Journal of Tissue Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Janus base nanotubes-driven biomimetic microenvironments for enhanced 3D cell spheroid development and extracellular matrix production.","authors":"Yujin Zou, Yi Wan, Yuwei Lu, Xiaoqi Lu, Zhenbing Ji, Libo Zhou","doi":"10.1177/20417314261486158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20417314261486158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture relies on a flat adhesive substrate, which not only restricts cellular three-dimensional growth space but also lacks the complex interactions and multiple signaling pathways between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in significant differences in the survival state of cells cultured in vitro compared to that in their natural three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment in vivo, presenting inherent constraints for investigating complex biological questions in vitro. In this study, we introduce the DNA-inspired biomimetic nanomaterial, Janus base nanotubes (JBNTs), designed to simulate the long collagen fibers in natural tissues to promote 3D spheroid formation within a conventional 2D system. Under physiological conditions, the lysine groups in JBNTs confer positive charges to JBNTs, allowing negatively charged cells and proteins to adhere to the material surface via electrostatic interactions, thereby providing rapid anchorage sites for cells and facilitating spontaneous cell aggregation into 3D structures. We believe that this engineered microenvironment triggers cellular self-regulation, upregulating the expression of cell membrane receptor proteins and key extracellular matrix components. Cells engage with these microenvironmental elements to facilitate the formation of stable 3D cellular spheroids. Additionally, the JBNTs-induced spheroids exhibit a cell viability exceeding 90% and can be readily dissociated into single cells using trypsin for subculture, demonstrating excellent cytocompatibility and high cell reusability, which are advantageous for constructing 3D in vitro models. This study presents an innovative approach for constructing 3D microenvironments, offering new pathways for guiding cellular behavior and advancing 3D cell culture techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261486158"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel microspheres for osteoarthritis treatment: Fabrication strategies, smart responsiveness, and multimodal therapies.","authors":"Zhuoxuan Song, Xinyue Song, Rui Zhao, Zhicong Zhou, Wei Huang, Meng Zhang, Fang He, Qiming Pang","doi":"10.1177/20417314261480582","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261480582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive degenerative joint disease defined by the degradation of articular cartilage, with pathological involvement of periarticular tissues including the synovium and subchondral bone. Existing conservative interventions for OA are limited to symptomatic relief and cannot reverse established cartilage degeneration, underscoring the critical unmet need to address prevailing clinical treatment bottlenecks. Hydrogel microspheres, as an emerging delivery platform integrating drug delivery capabilities with tissue engineering scaffold functions, hold substantial promise for targeted OA therapy and cartilage repair. Their core beneficial properties include minimally invasive injectability, favorable biocompatibility, sustained drug release capacity, and intelligent responsiveness. This review systematically explores the application of hydrogel microspheres in the treatment of OA and provides a detailed summary of material systems and preparation techniques-covering natural materials, synthetic polymers, and composite/hybrid materials, as well as processes such as emulsion cross-linking, microfluidics, electrospray, photolithography, and 3D printing. This paper places particular emphasis on the modulation of mechanical properties, smart responsive release mechanisms, and strategies to enhance bioactivity. Furthermore, it summarizes various therapeutic strategies supported by hydrogel microspheres, including the precise controlled release of small-molecule drugs, the regulation of endogenous stem cell recruitment and directed differentiation, the targeted delivery of gene therapy drugs, and synergistic treatment modalities. By synthesizing core research advances in this field in recent years and elucidating key technological development directions, this review provides a comprehensive reference for advancing the translation of hydrogel microspheres from basic research to clinical applications in the management of OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261480582"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro pre-vascularized model of the human skin based on collagen hydrogel reinforced by fibrin-coated nanofibrous membrane.","authors":"Julia Tomsu, Martina Doubkova, Antonin Broz, Andreu Blanquer, Daniel Hadraba, Martina Travnickova, Hubert Suca, Monika Supova, Vera Jencova, Lucie Bacakova","doi":"10.1177/20417314261478553","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261478553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introducing pre-vascularization in functional full-thickness skin equivalents is critical to improve inosculation upon implantation. This study introduces a mechanically reinforced, bi-layered human skin model comprised of epidermis and pre-vascularized dermis. By combining a collagen type I hydrogel with an electrospun PCL/PLCL nanofibrous membrane coated with fibrin provisional matrix, we developed a composite scaffold that prevents the cell-induced hydrogel contraction and replicates the mechanical heterogeneity of native skin. The model utilizes a simultaneous tri-culture of human endothelial cells, adipose tissue-derived stromal cells, and keratinocytes. A custom 3D-printed, adjustable insert for cultivation at an air-liquid interface facilitates stratification of the dermal and epidermal layers. Our results demonstrate that adipose tissue-derived stromal cells effectively function as pericyte-like stabilizers, driving the formation of dermal capillary-like networks in 3D. This reinforced, pre-vascularized model provides a tool for improving tissue substitutes <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, and a biomimetic platform for studying dermal-epidermal crosstalk and microvascular formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261478553"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectric modulation of scar fate in wound repair: Mechanisms, dosimetry, and scar-oriented electroceutical design.","authors":"Zhengyun Jin, Huiling Chen, Yu Zhu Zhang","doi":"10.1177/20417314261486144","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261486144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exogenous electrical stimulation accelerates cutaneous wound closure, but its effect on pathological scarring remains poorly defined. This review reframes the field around scar fate rather than closure speed and applies a three-tier endpoint framework that distinguishes wound closure, tissue-quality surrogates, and validated scar outcomes. We examine endogenous bioelectric signaling and evaluate how electrical stimulation influences electrotaxis, calcium-dependent myofibroblast activation, TGF beta signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, and immune regulation. Current evidence shows that some platforms reduce collagen I, alpha smooth muscle actin, and myofibroblast activity, whereas other stimulation conditions enhance profibrotic signaling. These divergent effects are strongly dependent on dose, waveform, exposure time, cell source, and biological context. However, validated scar scales, mature scar outcomes, and rigorous fibroproliferative models remain rarely used in current experimental studies. We therefore propose a dosimetry and reporting framework to guide scar-oriented electroceutical design and clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261486144"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FGF-2 signaling dominance in TGF-β1/FGF-2-primed nasoseptal chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering.","authors":"Zhiyao Ma, Kiarra Grimes, Aillette Mulet-Sierra, Melanie Kunze, Kezhou Wu, Adetola B Adesida","doi":"10.1177/20417314261479435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20417314261479435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasoseptal chondrocytes (NCs) are a viable cell source for engineering autologous hyaline cartilage grafts for nasal reconstruction or repairing articular cartilage lesions. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 are commonly used to optimize cell yield and chondrogenic capacity during <i>in vitro</i> culture. However, the comprehensive molecular effects of these factors have yet to be elucidated. Leveraging RNA sequencing, this study characterizes the individual and interactive effects of FGF-2 and TGF-β1 on the NC monolayer transcriptome and subsequent 3D cartilage microtissue qualities, revealing that dual-primed NC transcriptomes converge on an FGF-2-like state. Altogether, our analysis of growth factor interactions at the molecular level provides novel, foundational insights into the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways essential to advancing tissue engineering strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261479435"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13473784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimised cryopreservation preserves functional competence of goat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and is associated with stress-adapted mitochondrial and paracrine features.","authors":"Michelle Abraham, Ibraz Kori, Pulayanmala V Anusha, Izzath Fathima, Mohammed M Idris, Sandeep Goel","doi":"10.1177/20417314261473533","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261473533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation is essential for mesenchymal stem cell banking, but its effects on adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) function remain debated. This study evaluated an optimised cryopreservation protocol for goat ADSCs using phenotypic, functional, mitochondrial-associated, conditioned-medium, proteomic, and wound-healing assays. Cryopreserved ADSCs retained morphology, viability, clonogenicity, proliferation, adherence, immunophenotype, and trilineage differentiation, comparable to those of fresh ADSCs. Post-thaw cells showed increased MitoTracker Green signal, JC-1 red/green ratio, ATP content, relative mtDNA abundance, and SOD2-associated immunofluorescence, together with lower H₂O₂-induced ROS- and autophagy-associated fluorescence. Conditioned-medium proteomics suggested exploratory shifts toward extracellular matrix-, anti-protease-, and redox-associated proteins. Functionally, cryopreserved ADSCs maintained inflammatory cue-directed migration, modulated macrophage surface marker expression, and reduced oxidative stress-associated injury readouts in goat dermal fibroblasts. In a goat excisional wound model, ADSC treatment improved wound-closure kinetics and supported histological repair. Overall, optimised cryopreservation preserved the functional competence of goat ADSCs and was associated with stress-adapted post-thaw features.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261473533"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13462512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148722957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> models of blood-spinal cord barrier in spinal cord injury: A meta-analysis of model design, performance, and physiological relevance.","authors":"Yuwei Zhang, Songlin He, Yiting Lei, Peixi Wang, Liangbin Zhou, Hengxing Zhou, Gang Lu, Sheung-Wai Law, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Shiqing Feng, Rocky S Tuan, Zhong Alan Li","doi":"10.1177/20417314261467659","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261467659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>In vitro</i> models of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) are widely utilized for developing therapeutics against neurological diseases such as spinal cord injury (SCI). However, high variability among existing <i>in vitro</i> BSCB models severely limits their predictive power for preclinical research, highlighting the need for a comprehensive synthesis of current model characteristics and performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first reviewed <i>in vitro</i> BSCB models under SCI conditions and conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of mainstream Transwell-based models. The synthesis systematically analyzed critical factors influencing model performance, including cell types, disease modeling strategies (<i>e.g.,</i> hypoxic culture, inflammatory stimuli, oxidative stress), and the inclusion of biomaterial matrices. The meta-analysis quantified differences in key BSCB properties, including permeability, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and junctional/inflammatory protein expression, across healthy, diseased, and treatment contexts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesis identified cell composition, disease induction methods, and biomaterial matrix inclusion as core factors determining the ability of <i>in vitro</i> BSCB models to replicate physiological and pathological characteristics. Meta-analysis results revealed significant quantitative differences among three types of BSCB models. Specifically, disease models exhibited consistently higher permeability (measured via FITC-dextran) and lower mean TEER values (97.94 Ω·cm²) compared to healthy models (183.73 Ω·cm²) and treatment groups (146.28 Ω·cm²). Additionally, co-culturing BSCB endothelial cells with glial cells or pericytes was demonstrated to significantly enhance the physiological relevance of the models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review consolidates critical insights into <i>in vitro</i> BSCB model design and performance, providing a clear framework for developing more accurate and reliable models. These findings will facilitate the development of effective therapeutic interventions capable of crossing the BSCB, addressing a key bottleneck in mechanistic research and therapeutic development for treating SCI and other neurological diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261467659"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13443248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A biomimetic tubuloid-on-a-chip for human renal fibrosis research and anti-fibrotic drug development.","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Feili Yang, Cheng Han, Yina Wang, Xueqiang Liu, Zhonghang Wang, Jichun Suo, Huimin Long, Libin Zhou, Zilin Zhang, Boyang Song, Jing Zhang, Qiwei Li, Zhongze Gu, Zaozao Chen, Zhouji Shen","doi":"10.1177/20417314261472260","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261472260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD), driven largely by renal fibrosis, lacks effective therapies due to the limited predictive capacity of existing preclinical models. To address this, we developed a human tubuloid-on-a-chip model integrating tubuloids, endothelial cells, and immune cells within a microfluidic system to recapitulate the key pathophysiology of renal fibrosis. Induction of fibrosis with TGF-β1 in this system recapitulated key pathological features, including extracellular matrix deposition, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and loss of epithelial polarity. Functional assessments revealed impaired tubular reabsorption, including reduced albumin uptake and glucose transport, alongside elevated oxidative stress, mirroring clinical observations in CKD patients. The model's pharmacological relevance was validated by the therapeutic effects of nintedanib, which attenuated fibrotic phenotypes. Taken together, this tubuloid-on-a-chip platform demonstrates the potential to model complex fibrotic pathologies in vitro and may serve as a useful tool for CKD research and anti-fibrotic drug development, potentially accelerating therapeutic discovery for renal fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261472260"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating single-cell and spheroid strategies in tissue engineering: Comparative insights from pancreas, cartilage, heart and brain.","authors":"Shankar Shanmuga Sundaram, Michelle Min Shuen Tan, Quang Bach Le, Wei Seong Toh, Deepak Choudhury","doi":"10.1177/20417314261460410","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261460410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering (TE) remains a cornerstone of regenerative medicine, aiming to bypass the limitation of organ transplantation through the fabrication of functional tissue substitutes. Traditionally, TE has followed two primary paradigms: the top-down approach, utilising single cells seeded on a scaffold, and the bottom-up approach, employing cell spheroids as building blocks. While top-down offers architectural and structural control, bottom-up promotes self-assembly, native-like extracellular matrix deposition, and intercellular signalling. However, modern techniques increasingly blur this dichotomy, creating a spectrum of cell-based fabrication approaches. This review evaluates the diverse approaches across four major tissue classes: epithelial (pancreas as an example), connective (cartilage), muscle (heart), and nervous (brain) tissues. For each tissue, we examine notable studies to evaluate how different assembly methods recapitulate native tissue properties. By reviewing case studies across diverse tissue types, we highlight the relative strengths and limitations of various fabrication strategies. Although this review is limited by a selective cross-section of literature within a rapidly advancing technological landscape, it provides critical insights into optimising next-generation tissue constructs. In conclusion, we posit that there is no universal fabrication strategy; rather, the future of the field depends on tailoring approaches along this single-cell-to-spheroid spectrum based on the specific architectural and functional demands of the target tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261460410"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the memory of the extracellular matrix using MASH-derived decellularized scaffolds.","authors":"Gabriel Reis Pinto, Luana Diniz Guerra Braz, Yasmin Pestana, Alexandre Cerqueira da Silva Filho, Giulia Roldão B Freire, Maria Isabel Moraes do Amaral Candido Gomes, Julia Helena Oliveira de Barros, Thamires Siqueira de Oliveira, Isadora Z L F Feng, Barbara Fidelix Santana, Hernandes F Carvalho, Cherley Borba Vieira Andrade, Lucas Pires Guarnier, Érica Almeida Amorim, Cibele Ferreira Pimentel, Alfredo Miranda de Goes, M Fátima Leite, Robson A S Santos, Marina Amaral Alves, Regina Coeli Dos Santos Goldenberg, Marlon Lemos Dias","doi":"10.1177/20417314261468885","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314261468885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging evidence suggests that the extracellular matrix (ECM) possesses a \"memory\" that can influence cell physiology and recellularization outcomes. Understanding this memory is essential to allow the use of bioengineered organs derived from diseased ECM, offering a solution to the critical organ shortage. To address this, we investigated whether the memory of ECM derived from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) livers impacts disease establishment following transplantation. Partial orthotopic transplantation of decellularized MASH-derived ECM was performed in control and MASH recipients. Histological analysis confirmed complete recellularization; however, molecular and metabolomic analyses revealed that MASH ECM stimulated de novo lipogenesis and fibrogenesis, inducing impaired lipid oxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction, which contributed to disease progression by promoting altered lipid turnover and inflammatory signalling. In vitro analysis revealed that MASH-ECM disrupted calcium signalling and promoted the maintenance of a pathological phenotype. Although derived from diseased livers, human ECM can promote cell survival and permissiveness. In conclusion, diseased ECM memory impacts cell physiology, suggesting that the scaffold can drive disease progression independently of the cellular environment. Thus, further studies are needed to develop strategies capable of reversing the pathological memory associated with ECM to allow its use in liver transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"20417314261468885"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}