Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Caffeine supplementation improved movement patterns and reactive agility in rugby sevens matches in male collegiate players.","authors":"Chang-Li Hsueh, Cheng-Yen Sun, Chen-Kang Chang","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2441763","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2441763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Rugby sevens is a high-intensity contact sport often played in two-day tournaments. Caffeine is widely used by rugby players for its performance-enhancing effects. This study aimed to investigate the impact of caffeine supplementation on various performance metrics, including distance covered at different speeds, acceleration, deceleration, collisions, and repeated high-intensity efforts across four matches over two consecutive days in collegiate male rugby sevens players. Reactive agility, a key performance attribute in rugby sevens, was also assessed before each match.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A position-matched, double-blind, randomized crossover design was employed, with six male collegiate rugby players (mean height: 1.78 ± 0.09 m, mean weight: 81.3 ± 9.2 kg, mean age: 21.5 ± 0.8 years) participating in two trials. Each trial consisted of a two-day tournament, with two matches per day. Performance was monitored using global positioning system units to track distance covered in various speed zones, as well as total distance, frequency of acceleration, deceleration, collisions, and repeated high-intensity efforts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that in the placebo trial, participants covered significantly more distance at a walking pace (0-6 km/h) in match 4 compared to match 3 (match 3: 480.3 ± 32.7 m; match 4: 629.4 ± 21.3 m, <i>p</i> < 0.001, d = 0.117). In the caffeine trial, players covered significantly more distance at a jogging pace (6-12 km/h) in match 4 compared to the placebo trial (caffeine: 405.9 ± 9.8 m; placebo: 303.6 ± 20.2 m, <i>p</i> = 0.015, d = 1.693). Reactive agility was significantly better in the caffeine trial before match 3 (caffeine trial: 1.80 ± 0.17 s; placebo trial: 2.07 ± 0.18 s, <i>p</i> = 0.038, d = 0.858).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Caffeine supplementation at 3 mg/kg may increase jogging and reduce walking and standing in the final match of a two-day rugby sevens tournament, while also improving reactive agility on the second day. This suggests that by mitigating fatigue in the later stages of the tournament, caffeine allowed players to shift from low-intensity activities to higher-intensity efforts. These adjustments may improve both offensive and defensive performance during rugby sevens matches. Therefore, rugby sevens players could benefit from taking caffeine supplements in the later stages of 2-day tournaments to optimize their performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2441763"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between salivary /microbiological parameters, oral health and eating habits in young athletes.","authors":"Domenico Tripodi, Alessia Cosi, Rosita Valloreo, Domenico Fulco, Marco Tieri, Lavinia Alberi Auber, Simonetta D'Ercole","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2443018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2443018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Athletes' oral health can impact overall well-being and sports performance. This study aimed to evaluate the interactions between eating habits and oral health of 120 young athletes as compared to 30 age-matched individuals not practicing sports based on a questionnaire and the analysis of saliva.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred twenty subjects practicing various sports activities (test group) and 30 subjects not practicing sports (control group) were selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain personal data, hours and frequency of weekly training, complete pathological history, history of hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity, family history, and oral hygiene practices. The eating habits of the young participants were analyzed by investigating the number of daily meals; use and frequency in sports practice of supplements/energy drinks, fruit/juices, snacks, chocolate; daily diet; and differences between usual diet and pre-competition diet. At baseline (T0), each participant was clinically assessed for the determination of the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), Silness & Löe Plaque Index (PI), and the Löe & Silness Gingival Index (GI) and qualitative analysis for the presence/absence of stains and dental erosions. At T0, before (T1) and after training sessions (T2), saliva was collected to determine resting pH, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp counts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Test groups were trained more than 2 h, 5 times a week. Soccer players and skiers had a high percentage of caries; water polo players demonstrated the highest percentage of erosions and dental stains. Salivary resting pH showed statistically different values in three different observations between the groups. <i>S. mutans</i> was harbored by 60% of soccer and 70% of water polo players, while <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp in 43.33% of the swimmers and soccer players. Combining all the 56 variables including the clinical examination, self-reported parameters, and salivary analysis, we have identified water polo players as a distinct at-risk group for developing dental defects, expressed as an aggregate disease score. In particular, we have found that energy snacks/chocolate intake is strongly associated with ratio of <i>S. mutans</i>/<i>Lactobacillus</i> spp and that <i>S. mutans</i> is linked to dental defects (<i>R</i> = 0.88). Linear regression analysis indicates that energy snacks/chocolate intake in the study population represents a strong driver for oral dysbiosis and dental disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study clearly shows that athletes should follow a balanced diet that not only satisfies their nutritional needs but also avoids oral dysbiosis and subsequent dental damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2443018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International society of sports nutrition position stand: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).","authors":"John A Rathmacher, Lisa M Pitchford, Jeffrey R Stout, Jeremy R Townsend, Ralf Jäger, Richard B Kreider, Bill I Campbell, Chad M Kerksick, Patrick S Harty, Darren G Candow, Brandon M Roberts, Shawn M Arent, Douglas S Kalman, Jose Antonio","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2434734","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2434734","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) bases the following position stand on an analysis of the literature regarding the effects of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB). The following 12 points have been approved by the Research Committee of the Society: 1. HMB is a metabolite of the amino acid leucine that is naturally produced in both humans and other animals. Two forms of HMB have been studied: Calcium HMB (HMB-Ca) and a free acid form of HMB (HMB-FA). HMB-FA appears to lead to increased appearance of HMB in the bloodstream when compared to HMB-Ca, though recent results are mixed. 2. The available safety/toxicity data suggest that chronic HMB-Ca and HMB-FA consumption are safe for oral HMB supplementation in humans up to at least one year. 3. There are no negative effects of HMB-Ca and HMB-FA on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in humans. There may be improvements in glucose metabolism in younger adults. 4. The primary mode of action of HMB appears to be through its dual mechanism to enhance muscle protein synthesis and suppress muscle protein breakdown. HMB's activation of mTORC1 is independent of the leucine-sensing pathway (Sestrin2-GATOR2 complex). 5. HMB may help reduce muscle damage and promote muscle recovery, which can promote muscle growth/repair. HMB may also have anti-inflammatory effects, which could contribute to reducing muscle damage and soreness. 6. HMB consumption in close proximity to an exercise bout may be beneficial to increase muscle protein synthesis and attenuate the inflammatory response. HMB can provide a beneficial physiological effect when consumed both acutely and chronically in humans. 7. Daily HMB supplementation (38 mg/kg body weight) in combination with exercise training may improve body composition through increasing lean mass and/or decreasing fat mass with benefits in participants across age, sex, and training status. The most pronounced of these improvements in body composition with HMB have been observed in studies with robust resistance training programs and dietary control. 8. HMB may improve strength and power in untrained individuals, but its performance benefits in trained athletes are mixed and increase with an increase in study duration (&gt;6 weeks). HMB's beneficial effects on athletic performance are thought to be driven by improved recovery. 9. HMB supplementation appears to potentially have a positive impact on aerobic performance, especially in trained athletes. The mechanisms of the effects are unknown. 10. HMB supplementation may be important in a non-exercising sedentary and aging population to improve muscle strength, functionality, and muscle quality. The effects of HMB supplementation with exercise are varied, but the combination may have a beneficial effect on the treatment of age-associated sarcopenia under select conditions. 11. HMB may be effective in countering muscle disuse atrophy during periods of inactivity due to illness or injury. The ","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2434734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in taste and odor sensitivities during repeated bicycle ergometer exercises.","authors":"Masataka Narukawa, Kensuke Nojiri, Rina Matsuda, Momo Murata, Seiji Sakate, Sachiko Kuga, Hidetoshi Ue","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2441769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2441769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective nutritional support is essential for maintaining good performance during exercise. Taste and olfaction are key senses for food intake, and understanding how their sensitivities change during exercise is important for effective nutritional support. However, the effects of exercise on taste and odor sensitivities remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate changes in taste and odor sensitivities during repeated endurance exercise using a bicycle ergometer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 women (mean age; 21.6 ± 0.2 years) participated in the study, completing four 60-minute segments, each comprising 50 minutes of bicycle ergometer exercise at an exercise intensity of 60% heart rate reserve and a 10-minute sensory test. The sensory tests were conducted five times in total: after each exercise segment and once before exercise as a control. Four concentrations (×0.5, ×0.75, ×1, and × 1.25) of a commercially available isotonic beverage were used as taste samples, and the subjects evaluated the taste intensity, preference, and odor intensity. Four types of food odorants were used as odor samples, and the subjects rated their preference. The subjects also reported their perceived fatigue levels during the taste and odor tests. Fatigue levels and taste intensity were rated using a 100-mm visual analogue scale, and taste and odor preferences and odor intensity were evaluated using a scoring method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The degree of physical fatigue significantly increased with each successive bicycle exercise segment. The taste intensity and preference for beverages with higher concentrations increased as the number of exercise segments increased, showing a significant increase in taste intensity for the × 1.25 solution in the final segment compared with before the tests. On the other hand, no significant effect was observed on the perceived odor intensity of the isotonic beverages. Similarly, there was no significant effect on the preference for odor samples due to repeated exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that taste sensitivity may change with prolonged exercise. Additionally, since odor intensity and preference were not significantly affected by repeated exercise, odor sensitivity may be less impacted by exercise than taste sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2441769"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dose-response effects of flurbiprofen, indomethacin, ibuprofen, and naproxen on primary skeletal muscle cells.","authors":"Brandon M Roberts, Alyssa V Geddis, Ronald W Matheny","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2302046","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2302046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen sodium, and indomethacin are commonly employed for their pain-relieving and inflammation-reducing qualities. NSAIDs work by blocking COX-1 and/or COX-2, enzymes which play roles in inflammation, fever, and pain. The main difference among NSAIDs lies in their affinity to these enzymes, which in turn, influences prostaglandin secretion, and skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. The current study investigated the effects of NSAIDs on human skeletal muscle cells, focusing on myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and muscle protein synthesis signaling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using human primary muscle cells, we examined the dose-response impact of flurbiprofen (25-200 µM), indomethacin (25-200 µM), ibuprofen (25-200 µM), and naproxen sodium (25-200 µM), on myoblast viability, myotube area, fusion, and prostaglandin production.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that supraphysiological concentrations of indomethacin inhibited myoblast proliferation (-74 ± 2% with 200 µM; -53 ± 3% with 100 µM; both <i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to control cells and impaired protein synthesis signaling pathways in myotubes, but only attenuated myotube fusion at the highest concentrations (-18 ± 2% with 200 µM, <i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to control myotubes. On the other hand, ibuprofen had no such effects. Naproxen sodium only increased cell proliferation at low concentrations (+36 ± 2% with 25 µM, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and flurbiprofen exhibited divergent impacts depending on the concentration whereby low concentrations improved cell proliferation (+17 ± 1% with 25 µM, <i>p</i> < 0.05) but high concentrations inhibited cell proliferation (-32 ± 1% with 200 µM, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that indomethacin, at high concentrations, may detrimentally affect myoblast proliferation and differentiation via an AKT-dependent mechanism, and thus provide new understanding of NSAIDs' effects on skeletal muscle cell development.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2302046"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10783825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of spinach thylakoid extract-induced 12-week high-intensity functional training on specific adipokines in obese males.","authors":"Ayoub Saeidi, Pezhman Motamedi, Maha Hoteit, Zahra Sadek, Wiam Ramadan, Marjan Mansouri Dara, Abdullah Almaqhawi, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, Hossein Abednatanzi, Kurt A Escobar, Zhaleh Pashaei, Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi, Ismail Laher, Hassane Zouhal","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2398467","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2398467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity presents multifarious etiopathologies with its management being a global challenge. This article presents the first ever report on the impact of spinach thylakoid extract-induced high-intensity functional training (HIFT) on obesity management via regulating the levels of novel adipokine, C1q/TNF-related Protein-12 (CTRP-12), furin, and Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF-15).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight obese male subjects were randomly divided into four groups: control group (CG), supplement group (SG), training group (TG), and the combined training and supplement group (TSG). After initial assessments of all groups, the training group commenced a twelve-week HIFT using the CrossFit program (comprising of three training sessions per week, each lasting 30 min). Eligible candidates were randomly assigned to either receive thylakoid-rich spinach extract (5 g per day) or a matching placebo (5 g per day of corn starch, 30 min before lunch) for a total duration of 12 weeks. All required data and investigations were collected at 48 h pre- and post-training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated a substantial correlation between exercise and the time of KLF-15, furin, and CTRP-12 demonstrating effect sizes of 0.3, 0.7, and 0.6, respectively. Additionally, the training and supplementation group (TSG) exhibited a substantial decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Concurrently, there was a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Furthermore, a notable difference between the groups emerged in HDL, LDL, TC, and TG levels, supported by effect sizes of 0.73, 0.86, 0.96, and 0.89, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study offered novel insights into the management of obesity using supplements induced by spinach-derived thylakoid extract during a 12-week HIFT program. The proposed combination intervention may reverse obesity-induced insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunctions by positive regulation of CTRP-12/adipolin and KLF15 and simultaneous suppression of furin levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2398467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11421126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does green tea catechin enhance weight-loss effect of exercise training in overweight and obese individuals? a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.","authors":"Farhad Gholami, Jose Antonio, Mohadeseh Iranpour, Jason Curtis, Flavia Pereira","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2411029","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2411029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Green tea (GT) is a common component of supplements known as fat burners. It has gained popularity as an ergogenic aid for weight reduction to assist with obesity management. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the effect of green tea ingestion coupled with exercise training (EX) on body composition and lipid profile in overweight and obese individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two independent researchers systematically searched the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Studies with a randomized-controlled design to compare the effect of green tea in conjunction with exercise training (EX+GT) versus exercise training alone (EX+P) in overweight or obese participants were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,015 retrieved studies, 24 were identified to undergo full-text review, out of which 10 randomized trials met the inclusion criteria. EX+GT versus EX+P had a small and consistent effect on weight [Standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.30, CI: -0.53 to -0.07], BMI [SMD = -0.33 CI: -0.64 to -0.02] and fat reduction [SMD = -0.29, CI: -0.57 to -0.01] and there was no evidence of heterogeneity across the trials. When compared to EX+P, EX+GT had no greater effect on lipid profile improvement [triglyceride: SMD = -0.92, CI: -1.30 to 0.49; LDL: SMD = -1.44, CI: -0.73 to 0.82; HDL: SMD = 0.56, CI -0.71 to 0.46; and total cholesterol SMD = -0.54, CI -0.85 to 0.13].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence suggests that green tea could have quite minimal additive benefit over exercise-induced weight loss. However, incorporation of green tea into exercise training does not seem to exert additional benefits on lipid profile and it warrants further investigations in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2411029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifatigue effect of okara protein hydrolysate supplementation during cycling exercise in men: a pre-post uncontrolled pilot study.","authors":"Yu-Jou Chien, Jung-Piao Tsao, Chun-Tse Tsai, I-Shiung Cheng, Chin-Lin Hsu","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2416479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2416479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged exercise usually leads to exercise fatigue, which has a negative short-term impact on exercise performance and metabolic rate; thus, fatigue needs to be resolved. Okara is a protein-rich residue of soy processing. Enzyme hydrolysis is known to increase the content of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which have been reported to confer benefits for exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antifatigue effect of okara protein hydrolysate (OPH) on cycling exercise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 16 male participants who habitually exercised (2 times or more per week and without participation in athletic contests) were instructed to receive 11.74 g of OPH once a day. They then completed two intense cycling exercise challenges before and after four weeks of supplementation. Exercise time and blood markers related to fatigue and energy metabolism were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the time to exhaustion significantly increased after the treatment. The levels of lactate during exercise and at the end of exercise were significantly lower after treatment than before. Additionally, postexercise insulin sensitivity was increased after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that OPH supplementation can promote endurance in exercise by decreasing the accumulation of fatigue-related metabolites during exercise and can promote energy recovery by increasing insulin function. These findings suggest that OPH has an antifatigue property.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2416479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?","authors":"Jose Antonio, Daniel E Newmire, Jeffrey R Stout, Brandi Antonio, Maureen Gibbons, Lonnie M Lowery, Joseph Harper, Darryn Willoughby, Cassandra Evans, Dawn Anderson, Erica Goldstein, Jose Rojas, Matías Monsalves-Álvarez, Scott C Forbes, Jose Gomez Lopez, Tim Ziegenfuss, Blake D Moulding, Darren Candow, Michael Sagner, Shawn M Arent","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2323919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2323919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caffeine is a popular ergogenic aid that has a plethora of evidence highlighting its positive effects. A Google Scholar search using the keywords \"caffeine\" and \"exercise\" yields over 200,000 results, emphasizing the extensive research on this topic. However, despite the vast amount of available data, it is intriguing that uncertainties persist regarding the effectiveness and safety of caffeine. These include but are not limited to: 1. Does caffeine dehydrate you at rest? 2. Does caffeine dehydrate you during exercise? 3. Does caffeine promote the loss of body fat? 4. Does habitual caffeine consumption influence the performance response to acute caffeine supplementation? 5. Does caffeine affect upper vs. lower body performance/strength differently? 6. Is there a relationship between caffeine and depression? 7. Can too much caffeine kill you? 8. Are there sex differences regarding caffeine's effects? 9. Does caffeine work for everyone? 10. Does caffeine cause heart problems? 11. Does caffeine promote the loss of bone mineral? 12. Should pregnant women avoid caffeine? 13. Is caffeine addictive? 14. Does waiting 1.5-2.0 hours after waking to consume caffeine help you avoid the afternoon \"crash?\" To answer these questions, we performed an evidence-based scientific evaluation of the literature regarding caffeine supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2323919"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10930107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140094266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle contraction time after caffeine intake is faster after 30 minutes than after 60 minutes.","authors":"Paweł Pakosz, Mariusz Konieczny, Przemysław Domaszewski, Tomasz Dybek, Oscar García-García, Mariusz Gnoiński, Elżbieta Skorupska","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2306295","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2306295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to determine the optimal time point, either 30 or 60 minutes, at which muscle reactivity to caffeine administration is highest. Unlike previous studies that focused on the nervous system response, we employed tensiomyography (TMG) to directly assess the effects of caffeine on muscle fibers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TMG measurements were performed on the gastrocnemius medialis muscle of 42 male athletes who regularly consumed caffeine. Participants received a dose of 6 mg/kg body weight and TMG measurements were taken prior to caffeine intake, as well as 30 and 60 minutes afterward.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of TMG parameters including time to contraction (Tc), time delay (Td), and maximal displacement (Dm) revealed that muscles exhibited faster contractions and greater stiffness at the 30-minute mark compared to both pre-caffeine intake and the 60-minute time point. Time exerted a significant main effect on Tc (F(2, 246) = 12.09, <i>p</i> < .001, ή2p = 0.09), Td (F(2, 246) = 3.39, <i>p</i> = .035, ή2p = 0.03), and Dm (F(2, 246) = 6.83, <i>p</i> = .001, ή2p = 0.05), while no significant effect of body side was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that muscle contraction time (Tc) and delay time (Td) are influenced by the time elapsed since caffeine ingestion, with the fastest responses occurring after 30 minutes. Additionally, a systemic effect of caffeine was observed, as there were no discernible differences in measurements between the two sides of the body. TMG proves to be an effective noninvasive method for assessing muscle responses following caffeine administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2306295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}