Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Evolution of research trends and emerging hotspots in bioelectrical impedance analysis over the last two decades: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Chaofeng Niu, Peiyu Zhang, Chao Zhang, Juwei Dong, Hao Liang, Di Xiao, Birong Liu, Lan Wei, Haixia Lai, Jiaqi Ye, Liyong Ma, Lijing Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2523381","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2523381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Over the last two decades, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has gained popularity as a method for assessing body compartments in nutrition studies, sports medicine, and evaluating hydration levels, fat mass, and fat-free mass variations in both healthy and diseased individuals. This study aims to offer researchers an overview of the research trends in BIA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using a package of R software (Bibliometrix 4.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9471 articles have been published over the past 20 years, with an average annual growth rate of 10.1%. The research field primarily focuses on nutrition and dietetics, followed urology and nephrology, endocrinology and metabolism, general and internal medicine, engineering, geriatrics and gerontology, sport sciences, cardiovascular system and cardiology, physiology and science and technology-other topics. The research hotspots of BIA over the past 20 years have transitioned from \"water\" to \"fat,\" and subsequently to \"sarcopenia.\" \"Sarcopenia\" and \"phase angle\" (PhA) have emerged as recent research hotspots in the field of BIA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A total of 9471 articles have been published over the past 20 years, with an average annual growth rate of 10.1%. Nutrition and dietetics have consistently been the primary research areas in the field of BIA. \"Sarcopenia\" and \"PhA\" have emerged as recent research hotspots in the field of BIA. The application of BIA in clinical practice still holds significant untapped potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2523381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of nutritional intake status in college baseball players.","authors":"Yoko Iio, Hana Kozai, Mamoru Tanaka, Yukihiro Mori, Manato Seguchi, Yuka Aoyama, Morihiro Ito","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2459090","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2459090","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Diet is closely related to exercise performance. To improve athletes' performance and manage their condition, it is important to get sufficient energy and various nutrients. Thus, it is necessary that athletes understand their nutritional intake status to improve performance and maintain health. This study aimed to explore the nutritional intake status of college baseball players using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Furthermore, the characteristics of their nutritional intake status with respect to athletic performance were evaluated. The result of this studyprovide an opportunity for many under-developed college athletes with irregular lifestyles to recognize and improve their nutritional problems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In October 2022, a questionnaire survey of 116 male members of a college baseball club was conducted. Of whom, 100 (94.3%) members responded to the survey and 92 (92.0%) provided valid responses. The survey items included basic characteristics such as college grade and type of living arrangement, and information on living conditions, e.g. whether the participant ate breakfast. Nutritional intake was evaluated using the FFQ. Players were divided into the first (regular players in official games), second (bench players in official games), third (players who may join the second or higher team in the future), and fourth teams (players who do not belong to the first to third teams); these categories were used as a marker of performance level. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the association between the performance levels of baseball players and the intake of each nutrient and food group obtained by the FFQ. For items that showed a significant association, inter-group comparison was performed using the Dunn-Bonferroni method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Carbohydrate intake was greater in the second team compared with the third and fourth teams; saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid intake was higher in the third team compared with the fourth team. Calcium, zinc, copper, manganese, insoluble dietary fiber, iodine, and molybdenum intake was higher in the second team compared with the fourth team. Intake of grains, sugar, dairy, and total energy was significantly higher in the second team compared with the fourth team. However, the protein intake ratio was significantly lower in the second team compared with the fourth team. Overall, energy deficiency and associated deficiencies in protein, fat, and carbohydrate were observed, in addition to dietary fiber and calcium deficiencies. The intake of several food groups appeared inadequate, such as potatoes, beans, vegetables, fruits, eggs, milk, and fats.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The study showed deficiencies in the amount of energy and nutrients such as protein, fat, and carbohydrate in college baseball players. Differences in the intake of carbohydrate, calcium, and insoluble dietary fiber among different perform","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2459090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine in women's health: bridging the gap from menstruation through pregnancy to menopause.","authors":"Abbie E Smith-Ryan, Gabrielle M DelBiondo, Ann F Brown, Susan M Kleiner, Nhi T Tran, Stacey J Ellery","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2502094","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2502094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Creatine supplementation in women has gained attention for its potential benefits beyond muscle growth, including reproductive health, cognitive health and aging. Women exhibit distinct physiological differences from men, influenced by hormonal fluctuations during pre-menopause, pregnancy, and menopause, and these factors should be considered for their influence on creatine metabolism.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to provide a historical evaluation of creatine supplementation in women, its potential applications across female-specific life stages, recent research highlights, and targets for future research. The review also considers the impact of hormonal changes on creatine metabolism and effectiveness as a dietary supplementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a narrative overview of historical and recent research evaluating the effects of creatine in women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early studies demonstrated the benefits of creatine on exercise performance in women, though they often overlooked menstrual cycle variability. Recent research has begun to account for these hormonal fluctuations, enhancing the understanding of creatine's applications. Creatine supplementation has shown positive effects on muscle strength, exercise performance, and body composition, particularly when combined with resistance training. Additionally, creatine may improve mood and cognitive function, potentially alleviating symptoms of depression. Emerging evidence suggests creatine's benefits during pregnancy and post-menopause, though data on perimenopausal women remains limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Creatine supplementation presents a promising strategy for enhancing various aspects of women's health across the lifespan. Future research should focus on optimizing dosing strategies, understanding long-term health implications, and exploring creatine's effects during pregnancy and perimenopause.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2502094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12086928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beta-alanine supplementation improves time to exhaustion, but not aerobic capacity, in competitive middle- and long-distance runners.","authors":"David Marko, Ronald L Snarr, Petr Bahenský, Václav Bunc, Miroslav Krajcigr, Tomáš Malý","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2521336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2521336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Beta-alanine (βA) is a non-essential amino acid purportedly used to enhance aerobic exercise performance. While previous research indicates the benefits of βA on time to exhaustion (TTE) and aerobic capacity (VO_2peak) in adults, evidence is lacking in adolescent athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 4 weeks of βA supplementation on aerobic performance in adolescent runners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven middle- and long-distance runners (aged 17.36 ± 2.17 years) were randomly divided into a βA or placebo (PL) group (maltodextrin). Subjects performed maximal graded exercise tests (GXT) and submaximal trials (SMT; 80% of VO_2peak for 1500 m) on a treadmill before and after 14 and 28 days of supplementation or PL. Respiratory (V_E) metabolic (VO₂, RER, lactate [La]), and cardiovascular (HR) variables were measured during the GXT and SMT, along with the first (VT1) and second ventilatory threshold (VT2) and TTE monitored during the GXT only. Within- and between-group differences were assessed using a repeated-measures mixed-model analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicated that despite a trivial increase in VO_2peak over 4 weeks, the βA group increased TTE by 6.5% compared to 1.4% in the PL group (<i>d</i> = 0.46). Additionally, small effects in HR_max, V_E, [La], and TTE were observed between groups favoring βA. Regarding the SMT, both average HR and RER decreased by 4% in the βA group, with no changes for the PL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite no evidence to suggest increases in VO_2peak, practitioners should note that improvements in TTE may be observed after 28 days of βA supplementation in adolescent runners.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2521336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12175181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of sports nutrition knowledge by a dual method education program in track and field athletes: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Ranil Jayawardena, Kalani Weerasinghe, Indu Nanayakkara, Terrence Madhujith, Andrew P Hills, Nishan Sudheera Kalupahana","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2519517","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2519517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Athletes with strong sports nutrition knowledge are believed to have sound nutritional practices and better performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a dual-method personalized nutrition education program in improving sports nutrition knowledge (SNK) among Sri Lankan track and field athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This parallel-group, randomized controlled trial recruited national-level track and field athletes aged 18 and above. The intervention group (IG) received personalized sports nutrition consultations at 0, 4^th, and 8^th weeks, along with online educational materials via WhatsApp from weeks 10 to 16, while the control group (CG) did not receive any intervention. A per-protocol analysis was followed, and t-tests were used to compare the means.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 30 participants enrolled, 13 from IG and 14 from CG completed the study. Following the 16-week intervention, the IG demonstrated significant improvements in total nutrition knowledge (TNK) relative to the CG (IG: 34.41 ± 4.15 vs. CG: 20.96 ± 4.38; <i>p</i> = 0.01), with significant increases in general nutrition knowledge (GNK) (IG:24.54 ± 3.66 vs. CG:15.64 ± 2.33; <i>p</i> = 0.004) and SNK (9.87 ± 3.87 vs. 5.32 ± 4.07; <i>p</i> = 0.006). Changes in TNK were also significantly greater in the IG compared to the CG; (IG:9.45 ± 0.10 vs. CG: -2.63 ± 0.37; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), GNK (IG:4.47 ± 0.08 vs. CG: -1.28 ± 0.09; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and SNK (IG:4.99 ± 0.72 vs. CG: -1.25 ± 0.74; <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 16-week dual-method nutrition education intervention was effective in improving TNK, GNK, and SNK among track and field athletes in Sri Lanka.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial is registered at the Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry (SLCTR/2024/013), Universal Trial Number (UTN): U1111-1304-8890 on 10 April 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2519517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12175182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different sports drink compositions on endurance performance and substrate oxidation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study in trained athletes.","authors":"Sascha Ketelhut, Martin Moehle, Laura Hottenrott","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2516004","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2516004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The consumption of sports drinks before, during, and after endurance exercise is a common practice among athletes. These drinks typically contain a variety of components, each of which has been shown to offer individual benefits. However, the combined effects of these components, as formulated in many sports drinks, have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the impact of typical sports drink components on endurance performance, perceived exertion, and carbohydrate and fat metabolism, using a sequential additive design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve healthy, trained endurance athletes aged 20 to 35 years participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The study involved a baseline assessment and four exercise protocols, each separated by a 7-day washout period. During each exercise protocol, participants cycled for 40 minutes at 80% of their previously determined peak oxygen uptake , followed by an incremental protocol performed to voluntary exhaustion. Participants were randomly assigned to ingest one of four 300 ml solutions 60 and 30 minutes before each exercise protocol: solution A (placebo mineral water), solution B (dextrose and sodium), solution C (solution B + beetroot extract), or solution D (solution C + arginine and L-citrulline). Ventilation and heart rate were continuously monitored before and throughout the exercise. Lactate and glucose levels were measured at specific time points before and during the exercise, while ratings of perceived exertion were recorded every 10 minutes. Power output was continuously tracked throughout the exercise protocol. Body weight was assessed both before and after each exercise session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences between the four solutions in terms of time to exhaustion (<i>p</i> = .703), power output (<i>p</i> = .822), peak oxygen uptake (<i>p</i> = 990), maximum lactate concentration (<i>p</i> = .720), and maximum heart rate (<i>p</i> = .884). During the exercise, no significant differences were observed in lactate and glucose concentrations, heart rate, or ventilatory parameters (ps > .050). However, significant differences (<i>p</i> < .001) in blood glucose concentrations were noted at rest and during the warm-up phase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effect of the tested sports drink compositions on performance during the selected exercise protocol to voluntary exhaustion appears minimal. This study found no significant differences between the solutions and the placebo. Thus, it can be concluded that consuming a dextrose-based solution before exercise did not offer any performance advantage over water. The additional substances included in solutions B, C, and D did not influence performance, carbohydrate metabolism, or fat metabolism during the exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2516004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sport supplementation in competitive swimmers: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Raúl Domínguez, Inmaculada López-León, Javier Moreno-Lara, Esteban Rico, Antonio J Sánchez-Oliver, Ángela Sánchez-Gómez, Javier Pecci","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2486988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2025.2486988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Competitive swimmers have a high prevalence of sports supplement (SS) consumption. However, only a few SS are scientifically proven to be safe, effective, and legal. Therefore, before incorporating supplements to enhance performance and health in competitive swimming, it is crucial to conduct an analysis and review to assess their effects. The objective of this study was to analyze the demonstrated effects of SS, as reported in published studies, on the swimming performance of competitive swimmers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across six databases for the selection of studies included in this review. Studies that analyzed the effects of sports supplementation compared to placebo were included and subjected to meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This revision included 23 studies, 16 of them (69.6%) qualified as excellent and 7 (30.4%) as good at the methodological level based on the punctuation in the PEDro scale. The systematic review included 422 swimmers (61.8% male, 38.2% female), with distances assessed ranging from 50 m to 800 m, including studies employing interval procedures. Creatine showed a significant effect (ES = -0.46; 95% CIs = -0.75 to -0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.002; I² = 11%) on swimming performance, while the rest of the analyzed supplements did not show significant effects (all <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Creatine supplementation demonstrated ergogenic benefits for competitive swimmers, although the evidence supporting the use of this supplement is still limited. Sodium bicarbonate and β-alanine may enhance performance in distances with higher glycolytic demands, while caffeine is effective at dosages of 3-6 mg/kg administered 60 min before exercise. Further research is needed to confirm the potential ergogenic effects of other supplements, such as beetroot juice.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2486988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different dietary supplements on athletic performance in soccer players: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Hua Luo, Tengku Fadilah Tengku Kamalden, Xiaolin Zhu, Changqing Xiang, Nurul Amelina Nasharuddin","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2467890","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2467890","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;As dietary supplements play a crucial role in meeting the unique nutritional needs of soccer players, a growing body of studies are exploring the effects of dietary supplements on athletic performance in soccer players. The effectiveness of certain supplements, such as caffeine and creatine, remains debated due to inconsistent results across studies. Therefore, this systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to tentatively identify the most effective dietary supplements for soccer players.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and SPORTDiscus from database establishment to 5 February 2024 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of different dietary supplements on athletic performance in soccer players. The risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using the R software and Stata 18.0. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the competitive level of the athletes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eighty RCTs were included, with 1,425 soccer players randomly receiving 31 different dietary supplements or placebo. The network meta-analysis showed that compared with placebo, carbohydrate + protein (SMD: 2.2, very large), carbohydrate + electrolyte (SMD: 1.3, large), bovine colostrum (SMD: moderate) and caffeine (SMD: 0.29, small) were associated with a significant effect on increasing the distance covered. &lt;i&gt;Kaempferia parviflora&lt;/i&gt; (SMD: 0.46, small) was associated with a significant effect on enhancing muscular strength. Beta-alanine (SMD: 0.83, moderate), melatonin (SMD: 0.75, moderate), caffeine (SMD: 0.37, small), and creatine (SMD: 0.33, small) were associated with a significant effect on enhancing jump height. Magnesium creatine chelate (SMD: -3.0, very large), melatonin (SMD: -1.9, large), creatine + sodium bicarbonate (SMD: -1.4, large), and arginine (SMD: -1.2, moderate) were associated with a significant effect on decreasing sprint time. Creatine + sodium bicarbonate (SMD: -2.3, very large) and caffeine (SMD: -0.38, small) were associated with a significant effect on improving agility. Sodium pyruvate (SMD: 0.50, small) was associated with a significant effect on increasing peak power. Magnesium creatine chelate (SMD: 1.3, large) and sodium pyruvate (SMD: 0.56, small) were associated with a significant effect on increasing mean power. Carbohydrate + electrolyte (SMD: -0.56, small) was associated with a significant effect on improving the rating of perceived exertion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study suggests that a range of dietary supplements, including caffeine, creatine, creatine + sodium bicarbonate, magnesium creatine chelate, carbohydrate + electrolyte, carbohydrate + protein, arginine, beta-alanine, bovine colostrum, &lt;i&gt;Kaempferia parviflora&lt;/i&gt;, melatonin, and sodium pyruvate, can improv","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2467890"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training load influences gut microbiome of highly trained rowing athletes.","authors":"B Charlesson, J Jones, C Abbiss, P Peeling, S Watts, C T Christophersen","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2507952","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2507952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the importance of the gut microbiome on physical performance and health, little is known on the impact of training on an athlete's gut health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the effect of training load on markers of gut health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole stool (24 h) samples were collected from 23 highly trained rowers (mean ± SD; age 19.2 ± 1.1 y; weight 80.1 ± 11.4 kg; height 1.83 ± 0.09 m) following periods of high (HT) and low training load (LT). The microbiome and short-chain fatty acid concentrations were characterized from the whole stool samples. Three-day weighted food records were used to determine diet quality (ADIcore), macronutrient, and fiber intakes during HT and LT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By design, training duration (147%) and intensity (130%) were greater during (HT), compared with (LT) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Carbohydrate, fat, protein, and fiber intake remained stable, but ADIcore was higher in HT (55 ± 10) compared with LT (49 ± 9; t(15) = 2.78, <i>p =</i> 0.014; CI: 1.34 to 10.155). Stool frequency (1.11 ± 0.47 vs 0.67 ± 0.76; <i>p =</i> 0.007) was lower in HT compared with LT, and a greater number of participants were unable to produce a stool sample during LT (8% vs 47%). Short chain fatty acid (SCFA), propionic (120.64 ± 30.06 mm vs 91.35 ± 34.91 mm; <i>p =</i> 0.007), and butyric acid (104.76 ± 50.02 vs 64.23 ± 22.05 mm, <i>p =</i> 0.003) concentrations were lower in HT compared with LT. Alpha diversity, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (3.43 ± 0.37 vs 3.67 ± 0.34, <i>p =</i> 0.09) was lower in HT than LT. The abundance of the dominant <i>Bacteroidia</i> was greater at HT compared to LT and ratio of firmicutes to <i>Bacteroidota</i> (<i>n</i> = 16, 1.31 ± 1.19 vs 4.29 ± 3.88, t(15) = -3.44, <i>p =</i> 0.04, CI = -4.82 to -1.13) was lower in HT compared to LT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of this study indicate that gut microbiome, SCFA concentrations, stool frequency, and diet quality vary between periods of high and low training load in athletes. The relationship between these factors and impact of such changes in gut health is currently unclear and warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2507952"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effects of isolated and combined dietary nitrate and caffeine ingestion on ergometer-based 1000 m time trial performance in highly trained kayakers.","authors":"Johannes Pollex, Martin Behrens, Thomas Mittlmeier, Sven Bruhn, Matthias Weippert","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2459095","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15502783.2025.2459095","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Dietary nitrate (BR) and caffeine (CAF) ingestion have been shown to increase sports performance. However, the isolated and combined effects of BR and CAF ingestion on time trial (TT) performance as well as the accompanying physiological and perceptual responses have never been investigated in highly trained kayak athletes. Therefore, the present study examined the impact of an isolated and combined supplementation with BR (140 ml beetroot concentrate, ~12.5 mmol nitrate) and CAF (3 mg/kg bodyweight) on 1000 m ergometer TT performance as well as the accompanying physiological (i.e. cardiorespiratory function, muscle oxygenation, muscle activity) and perceptual responses (i.e. fatigue, effort, and exercise-induced pain perception) in male highly trained kayakers. It was hypothesized that the isolated ingestion of BR and CAF would both improve ergometer-based 1000 m TT performance and induce supplement-specific physiological and perceptual responses. Considering the primary effects of BR on muscle function and of CAF on the central nervous system, it was further assumed that the combined ingestion will result in an additional performance increase and supplement-specific physiological and perceptual responses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover design, 12 male highly trained kayak athletes from local clubs were investigated. They completed four measurement sessions resulting in four randomized conditions: (i) BR+CAF; (ii) BR+CAF placebo (BR+PLA); (iii) CAF+BR placebo (CAF+PLA); and (iv) BR placebo + CAF placebo (PLA+PLA). An air-braked instrumented kayak-ergometer was used to record 1000 m TT performance, power output, and stroke frequency. Heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), maximum VO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (VO&lt;sub&gt;2max&lt;/sub&gt;), respiratory equivalent of O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (VE/VO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), and carbon dioxide (VE/VCO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) were measured continuously. Furthermore, oxygenation of the deltoid muscle was measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (mNIRS) and muscle activity of nine unilateral muscles with surface electromyography (i.e. deltoideus, serratus anterior, triceps brachii caput lateralis, trapezius, infraspinatus, latissimus dorsi, obliquus externus, flexor carpi radialis, and vastus lateralis muscle) during the 1000 m TT. After the TT, fatigue, effort, and exercise-induced pain perception were queried. One- and two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures were conducted to determine differences between conditions for the entire 1000 m TT and predefined sections (0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-150 m, 150-250 m, 250-500 m, 500-750 m, 750-1000 m), respectively (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The supplements did not have an ergogenic effect on TT performance compared to the PLA+PLA condition, either in isolation or in combination. The same applied to the majority of physiological parameters and the perceptual responses. Neverthe","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2459095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}