improves body composition, maintains exercise performance, without exacerbating eating disorder in female DanceSport dancers.","authors":"Yanbing Zhou, Xian Guo, Zeyao Liu, Dan Sun, Yujie Liang, Hong Shen, Xinxin Li, Jinhao Mu, Jingying Liu, Guoxia Cao, Mengmeng Chen","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2369613","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2369613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the high risk of eating disorder (ED)-related attitudes and behaviors among female dancers, targeted scientific dietary regimens are currently inadequate. Time-restricted eating (TRE), a popular intermittent fasting protocol, has been shown to be effective in enhancing body composition and exercise performance in athletes. In this study, TRE was employed as a dietary regimen to improve body composition and exercise performance and address ED attitudes and behaviors in DanceSport dancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty female DanceSport dancers were recruited and divided into two groups: TRE (<i>n</i> = 10) and normal diet (ND) (<i>n</i> = 10). The TRE group consumed their self-selected necessary energy intake exclusively between 11 a.m. and 7 p.m. (utilizing a 16-hour fasting and 8-hour eating window) for 6 weeks, while the ND group maintained their regular dieting patterns. The consumption of water, black tea, or coffee without added sugar or milk was not restricted. Physical activity and calorie intake were systematically recorded during the TRE intervention. Body composition, aerobic and anaerobic performance, and ED attitudes and behaviors were assessed before and after the TRE intervention. The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the identifier ChiCTR2200063780.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fixed effects tests (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and estimates for the intercept (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) of hunger level indicated a noticeable effect on the initial state of hunger during TRE. No significant differences were observed in ED attitudes or behaviors (<i>p</i> > 0.05). TRE resulted in a reduction in hip circumference (<i>p</i> = 0.039), fat mass (kg) (<i>p</i> = 0.0004), and body fat percentage (<i>p</i> = 0.0005), with no significant decrease in fat-free mass (<i>p</i> > 0.05). No significant improvement was observed in aerobic performance (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The average power (AP) (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and AP/Body weight ratio (<i>p</i> = 0.003) significantly increased. Additionally, the power drop decreased significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.019). Group-by-time interactions were observed for fat mass (kg) (<i>p</i> = 0.01), body fat percentage (<i>p</i> = 0.035), and AP/Body weight (<i>p</i> = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TRE can be considered a feasible nutritional strategy for DanceSport dancers, facilitating improvements in body composition without compromising aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance or exacerbating ED attitudes and behaviors. Moreover, TRE may facilitate more favorable physiological adaptations, potentially contributing to improved exercise performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2369613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11195454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of astaxanthin supplementation on markers of cardiometabolic health and tactical performance among firefighters.","authors":"Drew E Gonzalez, Broderick L Dickerson, Sarah E Johnson, Kathryn E Woodruff, Megan Leonard, Choongsung Yoo, Joungbo Ko, Dante Xing, Victoria Martinez, Jacob Kendra, Landry Estes, Ryan J Sowinski, Chris J Rasmussen, Steven E Martin, Richard B Kreider","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2427751","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2427751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Firefighters are at risk for cardiovascular disease due to occupational-related inflammation, oxidative stress, and lifestyle practices. Astaxanthin (AX) possesses anti-inflammatory/antioxidant and purported ergogenic properties. This study examined the impact of supplementing the diet with 12 mg/d AX for four weeks on markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiometabolic health, exercise capacity, and occupation-related performance in career firefighters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover fashion, 15 male career firefighters (34.5 ± 7.4 years; 177.7 ± 7.0 cm; 95.6 ± 12.0 kg; 30.1 ± 2.9 kg/m²; 11.03 ± 6.85 years of service) ingested 12 mg/d of AX (AstaReal®, AstaReal AB, Nacka, SWE) or placebo (PLA) for four weeks while following a standardized resistance training program. After each treatment, testing sessions were completed to assess inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, cardiopulmonary exercise capacity, and performance to a fire ground test (FGT) consisting of nine fire suppressive activities. Data were analyzed using general linear model (GLM) analysis with repeated measures. Clinical significance was assessed via mean changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of mean percent changes from baseline revealed that AX supplementation lessened the inflammatory response to to performing an incremental maximal exercise test and attenuated increases in interleukin-1β, cortisol, and uric acid in response to performing fire suppressive activities compared to when they ingested PLA. However, most of these effects were within groups rather than between groups. Additionally, there was evidence that AX ingestion increased the ventilatory anaerobic threshold. Four weeks of AX supplementation did not significantly affect fasting markers of oxidative stress, blood lipids, performance during the FGT, general clinical chemistry panels, or self-reported side effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results provide some evidence that AX supplementation may help mediate occupation-related inflammation in response to high-intensity, short-duration exercise in firefighters. More research is warranted to determine if long-term supplementation can improve cardiometabolic risk in this population.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ISRCTN10901752.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2427751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial.","authors":"Yi-Jie Shiu, Che-Hsiu Chen, Wu-Shiun Tao, Hui-Fang Nai, Chen-Yi Yu, Chih-Hui Chiu","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2414871","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2414871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on fatigue index and 400-meter performance in trained sprinters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen participants (age: 20.9 ± 1.0 years; height: 175.6 ± 4.9 cm; mass: 66.5 ± 5.6 kg; training age: 7.9 ± 1.0 years) were randomly assigned to either a caffeine trial (CAF) or a placebo trial (PL) using a double-blind, randomized crossover design. The participants in the CAF trial chewed a gum containing 3 mg/kg of caffeine for a period of 10 minutes, while those in the PL trial chewed a gum containing a placebo with no caffeine. Following a 15-minute period of rest, the fatigue index was tested by six maximal 35-meter sprints with a 10-second rest between efforts. After this, at least 30 minutes of rest was permitted, during which time the participants engaged in brief warm-up activities prior to the commencement of the 400-meter sprint test. Saliva samples were collected before chewing gum, before the fatigue test and before 400-meters sprinting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fatigue index was significantly lower in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (CAF: 8.1 ± 2.5%; PL: 9.6 ± 4.8%; <i>p</i> = 0.046, Cohen's d = 039). The CAF trial demonstrated significantly lower sprint time for the 300-400 meter segment (CAF: 14.73 ± 1.35 seconds; PL: 15.23 ± 1.30 seconds; <i>p</i> = 0.019, Cohen's d = 0.37) and total sprint time compared to the PL trial (CAF: 53.87 ± 2.88 seconds; PL: 54.68 ± 3.37 seconds; <i>p</i> = 0.003, Cohen's d = 0.27). Saliva caffeine and α-amylase concentration were significantly higher in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated that caffeine gum supplementation prior to exercise significantly reduced the fatigue index and increased the capacity to maintain speed, particularly in the final 300 to 400 meters, as well as enhancing 400-meter sprint performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2414871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are caffeine effects equivalent between different modes of administration: the acute effects of 3 mg.kg^-1 caffeine on the muscular strength and power of male university Rugby Union players.","authors":"Jason Tallis, Michael J Duncan, Neil D Clarke, Rhys O Morris, Ryan A Tamilio","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2419385","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2419385","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;There is growing interest in the potential of alternative modes of caffeine administration for enhancing sports performance. Given that alternative modes may evoke improved physical performance via distinct mechanisms, effects may not be comparable and studies directly comparing the erogenicity of alternative modes of caffeine administration are lacking. To address this knowledge gap, the present study evaluated the effect of 3 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; caffeine delivered in anhydrous form via capsule ingestion, chewing gum or mouth rinsing on measures of muscular strength, power, and strength endurance in male Rugby Union players.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Twenty-seven participants completed the study (Mean ± SD: Age 20 ± 2 yrs; daily caffeine consumption 188 ± 88 mg). Following assessments and reassessment of chest press (CP), shoulder press (SP), Deadlift (DL), and Squat (SQ) 1-repetition maximum (1RM) and familiarization to the experimental procedures, participants completed six experimental trials where they were administered 3 mg.kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; caffeine (Caff) or placebo (Plac) capsule&lt;sub&gt;(CAP)&lt;/sub&gt;, chewing gum&lt;sub&gt;(GUM)&lt;/sub&gt; or mouth rinse&lt;sub&gt;(RINSE)&lt;/sub&gt; in a randomized, double-blind and counterbalanced fashion prior to force platform assessment of countermovement jump, drop jump and isometric mid-thigh pull performance. Strength endurance was measured across two sets of CP, SP, DL, and SQ at 70% 1RM until failure. Pre-exercise perceptions of motivation and arousal were also determined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Caffeine increased perceived readiness to invest mental effort (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .038; ηp&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=.156), countermovement jump height (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .035; ηp&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=.160) and SQ repetitions until failure in the first set (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001; d = .481), but there was no effect of delivery mode (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; .687; ηp&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;.015). Readiness to invest physical effort, felt arousal, drop jump height, countermovement jump, drop jump and isometric mid-thigh pull ground reaction force-time characteristics and repetitions until failure in CP, SP and DL were not affected by caffeine administration or mode of caffeine delivery (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; .0.052; ηp&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt; .136).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;3 mg.kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; caffeine administered via capsule, gum or mouth rinse had limited effects on muscular strength, power, and strength endurance. Small effects of caffeine on CMJ height could not be explained by changes in specific ground reaction force-time characteristics and were not transferable to DJ performance, and effects specific to the SQ RTP exercise underpin the complexity in understanding effects of caffeine on muscular function. Novel modes of caffeine administration proposed to evoke benefits via distinct mechanisms did not offer unique effects, and the small number of effects demonstrated may have little translation to a single performance trial when data examining direct compariso","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2419385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kavalactones support motivation to move during intensive training in males preparing for military special operations forces.","authors":"Sheena Y Smith, Carlos F Aylwin, Tyler F Daniels, Jennifer L Greer, Laura J Kunces, Loukia Lili, Stephen M Phipps, Caleb M Schmidt, Julian C Schmidt, Michael A Schmidt","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2377194","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2377194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Military special operators, elite athletes, and others requiring uninterrupted optimal performance currently lack options for sleep and mood support without performance-inhibiting effects. Kavalactones, derived from the root of the kava plant (<i>Piper methysticum</i> Forst), have been shown to elevate mood and wellbeing by producing a feeling of relaxation without addiction or cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this placebo-controlled, crossover study (NCT05381025), we investigated the effects of 2 weeks of kavalactones use on cortisol (diurnal salivary), sleep (RSQ-W; Restorative Sleep Questionnaire, Weekly), mood (DASS-21; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21), and motivation state to expend (Move) or conserve (Rest) energy (CRAVE; Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure, Right Now) in a cohort of 15 healthy, physically fit young males engaged in a rigorous, two-a-day preparation class for special operations forces qualification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cortisol, sleep, and mood were within normal, healthy parameters in this cohort at baseline. This remained unchanged with kavalactones use with no significant findings of clinical interest. However, a statistically similar, positive slope for within-group Move scores was seen in both groups during kavalactones loading (first group Move slope 2.25, second group Move slope 3.29, <i>p</i> = 0.299). This trend was seen regardless of order and with no apparent effects on the Rest metric (all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.05). Moreover, a significant between-group difference appeared after 1 week of kavalactones use in the first phase (<i>p = </i>0.044) and persisted through the end of the first loading period (<i>p</i> = 0.022). Following the 10-day washout, this between-groups divergence remained significant (<i>p</i> = 0.038) but was reversed by 1 week after the crossover (<i>p = </i>0.072), with Move scores once again statistically similar between groups and compared to baseline at study end. Furthermore, the group taking kavalactones first never experienced a significant decrease in Move motivation state (lowest mean score 21.0, highest 28.6, all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.05), while the group receiving kavalactones in the last 2 weeks of the study had Move scores that were statistically lower than baseline (lowest mean score 8.6, highest 25.9, all <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) at all time points but the last (<i>p</i> = 0.063) after 2 weeks of kavalactones exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report a novel finding that kavalactones may support performance by maintaining or rescuing the desire to expend energy in the context of significant physical and mental strain in well-conditioned individuals, even in a context of already normal cortisol, sleep, and mood.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2377194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11254123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of food supplements and sports foods consumption patterns among a sample of gym-goers in Portugal.","authors":"Sofia Lopes, Madalena Cunha, João Guilherme Costa, Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2388077","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2388077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gym-goers usually seek methods to improve performance, muscle gain, and overall health. One of the main strategies is including food supplements (FS) into their routine as aids to enhance their athletic capabilities and satisfy their nutritional needs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate and characterize the main FS and Sports Foods (SF) currently consumed, as well as the main reasons for their use and the source of advice in a group of gym-goers in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 303 gym-goers from Lisbon, Portugal, who were 133 women and 170 males (30.8 ± 12.9 years old). Face-to-face interviews were used by qualified researchers to gather data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the interviewed athletes (71.95 %) took FS/SF, being men the main consumers. On average, 1.59 supplements were consumed per athlete. Logistic regression models indicated significant associations between age, gender, and motivations for gym attendance. While men and younger groups attended mainly for hypertrophy, women and older groups were focused on well-being. Protein (59.17 %) was the most used FS/SF, followed by creatine (41.28 %) and multivitamins (27.06 %). Men and younger individuals preferred protein and creatine, while older individuals focused more on specific vitamins and minerals. Women seemed to prefer L-carnitine and protein yogurts. Main sources of information included the internet, friends, and dietitians with notable gender and age-based preferences. Online stores were the main place of purchase. Monthly expenditures on FS/SF were not significantly affected by age or gender, but motivations for use had an influence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most of the athletes interviewed took FS/SF, being men the major consumers. Protein was the principal FS/SF used, with online stores being the main place of purchase and the internet the primary source of information. Age and gender were key factors in adopted training, in the FS/SF chosen, and in the source of information selected. It is crucial that health professionals take primary responsibility for providing this guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2388077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11312987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation with high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory endurance and metabolism in Middle-Aged Obese Women.","authors":"Yi-Chen Chen, Hsuan-Yun Wang, Futoshi Ogita, Chi-Hsiang Hung, Chia-Hua Kuo, Jie-Ping Wang, Chia-Min Wang, Chien-Wen Hou, Ting-Yao Wang","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2425609","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2425609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve chronic diseases. Probiotics have been found to have similar effects. However, the additive effects of HIIT in combination with probiotics supplementation are unclear. The aim of current study was to investigate whether there were additive effects when implementing both HIIT and probiotics simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-seven obese middle-aged women (Age: 44.5 ± 5.94 years, body fat percentage: 40.0 ± 4.1%) were recruited and assigned into four groups: control group (C, <i>n</i> = 12), probiotics group (P, <i>n</i> = 12), HIIT group (H, <i>n</i> = 11), and HIIT with probiotics group (HP, <i>n</i> = 12). All the participants consumed probiotics <i>(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10, 6 × 10¹⁰ CFU/day) or placebo supplements daily. Exercise intervention groups conducted HIIT training (85-90% vVO₂max for 2 min, followed by a 1-min inactive rest interval, repeated for 7 cycles) 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Anthropometry, cardiorespiratory endurance, blood glucose, and lipid profile were measured at baseline and after the 8-week intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the intervention, there were significant changes between groups in the variations and rates of change in waist circumference, hip circumference, and TTE. The waist circumference in group H significantly increased compared to groups C and P, while group HP did not show significant difference compared to group C. On the other hand, the hip circumference decreased significantly in group HP compared to group C, and the decreased rate in group HP was significantly greater than in groups C and P. Furthermore, the increase rates in TTE were higher in group H and HP compared to group C.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIIT improves TTE but negatively affects waist circumference compared to the control group. However, when combined with probiotics, the probiotics not only help enhance TTE but also counteract the negative impact on waist circumference and further reduce hip circumference, resulting in a synergistic effect.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06285578.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2425609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11613408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of caffeine ingestion on time trial performance in cyclists: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Bin Chen, Li Ding, Qiyang Qin, Tze-Huan Lei, Olivier Girard, Yinhang Cao","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2363789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2363789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caffeine, widely recognized as an ergogenic aid, has undergone extensive research, demonstrating its effectiveness to enhance endurance performance. However, there remains a significant gap in systematically evaluating its effects on time trial (TT) performance in cyclists.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of caffeine ingestion to increase cycling TT performance in cyclists and to evaluate the optimal dosage range for maximum effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of four databases was completed on 1 December 2023. The selected studies comprised crossover, placebo-controlled investigations into the effects of caffeine ingestion on cycling TT performance. Completion time (Time) and mean power output (MPO) were used as performance measures for TT. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model to assess the standardized mean differences (SMD) in individual studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analyses. Subgroup analysis showed that moderate doses of caffeine intake (4-6 mg/kg) significantly improved cycling performance (SMD _Time = -0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.84 ~ -0.26, <i>p</i> < 0.01, <i>I</i>² = 35%; SMD _MPO = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.09 ~ 0.79, <i>p</i> < 0.05, <i>I</i>² = 39%), while the effects of low doses (1-3 mg/kg) of caffeine were not significant (SMD _Time = -0.34, 95% CI = -0.84 ~ 0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.19, <i>I</i>² = 0%; SMD _MPO = 0.31, 95% CI = -0.02 ~ 0.65, <i>p</i> = 0.07, <i>I</i>² = 0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A moderate dosage (4-6 mg/kg) of caffeine, identified as the optimal dose range, can significantly improve the time trial performance of cyclists, while a low dose (1-3 mg/kg) does not yield improvement. In addition, the improvements in completion time and mean power output resulting from a moderate dose of caffeine are essentially the same in cycling time trails.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2363789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salidroside and exercise performance in healthy active young adults - an exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Neil A Schwarz, Matthew T Stratton, Ryan J Colquhoun, Alexia M Manganti, Margaux Sherbourne, Florian Mourey, Caitlyn C White, Heather Day, Micaela C Dusseault, Geoffrey M Hudson, Christopher R Vickery, Holly C Schachner, Philip G Kasprzyk, Jing-Ke Weng","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2433744","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2433744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rhodiola rosea extract is purported to improve physical performance and support resilience to stress. Salidroside is considered to be one of the main constituents responsible for the ergogenic actions of R. rosea. However, R. rosea extract contains relatively little salidroside and cultivation of R. rosea is challenging as it is mainly found in high-altitude, cold regions. Additionally, the R. rosea plant is subject to conservation concerns because of its growing popularity. The purpose of this exploratory study was to evaluate the short-term effects of pure, biosynthetic salidroside supplementation on exercise performance, mood state, and markers of inflammation and muscle damage in healthy active young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty participants (30 M, 20F; 21 ± 4 yrs; 173 ± 8 cm; 74 ± 13 kg) were randomly assigned to either salidroside (60 mg/day for 16 days) or placebo supplementation and underwent peak oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak), intermittent time-to-exhaustion (TTE), and local muscular endurance assessments, along with mood state evaluations using the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Blood samples were analyzed for erythropoietin, myoglobin, creatine kinase-MM, and C-reactive protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Salidroside supplementation enhanced overall percent predicted oxygen uptake during high-intensity intermittent exercise (<i>p</i> < 0.01). An increase in serum myoglobin was observed 24 hours following exercise in the placebo group (<i>p</i> = 0.02) compared with baseline whereas no statistically significant increase was observed for the salidroside group indicating reduced exercise-induced muscle damage. Placebo group experienced a decrease in number of intervals performed during the TTE test (<i>p</i> = 0.03), and a decrease in friendliness (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and an increase in fatigue-inertia (<i>p</i> < 0.01) as reported by POMS. The salidroside group exhibited stable mood states and maintained performance levels during the time-to-exhaustion test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salidroside supplementation may enhance oxygen utilization and mitigate exercise-induced muscle damage and fatigue, warranting further research on its long-term effects and potential as an adaptogen for active individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2433744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}