Journal of Tissue Engineering最新文献

Design of an artificial natural killer cell mimicking system to target tumour cells. 针对肿瘤细胞的人工自然杀伤细胞模拟系统的设计。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251349675

Vaishali Chugh, Vijaya Krishna Kanala, Dagmar Quandt, Suainibhe Kelly, Damien King, Lasse D Jensen, Jeremy C Simpson, Abhay Pandit

{"title":"Design of an artificial natural killer cell mimicking system to target tumour cells.","authors":"Vaishali Chugh, Vijaya Krishna Kanala, Dagmar Quandt, Suainibhe Kelly, Damien King, Lasse D Jensen, Jeremy C Simpson, Abhay Pandit","doi":"10.1177/20417314251349675","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251349675","url":null,"abstract":"NK cell mimics are assemblies of a cell membrane and a template that replicate biomimetic features and physicochemical properties, respectively. To develop this targeted drug delivery system, gelatin microspheres (cG) were fabricated using a water-in-oil emulsion and reinforced via DMTMM cross-linking to exhibit tunable Young's modulus, a critical parameter for cell-material interactions. These microspheres were subsequently coated with membranes derived from the human NK cell line KHYG-1 to form biomimetic NK cell mimics (cGCM), combining physicochemical control with bioinspired functionality. These engineered cGCM were non-toxic, non-inflammatory, and capable of reducing macrophage uptake by ~10% when incubated with differentiated THP-1 cells. In vitro studies demonstrated significant interaction/ proximity of the cGCM with cancer cells in 2D cultures of breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), 3D spheroids of liver (HepG2), and colon (HT-29) cancer cell models, and a zebrafish breast cancer xenograft (MDA-MB-231) model. The cGCM also evaded macrophage detection in a Kdrl:EGFP Spil:Ds Red zebrafish model. Furthermore, in a pilot assessment, loading and release of the sialyltransferase inhibitor (STI, 3Fax-Peracetyl Neu5Ac) using cGCM significantly reduced α-2,6 sialylation in 2D cultures of MDA-MB-231 cells, demonstrating the STI's intact functionality in inhibiting sialylation. By integrating bioinspired membranes with mechanically tunable gelatin-based carriers, our system demonstrates a multifunctional immune-mimicking platform with relevance to tissue engineering, tumour modelling, immune modulation, and drug delivery. These findings offer a promising foundation for future therapeutic strategies in cancer research and immuno-engineering.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251349675"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hair regeneration: Mechano-activation and related therapeutic approaches. 头发再生：机械激活和相关的治疗方法。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251362398

Sun Young Nam, Shreyas Kumar Jain, Amal George Kurian, Ishik Jeong, Byung Cheol Park, Kiwon Ban, Jonathan C Knowles, Hae-Won Kim

{"title":"Hair regeneration: Mechano-activation and related therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Sun Young Nam, Shreyas Kumar Jain, Amal George Kurian, Ishik Jeong, Byung Cheol Park, Kiwon Ban, Jonathan C Knowles, Hae-Won Kim","doi":"10.1177/20417314251362398","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251362398","url":null,"abstract":"Hair regrowth through mechano-stimulation and other therapeutic approaches has emerged as a significant area of research in regenerative medicine. This review examines recent advances in hair regeneration strategies, with a particular focus on mechanical stimulation and complementary treatments. Studies have demonstrated that skin stretching can activate hair follicle stem cells and promote hair growth under specific conditions and durations. This process involves intricate signaling interactions, particularly through the WNT and BMP pathways, and follows a two-stage mechanism that recruits and modulates the function of macrophages. Mechanical stimulation induces the release of growth factors such as HGF and IGF-1, which activate stem cells and support hair follicle regeneration. Beyond mechanical activation, emerging hair restoration therapies, including MSC transplantation, MSC secretome therapy, and platelet-rich plasma treatments, have shown promising results. These innovative strategies overcome the limitations of conventional therapies, offering effective solutions for various types of hair loss. Additionally, here we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying hair follicle growth and repair, the influence of external factors, and novel hair follicle formation processes, such as chimeric follicle development and follicular neogenesis. Special attention is given to the roles of dermal papilla cells and their interactions with mesenchymal cells in promoting hair regrowth. The key strategies and underlying mechanisms discussed in this review will drive future research and potential clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251362398"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "Tendon tissue engineering: An overview of biologics to promote tendon healing and repair". “肌腱组织工程：促进肌腱愈合和修复的生物制剂概述”的勘误。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251380714

引用次数: 0

A patient-specific engineered tissue model of BAG3-mediated cardiomyopathy. bag3介导的心肌病患者特异性工程化组织模型。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251371296

Margaretha A J Morsink, Bryan Z Wang, Josephine M Watkins, Richard Z Zhuang, Xiaokan Zhang, Francois Chesnais, Connie Chen, Roberta I Lock, Barry M Fine, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic

{"title":"A patient-specific engineered tissue model of BAG3-mediated cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Margaretha A J Morsink, Bryan Z Wang, Josephine M Watkins, Richard Z Zhuang, Xiaokan Zhang, Francois Chesnais, Connie Chen, Roberta I Lock, Barry M Fine, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic","doi":"10.1177/20417314251371296","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251371296","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic mutations in Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) cause genetic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a disease characterized by ventricular dilation, systolic dysfunction, and fibrosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that BAG3 mediates sarcomeric protein turnover through chaperone-assisted selective autophagy to maintain sarcomere integrity in the human heart. Although mouse models provide valuable insights into whole-organism effects of BAG3 knockout or pathogenic variants, their utility is limited by species-specific differences in pathophysiology, which often do not translate to humans and contribute to the failure of clinical trials. As a result, the development of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iCM) and engineered heart tissues presents a promising alternative for studying adult-onset cardiac diseases. Here, we used genome engineering to generate an isogenic pseudo-wild-type control cell line from a patient-derived iPSC line carrying a pathogenic BAG3 variant, clinically presenting with DCM. While monolayer iCMs recapitulated some features of BAG3-mediated DCM, such as reduced autophagy, mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased HSPB8 stability, they failed to develop the age-associated impairment in sarcomere integrity. Therefore, we developed a mature, patient-specific, human engineered heart tissue model of BAG3-mediated DCM and compared it to its isogenic healthy control. We demonstrated successful recapitulation of adult-like features of the clinically observed disorganized sarcomeres and impaired tissue contractility, thereby providing a platform to investigate BAG3-related pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251371296"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene editing strategies to address current challenges in stem cell-derived β cell therapy for type 1 Diabetes. 基因编辑策略解决当前1型糖尿病干细胞来源的β细胞治疗的挑战。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-16 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251373039

Jongsoo Han, Donghyun Lim, Kisuk Yang

{"title":"Gene editing strategies to address current challenges in stem cell-derived β cell therapy for type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Jongsoo Han, Donghyun Lim, Kisuk Yang","doi":"10.1177/20417314251373039","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251373039","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to lifelong insulin dependence and significant health complications. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells (hPSC-β cells) have emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative for restoring endogenous insulin production; however, limitations such as functional immaturity, immune rejection, and biosafety concerns such as tumorigenic risk continue to hinder clinical application. Recent advances in gene editing technologies, particularly clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), offer precise tools to enhance or correct hPSC-β cell performance by improving glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), reducing immune rejection, and reducing biosafety concerns. This review explores gene editing strategies developed to overcome the key barriers in hPSC-β cell-based therapy for T1D. We highlight how genetic modifications enhance or correct β cell function, promote immune evasion, and reduce biosafety concerns through precise and clinically relevant engineering. Finally, we discuss the current landscape of clinical trials and future directions for translating gene-edited hPSC-β cells into curative treatments for T1D.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251373039"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12441298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intranasal delivery systems for traumatic brain injury: Advancements and perspectives. 外伤性脑损伤的鼻内给药系统：进展和前景。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-09-13 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251372373

Shin Hyuk Yoo, Soon Chul Heo, Jun Sang Bae, Jun Hee Lee, Jonathan C Knowles, Hae-Won Kim

引用次数: 0

Cardiac fibroblast-mediated ECM remodeling regulates maturation in an in vitro 3D engineered cardiac tissue. 心脏成纤维细胞介导的ECM重塑调节体外3D工程化心脏组织的成熟。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251356321

Yongjun Jang, Myeongjin Kang, Yong Guk Kang, Dongtak Lee, Hyo Gi Jung, Dae Sung Yoon, Jongseong Kim, Yongdoo Park

{"title":"Cardiac fibroblast-mediated ECM remodeling regulates maturation in an in vitro 3D engineered cardiac tissue.","authors":"Yongjun Jang, Myeongjin Kang, Yong Guk Kang, Dongtak Lee, Hyo Gi Jung, Dae Sung Yoon, Jongseong Kim, Yongdoo Park","doi":"10.1177/20417314251356321","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251356321","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac fibroblasts play an important role in heart homeostasis, regeneration, and disease by producing extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and remodeling enzymes. Under normal conditions, fibroblasts exist in a quiescent state and maintain homeostasis, such as tissue structure and ECM turnover. However, if they become activated upon stimuli, such as injury, aging, or mechanical stress, which can lead to disease through excessive cell proliferation and ECM production. In addition to their role in disease progression, it remains unclear how cardiac fibroblasts contribute to cardiac maturation during development and whether the mechanism driving cytokine and ECM production during development aligns with those observed in pathological conditions. In this study, we investigated the functional and structural maturation of engineered cardiac tissue by modulating fibroblast activity within a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro model. In this model, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and human primary cardiac fibroblasts (FBs) were co-cultured in a fibrin gel and their morphology, beating characteristics, beating force, and mRNA expression profiles were analyzed. The results demonstrate that functional and structural maturation were enhanced by fibroblast-driven tissue contraction and collagen deposition, while inhibition of ECM remodeling impaired both processes. However, excessive collagen accumulation reduced functional maturation by limiting contractile efficiency. Our data suggest that ECM remodeling by cardiac fibroblasts is essential for cardiac tissue maintenance and maturation. Additionally, the regulation of collagen deposition by fibroblast activity will be a key focus of future research, as it may critically influence both cardiac development and the progression of heart disease.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251356321"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in the early stages exacerbate the healing process by regulating macrophage polarization in Achilles tendon-bone injury. 早期形成的中性粒细胞胞外陷阱通过调节巨噬细胞极化加速跟腱-骨损伤的愈合过程。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251348038

Yiqin Zhou, Xiaolei Yang, Dawei Niu, Peiliang Fu, Qirong Qian, Qi Zhou

{"title":"Formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in the early stages exacerbate the healing process by regulating macrophage polarization in Achilles tendon-bone injury.","authors":"Yiqin Zhou, Xiaolei Yang, Dawei Niu, Peiliang Fu, Qirong Qian, Qi Zhou","doi":"10.1177/20417314251348038","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251348038","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of neutrophils and of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on post-traumatic tendon-to-bone healing was studied in a murine model. The impact of neutrophil infiltration on macrophage polarization and peritendinous fibrosis in early-stage Achilles tendon injury is reported. Mice underwent Achilles tendon-bone injury and divided into four groups: sham operation, tendon injury (TI) treated with acetylcellulose (vehicle control), TI treated with a Protein arginine deiminase-4 (PAD4) inhibitor GSK484, and TI treated with a neutrophil elastase inhibitor Sivelestat. Each group was monitored for 21 days. Post-traumatic neutrophil infiltration and NET formation were assessed using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and qPCR were used to evaluate macrophage polarization. Peritendinous fibrosis was assessed using Masson staining and Western blot. Neutrophil infiltration and NET formation increased significantly in the tendon following injury. A significant increase in M1-related markers and a decrease in M2-related markers were associated with NET formation. NET Inhibition using GSK484 or sivelestat reduced M1 markers and increased M2 markers. Furthermore, NET inhibition during the early stage suppressed peritendinous fibrosis and reduced inflammation during the healing process. In co-culture experiments, NETs induced proinflammatory cytokine secretion and upregulated M1 markers in bone marrow-derived macrophages while downregulating M2 markers. nlsNETs promote early-phase tendon-bone injury by inducing M1 macrophage polarization and peritendinous fibrosis. Targeting NETs during the initial phase of tendon injury could potentially facilitate the healing process.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251348038"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spheroid assembly of mesenchymal stem cells enhances secretome-mediated corneal reinnervation and epithelial repair in a mouse model of experimental dry eye. 在实验性干眼症小鼠模型中，间充质干细胞球形组装增强了分泌组介导的角膜再神经支配和上皮修复。

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251363300

Shao-Wen Liu, Meng-Yu Tsai, Yang-Chun Shen, Yi-Jen Hsueh, Han Chiu, Li-Wen Hsu, Hung-Chi Chen, Chieh-Cheng Huang

{"title":"Spheroid assembly of mesenchymal stem cells enhances secretome-mediated corneal reinnervation and epithelial repair in a mouse model of experimental dry eye.","authors":"Shao-Wen Liu, Meng-Yu Tsai, Yang-Chun Shen, Yi-Jen Hsueh, Han Chiu, Li-Wen Hsu, Hung-Chi Chen, Chieh-Cheng Huang","doi":"10.1177/20417314251363300","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251363300","url":null,"abstract":"Dry eye disease is a complex ocular surface disorder with multifactorial pathophysiology, including corneal epithelial damage, chronic inflammation, and corneal nerve dysfunction. Among these, impaired corneal innervation plays a particularly critical role, as it disrupts neurotrophic support and tear reflexes, perpetuating disease progression, and delaying healing. However, conventional treatments often provide only temporary symptom relief without addressing underlying tissue damage or promoting nerve regeneration. This shortcoming highlights the need for therapies that not only suppress inflammation but also restore corneal innervation. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroid-derived secretome-a cell-free solution rich in regenerative and anti-inflammatory factors-in a preclinical mouse model of dry eye disease. Compared with untreated controls, eyes treated with the MSC spheroid secretome presented faster corneal epithelial regeneration, improved corneal nerve reinnervation, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. These findings demonstrate that the MSC spheroid-derived secretome can simultaneously target multiple pathological features of dry eye to promote recovery of ocular surface integrity, underscoring its potential as a clinically relevant, cell-free regenerative therapy for dry eye and other ocular surface disorders.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251363300"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144958715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transplantation of engineered vascularized lymphatic tissue using LEC and in vivo AV loop model to enhance lymphangiogenesis and restore lymphatic drainage in a lymphadenectomy rat model. 用LEC和体内AV环模型移植工程化淋巴管组织促进淋巴管生成和恢复淋巴引流的实验研究

IF 7 1区工程技术

Journal of Tissue Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-10 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20417314251360755

Gina A Mackert, Hui-Yi Hsiao, Yung-Chun Chang, Robin T Wu, Rushil R Dang, Richard Tee, Jung-Ju Huang

{"title":"Transplantation of engineered vascularized lymphatic tissue using LEC and in vivo AV loop model to enhance lymphangiogenesis and restore lymphatic drainage in a lymphadenectomy rat model.","authors":"Gina A Mackert, Hui-Yi Hsiao, Yung-Chun Chang, Robin T Wu, Rushil R Dang, Richard Tee, Jung-Ju Huang","doi":"10.1177/20417314251360755","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20417314251360755","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphedema has emerged as a significant health issue among cancer survivors. The primary goal of treatment is to restore lymphatic drainage function. Engineering vascularized lymphatic tissue offers a promising alternative to achieve this goal. Currently, lymphatic tissue engineering with the use of cell-seeded scaffolds incubated in high hemodynamic flow environments, such as AV loop chambers, has shown promising results for lymphatic vessel regeneration. In this study, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were incorporated into an AV loop chamber and cultured in the groin region of a rat model. Surprisingly, the level of lymphangiogenesis, indicated by increased expression of the lymphatic marker LYVE-1, was significantly higher in the group with LECs alone than in the group with both LECs and ASCs. The engineered lymphatic tissue was subsequently orthotopically transplanted into the area of lymph node dissection. This procedure restored lymphatic drainage and reduced local inflammation, with decreased levels of CD3, CD4, and CD8 expression. These findings provide the potential for creating a functional, organized lymphatic system through the engineering of vascularized lymphatic tissue via AV loop cultivation, offering an applicable treatment option for lymphatic defects.","PeriodicalId":17384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Engineering","volume":"16 ","pages":"20417314251360755"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0