Journal of Thyroid Research最新文献

{"title":"The Outcome of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Associated with Graves' Disease: A Case Control Study.","authors":"Riju Menon, C Gopalakrishnan Nair, Misha Babu, Pradeep Jacob, G Praveen Krishna","doi":"10.1155/2018/8253094","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2018/8253094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thyroidectomy is now a less popular therapeutic option for Graves' disease. The frequency of thyroid nodule and the cancer risk of these nodules accompanying Graves' disease are controversial. The outcome of thyroid cancers coexisting with Graves' disease is debated.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Designed as retrospective case control study of papillary thyroid cancers associated with Graves' disease and those with euthyroid background. Pathological characteristics and outcome of papillary thyroid cancers in the two groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tumour characteristics did not differ significantly in the groups. The patients were followed for a mean period of 77.32 months and found significant incidences of disease progression in patients with papillary thyroid cancer associated with Graves' disease (<i>p</i> = 0.034; OR 2.747, CI 1.078-7.004). Disease progression as new distant metastases mostly in skeletal locations was high in this group compared to euthyroid group (<i>p</i> = 0.027; OR 4.121, CI 1.008-15.600). There was higher incidence of cumulative metastatic diseases in papillary thyroid cancer associated with Graves' disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Papillary thyroid cancers associated with Graves' disease show aggressive biological behaviour and favoured site of distant metastases was osseous locations. Early diagnosis by routine screening of Graves' disease patients with ultrasound imaging and aspiration studies is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2018 ","pages":"8253094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5964588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36182570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Detecting Occult Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas in Benign Multinodular Goitres.","authors":"Dimitrios K Manatakis,&nbsp;Sophia Tseleni-Balafouta,&nbsp;Lazaros Tzelves,&nbsp;Dimitrios Balalis,&nbsp;Adelais Tzortzopoulou,&nbsp;Dimitrios P Korkolis,&nbsp;George H Sakorafas,&nbsp;Emmanouil Gontikakis,&nbsp;Georgios Plataniotis","doi":"10.1155/2018/3470429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3470429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in detecting occult papillary thyroid microcarcinomas in benign, multinodular goitres.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>397 total thyroidectomy patients were identified from the institutional thyroid surgery database between 2007 and 2016 (94 males, 303 females, mean age 53 ± 14.5 years). NLR and PLR were calculated as the absolute neutrophil and absolute platelet counts divided by the absolute lymphocyte count, respectively, based on the preoperative complete blood cell count.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NLR was significantly higher in carcinomas and microcarcinomas compared to benign pathology (<i>p</i> = 0.026), whereas a direct association could not be established for PLR. Both NLR and PLR scored low in all parameters of diagnostic accuracy, with overall accuracy ranging between 45 and 50%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As surrogate indices of the systemic inflammatory response, NLR and PLR are inexpensive and universally available from routine blood tests. Although we found higher NLR values in cases of malignancy, NLR and PLR cannot effectively predict the presence of occult papillary microcarcinomas in otherwise benign, multinodular goitres.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2018 ","pages":"3470429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/3470429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36178590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of Testing Anti-Thyroid Autoantibodies in Patients with Deranged Thyroid Profile.","authors":"Hamid Nawaz Tipu,&nbsp;Dawood Ahmed,&nbsp;Muhammad Mukarram Bashir,&nbsp;Naveed Asif","doi":"10.1155/2018/9610497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9610497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We hypothesized that anti-thyroid antibodies are more often positive in individuals with deranged thyroid profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort was done in Immunology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Jan 2017 to Oct 2017. All the samples that were referred to us for testing anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO or anti-TG antibodies) and thyroid profile were included in the study. There were no exclusion criteria. Tests for anti-thyroid antibodies were performed by ELISA and thyroid profile by chemiluminescence. SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a course of a ten-month study period, we received a total of 316 serum samples for anti-TPO/TG antibodies along with thyroid profile testing (TSH). These included 115 males (36.4%) and 201 females (63.6%). Their age ranged from 3 to 89 years (mean ± SD, 42.22 ± 18.09). Anti-TPO antibodies were more often positive when TSH was deranged (<i>p</i> value 0.001). Anti-TPO antibodies are more often raised in females, in terms of both prevalence (<i>p</i> 0.001) and mean rank (<i>p</i> 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As anti-thyroid antibodies are more often present when TSH is deranged, such individuals should be screened for anti-thyroid antibodies. This importance of screening is compounded by the fact that anti-thyroid antibodies may be positive in a significant percentage of elderly people.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2018 ","pages":"9610497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/9610497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36178591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomorphological Spectrum of Thyroiditis: A Review of 110 Cases.","authors":"Shirish S Chandanwale, Rahul Nair, Anushree Gambhir, Supreet Kaur, Aditi Pandey, Abhinav Shetty, Piyusha Naragude","doi":"10.1155/2018/5246516","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2018/5246516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Different types of thyroiditis may share some parallel clinical and biochemical features. Timely intervention can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Aim of this study is to find the frequency of various thyroiditis, study the cytomorphological features and correlate with clinical findings including radiological findings, thyroid function test, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (Anti-TPO antibodies).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included consecutive 110 cases of thyroiditis. Detailed cytomorphological features were studied and correlated with ultrasonography findings, thyroid function test, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO) and histopathological features where thyroidectomy specimens were received for histopathological examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority were Hashimoto's thyroiditis (<i>n</i> = 100) and females (<i>n</i> = 103). Other forms of thyroiditis were Hashimoto's thyroiditis with colloid goiter (<i>n</i> = 5), De Quervain's thyroiditis (<i>n</i> = 3), and one case each of postpartum thyroiditis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis with associated malignancy. The majority of patients were in the age group of 21-40 (<i>n</i> = 70) and the majority (<i>n</i> = 73) had diffuse enlargement of thyroid. The majority of patients were hypothyroid (<i>n</i> = 52). The serum anti-TPO antibodies were elevated in 47 patients out of 71 patients. In the 48 patients who underwent ultrasonography, 38 were diagnosed as having thyroiditis. The most consistent cytomorphological features seen in fine-needle aspiration smears of Hashimoto's thyroiditis were increased background lymphocytes, lymphocytic infiltration of thyroid follicular cell clusters, and Hurthle cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diagnostic cytological features in Hashimoto's thyroiditis are increased background lymphocytes, lymphocytic infiltration of thyroid follicular cell clusters, and Hurthle cells. FNAC remains the \"Gold Standard\" for diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Clinical history, thyroid function, and biochemical parameters are the key for diagnosis of other forms of thyroiditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2018 ","pages":"5246516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36036907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Displacement of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Patients with Recurrent Goiter Undergoing Redo Thyroid Surgery.","authors":"Emin Gurleyik,&nbsp;Fuat Cetin,&nbsp;Sami Dogan,&nbsp;Erman Yekenkurul,&nbsp;Ufuk Onsal,&nbsp;Fatih Gursoy,&nbsp;Alper Ipor","doi":"10.1155/2018/4763712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4763712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid reoperations are surgically challenging because of scarring and disturbances in the anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). This study was conducted on 49 patients who underwent redo surgery. 61 RLNs were identified and completely exposed. Their functional integrity was evaluated using intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM). Indications for secondary surgery, anatomical changes secondary to recurrent goiter mass and prior surgery, and results of IONM were studied. Frequent indications for redo surgery were multinodular goiter (MNG) in 19 (38.8%) and results of cytology in 14 (28.5%) patients. The mean time interval between primary and redo thyroid surgery was 23.4 years. We laterally approached 41 (67.2%) thyroid lobes between the sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscles. 16 (26.2%) RLNs were found to be adherent to the lateral surface of the corresponding thyroid lobe. The functional integrity of all RLNs was confirmed by IONM. The remnant thyroid tissue can then lead to goiter recurrence requiring secondary surgery after a long period of time. The indications for redo surgery were similar to primary cases. Lateral displacement of the RLN which is adherent to the lateral surface of recurrent goiter mass is common anatomic variation. Thyroid reoperations based on awareness of anatomical disturbances can be performed safely by an experienced surgeon with support of ancillary electrophysiological technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2018 ","pages":"4763712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/4763712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36032076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma in a Country of Endemic Iodine Deficiency (1994-2013).","authors":"Edmund Muonir Der","doi":"10.1155/2018/6516035","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2018/6516035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) has historically been linked to iodine deficiency. Although Ghana is among the iodine deficient regions of the world, the proportions, trends, and the clinical features of FTCs have not been studied as a single disease entity. The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequencies, trends, and the clinicopathological characteristics of FTCs among all thyroid malignancies in our institution.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study from January 1994 to December 2013. Data were analysed using SPSS software version 23 (Chicago) and Graph pad prism version 5.00.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Follicular thyroid cancer was the second thyroid malignancy (35.0%) and showed a gradual rise in relative proportions over the period. The male-female ratio was 1 : 1.5. The mean ages were 46.9 (SD ±17.3) for males and 46.4 (SD ±13.3) years for females. Enlarged palpable anterior neck swelling was the commonest symptom in males (86.7%) and females (91.3%) (<i>P</i> = 0.730). Hurthle cell carcinoma was the commonest variant of FTC, with 26.7% males and 10.6% females (<i>P</i> = 0.116). Distant spread was found in 23.3% of males compared to 19.1% of females (<i>P</i> = 0.633). The common sites of distant spread were bones (57.2%) in males and cervical lymph nodes (44.4%) in females (<i>P</i> = 0.106).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Follicular thyroid cancer was the second common thyroid malignancy (35.0%) with a gradual rise in trend over the study period and male-female ratio of 1.5 : 1. Large anterior neck swelling was the commonest clinical presentation of FTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2018 ","pages":"6516035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/6516035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36032077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid Disorders in Central Ghana: The Influence of 20 Years of Iodization.","authors":"Osei Sarfo-Kantanka,&nbsp;Ishmael Kyei,&nbsp;Fred Stephen Sarfo,&nbsp;Eunice Oparebea Ansah","doi":"10.1155/2017/7843972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7843972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ghana began mandatory iodization of salt in 1996. This study compares the prevalence of thyroid disorders before and after the introduction of iodization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study of thyroid cases from the middle belt of Ghana between 1982 and 2014. To demonstrate a link between iodization and hyperthyroidism and autoimmunity, we compared the prevalence of hyperthyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disorders before and after the iodization programme.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10,484 (7548 females, 2936 males) cases were recorded. The rate of thyroid cases seen was 343/100,000. Nontoxic nodular goiters (25.7%) and toxic nodular goiters (22.5%) represented the second commonest thyroid disorders recorded. The prevalence of hyperthyroid disorders seen after 1996 was significantly higher than the prevalence seen before the iodization (40.0 versus 21.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The prevalence of autoimmune disorders recorded after iodization was significantly higher than that before the iodization programme started (22.3% versus 9.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study has revealed a significant increase in thyroid admissions in Central Ghana over the decades. A connection between iodine fortification and iodine-induced hyperthyroidism and between iodine fortification and autoimmune thyroiditis has been shown in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"7843972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/7843972","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35200033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological Reactivity Using Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies of Autoimmune Thyroid Target Sites with Dietary Proteins.","authors":"Datis Kharrazian,&nbsp;Martha Herbert,&nbsp;Aristo Vojdani","doi":"10.1155/2017/4354723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4354723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many hypothyroid and autoimmune thyroid patients experience reactions with specific foods. Additionally, food interactions may play a role in a subset of individuals who have difficulty finding a suitable thyroid hormone dosage. Our study was designed to investigate the potential role of dietary protein immune reactivity with thyroid hormones and thyroid axis target sites. We identified immune reactivity between dietary proteins and target sites on the thyroid axis that includes thyroid hormones, thyroid receptors, enzymes, and transport proteins. We also measured immune reactivity of either target specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, 5'deiodinase, thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, thyroxine-binding globulin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine against 204 purified dietary proteins commonly consumed in cooked and raw forms. Dietary protein determinants included unmodified (raw) and modified (cooked and roasted) foods, herbs, spices, food gums, brewed beverages, and additives. There were no dietary protein immune reactions with TSH receptor, thyroid peroxidase, and thyroxine-binding globulin. However, specific antigen-antibody immune reactivity was identified with several purified food proteins with triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroglobulin, and 5'deiodinase. Laboratory analysis of immunological cross-reactivity between thyroid target sites and dietary proteins is the initial step necessary in determining whether dietary proteins may play a potential immunoreactive role in autoimmune thyroid disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"4354723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/4354723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35501327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Effects on Pregnancy Outcomes of Thyroid Hormone Replacement for Subclinical Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Norman J Blumenthal,&nbsp;Creswell J Eastman","doi":"10.1155/2017/4601365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4601365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>. Hypothyroidism and raised thyroid antibody levels have been associated with adverse obstetrical outcomes. Several studies have investigated causal associations, but results have been inconsistent and few studies have reported the effects of thyroxine replacement therapy on pregnancy outcomes in hypothyroid patients. <i>Objective</i>. The primary study objective was to determine the outcome of pregnancies in women diagnosed with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) (serum TSH > 2.5 mIU/L) and those with elevated circulating thyroid autoantibody levels in the first trimester of pregnancy and after the institution of appropriate thyroxine replacement therapy to maintain the serum TSH ≤ 2.5 mIU/L. <i>Study Design</i>. This prospective observational study was undertaken between 2013 and 2016. Blood samples were taken from 1025 women at presentation for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb). Those with a TSH > 2.5 mIU/L were treated with thyroxine and managed appropriately to ensure that the TSH was maintained ≤2.5 mIU/L. Outcomes in these patients were compared to those in euthyroid patients. Maternal antenatal complications and perinatal outcomes were recorded. <i>Results</i>. There were a total of 1025 patients of whom 382 (37.5%) were nulliparous. 10.1% had a TSH level > 2.5 mIU/L and 18.2% had at least one raised thyroid antibody level. No differences in adverse outcomes of pregnancy were evident in women treated for SCH or overt hypothyroidism compared to the euthyroid group. There was also no association between raised thyroid antibodies and adverse pregnancy outcomes in either group. <i>Conclusion</i>. There were no adverse outcomes of pregnancy found in pregnant women who had been diagnosed and treated with thyroxine for SCH at the time of presentation when compared to euthyroid patients. There was also no relationship with thyroid antibodies and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the two groups. It is not possible to unequivocally advocate for thyroxine replacement in pregnant women with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism until large scale randomized controlled trials are performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"4601365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/4601365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34806039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Polymorphism in the Length of the Polyalanine Tract of <i>FOXE1</i> Gene Influence the Risk of Thyroid Dysgenesis Occurrence?","authors":"Clebson Pantoja Pimentel,&nbsp;Erik Artur Cortinhas-Alves,&nbsp;Edivaldo Herculano Correa de Oliveira,&nbsp;Luiz Carlos Santana-da-Silva","doi":"10.1155/2017/2793205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2793205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background.</i> Recent data have suggested that polymorphisms in the length of the polyalanine tract (polyA) of <i>FOXE1</i> gene may act as a susceptibility factor for thyroid dysgenesis. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of polyA of <i>FOXE1</i> gene on the risk of thyroid dysgenesis. <i>Method.</i> A case-control study was conducted in a sample of 90 Brazilian patients with thyroid dysgenesis and 131 controls without family history of thyroid disease. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples and the genotype of each individual was determined by automated sequencing. <i>Results.</i> More than 90% of genotypes found in the group of patients with thyroid dysgenesis and in controls subjects were represented by sizes 14 and 16 polymorphisms in the following combinations: 14/14, 14/16, and 16/16. Genotypes 14/16 and 16/16 were more frequent in the control group, while genotype 14/14 was more frequent in the group of patients with thyroid dysgenesis. There was no difference between agenesis group and control group. Genotype 14/14 when compared to genotypes 14/16 and 16/16A showed an association with thyroid dysgenesis. <i>Conclusion.</i> PolyA of <i>FOXE1</i> gene alters the risk of thyroid dysgenesis, which may explain in part the etiology of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"2793205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/2793205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35861416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}