Journal of Thyroid Research最新文献

{"title":"The End-Diastolic Velocity of Thyroid Arteries Is Strongly Correlated with the Peak Systolic Velocity and Gland Volume in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis.","authors":"Danilo Bianchini Höfling,&nbsp;Suemi Marui,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel,&nbsp;Giovanni Guido Cerri,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Chammas","doi":"10.1155/2017/1924974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1924974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of thyroid arteries reflects peripheral blood flow resistance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim was to evaluate EDV correlations with other Doppler sonography parameters and with clinical and biochemical variables in a sample of patients with hypothyroidism caused by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 48 CAT hypothyroid patients receiving treatment with stable doses of levothyroxine was selected. The participants underwent clinical evaluation and measurement of serum thyrotropin (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), free T4, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg) and Doppler sonography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EDV of the inferior thyroid arteries (ITA-EDV) was strongly and positively correlated with the peak systolic velocity of the inferior thyroid arteries (ITA-PSV, <i>r</i> = 0.919), thyroid volume (<i>r</i> = 0.711), and thyroid visual vascularization pattern (TVP, <i>r</i> = 0.687). There was no correlation between ITA-EDV and the clinical variables, hormones, anti-TPO, or anti-Tg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The strong correlation of ITA-EDV with ITA-PSV, TVP, and volume suggests that increased vascularization in CAT may be associated with a reduction in thyroid blood flow resistance, possibly due to an angiogenesis-induced increase in the total vascular cross-sectional area of the parenchyma.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"1924974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/1924974","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35537549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypermetabolic Thyroid Incidentaloma on Positron Emission Tomography: Review of Laboratory, Radiologic, and Pathologic Characteristics.","authors":"Mehrdad Bakhshayesh Karam,&nbsp;Abtin Doroudinia,&nbsp;Farzaneh Joukar,&nbsp;Kobra Nadi,&nbsp;Atosa Dorudinia,&nbsp;Payam Mehrian,&nbsp;Abbas Yousefikoma","doi":"10.1155/2017/7176934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7176934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Incidental hypermetabolic thyroid lesions on Positron Emission Tomography have significant clinical value and may harbor malignancy. In this study we evaluated laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic characteristics of incidental hypermetabolic thyroid lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We evaluated 18 patients prospectively with various malignancies and hypermetabolic thyroid incidentaloma. The thyroid function tests, ultrasound assessment, and guided FNA biopsy were performed on all cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 9 male and 9 female patients with mean age of 51 years. Most common malignancy was colon cancer. Metabolic activity quantification using maximum standard uptake value demonstrated range between 1.4 and 65.4 with mean value of 9.4. We found highest metabolic activity in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, and colon adenocarcinoma. On ultrasound exam most thyroid lesions were of solid, hypoechoic, noncalcified nature with either normal or peripheral increased vascularity. FNA biopsy report was benign in 15 cases and malignant or highly suggestive for malignancy in 3 other cases. Two of the three malignant cases demonstrated metabolic activity higher than average SUV max.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most thyroid hypermetabolic incidentalomas are benign lesions, while higher values of SUV max are in favor of malignancy. This mandates further evaluation of incidentally found thyroid hypermetabolic lesions on routine PET/CT scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"7176934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/7176934","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35514353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Obesity on Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones among Euthyroid Saudi Adults.","authors":"Hassan M Al-Musa","doi":"10.1155/2017/5739806","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/5739806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of study: </strong>To assess serum thyroid hormones levels among Saudi adults and to correlate participants' serum levels with their grades of body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 278 adult subjects were recruited. Participants were categorized according to their BMI grades into normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m²), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m²), or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²). Serum thyroid hormones levels were assessed at the central laboratory of Aseer Central Hospital, Abha City, by chemiluminescence immunoassay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than three-fourths of participants were either overweight (31.3%) or obese (44.6%). Mean TSH serum levels showed a significantly increasing trend with increasing BMI (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A negative trend was observed regarding participants' mean serum levels of fT4 with their BMI, but there were no significant differences in mean serum fT4 levels according to BMI. Moreover, no significant differences were observed in serum fT3 levels according to BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mean TSH serum levels increase with BMI increase. Further largescale multicentric and longitudinal studies are necessary to prove the association between serum levels of thyroid hormones and BMI of euthyroid adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"5739806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/5739806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35101431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome, Pain Perception, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Submitted to Percutaneous Ethanol Injection for Simple Thyroid Cysts.","authors":"Roberto Negro,&nbsp;Ermenegildo Colosimo,&nbsp;Gabriele Greco","doi":"10.1155/2017/9536479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9536479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid cysts are usually benign lesions that when voluminous may induce cosmetic concerns or local discomfort. Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) has been demonstrated to be effective for shrinkage of such cysts. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the efficacy, pain perception, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients submitted to PEI for pure cystic lesions. We reviewed the data of 101 patients who underwent ≤3 PEI. In the whole group of patients, the volume reduction was 66% after the first, 74.4% after the second, and 79.4% after the third PEI treatment. 55.4% had a cystic volume ≤ 10 ml; 85.7% of cysts ≤ 10 ml were cured by just one PEI. The number of PEI was significantly higher in the >30.0 ml group; this latter group obtained the smallest percent reduction versus baseline after the first PEI when compared with smaller cysts. The sensation of pain reported during PEI was absent in 78.3% of cases, and HRQL significantly improved from pre- to the posttreatment. PEI is a safe and effective technique for pure cystic lesions. In addition, HRQL significantly improves, providing a further support for this procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"9536479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/9536479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35292658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹⁸F-FDG Pet-Guided External Beam Radiotherapy in Iodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Eleonora Farina,&nbsp;Fabio Monari,&nbsp;Paolo Castellucci,&nbsp;Fabrizio Romani,&nbsp;Andrea Repaci,&nbsp;Arianna Farina,&nbsp;Giuseppe Zanirato Rambaldi,&nbsp;Giovanni Frezza,&nbsp;Renzo Mazzarotto,&nbsp;Silvia Cammelli,&nbsp;Luca Tagliaferri,&nbsp;Rosa Autorino,&nbsp;Francesco Deodato,&nbsp;Gabriella Macchia,&nbsp;Savino Cilla,&nbsp;Vincenzo Valentini,&nbsp;Stefano Fanti,&nbsp;Alessio G Morganti","doi":"10.1155/2017/9807543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9807543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate the clinical response rate after a postoperative ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT guided external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in Iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Patients with thyroid cancer locally recurrent after total thyroidectomy plus metabolic radiotherapy and treated with radical EBRT were included. Inclusion criteria were detectable thyroglobulin (Tg), negative postmetabolic radiotherapy whole body scintigraphy, and no surgical indications. The pretreatment ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT resulted positive in all cases (loggia, lymph nodes, and lung). EBRT was delivered with IMRT-SIB technique. A ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT revaluation and Tg dosage were performed 3 months after the treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen consecutive patients were included in this analysis (median follow-up: 6-44 months). Post-EBRT ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT showed CR in 43.7%, PR in 31.2%, SD in 25.0% patients, and PD due to lung metastases in 12.5%. Overall response rate was 75.0% (CI 95%: 41.4-93.3%). Tg levels decreased in 75.0% with a median Δ of 68.0%. Two-year PFS and OS rates were 80.0% and 93.0%, respectively. Acute G3 toxicity occurred in 18.7% and late G2 toxicity in 12.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT was useful in target definition for radiotherapy planning, identifying positive areas not detected with ¹³¹I scintigraphy. IMRT based EBRT was feasible and our results encourage future prospective studies. This clinical trial is registered with ID: NCT03191643.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"9807543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/9807543","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35216686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Risk Categories for Thyroid Nodules and Cytology Results: A Single Institution's Experience after the Adoption of the 2016 Update of Medical Guidelines by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi.","authors":"Roberto Negro,&nbsp;Gabriele Greco,&nbsp;Ermenegildo Colosimo","doi":"10.1155/2017/8135415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8135415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In 2016, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi (AME) released updated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the AACE/AME recommendations for FNA in clinical practice, by comparing the (US) stratification risk and indications for FNA with cytologic results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From May to December 2016, we collected the cytologic results from FNAs of nodules that were classified using a three-tier US category system (low, intermediate, and high risk).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We obtained 859 FNAs from 598 patients: 341 (39.7%) from low, 489 (56.9%) from intermediate, and 29 (3.4%) from high risk nodules. Of these, 88.5% and 74.9% of low and intermediate risk nodules, respectively, were cytologically benign, whereas 84.6% of high risk nodules had a moderate-to-elevated risk of malignancy or were malignant. If FNAs had been limited to intermediate risk nodules >20 mm, we would have missed 13/17 (76.5%) nodules that had moderate-to-elevated risk of malignancy or were malignant (11/13 were malignant based on histology).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A nonnegligible number of cytologically malignant nodules or nodules that were suspected to be malignant would be missed if intermediate US risk nodules <20 mm were not biopsied.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"8135415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/8135415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35200034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyrotoxic Atrial Fibrillation: Factors Associated with Persistence and Risk of Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Cheuk-Lik Wong,&nbsp;Ho-Kee Vicki Tam,&nbsp;Chun-Kit Vincent Fok,&nbsp;Pong-Kai Ellen Lam,&nbsp;Lai-Ming Fung","doi":"10.1155/2017/4259183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4259183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the commonest cardiovascular manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. A significant proportion of patients have persistent AF which may have long term consequences, for example, ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective cohort study in a regional hospital from January 2004 to June 2016 to examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of thyrotoxic patients who presented with atrial fibrillation and to investigate possible factors associated with persistent atrial fibrillation and ischemic stoke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1918 patients who had a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis, 133 (6.9%) patients presented with AF. Spontaneous sinus conversion occurred in 89 (66.9%) patients in which 85 (94%) patients developed sinus conversion before or within 6 months after having achieved euthyroidism. The remaining 44 (33.1%) had persistent AF. The rate of ischemic stroke was numerically higher among patients who had persistent AF than those with spontaneous sinus conversion (15.9% versus 10.1%; log-rank 0.442, <i>p</i> = 0.506). Patients who sustained an ischemic stroke were older (71 ± 11 years versus 62 ± 16 years, <i>p</i> = 0.023) and had a trend towards higher CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (2.9 ± 1.7 versus 2.3 ± 1.7, <i>p</i> = 0.153). History of smoking (adjusted odds ratio 4.9, 95% CI [1.8,14.0], <i>p</i> = 0.002), a larger left atrial diameter (adjusted odd ratio 2.6, 95% CI [1.2,5.5], <i>p</i> = 0.014), and a relatively lower free thyroxine level at diagnosis (adjusted odd ratio 2.1, 95% CI [1.2,3.5], <i>p</i> = 0.008) were associated with persistence of AF on multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Persistence of thyrotoxic AF occurred in one-third of patients and spontaneous sinus conversion was unlikely after six months of euthyroidism. High rate of ischemic stroke was observed among patients with persistent thyrotoxic AF and older age. Patients with factors associated with persistent AF, especially older people, should be closely monitored beyond 6 months so that anticoagulation can be initiated in a timely manner to reduce risk of ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"4259183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/4259183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35774880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Challenges in Interpretation of Thyroid Function Tests in Pregnant Women with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease\".","authors":"Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen,&nbsp;Sofie Bliddal,&nbsp;Åse Krogh Rasmussen,&nbsp;Malene Boas,&nbsp;Linda Hilsted,&nbsp;Katharina Main","doi":"10.1155/2017/4324130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4324130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.4061/2011/598712.].</p>","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"4324130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/4324130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35315022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"The Relationship between Population T4/TSH Set Point Data and T4/TSH Physiology\".","authors":"Stephen Paul Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Nigel Geoffrey Bean","doi":"10.1155/2017/6917841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6917841","url":null,"abstract":"[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/6351473.].","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"2017 ","pages":"6917841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/6917841","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35514352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Variation across Canadian Centers in Radioiodine Administration for Thyroid Remnant Ablation in Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Diagnosed in 2000–2010","authors":"I. Rachinsky, M. Rajaraman, W. Leslie, A. Zahedi, C. Jefford, A. McGibbon, J. Young, K. Pathak, M. Badreddine, S. De Brabandere, H. Fong, S. V. Van Uum","doi":"10.1155/2016/2867916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2867916","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Use of radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation has been reported to vary significantly between studies. We explored variation in RAI ablation care patterns between seven thyroid cancer treatment centers in Canada. Methods. The Canadian Collaborative Network for Cancer of the Thyroid (CANNECT) is a collaborative registry to describe and analyze patterns of care for thyroid cancer. We analyzed data from seven participating centers on RAI ablation in patients diagnosed with well-differentiated (papillary and follicular) thyroid cancer between 2000 and 2010. We compared RAI ablation protocols including indications (based on TNM staging), preparation protocols, and administered dose. We excluded patients with known distant metastases at time of RAI ablation. Results. We included 3072 patients. There were no significant differences in TNM stage over time. RAI use increased in earlier years and then declined. The fraction of patients receiving RAI varied significantly between centers, ranging between 20–85% for T1, 44–100% for T2, 58–100% for T3, and 59–100% for T4. There were significant differences in the RAI doses between centers. Finally, there was major variation in the use of thyroid hormone withdrawal or rhTSH for preparation of RAI ablation. Conclusion. Our study identified significant variation in use of RAI for ablation in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer both between Canadian centers and over time.","PeriodicalId":17394,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thyroid Research","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2016-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88423949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}