Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of iron-deficient but non-anemic university athletes in Japan: an observational cohort study.","authors":"Takahiro Nabeyama, Yosuke Suzuki, Hiroaki Saito, Kana Yamamoto, Michiko Sakane, Yoichiro Sasaki, Haruka Shindo, Morihito Takita, Masahiro Kami","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2284948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2284948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are long-standing health problems in athletes, affecting both performance and health. ID prevalence in young athletes remains high and a matter of concern. ID and IDA can lead to fatigue, reduced endurance, and decreased oxygen transport, potentially compromising athletic performance. We hypothesized that ID would still be a major health concern in university athletes across sports clubs in Japan.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ID and IDA in athletes participating in Kendo, badminton, baseball, and handball at the University of Tsukuba (Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan). The study also examined the correlation between hypoferritinemia and other variables, such as previous use of iron supplements, body mass index (BMI), energy intake, and years of athletics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January and December 2019, 126 university athletes, consisting of 79 males and 47 females, underwent physical measurements and blood tests. The blood test included complete blood count, levels of serum ferritin, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity. The anemia was defined in accordance with the WHO criteria. Daily energy and iron intake were estimated with the food frequency questionnaire in Japanese (FFQg). Thirty-four female athletes responded to a survey about their menstruation and low-dose estrogen-progestin (LEP) usage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While none of the athletes had anemia, 22 (47%) female athletes exhibited serum ferritin levels of 30 ng/mL or less, defining them as hypoferritinemia. The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that a shorter duration of the athletic experience (adjusted odd ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.62 [0.43-0.90]), lower energy intake (0.994 [0.989-0.999]), and higher dietary iron intake (4.40 [1.12-17.26]) were associated with hypoferritinemia. Seventeen (50%) female athletes reported a decline in subjective performance during menstruation, albeit two took LEP regularly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals that ID is a prevalent health concern among young female athletes across sports clubs. It underscores the need for their education on the importance of assessing ID status. Limitation includes the nature of single-site and observational study, the absence of hepcidin measurement, and an unspecified amount of exercise. Comprehensive investigations are needed to elucidate the causes and optimal treatments for ID in young athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2284948"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11018321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138451736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen peptides supplementation improves function, pain, and physical and mental outcomes in active adults.","authors":"Shiloah A Kviatkovsky, Robert C Hickner, Hannah E Cabre, Stephanie D Small, Michael J Ormsbee","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2243252","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2243252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic pain affects 19% of adults in the United States, with increasing prevalence in active and aging populations. Pain can limit physical activity and activities of daily living (ADLs), resulting in declined mental and social health. Nutritional interventions for pain currently target inflammation or joint health, but few influence both. Collagen, the most abundant protein in the human body and constituent of the extra cellular matrix, is such a nutraceutical. While there have been reports of reductions in pain with short-term collagen peptide (CP) supplementation, there are no long-term studies specifically in healthy middle-aged active adults.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the effects of daily CP consumption over 3, 6, and 9 months on survey measures of pain, function, and physical and mental health using The Knee Injury & Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) and Veterans Rand 12 (VR-12) in middle-aged active adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a double-blind randomized control trial with three treatment groups (Placebo, 10 g/d CP, and 20 g/d CP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Improvements in ADLs (<i>p</i> = .031, η_p² = .096) and pain (<i>p</i> = .037, η_p² = .164) were observed with 10 g/d CP over 6 months, although pain only improved in high frequency exercisers (>180 min/week). Additionally, VR-12 mental component scores (MCS) improved with 10 g/d of CP over 3-9 months (<i>p</i> = .017, η_p² = .309), while physical component scores (PCS) improved with 20 g/d of CP over 3-9 months, but only in females (<i>p</i> = .013, η_p²= .582).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest 10 to 20 g/d of CP supplementation over 6 to 9 months may improve ADLs, pain, MCS, and PCS in middle-aged active adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2243252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10411303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9975112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Effects of essential amino acid supplementation on exercise and performance.","authors":"Arny A Ferrando, Robert R Wolfe, Katie R Hirsch, David D Church, Shiloah A Kviatkovsky, Michael D Roberts, Jeffrey R Stout, Drew E Gonzalez, Ryan J Sowinski, Richard B Kreider, Chad M Kerksick, Nicholas A Burd, Stefan M Pasiakos, Michael J Ormsbee, Shawn M Arent, Paul J Arciero, Bill I Campbell, Trisha A VanDusseldorp, Ralf Jager, Darryn S Willoughby, Douglas S Kalman, Jose Antonio","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2263409","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2263409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) presents this position based on a critical examination of literature surrounding the effects of essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation on skeletal muscle maintenance and performance. This position stand is intended to provide a scientific foundation to athletes, dietitians, trainers, and other practitioners as to the benefits of supplemental EAA in both healthy and resistant (aging/clinical) populations. EAAs are crucial components of protein intake in humans, as the body cannot synthesize them. The daily recommended intake (DRI) for protein was established to prevent deficiencies due to inadequate EAA consumption. The following conclusions represent the official position of the Society: 1. Initial studies on EAAs' effects on skeletal muscle highlight their primary role in stimulating muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and turnover. Protein turnover is critical for replacing degraded or damaged muscle proteins, laying the metabolic foundation for enhanced functional performance. Consequently, research has shifted to examine the effects of EAA supplementation - with and without the benefits of exercise - on skeletal muscle maintenance and performance. 2. Supplementation with free-form EAAs leads to a quick rise in peripheral EAA concentrations, which in turn stimulates MPS. 3. The safe upper limit of EAA intake (amount), without inborn metabolic disease, can easily accommodate additional supplementation. 4. At rest, stimulation of MPS occurs at relatively small dosages (1.5-3.0 g) and seems to plateau at around 15-18 g. 5. The MPS stimulation by EAAs does not require non-essential amino acids. 6. Free-form EAA ingestion stimulates MPS more than an equivalent amount of intact protein. 7. Repeated EAA-induced MPS stimulation throughout the day does not diminish the anabolic effect of meal intake. 8. Although direct comparisons of various formulas have yet to be investigated, aging requires a greater proportion of leucine to overcome the reduced muscle sensitivity known as \"anabolic resistance.\" 9. Without exercise, EAA supplementation can enhance functional outcomes in anabolic-resistant populations. 10. EAA requirements rise in the face of caloric deficits. During caloric deficit, it's essential to meet whole-body EAA requirements to preserve anabolic sensitivity in skeletal muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2263409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10561576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41204114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of pre-exercise protein intake on substrate metabolism, energy expenditure, and energy intake: a dose-response study.","authors":"Wouter Michiel Peeters, Lauren Elizabetha Cook, Oliver Page","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2275006","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2275006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-exercise protein consumption does not seem to influence substrate metabolism during exercise compared to fasted exercise, however it is unclear if the protein dose impacts on this effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blinded within-subject design trial, healthy, active males and females (<i>n</i> = 15, 25 ± 5 yrs, O2peak: 47.5 ± 8.8 ml/kg/min) completed 1 h of cycling exercise at 60% peak power output 30 min after having consumed either 0, 20, or 40 g of whey protein. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure substrate oxidation during exercise and baseline and post-exercise resting energy expenditure. Blood samples were taken throughout the trials to measure metabolic responses. Free-living food intake post-trial was collected using food diaries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fat oxidation rates during exercise did not differ between the three conditions (<i>p</i> = 0.19) with small effect sizes between conditions (Cohen's dz: 0 vs. 20 g = 0.22, 0 vs. 40 g = 0.47, 20 vs. 40 g = 0.27). Serum insulin was higher in the protein groups vs. 0 g (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas non-esterified fatty acids were higher in the 0 g compared to 20 and 40 g (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Glucose was significantly lower after 15 min of exercise in 20 and 40 g vs. 0 g (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Resting energy expenditure was elevated post-exercise (<i>p</i> < 0.001), without an interaction for protein dose (<i>p</i> = 0.90). Post-trial free-living energy intake was not different between conditions (<i>p</i> = 0.31), but 24-h energy intake was significantly higher in 40 vs. 0 g (<i>p</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Protein doses up to 40 g do not seem to impair fat oxidation rates during exercise compared to fasted exercise and could be considered as a nutritional strategy for exercising individuals who struggle to include fasted exercise in their training.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2275006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11018317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54229780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and adverse effects of sport-related nutritional supplements (sport drinks, bars, and gels) in the military before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.","authors":"Joseph J Knapik, Daniel W Trone, Ryan A Steelman, Emily K Farina, Harris R Lieberman","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2277246","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2277246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sport-related nutritional supplements (SRNS) include sport drinks, sport bars, and sport gels. This investigation examined temporal patterns in SRNS use and adverse effects (AEs) reported by a single cohort of United States active-duty service members (SMs) surveyed before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A stratified random sample (<i>n</i> = 22,858) of SMs (Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps) who completed a questionnaire on their SRNS use and AE experiences and were still on active duty were asked to complete the identical questionnaire on a second occasion. Twenty-five percent of successfully contacted SMs completed both questionnaires (<i>n</i> = 5,778) and were included in this investigation. The average ± standard deviation time between questionnaires was 1.3 ± 0.2 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of reported SRNS use ≥1 time/week in the baseline (BL) and follow-up (FU) phases were as follows: any SRNS: BL = 46%, FU = 41%; sport drinks: BL = 31%, FU = 28%; sport bars: BL = 30%, FU = 24%; sport gels: BL = 4%, FU = 4%. Reported weekly aerobic and resistance training durations were reduced in the FU period (8% and 26%, respectively). The proportion of SMs reporting SRNS use in both study phases was as follows: any SRNS = 62%, sport drinks = 54%, sport bars = 50%, sport gels = 35%. Prevalence of reported AEs in the BL and FU phases were as follows: any SRNS: BL = 1.9%, FU = 1.9%; sport drinks: BL = 1.0%, FU = 1.3%; sport bars: BL = 1.7%, FU = 1.4%; sport gels: BL = 3.3%, FU = 2.5%. The proportion of SMs reporting AEs in both phases was as follows: any SRNS = 14%, sport drinks = 11%, sport bars = 17%, sport gels = 0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall SRNS use prevalence decreased slightly in the FU period, possibly because of reduced physical training related to military restrictions imposed during the emergence of COVID-19 between surveys. A large proportion of SMs reported changing their use patterns in the FU with some discontinuing use and others initiating use. The AE incidence was similarly low in the BL and FU phases, and few SMs reported AEs in both phases suggesting AEs were transitory. AE reporting for SRNSs was much lower than previously found for dietary supplements, possibly because of greater government regulatory control over SRNSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2277246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10653656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72014643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of single or combined caffeine and L-Theanine supplementation on shooting and cognitive performance in elite curling athletes: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Umut Yilmaz,&nbsp;Yusuf Buzdagli,&nbsp;Muhammed Lütfü Polat,&nbsp;Yusuf Bakir,&nbsp;Burak Ozhanci,&nbsp;Sena Alkazan,&nbsp;Halil Ucar","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2267536","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2267536","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Previous studies have investigated the effect of single or combined caffeine (CAF) and L-theanine (THE) intake on attention performance. However, its effect on shooting performance and cognitive performance in a sport is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis \"Does single or combined CAF and THE supplementation have an effect on shooting and cognitive performance in elite curling athletes?.\" It is predicted that over the next decade, studies based on nutritional ergogenic supplements in the developing sport of curling will continue to increase, leading to a significant increase in studies examining the effects of CAF and THE supplementation, alone or in combination, on throwing and cognitive performance in elite curling athletes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this double-blind, randomized controlled crossover study, twenty-two elite national curling athletes (age 20.20 ± 1.61 and sports age 6.20 ± 0.51 years, height 174.10 ± 7.21 cm, BMI 21.80 ± 3.47 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) were randomly assigned to CAF (6 mg/kg single dose CAF), THE (6 mg/kg single dose THE), CAF*THE (6 mg/kg CAF and 6 mg/kg THE combined) and PLA (400 mg maltodextrin) groups at each of four sessions. 60 minutes after taking the supplement, the athletes were first given the Stroop test and then asked to shoot.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our main findings have shown that the performance of athletes in guard (F=&lt;sub&gt;3.452&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .842), draw (F=&lt;sub&gt;1.647&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .485), and take-out (F=&lt;sub&gt;3.121&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .743) shot styles significantly improved when comparing the combined intake of CAF and THE to the PLA. Regarding cognitive performance evaluation through the Stroop test, during the NR task (F=&lt;sub&gt;4.743&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .653), the combined intake of CAF and THE significantly improved reaction times compared to the intake of single CAF, THE, or PLA. The best reaction times during the CR and ICR (respectively; F=&lt;sub&gt;2.742&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .004, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .328; F = 1.632, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .625) tasks were achieved with the combined CAF and THE intake, showing a significant improvement compared to PLA. During the NER (F=&lt;sub&gt;2.961&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .741), task, the combined intake of CAF and THE significantly improved error rates compared to the intake of CAF, THE, or PLA single. The best accuracy rates during the CER and ICER (respectively; F=&lt;sub&gt;4.127&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .396; F=&lt;sub&gt;3.899&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = .710) tasks were achieved with the combined CAF and THE intake, leading to a significant reduction in error rates compared to PLA. Based on these findings, it has been demonstrated in this study that the best sh","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2267536"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/01/RSSN_20_2267536.PMC10566444.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41182964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-dose pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects of a cannabidiol (CBD)- and cannabigerol (CBG)-based beverage powder to support recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).","authors":"Erica N Peters, Helena Yardley, Amy Harrison, Graham M L Eglit, Jose Antonio, Cynthia Turcotte, Marcel O Bonn-Miller","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2280113","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2280113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabinoid-containing products are marketed to athletes as promoting recovery, in spite of a lack of data on their safety and effects. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-dose pilot study tested the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects on recovery of a formulation containing cannabidiol (CBD; 35 mg), cannabigerol (CBG; 50 mg), beta caryophyllene (BCP; 25 mg), branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; 3.8 g), and magnesium citrate (420 mg).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exercise-trained individuals (<i>N</i> = 40) underwent an experimental induction of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and completed follow-up visits 24-, 48-, and 72-hours post-DOMS. Participants were randomized to active or placebo formulation, and consumed the formulation twice per day for 3.5 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was one adverse event (AE) in the active group (diarrhea) and two AEs in placebo (dry mouth; eye rash/swollen eye). There was 100% self-reported compliance with formulation consumption across the two groups. For the primary outcome of interest, the estimate of effect for ratings of average soreness/discomfort 72 hours post-DOMS between active and placebo groups was -1.33 (85% confidence interval = -2.55, -0.10), suggesting moderate evidence of a treatment difference. The estimate of effect for the outcome of ratings of interference of soreness, discomfort, or stiffness on daily activities at work or home 48 hours post-DOMS was -1.82 (95% confidence interval = -3.64, -0.01), indicating a treatment difference of potential clinical importance. There was no significant effect between active and placebo groups on objective measures of recovery, sleep quality, or mood disturbance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tested formulation reduced interference of DOMS on daily activities, demonstrating its improvement on a functional aspect of recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2280113"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10653658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72014642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different perspectives on women's health, nutrition and endurance exercise.","authors":"Nisha Charkoudian, Jason K W Lee, Gabrielle E W Giersch, Loretta DiPietro, Nina Stachenfeld","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2286286","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2286286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2286286"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11018311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138451767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skinfolds compressibility and digital caliper's time response in skinfold measurement in male and female young adults.","authors":"Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal,&nbsp;Ana Catarina-Moreira,&nbsp;Francisco Esparza-Ros,&nbsp;Carlos Barrigas,&nbsp;Mario Albaladejo-Saura,&nbsp;Filomena Vieira","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2265888","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2265888","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The skinfold caliper reading of the skinfold thickness depends on its dynamic compressibility. This has led to the fact that, while it is indicated that skinfold readings should be taken when the reading is stable, there is no consensus on at what second the reading should be taken after the application of the skinfold caliper. The new Lipowise PRO digital skinfold caliper was used to analyze the evolution of skinfold readings under skinfold caliper pressure. The aim of the present investigation were: a) to analyze the evolution of the reading time of individual skinfolds when subjected to skinfold caliper pressure and when the skinfold reading reaches stability; b) to describe the physical behavior of skinfold tissues' time response to skinfold caliper pressure, and to explore differences between sites and subjects' skinfolds compressibility; and c) to analyze the sex differences in both the reading and the evolution of the skinfold over time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A descriptive cross-sectional design was followed with a convenience sample of 165 healthy young adults (79 males and 86 females), with eight skinfolds measured using the Lipowise PRO skinfold caliper. The Lipowise PRO skinfold caliper uses a programmable reading time allowing for the measurement of the skinfold's thickness at a rate of 100 times per second, and monitoring skinfold behavior over the 3-second measurement period, thereby enabling the assessment of the tissue response to the constant force exerted by the skinfold caliper jaws.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;All skinfolds showed statistical differences in terms of compressibility characteristics (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Significant differences were found between measurement time points for individual skinfolds and sum of skinfolds (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001-0.025). Stabilization being found depending on the skinfold measured from 1.5 seconds for biceps, subscapular, iliac crest, supraspinale, abdominal, and thigh skinfolds; 2.0 seconds for ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds; and 2.5 seconds for triceps and calf skinfolds. It was observed an effect of sex on this issue (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001-0.030). More specifically, in the case of males, the supraspinale and abdominal skinfolds stabilized after 1.5 seconds; the calf skinfold and ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds stabilized after 2 seconds; while the rest of the skinfolds did not stabilize until 3 seconds. In the case of females, no stabilization of the triceps skinfold was found, while the rest of the individual skinfolds and the ∑6 and ∑8 skinfolds stabilized from 1.5 seconds. A regression analysis indicated that skinfold thickness could be predicted based on measurement time in 50-77% of the cases (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;A skinfold caliper application, using the digital caliper Lipowise PRO, of three seconds may be sufficient for achieving stability in the measurement and for obtaining the minimum value for most individual and sum of skinfolds","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2265888"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10557569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41134198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of a home-use metabolic device (Lumen) in response to a short-term low and high carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers.","authors":"Justin Roberts, Dirk Dugdale-Duwell, Joseph Lillis, Jorge Marques Pinto, Ash Willmott, Shlomo Yeshurun, Merav Mor, Tjeu Souren","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2185537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2023.2185537","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on stoichiometric assumptions, and real-time assessment of expired carbon dioxide (%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and flow rate, the Lumen device provides potential for consumers/athletes to monitor metabolic responses to dietary programs outside of laboratory conditions. However, there is a paucity of research exploring device efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate Lumen device response to: i) a high-carbohydrate meal under laboratory conditions, and ii) a short-term low- or high-carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Following institutional ethical approval, 12 healthy volunteers (age: 36 ± 4 yrs; body mass: 72.1 ± 3.6 kg; height: 1.71 ± 0.02 m) performed Lumen breath and Douglas bag expired air measures under fasted laboratory conditions and at 30 and 60 min after a high-carbohydrate (2 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) meal, along with capilliarized blood glucose assessment. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, with ordinary least squares regression used to assess the model between Lumen expired carbon dioxide percentage (L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). In a separate phase, 27 recreationally active adults (age: 42 ± 2 yrs; body mass: 71.9 ± 1.9 kg; height: 1.72 ± 0.02 m) completed a 7-day low- (~20% of energy intake [EI]; LOW) or high-carbohydrate diet (~60% of EI; HIGH) in a randomized, cross-over design under free-living conditions. L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and derived Lumen Index (L&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt;) were recorded daily across morning (fasted and post-breakfast) and evening (pre/post meal, pre-bed) periods. Repeated measures ANOVA were employed for main analyses, with Bonferroni post-hoc assessment applied (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Following the carbohydrate test-meal, L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; increased from 4.49 ± 0.05% to 4.80 ± 0.06% by 30 min, remaining elevated at 4.76 ± 0.06% by 60 min post-feeding (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001, η&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.74). Similarly, RER increased by 18.1% from 0.77 ± 0.03 to 0.91 ± 0.02 by 30 min post-meal (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002). When considering peak data, regression analysis demonstrated a significant model effect between RER and L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (F = 5.62, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03, R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.20). Following main dietary interventions, no significant interactions (diet × day) were found. However, main diet effects were evident across all time-points assessed, highlighting significant differences for both L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt; between LOW and HIGH conditions (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.003). For L%CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, this was particularly noted under fasted (4.35 ± 0.07 vs. 4.46 ± 0.06%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), pre-evening meal (4.35 ± 0.07 vs. 4.50 ± 0.06%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), and pre-bed time-points (4.51 ± 0.08 vs. 4.61 ± 0.06%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings demonstrated that a portable, home-use metabolic device (Lumen) detected significantly increased expired %CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in response to a high-carbohy","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":"2185537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9987730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9111962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}